1 452例液基薄层细胞检查(TCT)筛查宫颈病变分析

目的探讨应用液基薄层细胞(TCT)检查宫颈病变的检出率。方法按宫颈病变三阶梯式诊断程序对TCT检查发现异常细胞者192例再经阴道镜下取活检行病理检查。结果TCT共检出宫颈病变192例,检出率为13.22%。其中,宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)136例,鳞状细胞癌5例。结论宫颈病变做TCT筛查,对未明确诊断意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞、低度鳞状上皮内病变、高度鳞状上皮内病变应在阴道镜下取活检明确病变性质、程度,为临床提供指导性建议。     

液基细胞学联合阴道镜检查在诊断宫颈病变中的作用

目的:探讨液基细胞学联合阴道镜检查在诊断宫颈疾病的中价值.方法:对854例宫颈疾病患者进行液基细胞学检查,异常患者行阴道镜下定点活检病理组织学检查.结果:液基细胞学检查阳性患者246例(28.8%),其中不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)131例,占15.4%;低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)78例,占9.1%;高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)35例,占4.1%;鳞状细胞癌(SCC)2例,占0.2%.阴道镜下定点活检病理组织学检查:炎症95例,上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)Ⅰ 94例,CINⅡ 20例,CINⅢ 35例,SCC 2例.细胞学检查与阴道镜下活组织病理检查结果符合率分别为:LSIL 82.98%(78/94),HSIL 63.64%(35/55),SCC 100%(2/2).结论:液基细胞学联合阴道镜检查可提高宫颈疾病的阳性检出率,对于宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌的早期诊断具有重要的临床诊断价值.     

液基薄层细胞学检查联合阴道镜筛查宫颈病变

目的 探讨宫颈液基薄层细胞技术(LPT)检查联合阴道镜检查并定位活检在宫颈病变中的诊断价值.方法 对2 258例妇科门诊就诊妇女先行LPT检查,LPT异常者进一步行阴道镜下活检.结果 LPT异常者共156例,其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS) 81例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL) 53例,高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL) 21例,鳞癌(SCC) 1 例.156例LPT异常者阴道镜下活检结果 显示:炎症77 例,宫颈上皮内瘤变CINⅠ 41例,CINⅡ 22例,CINⅢ 14例,鳞癌2例.LPT与病检结果 符合率分别是:ASCUS 25.93%,LSIL 69.81%,HSIL 95.24%,SCC100%.结论 LPT检查联合阴道镜检查能早期发现宫颈癌及癌前病变,是一种方便可靠的宫颈癌筛查方法 .     

液基细胞学检查联合阴道镜宫颈活检在宫颈病变诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨液基细胞学检查(TCT)诊断配合阴道镜宫颈活检对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)的诊断价值。方法:对165例行TCT筛查阳性患者行阴道镜宫颈活检,采用TBS分级系统进行诊断,并与病理结果进行比较。结果:123例经TCT诊断为ASCUS患者中,诊断为CIN 61例,与阴道镜宫颈活检符合率为49.6%(CINⅠ50例,CINⅡ8例,CINⅢ3例);29例LTC诊断为HSIL患者中,诊断为CIN21例,与阴道镜宫颈活检符合率为72.4%(CINⅠ11例,CINⅡ8例,CINⅢ2例);12例TCT诊断为LSIL患者中,诊断为CIN 8例,与阴道镜宫颈活检符合率为66.7%(CINⅠ5例,CINⅡ2例,CINⅢ1例);TCT诊断为SCC的1例患者,诊断为浸润癌,与阴道镜宫颈活检符合率为100.0%。结论:TCT配合阴道镜宫颈活检诊断宫颈病可以降低漏诊率,是宫颈癌前病变简单有效的诊断方法,值得临床推广应用。     

阴道镜宫颈活检与 TCT 联合检测在宫颈病变中的应用

目的：探讨阴道镜宫颈活检与宫颈薄层液基细胞学（ TCT ）在宫颈病变筛查中的临床应用价值。方法选取2012年1月～12月在妇科门诊行宫颈薄层液基细胞学（ TCT）检查异常的483例患者,并同时行阴道镜宫颈活检组织病理检查,对临床资料进行回顾性分析。 TCT检查报告采用TBS 诊断系统,结合病理检查报告,作出诊断。结果 TCT结果为不能明确意义的非典型鳞状细胞（ ASC-US）351例,阴道镜下宫颈活检病理检出CINⅠ～CINⅢ223例（63．53％）,鳞状上皮内低度病变（LSIL）82例中,阴道镜宫颈活检病理检出符合CINⅠ～CINⅢ75例（91．46％）,鳞状上皮内高度病变（HSIL）44例中,阴道镜下宫颈活检病理检出符合CINⅠ～CIMⅢ41例（83．67％）,在SCC 6例中,阴道镜下宫颈活检检出符合SCC 6例（100．00％）。结论 TCT检查与宫颈活检诊断符合率较高,对高级别 CIN及宫颈癌诊断准确率高,采用阴道镜宫颈活检联合TCT检测可以早期发现宫颈癌前病变,是宫颈癌筛查的安全、可靠、准确的检查方法。     

液基细胞薄片联合宫颈活检在子宫颈病变诊断中的应用

目的:探讨宫颈液基细胞学(TCT)联合宫颈活检在宫颈病变诊断中应用价值。方法:收集我院2009年1月-2011年2月妇科门诊3 600例TCT检查标本(诊断标准采用TBS细胞学分类),并对TCT检查阳性者作宫颈组织活检。结果:3 600例TCT检查中阳性者232例,阳性率6.4%,其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)82例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)60例,高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)57例,鳞状细胞癌(SCC)33例;宫颈活检病理检查结果,其中慢性炎症78例,CINⅠ58例,CINⅡ22例,CINⅢ40例,鳞状细胞癌34例。结论:TCT检查联合宫颈活检对宫颈病变的诊断及治疗具有重要的临床应用价值。     

液基超薄细胞技术(TCT)配合阴道镜检查对宫颈病变诊断结果分析

目的 对液基超薄细胞技术(thinprep cytolgic TCT)配合阴道镜检查对宫颈病变诊断中的临床应用价值进行评价.方法 2006年5月～2006年12月对新疆自治区人民医院妇科住院的110例患者进行TCT检查配合阴道镜检查对子宫颈病变进行诊断.以细胞学诊断为金标准.阴道镜活检发现异常的患者进行宫颈锥切术或宫颈癌根治术.结果 110例患者中,88例有组织病理学诊断,57例诊断为宫颈鳞状上皮内瘤变(SIL)占64.7%(57/88).其中高度鳞状上皮内瘤变(HSIL)为43.2%(38/88),低度鳞状上皮内瘤变(LSIL)21.6%(19/88),不典型鳞状细胞(ASC-US)23.9%(21/88),宫颈癌9例为10.2%(9/88).110例阴道镜检查80例阴道镜下活检,阴道镜诊断与阴道镜下活检组织学诊断的符合率为65.0%(52/80).65例同时有阴道镜下活检和宫颈术后病理,两种方法病理诊断的符合率66.15%(43/65)以病理诊断为标准.TCT技术配合阴道镜检查对宫颈病变诊断的符合率为80.1%.结论 TCT技术配合阴道镜检查及活检,是筛查和诊断宫颈病变的可靠手段.     

液基超薄细胞技术及TBS系统检查筛选宫颈病变的意义

目的对液基超薄细胞技术(TCT)和TBS系统在筛选宫颈病变中的临床应用价值进行评价。方法2005年4月~2006年7月对在我院体检科进行妇科检查的1668例女性进行TCT和TBS细胞学分类,对TCT检查发现异常的病例均进行阴道镜检查及镜下活组织病理检查。结果1668例涂片中检出异常涂片86例(5.16%),其中不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)48例(2.88%),低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)22例(1.32%),高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)16例(0.96%)。TCT与阴道镜病理检查的符合率为86.04%。结论TCT技术结合TBS应用于宫颈细胞涂片配合阴道镜活检,是筛查和诊断子宫颈癌前病变的可靠手段。     

液基细胞学联合阴道镜下活检在子宫颈病变诊断中的临床应用

目的:评价液基细胞学检测技术(简称TCT)及阴道镜下活检在宫颈病变诊断中的作用.方法:对1466例受检者的宫颈细胞采用TCT技术检测,将诊断意义不明的不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)以上病变均列为细胞阳性病例,对其中90例行阴道镜下多点取材活检.结果:TCT检查1466例,细胞学阳性127例,占8.66%,其中ASCUS 47例(3.20%)、低度鳞状上皮内病变(LSIL)77例(5.25%)、高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)2例(0.14%).对细胞学阳性中90例进行阴道镜下活检,与病理组织学对照,ASCUS(CIN Ⅰ～Ⅱ7例、CINⅢ2例、SCC1例);LSIL(CIN Ⅰ-Ⅱ19例、CINⅢ7例、SCC1例);HSIL(SCC1例).结论:TCT筛查联合阴道镜下活组织病理检查,能早期发现子宫颈病变.     

宫颈上皮内瘤变三种形态学诊断方法的比较

目的比较宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)三种形态学诊断方法——膜式液基薄层细胞学检查(liquid-based cytology test,TCT)、阴道镜下活组织检查、宫颈环状电切术(loop electrosurgical excision pro-cedure,LEEP)术后组织病理检查的结果。方法2005年3月至2007年4月,对在同济大学附属第十人民医院妇科就诊的妇女用细胞学检查、阴道镜下活组织检查及LEEP术后病理检查这三种方法诊断宫颈上皮内瘤变的结果进行总结、比较。结果共有6 651例妇女接受了TCT检查,发现异常者300例,包括非典型鳞状细胞不能明确意义(atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance,ASCUS)208例,非典型性鳞状细胞不除外上皮内高度病变(a-typical squamous cells:cannot exclude high grade SIL,ASC-H)4例,低度鳞状上皮内病变(1owgrade squamous intraepi-thelial lesion,LSIL)68例,高度鳞状上皮内病变(high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion,HSIL)13例,不典型腺细胞(atypical glandular cells,AGC)3例,鳞癌2例,腺癌1例。共有443例妇女接受了阴道镜下宫颈活检,其中宫颈细胞学结果异常的273例,病理诊断为CINⅠ105例,CINⅡ42例,CINⅢ20例,宫颈浸润癌8例。与TCT结果比较,低度病变诊断符合率50.75%,高度病变为92.31%,宫颈癌为100%。另有162例妇女接受了LEEP手术,共计发现CINⅠ39例,CINⅡ20例,CINⅢ17例;与阴道镜下活检结果比较,CINⅠ诊断符合率为58.19%,CINⅡ诊断符合率为48.00%,CINⅢ为61.90%。结论三种形态学方法虽然大大提高了CIN的检出率,但仍有较高的漏诊率,且诊断符合率较低。所以诊断CIN不能仅仅依赖于形态学诊断方法。     

3 476名已婚妇女宫颈检查和宫颈刮片结果分析

目的分析3 476名已婚妇女宫颈检查和宫颈刮片结果,了解宫颈糜烂与宫颈刮片巴氏分级的关系。方法回顾性分析该院2003～2008年行妇科检查的3 476名已婚妇女宫颈检查和宫颈刮片的结果。结果年龄与宫颈糜烂程度有关联(P0.01),≤30岁组的宫颈糜烂发病率最高(68.0%);年龄与宫颈刮片的巴氏分级有关联(P0.05),≥61岁组的巴氏分级ⅡB级及其以上发病率最高(4.9%);不同宫颈糜烂程度与宫颈刮片的巴氏分级有关联(P0.01),重度宫颈糜烂组的巴氏分级ⅡB级及其以上发病率最高(17.3%)。结论宫颈糜烂与随年龄增长患病率逐渐降低;宫颈癌发病率与年龄、宫颈糜烂程度存在正相关。积极治疗宫颈糜烂,针对高龄妇女进行定期检查,有利于早期发现宫颈癌。     

Clinical and radiographic results of cervical artificial disc arthroplasty: over three years follow-up cohort study

Background Theoretic advantages of cervical disc arthroplasty include preservation of normal motion and biomechanics in the cervical spine, and reduction of adjacent-segment degeneration. The clinical and radiographic effects of cervical disc arthroplasty in short term have been ascertained. The aim of this study is to research the data of mid-term results.Methods In this prospective cohort study, 50 patients who underwent cervical disc arthroplasty from December 2003 to January 2006 were enrolled. There were 39 patients who received 1-level disc arthroplasty, and 11 patients received 2-level disc arthroplasty, with an average age of 50.9 years （range from 29 to 73）. The median follow-up was 41.85months （range from 36.00-55.63 months）. Patients were followed prospectively with respect to their symptoms,neurologic signs, and radiographic results.Results The median value of Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） score was 14.0 before surgery, and 16.5 at the most recent follow-up （P 〈0.01）. The median value of the recovery rate of the JOA score was 92.2%. The preoperative range of motion （ROM） at the indexed level was （10.40±4.97）°, which has significantly correlated with the most recent follow-up ROM which was （8.56±4.76）° （P 〈0.05, r=0.33）. The ROM at the operative level at the most recent follow-upwas greater than the value at the 3-month follow-up of （7.52±3.37）° （P 〈0.05）. The preoperative functional spinal unit （FSU） angulation was （-0.96±6.52）°, which was not significantly correlated with that of the most recent follow-up value of （-2.65±7.95）° （P 〈0.01, r=0.53）. The preoperative endplate angulation was （2.61±4.85）°, which had no significant correlation with that of the most recent follow-up value of （0.71±6.41）° （p 〉0.05）.Conclusions The clinical and radiographic results of cervical disc arthroplasty are good in mid-term follow-up. The normal range of motion of the operated level and the biomechanics in the cervical spine are well preserved.     

COA: Bryan人工椎间盘置换术3年以上随访的临床效果

背景：颈椎人工间盘置换术作为一种新的技术,近年来在脊柱外科领域广泛应用。它具有保留手术节段活动,保留置换节段的生物力学环境,减少临近节段退变等优点。尽管颈椎人工间盘置换的短期临床效果已经得到了肯定,但是中期的临床效果尚缺乏报道。 材料与方法：对2003年12月到2006年1月行颈椎人工间盘置换术的50例患者进行了随访。其中单节段颈椎人工间盘置换39例,双节段颈椎人工间盘置换11例。随访时年龄29-73岁（平均年龄50.9岁）。随访时间36.0-55.63个月,呈偏态分布,中位数为41.85个月,四分位数间距为8.71个月。。记录患者症状、神经系统体征及影像学情况。 结果：JOA评分中位数术前为14.0,末次随访时为16.5,两者间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,JOA评分改善率中位数为92.17%。末次随访置换节段过屈过伸活动度8.56°±4.76°与术前置换节段过屈过伸活动度10.4°±4.97°呈正相关并有统计学意义（P<0.05,r=0.33）。末次随访时置换节段活动度与术后三个月7.52°±3.37°相比略有增加,并有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术前中立位置换节段的曲度-0.96°±6.52°与末次随访时中立位置换节段的曲度-2.65°±7.95°有相关性（r=0.53,P<0.01）,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术前中立位置换节段的终板间夹角为2.61°±4.85°与末次随访时置换节段的中立位假体终板间夹角0.71°±6.41°无相关性,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论：Bryan人工间盘置换术3年随访的疗效是满意的,颈椎置换节段的生理运动范围及生物力学环境得到了较好的保持。     

颈神经及其相关结构的应用解剖

对第１、２颈神经、整个颈神经后支及相关结构（包括特殊颈椎、神经通道）作详细的调查、测量和追踪。横行分离每一块椎骨，纵行剖开每一椎体和椎弓。阐明了环椎、枢椎的解剖特点和第１、２颈神经的特殊通道结构。用解剖学观点解释了颈椎病神经根症状的临床表现和颈病机理。     

宫颈糜烂267例肉眼所见与病理诊断结果对比分析

目的 调查普通妇科医生临床肉眼拟诊的宫颈糜烂经组织学检查确诊后的疾病构成。方法 对普通妇科医生临床肉眼拟诊宫颈糜烂的患者267例行阴道镜下活检病理检查明确诊断，根据确诊结果统计其疾病构成。结果 此267例肉眼拟诊的宫颈糜烂的疾病构成为：宫颈炎28．1％（75例），宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CIN）Ⅰ39．0％（104例），CINⅡ13．5％（36例），CINⅢ14．6％（39例），宫颈癌3．4％（9例），其他1.5％（4例）。结论 肉眼拟诊的宫颈糜烂中宫颈病变的比例很高，仅凭肉眼观察无法区分宫颈糜烂与宫颈上皮内瘤变及旱期宫颈癌。     

宫颈机能不全患者孕期腹腔镜和经阴道宫颈环扎术后的疗效分析

目的：探讨子宫颈机能不全（cervical incompetence,CI）患者孕期行腹腔镜子宫颈环扎术（laparoscopic cervical cerclage,LAC）和经阴道子宫颈环扎术（transvaginal cervical cerclage,TVC）后的妊娠结局及超声监测妊娠期子宫颈长度的变化,进一步探讨LAC的适应证。方法：回顾性分析2016年6月至2022年2月因CI孕期在本院行子宫颈环扎术的患者共115例,其中行LAC 65例（LAC组）,既往TVC失败35例,既往行子宫颈锥切术30例;TVC 50例（TVC组）,均无既往TVC失败史,既往行子宫颈锥切术20例。对2组患者的妊娠结局、术中情况、术后并发症及妊娠期超声测量的子宫颈长度进行比较。结果：LAC组既往TVC失败率高于TVC组（53.8%vs. 0.0%,P<0.05）,差异有统计学意义,LAC组、TVC组既往子宫颈锥切手术率差异无统计学意义（46.1%vs. 40.0%,P>0.05）;LAC组的足月产率、新生儿存活率、分娩孕周、延长孕周[83.0%、100.0%、（36.5±4.0）周、（1...     

颈椎前路减压颈椎椎体间融合器椎体间融合术

目的：观察颈椎椎体间融合器（ＢＡＫ）用于颈椎前路减压后椎体间固定和融合效果。方法：采用ＢＡＫ行颈椎病及颈椎间盘突出症前路减压术后椎体间融合术６４例。术后颈椎Ｘ线片及ＣＴ检查,观察手术椎节的稳定性和融合情况。结果：随访６￣２８个月,术后次日即下床活动,手术节段稳定,术后３￣６个月融合。结论：ＢＡＫ颈椎椎体间固定融合技术使施术椎节立即稳定,手术安全简便,并且避免了自体植骨引起的多种并发症,可作为替代传     

Application of cervical arthroplasty with Bryan cervical disc: long-term X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging follow-up results

Background Cervical disc arthroplasty is a new technique for treating degenerative cervical disease. Its goal is to avoid the degeneration of adjacent levels by preserving motion at the treated level. The aims of this study were to evaluate the radiologic outcomes of Bryan cervical disc replacement and the degenerative status of adjacent segments.Methods Twenty-two patients at a single center underwent discectomy and implantation of Bryan cervical disc. The mean follow-up period was 60 months （57-69 months）. Twenty patients underwent single-level arthroplasty and two underwent arthroplasty at two levels. The levels of surgery included C3/4 （3 levels）, C4/5 （2 levels）, C5/6 （18 levels） and C6/7 （1 level）. Radiographic evaluation included dynamic X-ray examination and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） at baseline and at final follow-up.Results On X-ray examination, the range of motion （ROM） at the operated level was 7.2° （2.5°-13.0°） at baseline and 7.8° （1.0°-15.0°） at final follow-up （P 〉0.05）. Heterotopic ossification around the prosthesis was observed in eight levels,and two levels showed loss of motion （ROM 〈2°）. MRI showed worsening by a grade at the upper level in 2/22 patients,and worsening by a grade at the lower level in 3/22, according to Miyazaki＇s classification. No further impingement of the ligamentum flavum into the spinal canal was observed at adjacent levels, though the disc bulge was slightly increased at both the adjacent upper and lower levels at final follow-up.Conclusions Arthroplasty using Bryan cervical disc prosthesis resulted in favorable radiologic outcomes in this study.Disc degeneration at adjacent levels may be postponed by this technique.     

Follow-up Study on the Motion Range after Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease with the Bryan Cervical Disc Prosthesis

This study examined effect of a new intervertebral cervical disc prosthesis in relieving the neurological symptoms and signs, improving the patients' ability to perform daily activities, reducing pain, and maintaining the stability and segmental motion. From December 2003 to October 2004, 12 patients, who had received 14 replacements of cervical artificial discs, were followed-up for 2 to 8 months (with a mean of 5.2 months). Of them 5 had cervical spondylotic myelopathy and 7 had cer- vical disc herniation. The patients included 7 males and 5 females, with their age ranging from 35 to 62 y and a mean of 50.3 y. Single-level replacements were performed in 10 cases and 2 cases re- ceived two-level replacement. Operation time of the single-level surgery averaged 130±50 min and the time of two-level surgery was 165±53 min on average (from skin incision to skin suturing). Neurological or vascular complications during or after surgery was not observed. Japanese Orthope- dic Association scores (JOA scores) increased from 8.6 to 15.8 on average. There was no prothesis subsidence or excursion. Replaced segments were stable and the range of motion was partially re- stored, being 4.68° (3.6°-6.1°) in flexion and extension position and 3.51° (2.5°-4.6°), 3.42° (2.6° -4.3°) in left and right bending position. No obvious loss of physiological curvature was noted. CT or MRI follow-up showed that excursion was less than 1.5 mm) in 2 of 14 levels and between 1.5 mm and 3 mm) in 1 of 14 levels. No ossification in the replaced levels was observed. It is concluded that satisfactory short-term results were achieved in the 12 cases of artificial disc replacements. Different from anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, the replacement could achieve quick functional recov- ery and did not lead to the movement limitation of cervical vertebrae. At least a 5-years follow-up was needed to assess the long-term effect of the prosthesis on its neighboring segments.     

颈椎间盘突出症的诊断与手术治疗

目的：探讨颈椎间盘突出症的诊断和手术疗法。方法：分析颈椎间盘突出症１５６例临床资料，观察其临床表现，影响学改变及手术疗效。结果：颈椎间盘突出可分为中央型和侧方型。前者以颈髓受压，后者以神经根受损为主要临床表现，ＭＲＩ可明确显示其类型，对１４２例进行术后随访８～８８个月（平均４２个月），术后优良率为９２％（１３０／１４２）结论：ＭＲＩ对本病的诊断具有重要价值，对病情较重，尤其中央型突出者及经正规非手