妊娠高血压综合征的眼底病变与病情相关性分析

目的 分析妊娠高血压综合征(PIH)患者眼底病变与病情相关性.方法 回顾性分析2013-2015年我院妇产科收治的250例PIH患者的临床及眼底检查结果,分析眼底病变与PIH分期、血压、病程、蛋白尿以及并发症的关系,针对不同期患者采取相应处理措施,并观察PIH预后与眼底病变的关系.结果 PIH眼底病变患病率达90%;PIH患者眼底病变与PIH分期、血压、病程、蛋白尿程均存在关联性(P<0.05);分期越高、血压越高、蛋白尿程度越高,出现眼底病变的可能性越大.眼底正常和Ⅰ期眼底病变组早产、胎盘早剥、产后出血发生率低于Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期眼底病变组.分娩结束后,PIH患者视网膜可逐渐恢复正常,眼底正常组后遗高血压3例(12.0%),Ⅰ~Ⅲ期眼底病变组50例(22.2%),其中Ⅲ期18例(37.5%).结论 PIH患者眼底病变与其病情具有关联性,分析眼底病变对预测PIH有重要价值,通过动态眼底观察及时作出诊断,对全面分析病情、采取适宜的治疗措施、选择合适分娩方式、降低母婴死亡率具有重要的临床意义.     

540例妊娠高血压综合征眼底改变临床分析

目的：探讨妊娠高血压综合征（PIHs）患者高血压，蛋白尿和水肿与眼底视网膜改变的关系。方法：分析眼底改变与PIHS患者血压、蛋白尿、水肿的关系，用直接检眼镜检查眼底。结果：在540例患者中发现正常眼底342例（占63．3％），视网膜病变198例（占36．7％），在轻、中、重患者中PIHS越重其眼底改变越重。结论：PIHS与血压高低、眼底改变程度相一致，眼底改变越重，蛋白尿、视网膜水肿发生率越高，说明眼底改变是反应全身多处器官受损，一但出现重度PIHS及时终止妊娠有利于视网膜较好恢复。     

妊娠期高血压疾病眼底病变的视网膜和脉络膜厚度变化分析

目的:探讨分析妊娠期高血压疾病眼底病变的视网膜和脉络膜厚度的变化特征。方法:选择2016年7月-2018年12月本院收治并确诊为妊娠期高血压疾病眼底病变患者60例115眼为研究对象,应用散瞳眼底检查和黄斑EDI-OCT检查确诊患者眼底病变情况,根据Duke-Elder分期标准分为眼底正常、眼底病变Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期,测量各组中心凹处视网膜、脉络膜厚度和黄斑区各象限脉络膜厚度。结果:本研究检查60例妊娠期高血压疾病患者115眼,显示眼底正常者12例24眼(20.87%),48例91眼(79.13%)呈不同程度眼底病变。不同程度眼底病变的妊娠期高血压疾病患者的视网膜和脉络膜厚度发生不同程度改变。眼底Ⅱ期病变患者黄斑区各象限脉络膜厚度、中心凹处视网膜和脉络膜厚度均较眼底正常者低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);Ⅲ期病变患者黄斑区各象限脉络膜厚度、中心凹处视网膜和脉络膜厚度均较其他者高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:妊娠期高血压疾病患者眼底Ⅲ期病变黄斑区、中心凹处视网膜和脉络膜厚度有明显改变,通过对妊娠期高血压疾病患者眼底筛查,有助于及时发现眼底病变,并制定有效的治疗方案,改善视网膜和脉络膜病变的微循环。     

妊娠高血压疾病220例眼底变化的特征分析

目的探讨妊娠高血压疾病患者眼底变化的临床特征。方法回顾性分析220例妊娠高血压疾病患者的临床及眼底检查临床资料。结果220例妊娠高血压疾病患者中发生眼底病变共200例,发生率90．91％;眼底变化Ⅰ级发生率40．00％、Ⅱ级45．00％、Ⅲ级15．00％;妊娠高血压疾病轻度发生眼底变化81．25％、中度94．44％、重度100．00％;病程≤10d发生率77．69％、11～29d82．10％、≥30d95．00％;出现蛋白尿（＋）发生率78．89％、（＋＋）88．57％、（＋＋＋）92．86％、〉（＋＋＋＋）100．00％;围产儿死亡24例,眼底变化I级死亡发生率5．00％、Ⅱ级11．11％、Ⅱ级33．33％;未发生产妇死亡。分娩结束眼底变化恢复正常。结论妊娠高血压疾病视网膜病变与疾病严重程度、病程、蛋白尿密切相关,眼底检查对早期诊断、治疗有指导意义,应作为妊娠高血压疾病的常规检查。     

妊娠高血压综合征眼底改变临床分析

探讨妊娠高血压综合征的眼底改变。方法：对１９９７年至１９９８年住院的５１例妊娠高血压患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：５１例中出现眼底改变３３例，占６４．７０％。结论妊娠高血压综合征眼底发生率与病程有关，病程时间越长，发生率越高。重度视网膜病变的发生率与高血压、水肿、蛋白尿有一定的关系。     

1021例妊娠高血压综合征眼底改变的临床分析

目的：分析妊娠高血压综合征的发病率及眼底改变情况。方法：1990～2002年间我院收住的9126例孕产妇，其中诊断为妊娠高血压综合征的患者1021例。1021例妊娠高血压患者均用检眼镜或眼底照相观察并记录其眼底改变情况，进行综合分析。结果：9126例孕产妇被诊断患有妊娠高血压综合征的有1021例，发病率为11．2％。其中781例发生眼底病变，占76．5％。其中处于小动脉痉挛期的患者562例，占55％。处于动脉硬化期的患者14例，占1．37％。发生视网膜病变205例，占20.1％。并且随着血压的升高，发生视网膜病变的比例显著增加。尤其是妊娠前已患有高血压、肾脏疾病或糖尿病，则更易发生视网膜病变。结论：妊娠高血压综合征易于发生眼底病变，眼底改变可以反映高血压对孕产妇的影响情况。所以，眼底检查是妊娠高血压综合征的一项重要检查，对了解孕产妇的怀孕情况及临床处理有重要的指导意义。     

高血压患者眼底改变的影响因素分析

目的分析高血压患者发生眼底改变的影响因素,为高血压性眼底改变的防治提供临床参考。方法收集511例原发性高血压患者,根据是否存在眼底病变分为眼底病变组357例和无眼底病变组154例。比较两组患者收缩压、血总胆固醇、甘油三酯、同型半胱氨酸浓度及尿蛋白水平,并对眼底病变程度与相关影响因素的关系进行分析。结果眼底病变组收缩压≥140 mm Hg、总胆固醇>5.17 mmol/L、同型半胱氨酸>15μmol/L及伴有蛋白尿的比例明显高于无眼底病变组(P<0.05)。眼底病变程度随收缩压、总胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸、蛋白尿浓度的升高而加重,两者呈正相关。结论影响高血压患者眼底改变的因素较多,收缩压、血总胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸及蛋白尿浓度是眼底改变较为显著的影响因素,它们可能参与了高血压患者眼底改变过程,高血压早期密切监测有利于预防眼底病变或减轻眼底病变程度。     

妊高征性视网膜病变干预后转归的临床意义

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征（妊高征）患者视网膜病变治疗后转归与其严重程度和母儿预后的关系。方法动态观察382例妊高征患者眼底情况并进行分析。结果382例患者中眼底改变率为92.9%;视网膜病变及严重程度与妊高征的严重程度成正比;眼底病变愈重治疗后转归愈差;孕产妇及围产儿死亡及新生儿患病率越高。结论眼底动态观察,对早期诊断妊高征,适时终止妊娠,判断孕产妇及围生儿预后,具有重要意义。     

妊娠期高血压48例眼底改变分析

目的：探讨眼底检查在妊娠期高血压疾病中的临床意义。方法选择2012年8月—2015年8月我院收治的妊娠期高血压疾病患者48例（96只眼）,观察其视网膜病变发生率、病变程度、血压和蛋白尿情况并进行分析。结果患者视网膜病变随着平均动脉压和蛋白尿水平升高而加重。结论视网膜病变是医师评估病情,判断预后的客观依据,妊娠期应重视对视网膜病变的筛查。     

妊娠高血压疾病与眼底检查的相关研究

目的探讨妊娠高血压综合征患者的眼底变化与疾病程度的意义。方法对130例妊高征患者临床血压、蛋白尿、及眼底检查并进行分析比较。结果妊高征患者视网膜病变的发病率为92．3％;视网膜病变的发生及病变程度与妊高征患者的高血压及蛋白尿水平呈正相关。结论视网膜病变是判断妊高征病变程度的重要指标之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.