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1.
[目的]了解龙岩市高中学生吸烟情况以及对控烟的态度,为今后教育和干预提供依据。[方法]采取整群随机抽样方法,通过现场问卷的方式对2所中学6个班331名学生进行调查。[结果]男生现在吸烟率为11.4%,女生为2.2%,男生高于女生(P〈0.01)。尝试吸第一口烟者占调查者总数的26.2%,半数以上〈10岁,尝试者有1/4成为现在吸烟者(25.6%)。[结论]应从小进行控烟教育,采取教育与行政干预相结合的办法,有效地改变学生的不健康行为,控制吸烟。  相似文献   

2.
目的了解安徽师范大学学生吸烟现状及烟草相关知识和态度,为今后健康教育和控烟措施提供科学理论依据。方法整群抽取该师范大学1—3年级在校学生1100名,调查学生的一般特征和吸烟相关的知识、信念、行为。结果1100名调查对象中总吸烟率为11.4%,其中男生吸烟率为21.8%,女生吸烟率为2.2%,男生吸烟率高于女生(P〈0.01)。吸烟者与不吸烟者在年级和专业上差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。学生吸烟的主要原因依次是好奇、社交需要、周围朋友影响等。结论师范生虽然对吸烟危害健康的认识程度较高,但吸烟现象不容忽视,社会和学校必须采取积极有效的综合干预策略,以控制师范生的吸烟行为。  相似文献   

3.
柞水县中学生吸烟现况调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
吸烟对人类健康尤其是对青少年的严重危害,已被大量的科学研究所证实。近年来,国内一些地区曾对青少年的吸烟情况进行过调查。我区青少年的吸烟情况如何尚不清楚,为此,作者于1991年6~7月对陕西省排水县三所城乡中学进行了调查。结果:1吸烟惰况共调查726人,吸烟者192人,吸烟率26.45%。城乡学生吸烟率无明显差别([WTBX]X2[WTBZ]=0.52,P>0.05),男生吸烟率显著高于女生([WTBX]X2[WTBZ]=94.98,P<0.001)。2吸烟与家庭和近邻吸烟状况的关系父母吸烟与不吸烟者,学生吸烟率分别为30.08%(179/595)、9.92%(13…  相似文献   

4.
五城市大学生吸烟状况调查与分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
为了解目前我国大学生吸烟状况,并为控制吸烟立法提供科学依据,我们对五城市3340名大学生吸烟状况以及大学生对吸烟行为的认识和态度进行了调查.结果表明;男生吸烟率为29.4%,偶尔吸烟率45.0%,女生吸烟率为1.8%,偶尔吸烟率9.9%.近90%大学生不同程度地了解吸烟的危害;大学男生吸烟者与不吸烟者对控制吸烟措施的反映基本一致.  相似文献   

5.
目的了解维吾尔族中学生吸烟状况,为在维吾尔族中学生中开展控烟干预活动提供依据。方法以班级为单位随机进行整群抽样,在抽取的2130名维吾尔族中学生中进行问卷调查。结果尝试吸烟率为14、18%(男生31~30%,女生2.39%),吸烟率为12.09%(男生27.24%,女生1.65%)。促使吸烟的主要原因是烦恼或无聊(42.09%),吸烟的主要影响因素是饮酒、父母亲吸烟、零用钱较多。戒烟的主要原因是吸烟有害健康(75.78%)。男生吸烟相关知识得分低于女生、初中生得分低于高中生、吸烟者得分低于非吸烟者。75.78%的学生支持在公共场所禁烟的规定。结论维吾尔族中学生的吸烟率较低,有较高维护自身健康的意识,对禁烟活动持积极的态度,应针对影响维吾尔族中学生吸烟的因素开展健康教育。  相似文献   

6.
于1995年对北医大一年级学生的吸烟情况进行了调查,结果表明:女医学生吸烟率为13.9%;女生知识得分,从未吸烟者比曾经吸烟者高5.81%,比现在仍吸烟者高46.25%;吸烟态度得分上,从未吸烟者比曾经吸烟者高7.57%,比现在仍吸烟者高34.25%;现在仍吸烟者对吸烟有害的知识和态度得分,女生比男生低41.79%和13.86%。提示医学院校女生的控烟健康教育面临的难度要比男生更大。  相似文献   

7.
[目的]了解大学生吸烟状况及对控制吸烟的态度,为今后教育和干预措施提供科学理论依据。[方法]采用现场问卷调查方式,对1030名学生进行调查。[结果]男生吸烟率达50.3%,女生吸烟率达9.2%,男生吸烟率高于女生(P<0.005);开始吸烟的首要原因主要为好奇心,其次为社交需要和烦闷,时间主要在小学和大学阶段;大部分学生对控制吸烟行为有正确的认识,有92.6%的学生认为吸烟肯定会损害健康,但仍有25.2%的男生和4.4%的女生表示可能或肯定会在今后吸烟。[结论]应采取积极有效的综合干预策略,改变学生的不健康行为,控制吸烟。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]了解芜湖市在校大学生吸烟行为发生状况、烟草危害知识知晓情况及对吸烟行为的态度,分析大学生吸烟行为影响因素,为定制有效干预措施提供参考。[方法]多阶段分层整群抽取芜湖市3所高校2232名1~3年级学生进行吸烟行为及相关知识态度调查,并对数据进行单因素和多因素分析。[结果]在2029名有效调查样本中,大学生尝试吸烟行为、现在吸烟行为、每日吸烟行为发生率分别为34.9%(男生52.1%,女生13.2%)、9.8%(男生16.3%,女生1.5%)、2.1%(男生3.5%,女生0.2%),首次尝试吸烟行为主要发生在小学阶段(48.8%)。农村学生尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率均高于城市学生;吸烟者烟草危害知识知晓度和拒绝吸烟的意愿均低于非吸烟者(P0.05)。多因素分析显示:男生、农村生源、独生子女、吸烟态度得分低、母亲吸烟、密友吸烟、室友吸烟是大学生尝试吸烟的危险因素;男生、吸烟态度得分低、母亲吸烟、室友吸烟、密友吸烟是大学生现在吸烟的危险因素。[结论]芜湖市大学生吸烟行为处于较高水平,对烟草危害认知度不容乐观。学校需加强大学生控烟知识的宣传教育力度,同时应结合家庭成员和同伴的参与,促进知识内化为信念,进一步影响行为。  相似文献   

9.
殷建国 《现代预防医学》2007,34(16):3086-3087,3093
[目的]了解济钢中学生吸烟状况及其影响因素,为采取针对性的控烟措施提供理论依据。[方法]采取整群抽样方法,对济钢下属两所中学12~18岁的在校学生,作吸烟状况及相关问题的问卷调查。[结果]中学生总吸烟率为6.35%。其中男生吸烟率为10.44%,女生为1.82%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);在125名吸烟者中78.4%的属偶尔吸烟者,常吸烟者只占全部调查人数的1.37%。初中学生总吸烟率为6.43%,高中学生总吸烟率为6.26%,随年级增高学生吸烟率均呈上升趋势;开始吸烟的原因主要是好奇、解除烦恼和结交朋友;父亲吸烟对男生影响较大。[结论]济钢中学生吸烟率不高,但应进一步加强控烟教育,培养学生健康的行为习惯,降低吸烟率。  相似文献   

10.
目的了解天津市青少年吸烟的流行情况,为开展有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用自填匿名问卷集体调查方法,对天津市36所中学、6所大学,10 800名学生进行调查。结果学生尝试吸烟率为24.6%,现在吸烟率为10.6%,男女生差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。大专男生及职业中学女生尝试吸烟报告率最高。吸烟学生中,首次吸烟年龄小于13岁的比例为46.2%。大专男生、职业中学男生经常吸烟、重度吸烟的比例最高。结论青少年的现在吸烟率继续上升、尝试吸烟率升高;吸烟初始年龄和抽完一整支烟年龄提前;我市青少年吸烟者仍以轻度吸烟为主,而重度吸烟者中以职业中学、大专男生较为严重,女生吸烟中以职业中学最为严重。应尽早采取措施对青少年进行宣传教育,预防吸烟行为的发生。  相似文献   

11.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between risk factors and smoking status among high school students in Okinawa, Japan. We also examined if there is a dose-response relation between the number of risk factors and smoking status. Self-reported questionnaires including smoking status and potential risk factors were conducted using a sample of 1,029 students of a public senior high school in Okinawa. The percentage of smokers was 40.0% for males and 10.6% for females, and it was significantly higher for males than females. As a result of multivariate analysis, we identified four significant risk factors; peer smoking, attitude of peer toward subject smoking, intention to smoke at the age 20, and alcohol drinking. The number of these risk factors was linearly associated with increased percentage of smokers, and a linear trend was significant for both gender students. Additionally, magnitude of risk for smoking among females became considerably great compared with those of males as the number of risk factors increased. In conclusion, this study was the first study in Japan to indicate a significant dose-response relationship between the number of risk factors and smoking status among high school students. We also found that females with many risk factors had extremely increased vulnerability to smoking compared to male counterpart. These findings may be useful to identify high-risk students who need more intensive smoking prevention programs and to develop the content of effective interventions.  相似文献   

12.
BACKGROUND: This study examined how older smoking peers at school and the smoking behaviour of friends and family members are related to youth smoking. METHODS: Multi-level logistic regression analysis was used to examine correlates of ever smoking in a sample of 4286 grade 6 and 7 students from 57 elementary schools in Ontario, Canada (2001). RESULTS: Each 1% increase in the smoking rate among grade 8 students increased the odds that a student in grades 6 or 7 was an ever smoker versus never smoker [OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.08]. A low-risk student (no family or friends who smoke) was almost three times more likely to try smoking if he/she attended an elementary school with a relatively high prevalence of senior students who smoke than if he/she attended a school with a low prevalence of senior students who smoke. CONCLUSION: Low-risk grade 6 and 7 students are at significantly greater risk of smoking if they attend an elementary school with a relatively high prevalence of smoking among senior students. Prevention programs should target both at-risk schools and at-risk students.  相似文献   

13.
A cross-sectional survey research design measured factors related to cigarette use among 2,212 senior high school students. Results showed 14.3% of the sample smoked cigarettes at least occasionally, with 5.3% reporting they were daily smokers. About 12.8% indicated they were ex-smokers. Males and females smoked at almost equal rates, and the percentage of 10th grade student smokers was slightly higher (16.4%) than the percentage of juniors and seniors who smoked. Approximately 22% of Hispanic students, 15% of Caucasian students, and 4.5% of African-American students reported smoking cigarettes at least occasionally. An initial regression analysis used 21 variables to predict cigarette smoking. A more parsimonious regression model (R2 = .28), using variables from the initial regression analysis with significance levels of .01 or less, indicated the most important predictors of cigarette use were ethnic group, attitude toward females who smoke, close friends' use of cigarettes, personal use of marijuana, best friend's use of cigarettes, personal use of alcohol, and school self-esteem. Implications for school health programs are addressed.  相似文献   

14.
[目的]了解中小学生的急救知识水平,以便给相关部门日后的工作提供有力的参考依据。[方法]2011年6月,在湛江市城区抽取部分中小学生进行调查。[结果]调查818名中小学生,认为急救知识非常重要的占82.03%,参加过急救培训相关活动的占18.82%,非常需要系统急救知识培训的占46.09%;知道对脊椎外伤如何正确摆放体位的占11.49%,知道什么是心肺复苏术的占8.07%。[结论]中小学生的急救知识知晓率普遍不高,急救能力欠缺。  相似文献   

15.
目的了解北京市怀柔区中学生吸烟、饮酒、成瘾类药物滥用、网络成瘾等行为流行现状。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法调查普通初中2所,重点初中、普通高中、重点高中、职业高中和技校各1所,共7所学校学生1716人,自填问卷。结果有22.5%的学生尝试吸烟,18.2%的学生现在吸烟;55.4%的学生尝试饮酒,14.0%的学生曾经醉酒;0.9%的学生使用过毒品,6.3%的学生使用过镇静催眠类药物;5.1%的学生网络成瘾;22.3%的学生参加过带有赌博的娱乐活动。结论怀柔区中学生中发生吸烟、饮酒、使用镇静催眠类药物、网络成瘾和参加带有赌博的娱乐活动等情况不容忽视。成瘾行为与学习成绩、学校类型、心理因素(孤独、失眠、抑郁)及肥胖易感环境有关。应根据中学生成瘾行为相关因素的特点,进行有针对性的健康教育,减少成瘾行为对中学生健康的危害。  相似文献   

16.
[目的]了解青岛市医院工作人员吸烟状况与控烟相关知识知晓情况,为进一步开展无烟医院的创建提供科学依据。[方法]2010年6~8月,对青岛市5所市级医院的员工进行问卷调查。[结果]调查1 970人中,现在吸烟的占9.34%,原来吸烟已戒烟的占2.84%,从不吸烟的占87.82%。现在吸烟率,男性为27.31%,女性为0.31%(P<0.01);临床人员为8.99%,非临床人员为10.57%(P<0.01);<30岁的为1.60%,30~45岁为8.73%,>45岁为19.25%(P<0.01);高中及以下学历者为9.55%,大学、专科学历者为8.30%,研究生及以上学历者为11.65%(P<0.01)。调查者中,96.35%、79.54%、81.93%、96.19%的人认为吸烟会导致严重疾病、会导致中风、会导致心脏病、会导致肺癌;认为本单位不应允许室内吸烟的占95.93%,95%以上认为医院、公共交通工具、学校、工作场所、大学室内不应该吸烟,84.87%和79.34%认为饭店和咖啡吧、酒吧室内不应该吸烟。[结论]青岛市市属医院工作人员现在吸烟率不高,控烟相关知识知晓率较高。无烟医院今后的工作重点,除了做好医务人员的教育外,行政和后勤人员的教育同样重要。  相似文献   

17.
目的了解江西省公共场所吸烟状况,以及成年人和青少年吸烟和被动吸烟状况,为制定被动吸烟控烟对策提供依据。方法采用现场观察法对南昌市、景德镇市和井冈山市共44个公共场所吸烟状况进行调查,对600名成年人和800名学生进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括吸烟和被动吸烟情况、吸烟相关知识和态度、学校开展控烟健康教育状况等。结果公共场所控烟标识率为65.9%,吸烟发现率为37.1%,吸烟劝阻率为8.2%,交通工具等候室地面烟头数量较多,吸烟者较多。成年人吸烟率为32.7%,其中男性为61.8%,女性为2.4%,分别有76.0%、86.7%和64.8%的成年人在家庭、室内娱乐场所和室内工作场所中存在吸烟情况。学生尝试吸烟率为27.8%,其中男生为40.9%,女生为11.7%,分别有66.6%和20.5%在调查前7天内遭受过和每天遭受被动吸烟的危害,学校控烟健康教育活动开设率较低。结论江西省城市公共场所禁烟实施情况不理想,青少年和成年人被动吸烟情况严蕈。  相似文献   

18.
河北省大中小学生被动吸烟状况调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的了解河北省大中小学生被动吸烟状况。方法通过问卷调查的方式调查河北省3个城市大学、高中、初中及小学4年级以上8所学校的学生。结果共调查9~25岁大中小学生818名,被动吸烟率为56.8%,小学生、初中生、高中生、大学生分别为50、7%、52.0%、70.3%和63.0%(P〈0.01),男生为63.3%,高于女生50.9%(P〈0.01);家长、老师及朋友吸烟的学生被动吸烟率较高;465名被动吸烟的学生接触二手烟的场所为70.5%在家中、75.7%在家外;81.5%的学生认为被动吸烟有害健康,51.5%的学生赞同禁止在公共场所吸烟,67.6%的学生反对他人当着自己的面吸烟。结论河北省大中小学生大多数都遭受二手烟的侵害,应加强学校、社区控烟健康教育、禁止在公共场所吸烟等控烟干预活动,减少二手烟的危害。  相似文献   

19.
北京市丰台区1182名医务人员吸烟及控烟情况调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的了解丰台区医务人员吸烟及控烟情况,为下一步开展医院控烟工作提供基础资料。方法采用分层抽样的方法抽取北京市丰台区一、二、三级医院各2家,再在被抽中的医院中以系统抽样的方式抽取1182名医务人员进行问卷调查。调查内容包括一般情况、吸烟和戒烟情况、医院控烟情况。结果男性吸烟率为41.8%,女性吸烟率为0.8%,男性高于女性(P〈0.01)。男性中,医生的吸烟率为31.5%,后勤人员吸烟率为75.6%。不同文化程度者吸烟率不同,中专及以下者吸烟率最高,平均为13.6%,其中男性为69.2%,女性为1.7%。在吸烟者中,有54.0%的人曾经戒过烟,戒烟失败的主要原因为缺乏意志力,占50.0%。36.0%的医务人员不知道该如何戒烟,只有23.7%知道“五日戒烟法”,3.8%知道“安非他酮是尼古丁替代品”。结论男性医务人员吸烟率高,控烟知识和技能较差,临床医务人员的控烟工作还面临着巨大挑战。  相似文献   

20.
BACKGROUND: Most smokers in developing countries begin smoking before age 18, and smoking prevalence is rising among adolescents. School personnel represent a target group for tobacco‐control efforts because they interact daily with students, are role models for students, teach about tobacco‐use prevention in school curricula, and implement school tobacco‐control policies. The prevalence of teenage smoking has been examined in numerous studies, but few have focused on the influence of school personnel and the characteristics of school personnel who enforce school nonsmoking policy. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with junior high school personnel advising students to quit smoking. METHODS: School personnel (N = 7129) were recruited by cluster sampling from 60 junior high schools in Taiwan; of these, 5280 voluntarily returned self‐administered, anonymous questionnaires (response rate = 74.06%) in 2004. RESULTS: Most personnel (70%) had advised students to quit smoking. School personnel who were older, male, responsible for teaching health, smokers, with positive attitude against tobacco, or with more knowledge of tobacco hazards were more likely to advise students to quit smoking. Personnel with more interest in and access to tobacco‐related materials were more likely to advise students to quit smoking. Personnel who had received tobacco‐prevention training were 2.41 times more likely to persuade students to quit smoking after adjusting for other factors. However, only half of the participants had ever had access to educational materials about tobacco use, and 8% had ever received training to prevent tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS: To reduce youth smoking prevalence, school tobacco‐control programs should support tobacco‐prevention training for school personnel.  相似文献   

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