3例60Co源辐射事故病人受照生物剂量(微核法)估算

目的：用胞质分裂阻滞微核法（CBMN）对河南“4.26”^60Co源辐射事故中3例受照者进行生物剂量估算,方法：照后10d取血培养,0.3ml全血加入到4ml培养基中,37℃培养44h加松胞素B素终常浓度为6mg.L^-1,继续教育28h收获制片,CBMN以千分数表示,结果：根据照后10dCBMN频率估算受照者“梅”,“天”和“旺”的生物学剂量分别为5．45Gy,2.84Gy t 2.78Gy,该剂量与染色体双＋环及物理剂量相近,与临床放射损伤的诊断也相符合,结论：在放射事故中检测CBMN可作为生物剂量计。     

胞质分裂阻滞微核法对辐射事故受照射人员的生物剂量估算

目的 探讨胞质分裂阻滞微核(CBMN)分析在估算辐射事故受照射者的生物剂量中的应用价值.方法 2008年山西太原辐射事故发生后16 h收集5名受照射者(1、2、3、4和5号)的外周血及I号的骨髓,进行CBMN分析,以微核(MN)频率估算生物剂量.对较严重的受照射者(1号)结合体外"co 1射线大剂量照射实验获得的核分裂...     

河南“4.26”~(60)Co源辐射事故受照者的生物剂量(染色体畸变)估算

目的　用染色体畸变分析方法对河南“4 2 6”6 0 Co辐射事故 7例受照者 ,进行了早期生物剂量估算。方法　照后 4～ 5d取血培养 ,分析第一次有丝分裂细胞“双 环”畸变率 ,并由此估算生物剂量。用“双 环”畸变在细胞间的泊松分布情况 ,检验照射的均匀性。结果　 7例受照者依据“双 环”畸变率估算的个体辐射剂量分别为 5 0 9Gy(梅 )、2 6 1Gy(天 )、2 49Gy(旺 )、0 89Gy(勇 )、0 70Gy(民 )、0 5 8Gy(义 )和 0 0 8Gy(宇 ) ,与用物理方法测定的剂量比较接近 ,亦与放射损伤的临床诊断完全吻合。泊松分布检验证实 ,“梅”和“旺”双 环畸变偏离泊松分布 ,其余 5例符合泊松分布。结论　染色体畸变分析是非常可靠的生物剂量估算方法。“梅”和“旺”受到不均照射 ,其他 5例受到比较均匀的照射。     

河南“4.26”~(60)Co源辐射事故受照人员剂量的

目的　估算河南“4 2 6”6 0 Co源辐射事故中 6名受照人员的物理剂量。方法　确立各受照人员的受照模式 ;模拟测量辐射场的照射量率分布 ;使用组织等效拟人体模 ,对“梅”(女 )、“旺”(8岁男童 )和“天”的主要受照 ,进行剂量模拟测量 ;对“勇”、“民”、“义”的受照和“天”的部分受照 ,采用组织 空气比的方法估算他们的剂量。结果　给出“梅”和“旺”的 19个主要器官和组织剂量 ,“梅”、“旺”和“天”的全身平均剂量分别为 6 1Gy、3 4Gy和 2 4Gy;造血干细胞活存计权等效剂量分别为 5 0Gy、2 6Gy和 2 3Gy。“勇”、“民”和“义”全身平均剂量分别为 1 1Gy、0 9Gy和 0 7Gy ;造血干细胞存活计权等效剂量分别为 1 0Gy、0 9Gy和 0 8Gy。结论　给出的物理剂量估算结果与用生物学方法估算的剂量结果 ,以及受照者的临床检验和辐射损伤症状程度相一致 ,为临床诊治和剂量与效应的研究提供了可靠的剂量学数据资料。     

山东济宁辐射事故受照人员生物剂量估算及彗星电泳检测分析

目的探索特大剂量照射后外周血和骨髓染色体培养方法，拟合6Gy以上大剂量照射染色体双着丝点＋环剂量-效应曲线，对山东济宁“10．21”事故受照者进行准确生物剂量估算和DNA损伤检测。方法采集2例受照者外周血和骨髓细胞，制备染色体标本，计数双（多）着丝点＋环数目；用正常离体人血拟合6～22Gy双＋环剂量效应曲线及数学方程；对2例事故受照者进行生物剂量估算。用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳方法检测受照者外周血DNA损伤。结果B的外周血染色体双＋环平均数为4．47个／细胞；A的外周血培养无分裂细胞，骨髓染色体双＋环平均数为9．15个／细胞。用6—22Gy剂量效应方程估算全身平均受照剂量，B为9．4Gy，A为19．5Gy。单细胞凝胶电泳可见2例受照者的多数彗星细胞呈小头大尾形状。结论用新建立的6～22Gy染色体畸变剂量效应曲线估算2例受照者的生物剂量，已分别达到极重度骨髓型放射病和肠型放射病水平。     

一例轻度骨髓型急性放射病和两例过量受照者临床报告

本文作者报道河南“4 2 6”6 0 Ｃｏ源放射事故中受照剂量大于 0 5Ｇｙ、小于 1 5Ｇｙ患者的临床观察资料。 3例受照者分别为“勇”、“民”和“义”。一、剂量估算 :见表 1。二、临床资料1 “勇” ,男 ,31岁。照后 2 4ｈ出现头晕、乏力、嗜睡、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐 1次。照后 2ｄ将不锈钢棒重新装入铅罐后 ,仍感头晕、乏力恶心、未呕吐。照后 5ｄ入院时查眼结膜表 1　 3例受照者基本情况及受照剂量估算受照者性别 年龄(岁 )物理剂量估算 (Ｇｙ)生物剂量估算 (Ｇｙ)染色体畸变分析ＣＢＭＮ“勇”男 311 10 89(0 6 6 -1 0 9) 0 89(0 72…     

南京“5.7” 192Ir源放射事故患者的生物剂量估算

目的 用3种方法估算南京"5.7" ¹⁹²Ir源放射事故患者的生物剂量,为核与辐射事故受照者的临床救治提供剂量资料。方法 受照后第5天采集患者外周血,分别进行外周血淋巴细胞染色体"双着丝粒+环"("dic+r")畸变分析、胞质分裂阻滞微核(CBMN)分析、核质桥(NPB +FHC)分析,并估算生物剂量。用双着丝粒畸变在细胞间的泊松分布情况检验照射的均匀性。结果3种方法估算的该患者受到的一次全身等效剂量分别为"dic+r"畸变分析1.51 Gy (95% CI 1.40~1.61),CBMN 分析1.47 Gy (95% CI 1.36~1.60),NPB+FHC分析1.30 Gy(95% CI 1.00~1.60)。泊松分布检验结果显示,该患者"dic+r"畸变偏离泊松分布,受到了不均匀照射。结论 外周血淋巴细胞染色体"dic+r"畸变分析、CBMN分析、NPB+FHC分析均是有效的生物剂量估算手段,对本例急性局部不均匀照射患者估算的一次全身等效剂量与临床诊断结果相符。     

吉林192Ir源放射事故病人受照生物剂量(微核法)的估算

吉林１９２Ｉｒ源放射事故病人受照生物剂量（微核法）的估算蒋本荣姚波卢淑娟本文用胞浆分裂阻滞微核法（ＣＢＭＮ法），对吉林１９２Ｉｒ源辐射事故中１例受照者进行了生物剂量估算，结果与物理剂量、染色体畸变剂量及临床诊断完全一致，现将结果报告如下。１材料和方法...     

胞浆分裂阻滞微核法对山东"10·21"辐射事故病人受照射剂量的估算

目的 对山东"10·21"辐射事故中2例严重受照射者进行淋巴细胞微核(MN)检测,并估算受照射剂量.方法 用胞浆分裂阻滞微核(CBMN)法对2例患者(A和B)的外周血和骨髓样本分别进行MN检测.结果 2例患者的外周血培养均未见双核淋巴细胞.患者A的骨髓培养所获双核细胞极少,依据双核淋巴细胞多少粗估剂量＞20Gy.患者B的骨髓MN率为2.42个/细胞,剂量估计为8.7(8.0～9.4)Gy,与用染色体畸变分析、物理方法及ESR法所估算剂量接近,与临床表现基本一致.结论 MN法简便快速,结果准确,是除染色体畸变分析之外又一种可靠的生物剂量计.     

南京“5.7” 192Ir放射事故患者三种生物剂量估算指标的衰变规律探讨

目的 观察南京"5.7" ¹⁹²Ir放射事故患者受照后不同采血时间对生物剂量估算的影响,探讨3种生物剂量估算指标在体内的自然衰减规律。方法 事故后5、40和280 d,采集患者的外周血,分别进行外周血淋巴细胞染色体"双着丝粒+环"("dic+r")畸变分析、胞质分裂阻滞微核(CBMN)分析、核质桥+融合+马蹄形+环(NPB +FHC)分析。观察受照后不同时间染色体"dic+r"畸变、微核、NPB +FHC衰变情况及对生物剂量估算结果的影响。结果 与事故后5 d的估算剂量相比,在40和280 d,染色体"dic+r"畸变分析估算的剂量分别下降34%和49%, CBMN的估算结果分别下降48%和79%,NPB +FHC的估算结果分别下降48%和75%。结论 本例事故患者受照后3种生物剂量估算指标在体内呈进行性下降,染色体"dic+r"/细胞的半衰期为40 d,3个指标在40 d时剂量估算结果与5 d时比较,相对偏差 > 20%。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.