中老年患者心血管病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性分析

目的 探讨心血管病危险因素与冠状动脉(冠脉)病变严重程度的相关性. 方法入选2008年10月至2009年12月在山东大学齐鲁医院行冠脉造影术的病例728例,收集其性别、年龄、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、总胆红素(TBIL)、血脂、尿酸等临床资料.同时收集患者冠脉造影结果,以美国心脏病学会和美国心脏协会(ACC/AHA)评分法计算冠脉病变积分,以冠脉病变积分及是否诊断为冠心病评价其冠状动脉病变程度.统计学处理采用多因素回归分析. 结果多因素回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄、高血压、糖尿病,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇这5个危险因素是影响冠脉病变积分主要的危险因素,也是冠心病的主要危险因素;其中糖尿病是冠脉病变程度最重要的可控危险因素(OR=3.1179 P=0.005).相关分析显示低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、体质指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、尿酸、TBIL与冠脉病变程度存在相关性,但并未进入回归方程,在本研究中并为冠脉病变程度主要影响因素. 结论男性、年龄、高血压、糖尿病、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇是冠脉病变严重程度的主要危险因素,且对于血脂水平较低的中国人有更好的预测价值.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Methods Seven hundred and twenty eight patients who underwent coronary angiography were selected from Qilu Hospital from October 2008 to December 2009. The clinical data about cardiovascular risk factors including age, gender, hypertension, smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, high uric acid level, low total bilirubin level, and coronary angiography results were collected. The severity and extent of coronary stenosis was evaluated by ACC/AHA coronary scoring system and CHD was diagnosed by angiography. Analyses were achieved by multiple regression analysis. Results Multiple regression analysis showed that age, gender, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C were prominent predictors of severity and extent of coronary heart disease. DM was the primary controllable risk factor of CHD (OR=3. 1179, P=0. 005). Conclusions The age, gender,hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL-C are correlated with angiographic severity and extent of CHD. Consequently, controlling these five risk factors is important in the intervention and prevention of CHD.     

青年冠心病患者心血管病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性分析

目的 探讨青年冠心病患者心血管疾病危险因素与冠状动脉（冠脉）造影病变程度相关性.方法 疑似青年冠心病患者（≤45岁）行冠脉造影住院病例91例,经冠脉造影确诊冠心病患者67例,排除冠心病患者24例.冠脉造影病变程度由病变支数和病变Gensini总积分表示.危险因素包括性别、高血压病、吸烟、饮酒、2型糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖.采用单因素和多因素分析.结果 （1）单因素分析显示,在病变程度不同的各组间比较,随各组中存在单个危险因素病例百分率的增加,冠脉造影病变支数和病变Gensini总积分随之增加.（2）多因素Logistic回归分析（前进法）显示,高LDL-C为冠脉造影诊断冠心病最显著的独立相关危险因素,其他危险因素依次为男性、吸烟、高血压病、2型糖尿病、低HDL-C、肥胖和饮酒.结论 高LDL-C是冠脉造影诊断冠心病最显著的独立相关危险因素,但其他危险因素如男性、吸烟、饮酒、2型糖尿病、低HDL-C、高血压病和肥胖亦不可忽视,各危险因素在不同性别中危险程度有所不同.     

血脂异常与心血管病危险因素控制

众所周知 ,血脂异常是引起糖尿病、心脑血管病死亡的首要危险因素。纠正血脂异常对心血管病危险因素控制有极为重要的意义。一、血脂异常的概念与类型(一 )血脂异常的概念血脂异常是血液脂质代谢异常的简称 ,它主要指血中总胆固醇 (ＴＣ)和甘油三酯 (ＴＧ)水平过高 ,以及血中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (ＨＤＬ Ｃ)水平过低。血脂异常是一个非常复杂的问题。血脂的主要成份为ＴＣ、ＴＧ、磷脂及游离脂肪酸。这些成份在血液中都与蛋白质结合成各种颗粒大小及密度不同的脂蛋白。在生理与病理条件下各种脂蛋白又有各自不同的代谢途径 ,起着各种生理或…     

老年冠心病患者的特点和危险因素临床研究

目的：探讨老年冠心病患者的心血管病变特点及相关危险因素。方法：2012年1月～2013年1月我院冠脉造影确诊的130例冠心病患者,被分为老年组（68例,≥60岁）和中年组（62例,＜60岁）。探讨老年冠心病的特点,同时采用 Logistic 回归分析对冠心病的危险因素进行筛选。结果：老年组的冠脉病变≥2支病变者占85.3％,显著高于中年组的48.4％（P＜0.01）。通过 Logistic回归分析得出：年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常升高为老年冠心病的独立危险因素（OR＝1.268～2.956,P 均＜0.01）。其中性别为最明显独立相关因素（OR＝2.935,P＜0.001）。结论：老年冠心病患者以冠状动脉多支病变为主,年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常升高为老年冠心病的独立危险因素。     

预防心血管疾病的新策略——综合控制多重危险因素

第六届岭南心血管病学术研讨会及国际心血管病论坛学习班于 2 0 0 4年 3月 18日～ 3月 2 2日在广东大厦举行。来自广东、广西、湖南、海南及其中南各省、市、自治区从事心血管疾病专业人员共 10 0 0余人参加。会议邀请了国内外著名的心脏病专家 10余人进行了专题讲座 ,深得听众好评。本刊特将部分专家讲稿汇集刊登 ,以满足广大读者要求。刊登文章内容的长短 ,别无提示内容重要与否 ,主要是依作者来稿文字长短     

青年与老年冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉造影比较分析

目的 :研究青年冠心病 (CHD)的危险因素 ,冠状动脉病变特点与老年CHD的区别。方法 :对青年 (≤ 4 5岁 )CHD179例和老年 (≥ 6 0岁 )CHD14 0例 ,青年非CHD10 9例的临床及冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析和比较。结果 :青年CHD组吸烟、男性、血脂异常、心血管病家族史及大量饮酒明显多于老年组 (P <0 . 0 1或P <0 . 0 5 ) ,青年CHD组冠状动脉单支病变多 (P <0 . 0 5 ) ,老年组多支病变多 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,侧支循环多见于老年组。结论 :吸烟、男性、家族史、血脂异常及大量饮酒是青年CHD发病的重要因素 ,与超重也有关系。强调青年CHD的早期防治在于戒烟、限酒和控制体重     

我国心血管病及其危险因素近年演变趋势

近20年来,随着我国经济的迅速发展和开放政策的推行,人民生活水平提高,生活方式和饮食习惯在各地区发生了不同程度的改变,有可能对心血管病危险因素起到不利作用。在这20年内,我国心血管病流行病学和人群预防研究有较大发展,并且提供了许多有用的资料。本研究目的在于分析成人主要心血管病,即高血压、脑卒中、冠心病及其危险因素近10～20年在我国的演变趋势,以估计其对公共卫生的影响,并为今后预防策略提供科学依据。一、冠心病、脑卒中死亡率与发病率冠心病通常以急性心肌梗塞(致死与非致死性)、冠心病猝死(包括极少数抢救存活的心脏骤停)…     

230例老年冠状动脉病变与冠心病危险因素分析

目的探讨老年冠脉造影患者血糖、血压、吸烟史、年龄、性别等心血管危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法对长海医院2007年6月至2008年6月230例疑似冠心病而行冠状动脉造影的老年患者,采集病历数据,包括性别、年龄、体质指数、腰臀比、吸烟、高血压病、收缩压、舒张压、2型糖尿病病史;测定肝功：天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、r-GT、血脂,肾功能：肌酐（Cr）、尿素氮fBUN）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素等生化指标。以SPSS12．0软件系统进行统计,两组配对t检验进行组间比较,多组均数进行ANOVA方差分析,对不符合正态分布者采用非参数检验比较各组差异。计数资料采用χ^2检验。采用多元线性回归进行多因素分析,探讨老年患者心血管危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。结果冠状动脉病变组（AS组）年龄较无病变组（C组）大,且男性多于女性;高血压发病率AS组较C组高,血AST、r-GT、空腹血糖亦高于造影阴性对照组（P〈0．05）。但两组中体重指数、腰臀比、收缩压、舒张压、糖尿病患病率、吸烟率、血脂、糖化血红蛋白、肌酐等水平差异均无统计学意义。按冠脉病变程度分为四组后发现,随着冠脉病变程度的加重,AST、总胆固醇（TC）、FBG水平均有所升高。但多元线性回归分析显示：冠脉病变程度与TC、AST、r-GT呈线性相关,与空腹血糖无明显相关。结论年龄、性别是老年冠心病不可控制的危险因素,随着年龄的增加,老年冠心病发病率增高。老年冠心病发病率在性别上的差异可能与女性雌激素的代谢效应有关。在其他危险因素中,空腹血糖升高、高血压、肝酶升高、血脂在老年冠心病发病中发挥重要作用。     

河北省任丘市老年居民颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素分析

目的调查任丘市老年城乡居民颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)患病情况,分析其危险因素。方法随机整群抽样法选择任丘市常住居民5010例,男性2163例,女性2847例,进行面对面健康问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测和颈部血管超声检查。CAS包括颈动脉狭窄和斑块形成。分析CAS的危险因素。结果 5010例调查者中,颈动脉正常567例,内膜中层厚度增厚1671例,颈动脉斑块形成2490例,颈动脉狭窄282例。CAS多因素logistic回归分析提示:校正混杂因素后,男性(OR=3.405,95%CI:2.704⁴.289,P<0.01)、年龄(OR=1.142,95%CI:1.1034.289,P<0.01)、年龄(OR=1.142,95%CI:1.103¹.181,P<0.01)、脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(OR=1.910,95%CI:1.3421.181,P<0.01)、脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(OR=1.910,95%CI:1.342².718,P<0.01)、吸烟(OR=1.799;95%CI:1.4292.718,P<0.01)、吸烟(OR=1.799;95%CI:1.429².264;P<0.01)、使用抗血小板药物(OR=1.313,95%CI:1.0682.264;P<0.01)、使用抗血小板药物(OR=1.313,95%CI:1.068¹.615,P<0.05)、收缩压(OR=1.011,95%CI:1.0071.615,P<0.05)、收缩压(OR=1.011,95%CI:1.007¹.015,P<0.01)、空腹血糖(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.0621.015,P<0.01)、空腹血糖(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.062¹.248,P<0.01)、LDL-C(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.7641.248,P<0.01)、LDL-C(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.764².354,P<0.01)、HDL-C(OR=0.787,95%CI:0.6382.354,P<0.01)、HDL-C(OR=0.787,95%CI:0.638⁰.971,P<0.05)为CAS的独立危险因素。结论任丘市600.971,P<0.05)为CAS的独立危险因素。结论任丘市60⁷0岁人群CAS的患病率高,收缩压、血糖、LDL-C、吸烟是CAS重要的可干预的危险因素,有效控制血压、血糖、血脂,积极推进戒烟运动,延缓CAS病变,可进一步减少心脑血管病的发生。     

影响女性心血管病控制及预防的因素

<正>国内外研究表明,女性心血管病有其特殊性,无论在病理生理、临床表现及治疗效果上,女性与男性之间都存在着明显的差异。美国心脏病协会于2011年2月再次修订和发布了"2011年女性心血管病预防指南"(以下简称新指南),该新指南将"循证为基础"转化为"效果为基础",更加关注预防治疗的有效性。我国女性占全世界35亿女性总数的五分之一,随着我国人口老龄化日益严重,老年女性心血管病造成的负担也进一步加重。我们旨在希望医务人员关     

老年2型糖尿病患者合并心脑血管疾病的危险因素分析

目的　探讨老年 2型糖尿病 (diabetesmellitus ,DM)患者心脑血管病变的特点及相关危险因素。方法　通过回顾性分析方法 ,将 2 12例老年 2型DM患者分为心脑血管病变组 (病变组 )和无血管病变组 (无病变组 )各 10 6例。病变组含缺血性心脏病 (ischemicheartdisease ,IHD)患者组 72例和 (或 )脑血管病变 (cerebrovasculardisease,CVD)患者 5 0例。其中 ,两者并存者 16例。对两组间患者的临床数据进行比较及回归分析。结果　病变组的年龄、高血压患病比率、DM病程、尿微量白蛋白排泄率异常比无病变组明显增高 ;各亚组与无病变组的比较也有相似的趋势。回归分析显示 ,年龄、高血压是老年 2型DM患者总的心脑血管病变的独立危险因素 ,同时也分别是IHD和CVD的独立危险因素 ;另外 ,高甘油三酯血症与病变组和IHD分别独立相关 ;吸烟史是IHD的独立危险因素。结论　对于老年2型DM患者 ,除了年龄、高血压外 ,高甘油三酯血症是心脑血管病变的独立危险因子     

Risk-factor clustering and cardiovascular disease risk in hypertensive patients

BACKGROUND: Patients with hypertension often have other major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Little is known, however, about the extent of risk-factor clustering in these patients and its importance in CVD risk and medical-care costs. METHODS: Study subjects were selected from the electronic medical records system of Kaiser Permanente Northwest, a large health maintenance organization, and included all patients aged > or =35 years with hypertension who were free of CVD in 1998. Subjects were stratified into eight risk-factor clusters based on whether or not they also had diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or a high body mass index (BMI). The risk of cardiovascular events was examined in each cluster over 6 years beginning January 1, 1999, using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards models. Cumulative total medical-care costs (per patient) over 6 years also were examined. RESULTS: A total of 57,573 patients with hypertension who were free of CVD in 1998 were identified; 56% of subjects also had diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or high BMI. In analyses controlling for age, sex, and smoking status, the relative risk of cardiovascular events over 6 years was highest for patients with comorbid diabetes, ranging from 2.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.86-2.30) for those with diabetes only to 2.80 (95% confidence interval, 2.48-3.17) for those with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and high BMI. Cumulative medical-care costs generally increased with additional risk factors. Comorbid diabetes had the greatest impact on costs over 6 years. CONCLUSIONS: More than 50% of patients with hypertension also had diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or high BMI. Patients with these additional risk factors (especially diabetes) had a substantially higher CVD risk and medical-care costs.     

不同性别老年冠心病冠状动脉旁路移植术患者代谢性危险因素特征

目的探讨不同性别行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)治疗的老年冠心病患者代谢性危险因素特征。方法选择老年冠心病CABG患者398例,分为男性组272例,女性组126例,比较2组患者的代谢性危险因素特征。结果女性组体重指数、收缩压、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C和TG均高于男性组(P=0.003,P=0.000),血尿酸水平低于男性组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。2组的年龄、舒张压、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女性组血脂异常的比例高于男性组,吸烟的比例低于男性组(P=0.000),2组高血压、糖尿病和多支血管病变的比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年女性冠心病CABG患者的血脂异常和收缩压升高更为严重,吸烟比例和血尿酸水平低。     

无创臂踝脉搏波速度在心血管疾病及其危险因素分析中的应用

无创臂踝脉搏波速度(baPWV)作为反映动脉硬化的指标,已广泛应用于临床。目前,由于国内相关baPWV的流行病学资料较为缺乏,现有资料差异较大。本文就baPWV在心血管疾病及其危险因素分析中的应用作一综述,为临床提供参考。     

心血管高危患者踝臂指数与血尿酸水平的相关性分析

目的探讨心血管高危患者踝臂指数与血尿酸水平的相关性。方法选取高血压和(或)糖尿病患者363例,将单纯原发性高血压189例作为高血压组、原发性高血压合并2型糖尿病123例作为合并组和单纯2型糖尿病51例作为糖尿病组,均常规治疗,检测患者踝臂指数(ABI)、血尿酸和其他心血管疾病危险因素,并应用偏相关分析血尿酸、ABI与其他临床指标相关性。结果 3组收缩压、舒张压、TG、HDL-C、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压组和糖尿病组ABI高于合并组(1.12±0.09和1.11±0.07 vs 0.93±0.11,P=0.012)。校正高血压、糖尿病病史、年龄、性别、体质量指数、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、HbA1c、收缩压、舒张压等的影响因素后,ABI与血尿酸呈负相关(r=-0.235,P=0.012)。结论心血管高危患者的ABI与血尿酸可能存在相关性。     

Levels of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus are dependent on the stage of proteinuria.

Levels of cardiovascular risk factors were determined in 75 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were divided into three groups according to their urinary protein excretion (UPE): (a) normal proteinuria (less than or equal to 70 mg d-1); (b) microproteinuria (70-500 mg d-1); and (c) macroproteinuria (greater than 500 mg d-1). A significant stepwise increase in mean systolic blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol and fibrinogen levels was observed from the first to the third investigated group of patients. Mean apoprotein B levels were significantly increased in the group with macroproteinuria compared to the other two groups. Significant linear correlations were found between UPE and LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, apoprotein B, creatinine, systolic blood pressure and diabetes duration. In summary, it is concluded that the levels of some cardiovascular risk factors increase with the stage of proteinuria in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.     

内源分泌型高级糖基化终末产物受体与冠心病危险因素对动脉弹性的影响

目的探讨冠心病患者内源分泌型高级糖基化终末产物受体(esRAGE)与冠心病危险因素对动脉弹性的影响。方法选择180例冠心病患者,检测颈-股动脉脉搏波传导速度(cf-PWV)、肱-踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(ba-PWV)和血esRAGE,分析与冠心病相关的危险因素。结果与未合并高血压、糖尿病、腰围正常和≤3个异常代谢组分患者比较,合并高血压、糖尿病、腰围异常和3个异常代谢组分患者的cf-PWV、ba-PWV明显增高,血esRAGE降低(P0.05)。log cf-PWV与年龄、收缩压、舒张压、稳态模式评估法胰岛素抵抗指数呈正相关,与esRAGE呈负相关(P0.05)。ba-PWV与年龄、收缩压、舒张压呈正相关,与esRAGE呈负相关(P0.05)。log cf-PWV与年龄、收缩压、esRAGE独立相关;ba-PWV与年龄、收缩压独立相关。结论合并危险因素的冠心病患者的动脉弹性功能明显减低,冠心病患者esRAGE水平下降在动脉弹性减低方面起着重要作用。     

The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on the site and extent of coronary artery disease

Background: In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the site and extent of coronary artery involvement in terms of proximal versus distal stenosis and multi- versus single-vessel disease have a crucial effect on patients' outcome. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and the site and extent of coronary artery involvement. Methods: In this study of patients who had undergone coronary angiography in our hospital, 125 with proximal lesions were enrolled as the case group (group 1) and an equal age- and gender-matched number of patients with non-proximal lesions were selected as the control group (group 2). The two groups were compared based on the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypertension (HTN) and cigarette smoking. Results: The frequency of DM was 33.6 and 10.4% in the case and control groups, respectively, which was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). However, the frequency of hypercholesterolaemia in the case and control groups was 30.4 and 29.6% (p = 0.89), respectively; for hypertriglyceridaemia it was 19.2 and 16.8% (p = 0.062), respectively; for HTN it was 33.6 and 28.8% (p = 0.4), respectively; and for cigarette smoking it was 28.8 and 39.2% (p = 0.08), respectively, which were not statistically significant. Diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics had more multi-vessel disease (89.1 vs 61%, p < 0.0001, respectively), which was statistically significant. There was no relationship between hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, HTN and cigarette smoking and extent (multi-vessel involvement) of CAD (p = NS). Conclusion: Proximal and multi-vessel involvement of the coronary arteries in patients with CAD was related to a history of DM but not of hypercholesterolaemia, HTN, cigarette smoking and hypertiglyceridaemia.     

Screening cardiovascular risk factors of diabetes patients in the primary diabetes clinics

To evaluate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients from the primary diabetes clinics for further comprehensive intervention in China.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 primary diabetes chain hospitals in Beijing, Lanzhou, Harbin, Chengdu, and Taiyuan in continuous patients with type 2 diabetes from March 2016 to December 2019. The data collected at the first visit were analyzed, and proportions of patients reached the targets (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA₁c] < 7%, blood pressure < 130/80 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] < 2.6mmol/l) were calculated. The clinical characteristics and the associated factors with achievement in HbA₁c, blood pressure, and LDL-C targets were analyzed.A total of 20,412 participants, including 11,353 men (55.6%), with an average age of (59.4 ± 10.4) years were enrolled. Nearly 95% diabetes had one or more ASCVD risk factors other than hyperglycemia. The control rates of HbA₁c, blood pressure, and LDL-C were 26.5%, 27.8%, and 42.6%, respectively. Only 4.1% patients achieved all 3 targets. Nearly 95% patients had one or more ASCVD risk factors other than hyperglyciemia. Diabetes duration, family history, and overweight/obesity were associated with the number of aggregated ASCVD risk factors. The patients with older age, no overweight/obesity, not smoking, less ASCVD risk factors, and having special diabetes care insurance (Chengdu) were associated with a higher control rates.To deal with poor control status, global management of ASCVD risk factors, weight loss, and smoking cessation must be emphasized in the primary diabetes care settings. Special diabetes care insurance should be advocated.Current ClinicalTrial.gov protocol ID {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT03707379","term_id":"NCT03707379"}}NCT03707379. Date of Registration: October 16, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov.     

正常高值血压人群10年心血管病发病危险的分析

目的探讨中国35~64岁人群正常高值血压(采用2005年中国高血压指南新的定义)的分布特点、与其他心血管病危险因素的关系及10年心血管病发病危险。方法采用前瞻性队列研究,对1992年建立的11省市35~64岁队列研究共30 378人基线时血压水平、心血管病危险因素分布及10年发生心脑血管病事件(包括冠心病和脑卒中)危险关系进行分析。结果(1)中国35~64岁人群中正常高值血压的现患率为32.2%,其中男性为34.2%,女性为30.2%。(2)正常高值血压人群,收缩压和舒张压均在正常高值范围者最多(45.0%),其次为仅收缩压在正常高值范围者(34.9%),舒张压在正常高值者最少(20.1%)。(3)正常高值血压人群的心血管病危险因素平均水平高于正常血压人群。(4)调整年龄、性别和其他心血管病危险因素后,与正常血压者相比,基线血压在正常高值范围者10年冠心病事件的发病风险增加31%,脑卒中事件的发病风险增加49%,总心血管病事件的发病风险增加44%。结论正常高值血压者心血管病发病危险高于正常血压者,应加强正常高值血压人群高血压及心脑血管事件的早期防治。