共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Christoph Zilkens Falk R. Miese Clemens Crumbiegel Young-Jo Kim Monika Herten Gerald Antoch Rüdiger Krauspe Bernd Bittersohl 《Skeletal radiology》2013,42(5):699-705
Objective
To compare morphologically normal appearing cartilage in two age groups with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and correlate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with histology.Materials and methods
Twenty femoral head specimens collected from ten lambs (group I) and ten young adult sheep (group II) underwent dGEMRIC and histological assessment. A region of 2 cm2 with morphologically normal-appearing cartilage was marked with a surgical suture for subsequent matching of MRI and histological sections. The MRI protocol included a three-dimensional (3D) double-echo steady-state sequence for morphological cartilage assessment, a B1 pre-scan with various flip angles for B1 field heterogeneity correction, and 3D volumetric interpolated breathhold examination for T1Gd mapping (dGEMRIC). Histological analysis was performed according to the Mankin scoring system.Results
A total of 303 regions of interest (ROI; 101 MRI reformats matching 101 histological sections) was assessed. Twenty-six ROIs were excluded owing to morphologically apparent cartilage damage or insufficient MR image quality. Therefore, 277 ROIs were analyzed. Histological analyses revealed distinct degenerative changes in various cartilage samples of group II (young adult sheep). Corresponding T1Gd values were significantly lower in the group of sheep (mean T1Gd?=?540.4 ms) compared with the group of lambs (mean T1Gd?=?623.6 ms; p?<?0.001).Conclusions
Although morphologically normal, distinct cartilage degeneration may be present in young adult sheep cartilage. dGEMRIC can reveal these changes and may be a tool for the assessment of early cartilage degeneration. 相似文献2.
Buchbender C Scherer A Kröpil P Körbl B Quentin M Reichelt DCh Lanzman RS Mathys C Blondin D Bittersohl B Zilkens C Hofer M Wittsack HJ Schneider M Antoch G Ostendorf B Miese F 《Skeletal radiology》2012,41(6):685-692
Purpose
To prospectively evaluate four non-invasive markers of cartilage quality—T2* mapping, native T1 mapping, dGEMRIC and ΔR1—in healthy volunteers and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.Materials and methods
Cartilage of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints II were imaged in 28 consecutive subjects: 12 healthy volunteers [9 women, mean (SD) age 52.67 (9.75) years, range 30–66] and 16 RA patients with MCP II involvement [12 women, mean (SD) age 58.06 (12.88) years, range 35–76]. Sagittal T2* mapping was performed with a multi-echo gradient-echo on a 3?T MRI scanner. For T1 mapping the dual flip angle method was applied prior to native T1 mapping and 40?min after gadolinium application (delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage, dGEMRIC, T1Gd). The difference in the longitudinal relaxation rate induced by gadolinium (ΔR1) was calculated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC) was used to test for differentiation of RA patients from healthy volunteers.Results
dGEMRIC (AUC 0.81) and ΔR1 (AUC 0.75) significantly differentiated RA patients from controls. T2* mapping (AUC 0.66) and native T1 mapping (AUC 0.66) were not significantly different in RA patients compared to controls.Conclusions
The data support the use of dGEMRIC for the assessment of MCP joint cartilage quality in RA. T2* and native T1 mapping are of low diagnostic value. Pre-contrast T1 mapping for the calculation of ΔR1 does not increase the diagnostic value of dGEMRIC. 相似文献3.
Marius E. Mayerhoefer Goetz H. Welsch Tallal C. Mamisch Franz Kainberger Michael Weber Stefan Nemec Klaus M. Friedrich Albert Dirisamer Siegfried Trattnig 《European radiology》2010,20(2):443-449
Purpose
The purpose was to investigate the in vivo effects of unloading and compression on T1-Gd relaxation times in healthy articular knee cartilage.Materials and methods
Ten volunteers were enrolled, and dGEMRIC images of their right knee joints were obtained using 3.0-T MR at three timepoints: directly following exercise (“baseline”), approximately 15 min after unloading (“unloading”) and during application of a compressive force (50% of the body weight) generated by a loading device via a footplate (“compression”).Results
Our analysis of variance of pooled data from all cartilage zones demonstrated a significant mean T1-Gd decrease of 56.6 ms between baseline and compression (p?<?0.001), and a significant mean decrease of 42.1 ms between unloading and compression (p?<?0.001). No significant difference was found between baseline and unloading. Higher mean T1-Gd values were observed in the cartilage contact zone (central femoral and tibial zones; 698.3?±?162.2 ms) than in the non-contact zone (anterior and posterior femoral and tibial zones, and dorsal femoral zone; 662.9?±?149.3 ms; p?<?0.01).Conclusion
T1-Gd times appear to be sensitive to mechanical cartilage stress, and thus, further studies are warranted that investigate the relationship between the biochemical load response and the biomechanical properties of articular cartilage. 相似文献4.
Objectives
We compare the T1 and T2 relaxation times and magnetization transfer ratios (MTRs) of normal subjects and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) to evaluate the ability of these techniques to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of OA.Materials and methods
The knee joints in 11 normal volunteers and 40 patients with OA were prospectively evaluated using T1 relaxation times as measured using delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC), T2 relaxation times (multiple spin-echo sequence, T2 mapping), and MTRs. The OA patients were further categorized into mild, moderate, and severe OA.Results
The mean T1 relaxation times of the four groups (normal, mild OA, moderate OA, and severe OA) were: 487.3?±?27.7, 458.0?±?55.9, 405.9?±?57.3, and 357.9?±?36.7 respectively (p?<0.001). The mean T2 relaxation times of the four groups were: 37.8?±?3.3, 44.0?±?8.5, 50.9?±?9.5, and 57.4?±?4.8 respectively (p?<?0.001). T1 relaxation time decreased and T2 relaxation time increased with worsening degeneration of patellar cartilage. The result of the covariance analysis showed that the covariate age had a significant influence on T2 relaxation time (p?<?0.001). No significant differences between the normal and OA groups using MTR were noted.Conclusion
T1 and T2 relaxation times are relatively sensitive to early degenerative changes in the patellar cartilage, whereas the MTR may have some limitations with regard to early detection of OA. In addition, The T1 and T2 relaxation times negatively correlate with each other, which is a novel finding. 相似文献5.
Andrea Lazik Jens M. Theysohn Christina Geis Sören Johst Mark E. Ladd Harald H. Quick Oliver Kraff 《European radiology》2016,26(5):1245-1253
Objectives
To evaluate the technical feasibility and applicability of quantitative MR techniques (delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC), T2 mapping, T2* mapping) at 7 T MRI for assessing hip cartilage.Methods
Hips of 11 healthy volunteers were examined at 7 T MRI with an 8-channel radiofrequency transmit/receive body coil using multi-echo sequences for T2 and T2* mapping and a dual flip angle gradient-echo sequence before (T10) and after intravenous contrast agent administration (T1Gd; 0.2 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA2? followed by 0.5 h of walking and 0.5 h of rest) for dGEMRIC. Relaxation times of cartilage were measured manually in 10 regions of interest. Pearson’s correlations between R1delta?=?1/T1Gd???1/T10 and T1Gd and between T2 and T2* were calculated. Image quality and the delineation of acetabular and femoral cartilage in the relaxation time maps were evaluated using discrete rating scales.Results
High correlations were found between R1delta and T1Gd and between T2 and T2* relaxation times (all p?<?0.01). All techniques delivered diagnostic image quality, with best delineation of femoral and acetabular cartilage in the T2* maps (mean 3.2 out of a maximum of 4 points).Conclusions
T1, T2 and T2* mapping of hip cartilage with diagnostic image quality is feasible at 7 T. To perform dGEMRIC at 7 T, pre-contrast T1 mapping can be omitted.Key Points
? dGEMRIC of hip cartilage with diagnostic image quality is feasible at 7 T. ? To perform dGEMRIC at 7 T, pre-contrast T1 mapping can be omitted. ? T2(*) mapping of hip cartilage with diagnostic image quality is feasible at 7 T. ? T2 and T2* relaxation times of cartilage were highly correlated at 7 T. ? Best delineation of femoral and acetabular cartilage was found in T2* maps.6.
Rachel K. Surowiec Erin P. Lucas Charles P. Ho 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2014,22(6):1385-1395
Purpose
Early diagnosis of cartilage degeneration and longitudinal tracking of cartilage health including repair following surgical intervention would benefit from the ability to detect and monitor changes of the articular cartilage non-invasively and before gross morphological alterations appear.Methods
Quantitative MR imaging has shown promising results with various imaging biomarkers such as T2 mapping, T1 rho and dGEMRIC demonstrating sensitivity in the detection of biochemical alterations within tissues of interest. However, acquiring accurate and clinically valuable quantitative data has proven challenging, and the reproducibility of the quantitative mapping technique and its values are essential. Although T2 mapping has been the focus in this discussion, all quantitative mapping techniques are subject to the same issues including variability in the imaging protocol, unloading and exercise, analysis, scanner and coil, calculation methods, and segmentation and registration concerns.Results
The causes for variability between time points longitudinally in a patient, among patients, and among centres need to be understood further and the issues addressed.Conclusions
The potential clinical applications of quantitative mapping are vast, but, before the clinical community can take full advantage of this tool, it must be automated, standardized, validated, and have proven reproducibility prior to its implementation into the standard clinical care routine. 相似文献7.
Andrea Lazik-Palm Oliver Kraff Christina Geis Sören Johst Juliane Goebel Mark E. Ladd Harald H. Quick Jens M. Theysohn 《European radiology》2016,26(11):3923-3931
Objectives
To investigate the influence of intravenous gadolinium on cartilage T2 and T2* relaxation times and on morphological image quality at 7-T hip MRI.Methods
Hips of 11 healthy volunteers were examined at 7 T. Multi-echo sequences for T2 and T2* mapping, 3D T1 volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) and double-echo steady-state (DESS) sequences were acquired before and after intravenous application of gadolinium according to a delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) protocol. Cartilage relaxation times were measured in both scans. Morphological sequences were assessed quantitatively using contrast ratios and qualitatively using a 4-point Likert scale. Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation (ρ) and Wilcoxon sign-rank test were used for statistical comparisons.Results
Pre- and post-contrast T2 and T2* values were highly correlated (T2: acetabular: ρ?=?0.76, femoral: ρ?=?0.77; T2*: acetabular: ρ?=?0.80, femoral: ρ?=?0.72). Gadolinium enhanced contrasts between cartilage and joint fluid in DESS and T1 VIBE according to the qualitative (p?=?0.01) and quantitative (p?<?0.001) analysis. The delineation of acetabular and femoral cartilage and the labrum predominantly improved with gadolinium.Conclusions
Gadolinium showed no relevant influence on T2 or T2* relaxation times and improved morphological image quality at 7 T. Therefore, morphological and quantitative sequences including dGEMRIC can be conducted in a one-stop-shop examination.Key Points
? Hip cartilage T2 values correlate highly before and after gadolinium at 7 T ? Hip cartilage T2* values correlate highly before and after enhancement at 7 T ? Morphological hip cartilage imaging benefits from intravenous gadolinium at 7 T ? The delineation of acetabular and femoral cartilage can be improved by gadolinium ? Morphological and quantitative sequences including dGEMRIC can be combined as a one-stop-shop examination8.
Marianna S. Thomas David Newman Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Bahman Kasmai Richard Greenwood Paul N. Malcolm Anette Karlsson Johannes Rosander Magnus Borga Andoni P. Toms 《European radiology》2014,24(9):2279-2291
Purpose
To measure the test-retest reproducibility of an automated system for quantifying whole body and compartmental muscle volumes using wide bore 3 T MRI.Materials and methods
Thirty volunteers stratified by body mass index underwent whole body 3 T MRI, two-point Dixon sequences, on two separate occasions. Water-fat separation was performed, with automated segmentation of whole body, torso, upper and lower leg volumes, and manually segmented lower leg muscle volumes.Results
Mean automated total body muscle volume was 19·32 L (SD9·1) and 19·28 L (SD9·12) for first and second acquisitions (Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)?=?1·0, 95 % level of agreement -0·32–0·2 L). ICC for all automated test-retest muscle volumes were almost perfect (0·99–1·0) with 95 % levels of agreement 1.8–6.6 % of mean volume. Automated muscle volume measurements correlate closely with manual quantification (right lower leg: manual 1·68 L (2SD0·6) compared to automated 1·64 L (2SD 0·6), left lower leg: manual 1·69 L (2SD 0·64) compared to automated 1·63 L (SD0·61), correlation coefficients for automated and manual segmentation were 0·94–0·96).Conclusion
Fully automated whole body and compartmental muscle volume quantification can be achieved rapidly on a 3 T wide bore system with very low margins of error, excellent test-retest reliability and excellent correlation to manual segmentation in the lower leg.Key Points
? Sarcopaenia is an important reversible complication of a number of diseases. ? Manual quantification of muscle volume is time-consuming and expensive. ? Muscles can be imaged using in and out of phase MRI. ? Automated atlas-based segmentation can identify muscle groups. ? Automated muscle volume segmentation is reproducible and can replace manual measurements. 相似文献9.
Bernd Bittersohl Falk R. Miese Christin Dekkers Hüseyin Senyurt Jörn Kircher Hans-Jörg Wittsack Gerald Antoch Rüdiger Krauspe Christoph Zilkens 《European radiology》2013,23(5):1367-1374
Objectives
To establish baseline T2* and T1Gd values of glenohumeral cartilage at 3 T.Methods
Forty asymptomatic volunteers (mean age: 24.8?±?2.2 years) without shoulder abnormalities were included. The MRI protocol comprised a double-echo steady-state (DESS) sequence for morphological cartilage evaluation, a gradient-echo multiecho sequence for T2* assessment, and a gradient-echo dual-flip-angle sequence for T1Gd mapping. Statistical assessment involved a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the differences between various regions of the glenohumeral joint and intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis comparing repetitive T2* and T1Gd measures to assess intra- and interobserver reliability.Results
Both techniques revealed significant differences between superior and inferior glenohumeral cartilage demonstrating higher T2* (26.2 ms vs. 23.2 ms, P value?<?0.001) and T1Gd (750.1 ms vs. 720.2 ms, P value?=?0.014) values in the superior regions. No trend was observed in the anterior-posterior measurement (P value range: 0.279–1.000). High intra- and interobserver agreement (ICC value range: 0.895–0.983) was noted for both T2* and T1Gd mapping.Conclusions
T2* and T1Gd mapping are reliable in the assessment of glenohumeral cartilage. The values from this study can be used for comparison to identify cartilage degeneration in patients suffering from shoulder joint abnormalities.Key Points
? T2* mapping and dGEMRIC are sensitive to collagen degeneration and proteoglycan depletion. ? This study aimed to establish baseline T2*/dGEMRIC values of glenohumeral cartilage. ? Both techniques revealed significant differences between superior and inferior glenohumeral cartilage. ? High intra-/interreader agreement was noted for both T2* mapping and dGEMRIC. ? These baseline normal values should be useful when identifying potential degeneration. 相似文献10.
Ryo Nakazato MD PhD Damini Dey PhD Erick Alexánderson MD Aloha Meave MD Moisés Jiménez MD Edgar Romero MD Rodrigo Jácome MD Marco Pe?a MD Daniel S. Berman MD Piotr J. Slomka PhD 《Journal of nuclear cardiology》2012,19(3):482-491
Background
Hybrid PET/CT allows for acquisition of cardiac PET and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in one session. However, PET and CCTA are acquired with differing breathing protocols and require software registration. We aimed to validate automatic correction for breathing misalignment between PET and CCTA acquired on hybrid scanner.Methods
Single-session hybrid PET/CT studies of rest/stress 13N-ammonia PET and CCTA in 32 consecutive patients were considered. Automated registration of PET left ventricular (LV) surfaces with CCTA volumes was evaluated by comparing with expert manual alignment by two observers.Results
The average initial misalignments between the position of LV on PET and CCTA were 27.2?±?11.8, 13.3?±?11.5, and 14.3?±?9.1?mm in x, y, and z axes on rest, and 26.3?±?10.2, 11.1?±?9.5, and 11.7?±?7.1?mm in x, y, and z axes on stress, respectively. The automated PET-CCTA co-registration had 95% agreement as judged visually. Compared with expert manual alignment, the translation errors of the algorithm were 5.3?±?2.8?mm (rest) and 6.0?±?3.5?mm (stress). 3D visualization of combined coronary vessel anatomy and hypoperfusion from PET could be made without further manual adjustments.Conclusion
Software co-registration of CCTA and PET myocardial perfusion imaging on hybrid PET/CT scanners is necessary, but can be performed automatically, facilitating integrated 3D display on PET/CT. 相似文献11.
Taehee Kim Byoung-Hyun Min Seung-Hyun Yoon Hakil Kim Sunghoon Park Hyun Young Lee Kyu-Sung Kwack 《Skeletal radiology》2014,43(7):947-954
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between T2 value, T2* value, and histological grades of degenerated human articular cartilage.Materials and methods
T2 mapping and T2* mapping of nine tibial osteochondral specimens were obtained using a 3-T MRI after total knee arthroplasty. A total of 94 ROIs were analyzed. Histological grades were assessed using the David–Vaudey scale. Spearman’s rho correlation analysis and Pearson’s correlation analysis were performed.Results
The mean relaxation values in T2 map with different histological grades (0, 1, 2) of the cartilage were 51.9?±?9.2 ms, 55.8?±?12.8 ms, and 59.6?±?10.2 ms, respectively. The mean relaxation values in T2* map with different histological grades (0, 1, 2) of the cartilage were 20.3?±?10.3 ms, 21.1?±?12.4 ms, and 15.4?±?8.5 ms, respectively. Spearman’s rho correlation analysis confirmed a positive correlation between T2 value and histological grade (ρ?=?0.313, p?<?0.05). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between T2 and T2* (r?=??0.322, p?<?0.05). Although T2* values showed a decreasing trend with an increase in cartilage degeneration, this correlation was not statistically significant in this study (ρ?=??0.192, p?=?0.129).Conclusions
T2 mapping was correlated with histological degeneration, and it may be a good biomarker for osteoarthritis in human articular cartilage. However, the strength of the correlation was weak (ρ?=?0.313). Although T2* values showed a decreasing trend with an increase in cartilage degeneration, the correlation was not statistically significant. Therefore, T2 mapping may be more appropriate for the initial diagnosis of articular cartilage degeneration in the knee joint. Further studies on T2* mapping are needed to confirm its reliability and mechanism in cartilage degeneration. 相似文献12.
Jasper van Tiel Gyula Kotek Max Reijman Pieter K. Bos Esther E. Bron Stefan Klein Jan A. N. Verhaar Gabriel P. Krestin Harrie Weinans Edwin H. G. Oei 《European radiology》2014,24(9):2261-2270
Objectives
To assess (1) whether normal and degenerated menisci exhibit different T1GD on delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the meniscus (dGEMRIM), (2) the reproducibility of dGEMRIM and (3) the correlation between meniscus and cartilage T1GD in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients.Methods
In 17 OA patients who underwent dGEMRIM twice within 7 days, meniscus and cartilage T1GD was calculated. Meniscus pathology was evaluated on conventional MRI. T1GD in normal and degenerated menisci were compared using a Student’s t-test. Reproducibility was assessed using ICCs. Pearson’s correlation was calculated between meniscus and cartilage T1GD.Results
A trend towards lower T1GD in degenerated menisci (mean: 402 ms; 95 % CI: 359–444 ms) compared to normal menisci (mean: 448 ms; 95 % CI: 423–473 ms) was observed (p?=?0.05). Meniscus T1GD ICCs were 0.85–0.90. The correlation between meniscus and cartilage T1GD was moderate in the lateral (r?=?0.52–0.75) and strong in the medial compartment (r?=?0.78–0.94).Conclusions
Our results show that degenerated menisci have a clear trend towards lower T1GD compared to normal menisci. Since these results are highly reproducible, meniscus degeneration may be assessed within one delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI simultaneously with cartilage. The strong correlation between meniscus and cartilage T1GD suggests concomitant degeneration in both tissues in OA, but also suggests that dGEMRIC may not be regarded entirely as sulphated glycosaminoglycan specific.Key Points
? dGEMRIM T1 GD can possibly be used to assess meniscal degeneration; ? dGEMRIM yields highly reproducible meniscal T1 GD in early stage osteoarthritic patients; ? Concomitant degeneration of cartilage and meniscus tissue occurs in early stage osteoarthritis; ? dGEMRIC cannot be regarded as entirely sulphated glycosaminoglycan specific. 相似文献13.
Pieter Van Dyck Christoph Kenis Filip M. Vanhoenacker Valérie Lambrecht Kristien Wouters Jan L. Gielen Lieven Dossche Paul M. Parizel 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2014,22(6):1376-1384
Purpose
The aim of this prospective study was to compare routine MRI scans of the knee at 1.5 and 3 T obtained in the same individuals in terms of their performance in the diagnosis of cartilage lesions.Methods
One hundred patients underwent MRI of the knee at 1.5 and 3 T and subsequent knee arthroscopy. All MR examinations consisted of multiplanar 2D turbo spin-echo sequences. Three radiologists independently graded all articular surfaces of the knee joint seen at MRI. With arthroscopy as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 1.5- and 3-T MRI for detecting cartilage lesions and the proportion of correctly graded cartilage lesions within the knee joint were determined and compared using resampling statistics.Results
For all readers and surfaces combined, the respective sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting all grades of cartilage lesions in the knee joint using MRI were 60, 96, and 87 % at 1.5 T and 69, 96, and 90 % at 3 T. There was a statistically significant improvement in sensitivity (p < 0.05), but not specificity or accuracy (n.s.) for the detection of cartilage lesions at 3 T. There was also a statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvement in the proportion of correctly graded cartilage lesions at 3 T as compared to 1.5 T.Conclusion
A 3-T MR protocol significantly improves diagnostic performance for the purpose of detecting cartilage lesions within the knee joint, when compared with a similar protocol performed at 1.5 T.Level of evidence
III. 相似文献14.
Toshiyuki Shiomi Takashi Nishii Ken Nakata Satoru Tamura Hisashi Tanaka Youichi Yamazaki Kenya Murase Hideki Yoshikawa Nobuhiko Sugano 《Skeletal radiology》2013,42(3):363-370
Objective
Quantitative knee cartilage T2 assessment on limited two-dimensional midsagittal or midcoronal planes may be insufficient to assess variations in normal cartilage composition. The purpose of this work was to reveal characteristic 3D distribution of T2 values in femoral cartilage in healthy volunteer knees.Materials and methods
Sixteen volunteers were enrolled in this study. One knee joint in each volunteer was imaged using a 3D fast image employing steady-state acquisition cycled phases (FIESTA-C) sequence for modeling distal femoral morphology, as well as a sagittal T2 mapping of cartilage. 3D distribution of cartilage T2 values was generated for the femoral condyles. At each medial and lateral condyle, four regions of interest (ROI) were manually defined based on the cartilage covered by the 3D surface model of the medial and lateral menisci.Results
The 3D maps showed a relatively inhomogeneous distribution of cartilage T2 on the medial and lateral condyles. Cartilage T2 values in the internal half of the weight-bearing zone were significantly higher than those in all other zones on both lateral and medial condyles.Conclusions
Analysis of 3D distribution of femoral cartilage T2 may be valuable in determining the site-specific normal range of cartilage T2 in the healthy knee joint. 相似文献15.
José G. Raya Eike Dettmann Mike Notohamiprodjo Svetlana Krasnokutsky Steven Abramson Christian Glaser 《European radiology》2014,24(7):1700-1706
Objectives
To investigate the value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of articular cartilage to differentiate healthy from osteoarthritis (OA) subjects in all cartilage regions.Methods
DTI was acquired sagittally at 7 T in ten healthy and five OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2) subjects with a line scan diffusion tensor sequence (LSDTI). Three healthy volunteers and two OA subjects were examined twice to assess the test-retest reproducibility. Averaged mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated in each cartilage region (femoral trochlea, lateral and medial femoral condyles, patella, and lateral and medial tibia).Results
The test-retest reproducibility was 2.9 % for MD and 5.6 % for FA. Averaged MD was significantly increased (+20 %, p?<?0.05) in the OA subjects in the lateral femoral condyle, lateral tibia and the femoral trochlea compartments. Averaged FA presented a trend of lower values in the OA subjects (-12 %), which was only significant for the lateral tibia.Conclusions
In vivo DTI of articular cartilage with coverage of all cartilage regions using an LSDTI sequence is feasible, shows excellent reproducibility for MD and FA, and holds potential for the diagnosis of OA.Key points
? DTI of articular cartilage is feasible at 7 T in all cartilage regions ? DTI of articular cartilage can potentially differentiate healthy and OA subjects 相似文献16.
James V. Spearman Felix G. Meinel U. Joseph Schoepf Paul Apfaltrer Justin R. Silverman Aleksander W. Krazinski Christian Canstein Carlo Nicola De Cecco Philip Costello Lucas L. Geyer 《European radiology》2014,24(2):519-526
Objectives
This study evaluated the performance of a novel automated software tool for epicardial fat volume (EFV) quantification compared to a standard manual technique at coronary CT angiography (cCTA).Methods
cCTA data sets of 70 patients (58.6?±?12.9 years, 33 men) were retrospectively analysed using two different post-processing software applications. Observer 1 performed a manual single-plane pericardial border definition and EFVM segmentation (manual approach). Two observers used a software program with fully automated 3D pericardial border definition and EFVA calculation (automated approach). EFV and time required for measuring EFV (including software processing time and manual optimization time) for each method were recorded. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability was assessed on the prototype software measurements. T test, Spearman’s rho, and Bland–Altman plots were used for statistical analysis.Results
The final EFVA (with manual border optimization) was strongly correlated with the manual axial segmentation measurement (60.9?±?33.2 mL vs. 65.8?±?37.0 mL, rho?=?0.970, P?<?0.001). A mean of 3.9?±?1.9 manual border edits were performed to optimize the automated process. The software prototype required significantly less time to perform the measurements (135.6?±?24.6 s vs. 314.3?±?76.3 s, P?<?0.001) and showed high reliability (ICC?>?0.9).Conclusions
Automated EFVA quantification is an accurate and time-saving method for quantification of EFV compared to established manual axial segmentation methods.Key Points
? Manual epicardial fat volume quantification correlates with risk factors but is time-consuming. ? The novel software prototype automates measurement of epicardial fat volume with good accuracy. ? This novel approach is less time-consuming and could be incorporated into clinical workflow. 相似文献17.
Katharina Anders Stephan Achenbach Isabel Petit Werner G. Daniel Michael Uder Tobias Pflederer 《European radiology》2013,23(5):1218-1225
Purpose
True automated detection of coronary artery stenoses might be useful whenever expert evaluation is not available, or as a “second reader” to enhance diagnostic confidence. We evaluated the accuracy of a PC-based stenosis detection tool alone and combined with expert interpretation.Methods
One hundred coronary CT angiography datasets were evaluated with the automated software alone, by manual interpretation (axial images, multiplanar reformations and maximum intensity projections in free double-oblique planes), and by expert interpretation aware of the automated findings. Stenoses ≥?50 % were noted per-vessel and per-patient, and compared with invasive angiography.Results
Automated post-processing was successful in 90 % of patients (88 % of vessels). When excluding uninterpretable datasets, per-patient sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 89 %, 79 %, 74 % and 92 % (per-vessel: 82 %, 85 %, 48 % and 96 %). All 100 datasets were evaluable by expert interpretation. Per-patient sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 95 %, 95 %, 93 % and 97 % (per-vessel: 89 %,98 %, 88 % and 98 %). Knowing the results of automated interpretation did not improve the performance of expert readers.Conclusion
Automated off-line post-processing of coronary CT angiography shows adequate sensitivity, but relatively low specificity in coronary stenosis detection. It does not increase accuracy of expert interpretation. Failure of post-processing in 10 % of all patients necessitates additional manual image work-up.Key Points
? Coronary CT angiography is increasingly used for detection of coronary artery stenosis ? Computer assisted diagnosis might facilitate and speed up interpretation ? Performance in properly segmented cases compared favourably with manual image interpretation ? However, automated segmentation failed in about 10 % of cases ? Manual reading is still mandatory; computer assisted diagnosis can provide a useful second read 相似文献18.
Objectives
To evaluate the potential of sodium MRI to detect changes over time of apparent sodium concentration (ASC) in articular cartilage in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).Methods
The cartilage of 12 patients with knee OA were scanned twice over a period of approximately 16 months with two sodium MRI sequences at 7 T: without fluid suppression (radial 3D) and with fluid suppression by adiabatic inversion recovery (IR). Changes between baseline and follow-up of mean and standard deviation of ASC (in mM), and their rate of change (in mM/day), were measured in the patellar, femorotibial medial and lateral cartilage regions for each subject. A matched-pair Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess significance of the changes.Results
Changes in mean and in standard deviation of ASC, and in their respective rate of change over time, were only statistically different when data was acquired with the fluid-suppressed sequence. A significant decrease (p?=?0.001) of approximately 70 mM in mean ASC was measured between the two IR scans.Conclusion
Quantitative sodium MRI with fluid suppression by adiabatic IR at 7 T has the potential to detect a decrease of ASC over time in articular cartilage of patients with knee osteoarthritis.Key Points
? Sodium MRI can detect apparent sodium concentration (ASC) in cartilage ? Longitudinal study: sodium MRI can detect changes in ASC over time ? Potential for follow-up studies of cartilage degradation in knee osteoarthritis19.
Scott R. Montgomery Brock D. Foster Stephanie S. Ngo Rodney D. Terrell Jeffrey C. Wang Frank A. Petrigliano David R. McAllister 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2014,22(9):2070-2075
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in surgical treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee in the United States.Methods
The current procedural terminology (CPT) billing codes of patients undergoing articular cartilage procedures of the knee were searched using the PearlDiver Patient Record Database, a national database of insurance billing records. The CPT codes for chondroplasty, microfracture, osteochondral autograft, osteochondral allograft, and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) were searched.Results
A total of 163,448 articular cartilage procedures of the knee were identified over a 6-year period. Microfracture and chondroplasty accounted for over 98 % of cases. There was no significant change in the incidence of cartilage procedures noted from 2004 (1.27 cases per 10,000 patients) to 2009 (1.53 cases per 10,000 patients) (p = 0.06). All procedures were performed more commonly in males (p < 0.001). This gender difference was smallest in patients undergoing chondroplasty (51 % males and 49 % females) and greatest for open osteochondral allograft (61 % males and 39 % females). Chondroplasty and microfracture were most commonly performed in patients aged 40–59, while all other procedures were performed most frequently in patients <40 years old (p < 0.001).Conclusions
Articular cartilage lesions of the knee are most commonly treated with microfracture or chondroplasty in the United States. Chondroplasty and microfracture were most often performed in middle-aged patients, whereas osteochondral autograft, allograft, and ACI were performed in younger patients, and more frequently in males.Level of evidence
Cross-sectional study, Level IV. 相似文献20.
Milena L. Pachowsky Siegfried Trattnig Sebastian Apprich Andreas Mauerer Stephan Zbyn Goetz H. Welsch 《Skeletal radiology》2013,42(11):1565-1572