心房颤动射频消融术后肺静脉狭窄的现状及进展

心房颤动是临床最常见的心律失常,近年来射频消融已成为治疗心房颤动最重要、最有效的手段,但与此同时各种并发症也随之而来.肺静脉狭窄是心房颤动射频消融术后的并发症之一,严重的肺静脉狭窄可出现患侧肺淤血及血流灌注异常,晚期可发生进展性肺循环高压.由于它是一种相对罕见的医学问题,且不具有特异性表现,因此很容易被误诊、漏诊.结合...     

心房颤动导管消融术中肺静脉狭窄的预防

目的探讨心房颤动(简称房颤)导管消融术肺静脉狭窄的预防措施.     

心房颤动射频消融术后的肺静脉狭窄

导管射频消融手术已经成为治疗心房颤动(简称房颤)最重要、最有效的手段,同时,各种术后并发症也随之而来。其中肺静脉狭窄为房颤射频消融术后的严重并发症之一,其临床症状往往缺乏特异性,患者可出现发热、咳嗽、咯血、呼吸困难等一系列表现,严重者可致死。其治疗方案因患者临床症状及肺静脉狭窄严重程度而异,仍为临床医生的一项挑战性工作,日益引起国内外重视。     

心房颤动冷冻消融术后肺静脉狭窄的临床研究

目的探讨心房颤动(简称房颤)冷冻消融是否会造成肺静脉开口狭窄及严重程度。方法前瞻性分析初次行房颤冷冻消融患者112例,冷冻消融术前空腹行左房-肺静脉CT三维解剖重建,冷冻消融术后30～40天再次空腹行左房-肺静脉CT三维解剖重建,比较冷冻消融术后是否发生肺静脉开口狭窄及严重程度。结果房颤冷冻消融术后左上肺静脉、左下肺静脉、右下肺静脉、右上肺静脉开口长径、短径与术前相比分别减小[-2.4(-5.0,0.4)]mm,(-2.8±3.9)mm;[-1.2(-2.9,1.0)]mm,(-1.2±2.8)mm和(-2.7±6.5)mm,(-2.3±4.7)mm;[-0.85(-3.3,1.1)]mm,(-1.1±3.6)mm,差别均具有显著性(P均0.01),但无严重(开口狭窄50%)肺静脉狭窄发生。结论房颤冷冻消融会引起肺静脉轻度狭窄。     

心房颤动导管消融术中肺静脉狭窄的原因与随访

目的　探讨心房颤动 (房颤 )导管消融术中发生肺静脉狭窄的可能原因 ,并随访狭窄患者的临床表现。方法　自 1998年 8月至 2 0 0 3年 12月 ,共对连续 2 0 6例房颤患者施行了肺静脉消融治疗。消融后根据选择性肺静脉造影判定有无狭窄 ,并根据狭窄程度分为轻度狭窄 (<5 0 %直径 )、中度狭窄 (5 0 %～ 75 %直径 )和重度狭窄 (>75 %直径 )。通过多因素分析确定与术中肺静脉狭窄相关的临床因素 ,并对所有狭窄患者进行相关临床表现的随访。结果　总计消融 6 2 2根肺静脉 ,其中 10例(4 9% )患者的 10支 (1 6 % )肺静脉出现狭窄 ,包括重度狭窄 2支 ,轻度和中度狭窄各 4支。Logistic多因素回归分析显示 ,在肺静脉深部放电是房颤导管消融术中发生肺静脉狭窄的独立预测因子 (胜算比OR 1 3;95 %可信区间 :1 0 3～ 1 4 1;P <0 0 5 )。肺静脉狭窄部位距离肺静脉开口平均 (1 2± 0 2 )cm。随访 12～ 5 3(4 2 2± 11 8)个月 ,10例患者均未出现提示肺静脉狭窄的临床症状。术后 6～ 12个月 ,9例 (90 % )患者进行了肺通气 /灌注扫描检查 ,均未见异常 ;7例 (70 % )患者接受了肺静脉磁共振血管造影检查 ,原狭窄部位未见狭窄程度进展或消退。结论　 (1)在肺静脉深部放电是导致肺静脉狭窄的重要原因 ;(2 )单支肺静脉狭窄可能     

心房颤动射频消融术后肺静脉狭窄诊断与介入治疗

肺静脉狭窄是心房颤动射频消融术后较常见的并发症之一。患者出现狭窄部位肺淤血和肺血流灌注障碍,晚期可能发生进展性肺循环高压,预后差,死亡率增高。早期诊断并积极治疗射频消融术后肺静脉狭窄有重要意义。该文主要介绍肺静脉狭窄的病因及病理特点,临床诊断要点及处理。     

心房颤动患者冷冻球囊消融术后肺静脉狭窄的影响因素分析

目的：探讨心房颤动(房颤)患者冷冻球囊消融(CBA)术后肺静脉狭窄(PVS)的发生率及其影响因素。方法：连续入选2015年6月至2021年1月于中国医学科学院阜外医院首次行CBA且于术前和术后均接受了左心房肺静脉CT血管造影的患者129例。使用Carto3 V6系统测量肺静脉口部面积(APVO)。根据APVO减小率(ΔAPVO)分为轻度(25%～50%)、中度(50%～75%)和重度(≥75%)PVS。将ΔAPVO≥25%的患者分为PVS组(n=41),ΔAPVO <25%的患者分为非PVS组(n=88)。结果：129例患者的平均年龄(60.30±9.83)岁,其中男性98例(76.0%)。共有41例(31.8%)患者出现PVS(共60支),其中轻度PVS 52支(86.7%)。CBA术后,左上、左下、右上和右下肺静脉的APVO分别减小了(37.5±103.0) mm²(P<0.01)、(37.3±93.7)mm²(P<0.01)、(59.8±112.0)mm²(P<0.01)和(38.3±87....     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

目的探讨无左心房和肺静脉三维重建与有左心房三维重建的Carto系统引导下阵发性心房颤动（房颤）导管消融术的差异。方法入选2008年1月至12月在本中心由同一位熟练术者行Carto系统引导下导管消融术的阵发性房颤患者31例,其中17例接受无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的消融术（非重建组）,14例接受有左心房三维重建的消融术（重建组）。具体消融方法为以环肺静脉电隔离为基础,按照个体情况选择是否行三尖瓣峡部画线消融。消融终点均为肺静脉电位与心房完全隔离,电生理检查不可诱发持续的房颤、心房扑动和房性心动过速。对比上述两组患者消融术中各步骤的耗时情况,并进行随访。结果重建组男女比例为10：4,非重建组为11：6,P〉0．05;重建组年龄（54．64±15．58）岁,非重建组（59．41±10．59）岁,P〉0．05;重建组房颤病程（5．05±10．4）年,非重建组为（7．34±7．74）年,P〉0．05。重建组左心房内径（35．29±4．73）mm,非重建组是（36．47±6．15）mm,P〉0．05。重建组消融术时间（107．23±28．92）min,非重建组是（93．47±26．09）min,P〉0．05;重建组X线曝光时间（21．09±6．49）min,非重建组是（14．16±5．35）min,P〈0．05;重建组环右肺静脉消融时间（27．29±18．53）min,非重建组是（18．00±4．51）min,P〈0．05;重建组环左肺静脉消融时间（28．14±9．26）min,非重建组是（23．94±7．10）min,P〈0．05。消融术后随访2～13个月,重建组85．7％无明显房颤发作,非重建组是82．4％（P〉0．05）。结论与有左心房三维重建的Carto系统引导下的阵发性房颤导管消融术相比,无左心房和肺静脉三维重建可以缩短消融术和x线曝光时间,可以达到相同的消融效果。     

心房颤动导管消融术后抗凝策略

导管消融术已成为治疗心房颤动的一种有效手段,术后不少于3个月的抗凝能够有效降低栓塞风险。然而,3个月后是否需长期抗凝治疗尚未明确。目前,多个观察性研究表明低卒中风险患者消融成功术后3个月后可停服抗凝药物。     

心房颤动环肺静脉消融术后复发的预测因素

目的探讨心房颤动(简称房颤)环肺静脉消融术(CPVA)后复发的预测因素。方法109例接受CPVA治疗的房颤患者,在三维电解剖标测系统(CARTO)指导下行环绕同侧肺静脉的线性消融,消融终点为肺静脉电隔离(PVI)。通过对10项临床和消融过程指标进行分析,确定单次CPVA术后早期(<3个月)复发和晚期(≥3个月)复发的预测因素。结果所有患者均实现消融终点,其中59例为通过单一CPVA法(简称强化CPVA法)实现PVI,50例为通过CPVA联合肺静脉口节段性消融法(简称改良CPVA法)实现PVI。49例(45.0%)在术后早期复发房性快速心律失常(ATa)。单因素分析显示左房增大、合并器质性心脏病和改良CPVA法是术后早期复发的预测指标;但经多因素分析后仅有改良CPVA是独立的预测指标(P<0.001;RR4.670;95%CI1.996~10.927)。随访9.1±3.5(4~15)个月,33例(30.3%)在术后晚期复发ATa。单因素分析显示左房增大、合并器质性心脏病和改良CPVA同时也是晚期复发的预测指标,但亦仅有改良CPVA是经多因素分析确定的独立预测指标(P=0.036;RR0.391;95%CI0.613~0.941)。严重并发症包括1例心脏压塞和1例脑卒中。结论在以PVI作为房颤CPVA治疗的消融终点时,无论是术后早期复发或晚期复发,改良CPVA法均是其独立的预测因素。