ICU护士的职业风险与职业防护

通过分析ICU护士的职业风险,针对性提出相应防护措施,以杜绝或减少ICU护士的职业危害。     

三种职业人群紧张反应影响因素分析

目的：探讨3种职业人群紧张反应的影响因素。方法：采用职业紧张问卷对某市公安局刑警和巡警支队全体干警、飞机场地勤人员（义务兵除外）和某钢厂设计院所有技术人员进行职业紧张因素和紧张反应调查，对紧张反应进行逐步回归分析。结果：警察紧张反应主要影响因素为组内冲突、自尊感、工作单调、工作负荷、任务控制和社会支持，地勤人员为组间冲突、工作负荷、文化程度、自尊感和社会支持，而技术人员为工作前景、职业提升、组内冲突、角色紧张、工作负荷、工作单调和亲属支持。结论：3种职业人群紧张反应的主要影响因素不同。     

职业性哮喘70例的职业特征

目的了解职业性哮喘病例的职业史特点。方法对诊断为职业性哮喘的70例患者的职业史进行调查、分析。结果患病平均年龄为40．37岁，平均工龄为11．03a，平均发病潜伏期为5．35a。发病工种以喷漆、塑料加工（发泡）为主，职业危害因素以油漆（异氰酸酯）为主，防护措施较差，同工种发病率较高。结论职业性哮喘发病年龄较早，防护措施较差，工龄、潜伏期较短，从事喷漆、塑料加工的工人发生职业性哮喘的概率较高，有针对性的预防及早期诊断、早期治疗是控制职业性哮喘发作的关键。     

Occupational violence

The problem of violence directed toward general practitioners and their practice staff is acknowledged worldwide. In Australia, the tragic 2006 murder of a Melbourne GP while practising in her surgery highlighted the seriousness of the issue.     

Occupational epidemiology

The epidemiological literature for assessing risk in many, if not most, modern occupations has now become sufficiently obsolete that it can no longer be depended upon to guide either prevention or adjudication of compensation. This obsolescence must be dealt with by developing new sources of information pertinent to occupational hazards and the risks associated with most occupations. Ideally, a comprehensive surveillance mechanism that would be automatically updated for the changing risk in a changing economy would be ideal and may be attainable with further developments in health information technology. The characteristics of such a system are described. However, there are many obstacles to such a system which appear insurmountable in the short term. A more eclectic plan for cooperation and data-sharing would help in the short term and would establish a pattern of collaboration that could both place adjudication on a more solid foundation and avoid allegations of collusion in business. The general outline for a practical programme of collaboration along these lines is presented.     

Occupational pharmacology

Occupational pharmacology is defined as a subdiscipline important to occupational safety and health, in which specialized information is gathered and evaluated. Occupational pharmacologist study and evaluate drugs used to combat or prevent occupational diseases. They also perform studies on occupational chemical-drug interactions. Specialized training programs are needed to produce qualified individuals for expected future needs.