青霉素类过敏反应与IL-4RαQ576R等基因多态性

目的 :探讨青霉素类抗生素过敏反应与IL 4RαQ5 76R等多态性位点之间的关系。方法 :采用聚合酶链式反应 限制性片段多态性法 (PCR RFLP)检测了 1 5 8例青霉素类过敏病人和 90例正常人的IL 4RαQ5 76R、IL 4C 5 89T、IL 1 3R1 3 0Q、IL 4 IL 1 3 SNP3、IL 4 IL 1 3 SNP4、FcεRIβE2 3 7G多态性位点的基因型。结果 :IL 4RαQ5 76R位点 ,过敏病人QQ基因型频率 (77% )显著高于正常人 (60 % ) (P <0 .0 1 ) ;次要抗原决定簇特异性IgE抗体阳性过敏病人IL 4RαQ5 76R位点QQ基因型频率 (79% )显著升高于正常人 (P <0 .…     

白细胞介素4受体Q576R基因多态性与支气管哮喘的相关性

目的　探讨白细胞介素4受体(inlerleukin- 4 receptor,IL- 4 R)基因Q5 76 R多态性与儿童支气管哮喘的相关性。方法　用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析方法检测94例哮喘儿童和6 8名正常对照儿童IL - 4 R Q5 76 R的多态性,并进行χ2 检验。结果　IL - 4 R杂合突变基因型Q5 76 R、突变等位基因R5 76的分布频率在哮喘儿童及正常对照儿童中差异有统计学意义(P<0 .0 5 )。结论　IL - 4 R突变等位基因R5 76可能是儿童易感哮喘的一个候选基因。     

哮喘患者外周血淋巴细胞IL-4Rα链的表达及其意义

为了解过敏性哮喘患者外周血淋巴细胞IL 4受体 (IL 4R )的变化规律及其影响因素。本工作将研究对象分为正常对照组 (n =12 )、过敏性哮喘患者缓解期组 (n =14 )和急性发作期组 (n =16 ) ,分离外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC ) ,取 1× 10 6个细胞加入或不加入 10ng/mlIL 3、IL 5及GM CSF培育 2 4h ,利用流式细胞仪测量PBMC中淋巴细胞亚群膜IL 4Rα的表达。结果显示 :哮喘患者缓解期B细胞IL 4Rα表达阳性率明显低于正常人及哮喘急性发作期 ,而哮喘患者急性发作期CD3+ 细胞、CD4 + 细胞和CD8+ 细胞IL 4Rα表达阳性率则较哮喘缓解期和正常人明显升高 ,差异有显著性 (P均 <0 0 5 )。经IL 3、IL 5及GM CSF刺激后 ,正常组仅见B细胞携带IL 4Rα的比例显著下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,T细胞携带IL 4Rα的比例则无变化 ;而哮喘患者缓解期T、Th细胞携带IL 4Rα的比例有明显上升 (P均 <0 0 5 ) ,B细胞携带IL 4Rα的比例则无变化 ;哮喘患者急性发作期T细胞和B细胞携带IL 4Rα的比例均无变化。这提示CD4 + 细胞携带IL 4R比例的升高可能在过敏性哮喘发病过程中起重要作用 ,而IL 3、IL 5及GM CSF则有助于Th细胞携带IL 4R比例的上调     

青霉素类过敏病人血清中特异性IgE与IL-4RαQ576R等基因多态性

目的 :探讨青霉素类过敏病人血清中特异性IgE与IL 4RαQ5 76R等多态性位点之间的关系。方法 :采用RAST法检测了 2 48例青霉素类过敏病人和 1 0 1例正常人血清中的八种特异性IgE抗体 (BPO PLL、PVO PLL、APO PLL、AXO PLL、BPA PLL、PVA PLL、APA PLL、AXA PLL) ;采用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段多态性法 (PCR RFLP)检测了 1 5 8例过敏病人和 90例正常对照的IL 4RαQ5 76R、IL 4C 5 89T、IL 1 3R1 3 0Q、IL 4 IL 1 3 SNP3、IL 4 IL 1 3 SNP4、FcεRIβE2 3 7G多态性位点的基因型。结果 :过敏病人特…     

白细胞介素4和受体基因多态性与儿童变应性哮喘的相关分析

目的：探讨白细胞介素4(IL-4)及受体(IL-4R)基因多态性与儿童变应性哮喘易感性及与血浆总IgE的关系。方法： 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切多态性方法检测IL-4基因启动子区-589位和IL-4R α亚单位Q576R两位点基因多态性，并观察对血浆总IgE的影响。结果：(1)白细胞介素-4基因-589基因多态性与儿童支气管哮喘无相关关系；(2)IL-4受体 α亚单位RR基因型和R 576等位基因频率在儿童支气管哮喘与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.01，P＜0.01)，且R 576与高IgE相关。结论： 这些数据表明IL-4R α亚单位R 576是中国汉族变应性哮喘患儿的危险因子，且与高IgE相关。     

甲亢患者IL-4、IL-10水平检测的临床意义

目的 :探讨IL - 4、IL - 10水平变化在甲亢的临床意义。方法 :选择甲亢未治疗组 6 4例、甲亢经1 31 I治疗组 39例和正常对照组 35例 ,用化学发光法测定FT3、FT4 、TSH的含量 ,用放射免疫分析测定IL - 4、IL - 10含量。结果 :甲亢未治疗组患者血清IL - 4、IL - 10水平均高于正常对照组 (p <0 0 1、p <0 0 5 )。1 31 I治疗组患者血清IL - 4、IL - 10水平均低于未治疗组 (p <0 0 1、p <0 0 5 )。甲亢1 31 I治疗组患者血清IL - 4、IL - 10与正常对照组差异无显著性 (p>0 0 5 )。结论 :IL - 4、IL - 10在甲亢的发病机理中起重要作用 ,判断疗效有一定意义。     

白细胞介素4受体基因多态性与哮喘、过敏症研究进展

支气管哮喘是复杂的多基因遗传性疾病。白细胞介素4(IL鄄4)在哮喘发病机制中发挥重要作用。白细胞介素4受体基因(IL鄄4R)有6种错义突变致表达的氨基酸发生替换。IL鄄4R基因多态性与哮喘、过敏症有关。本文综述了IL鄄4R基因多态性与哮喘、过敏症相关性研究进展。     

IFN-γ与 IL-4基因多态性与儿童哮喘易感性及外周血IFN-γ、IL-4和IgE的关系

目的: 探讨IFN-γ和 IL-4 基因多态性与儿童哮喘易感性及血浆IFN-γ、IL-4和IgE的相关性。方法: 用聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法检测100例哮喘儿童和122例对照儿童IFN-γ基因-179G/T、 IL-4 基因-33C/T和-589C/T位点基因型;等位基因特异性-聚合酶链反应(AS-PCR)法检测IFN-γ基因+874A/T位点基因型;毛细管电泳法检测IFN-γ基因CA重复序列基因型;ELISA法测定血浆IFN-γ、IL-4和IgE。结果: 100例哮喘儿童和122例对照儿童IFN-γ基因-179位点均为GG纯合子,未检测到突变基因型。IFN-γ基因+874A/T位点和CA重复序列的基因型和等位基因频率分布在哮喘组和对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05);+874位点多态性与血浆IFN-γ水平相关,AA基因型IFN-γ含量低于AT基因型(P<0.05)。 IL-4 基因-33C/T和-589C/T位点的基因型和等位基因频率分布在哮喘组和对照组间有显著差异(P<0.05);-33和-589位点TT基因型外周血IL-4和总IgE浓度均高于CT基因型,只有-33位点与血浆IL-4水平存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论: IFN-γ基因+874A/T和CA重复序列多态性可能与儿童哮喘无相关性,+874A/T位点多态性与IFN-γ水平相关。 IL-4 基因-33TT和-589TT基因型可能为儿童哮喘的易感基因型,-33位点多态性与IL-4表达水平相关。     

哮喘患者IL-13基因多态性与IL-13、TIgE水平相关性研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素13(IL-13)基因内含子区+1923C/T多态性与哮喘患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)产IL-13、血浆总IgE(TIgE)水平及其相关性。方法:用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR/RFLP)方法检测哮喘组与对照组+1923C/T位点多态性。IL-13、血浆总IgE采用ELISA法。结果:+1923位点等位基因C、T频率在两组间分布的差异具有显著性(X2=9.30,P<0.01);等位基因T与哮喘关联,OR(T/C)=1.87,95%CI=1.25-2.80,P<0.01。两组基因型(TT、CT、CC)频率的分布差异亦有显著意义(X2=9.92,P<0.01)。其优势比:OR(TT/CC)=3.76,95%CI=1.52-9.29,P<0.01;OR(CT/CC)=2.10,95%CI=1.11-3.95,P<0.05;OR(TT/CT)=1.79,95%CI=0.77-4.19,P>0.05。哮喘组中TT、TC基因型人群PBMC产IL-13及TIgE水平与同组及对照组CC基因相比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:IL-13基因+1923位点多态性是影响哮喘的重要候选基因,T等位基因与哮喘关联。     

IL-18受体α链基因多态性与重庆汉族人结核病易感性的关系

目的:探讨重庆地区汉族人群白细胞介素18受体α链(IL-18Rα)基因多态性与结核病易感性的关系.方法:采用序列特异性引物多聚酶链反应(PCR-SSP)分析重庆汉族人群中427例结核病患者和469名健康对照的IL-18Rα基因的-69C/T,-638C/T位点多态性,统计分析基因多态性与结核病易感性的关系.结果:IL-18Rα基因启动子-69和-638位点核苷酸均存在C、T二态性,都表现为CC纯合、TT纯合、CT杂合三种基因型;-69C/T位基因型分布频率在结核组与对照组间差异有统计学意义,对照组CC基因型频率(41.6%)明显高于结核组(30.4%)(χ2=13.011,P=0.001),结核组的等位基因T频率(44.8%)明显高于对照组(36.6%)(χ2=11.2,P=0.001);T等位基因在结核组与对照组比较,优势比OR=1.41.-638C/T位基因型和等位基因分布频率分别在结核组与健康对照组间的分布差异均没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:重庆汉族人IL-18Rα基因的-69C/T多态性与结核易感性相关,携带-69T等位基因的人群更易患结核病,而-638位C/T多态性与结核病易感性无明显相关性.     

IL-13和IL-4在哮喘发病中的作用及相互关系

目的　探讨IL 13在哮喘发病中的作用及其与IL 4的相互关系。方法　哮喘组 2 4例 ,男 17例 ,女 7例 ;健康对照组 2 4例 ,男 12例 ,女 12例。用ELISA法检测不同时段PBMC培养上清IL 13和IL 4水平及加IL 13单克隆抗体 (McAb)和IL 4McAb干预后PBMC培养上清IL 4、IL 12、IL 13和IFN γ水平。结果　 (1)IL 13动态变化 :①对照组PBMC培养 3d、5d、7d水平均较培养 1d水平高 ,差异有显著性 ,培养 3d的水平较培养 5d、7d的高 ,差异有显著性 ;②哮喘组PBMC培养 3d、5d、7d的水平均较培养 1d的水平高 ,差异有显著性 ,培养 5d的水平均较培养 3d、7d的水平高 ,但之间差异无显著性 ;③哮喘组PBMC培养 3d、5d、7d的IL 13水平均较对照组高 ,差异有显著性。 (2 )IL 4动态变化 :①对照组和哮喘组PBMC培养 1d后 ,IL 4水平明显上升 ,第 3天仍保持较高水平 ,第 5、7天明显下降 ;②哮喘组 1d、3d、5d和 7d水平均较对照组高 ,差异有显著性。 (3)IL 4McAb干预后 ,哮喘组和正常组IL 13水平与对应小鼠IgG组相比有显著性降低 ,哮喘组IFN γ水平与对应小鼠IgG组相比有显著性增高。 (4)IL 13McAb干预后IL 12水平在哮喘组和正常组均提高 ,与对应小鼠IgG组相比差异有显著性。 (5 )IL 13McAb和IL 4McAb联合干预后哮喘组I     

IL-4、IL-13蛋白表达及抗IL-4、IL-13人源单链抗体的筛选

目的:表达IL-4和IL-13蛋白,从人源单链抗体文库中分别筛选抗IL-4和抗IL-13单链抗体.方法:采用RT-PCR从健康志愿者外周血单核细胞(PBMC) mRNA中扩增IL-4和IL-13 cDNA;构建硫氧还蛋白融合表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达并对表达产物进行纯化鉴定.以生物素化的IL-4和IL-13为抗原从前期构建的人源抗体文库中采用噬菌体展示技术分别筛选抗IL-4和抗IL-13人源单链抗体(scFv).结果:扩增的IL-4 cDNA大小为280 bp,表达的融合蛋白大小为27 kD左右.扩增的IL-13 cDNA大小为252 bp,表达的融合蛋白大小为25 kD左右.分别以生物素化的IL-4和IL-13蛋白为抗原,采用噬菌体展示技术对人源抗体文库进行3轮富集后,分别有大约37％的scFvs与IL-4有结合特性,有约27％的scFvs与IL-13有结合特性.筛选了4株分别与IL-4和IL-13结合能力强的单链抗体进行了Westem blot鉴定和测序.结论:成功筛选到抗IL-4和抗IL-13人源性单链抗体.     

IL-4 receptor mutations

IL-4 plays an important role in regulating immune responses. Distinct signaling pathways, including those for gene activation and cell differentiation and those for cell proliferation and protection from apoptosis, are initiated from the receptor complex for IL-4 following ligand-receptor engagement. Several advances have been made in our understanding of how distinct functions of IL-4 are mediated. Most of these studies employed artificial mutations of the IL-4-receptor alpha chain using site-directed mutagenesis and/or deletional mutation. In addition, naturally occurring mutations of the IL-4-receptor alpha chain have been identified and implicated as a genetic predisposition for allergic disorders. The results of these studies suggest a modular organization of the receptor and an independent regulation of gene activation and cell growth.     

SLE患者IFN-γ、IL-4及IL-12水平变化及意义

从Th1/Th2细胞代表性细胞因子IFN γ/IL 4和IL 12水平的变化分析SLE患者Th1/Th2细胞的偏移现象。本实验通过半定量PCR法和ELISA酶联免疫检测法检测上述三种细胞因子含量。实验结果显示 ,SLE患者IL 4/IFN γ基因水平比值为0 32 8,高于对照组 (0 0 7)。ELISA检测显示IL 12在SLE患者血清中为 (38 39± 15 1)pg/ml,低于对照组 (84 97± 13 7)pg/ml(P <0 0 5 )。结论 :SLE患者Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡失调 ,IL 4细胞因子基因水平增高 ,同时血清中IL 12水平降低。     

Treatment of old mice with IL-2 corrects dysregulated IL-2 and IL-4 production

Splenic T cells from old BALB/c mice, activated in vitro withantibody to CD3e, secrete more IL-4 but less IL-2 than splenicT cells from young mice. The age-associated increase in IL-4secretion is associated with a significantly increased concentrationof intracellular IL-4 and its mRNA, although there is no increasein the number of activated T cells with intracellular IL-4.In contrast, the age-associated decrease in IL-2 secretion isassociated with a significant decrease in the number of activatedT cells with intracellular IL-2. In vivo there is a similarage-associated change in the number of activated T cells withdetectable cytokine. The number of activated T cells with intracellularIL-4 is comparable in old and young mice, while the number ofactivated T cells with intracellular IL-2 is significantly decreasedin old compared with young mice. Of great interest is the factthat old mice continuously exposed to IL-2 In vivo followingthe transplantation of J558 cells expressing the transfectedIL-2 gene product have an increased number of splenic T cellswith intracellular IL-2 that equals the level of such cellsobserved in young mice. Most important, the effect of continuousIL-2 administration in vitro was stable as spleen cells fromold, IL-2-treated mice when stimulated in vitro with anti-CD3ehad a young-like pattern of both intracellular IL-2 and IL-4expression as well as IL-2 and IL-4 secretion following in vitroactivation. Thus, it appears that exposure of old mice to exogenousIL-2 can redress the age-associated imbalance in cytokine expressionin vivo and cytokine secretion in vitro.     

Therapeutic targeting of IL-4-and IL-13-responsive cells in pulmonary fibrosis

Severe forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), such as usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), can be impervious to modern steroid and immunosuppressive treatment regimens, thereby emphasizing the need for novel effective therapies. Understanding the cytokine networks that may affect immune and structural cell activation and, hence, the progression of these fatal fibrotic diseases, has been a focus in our research. In this regard, we have examined the role of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and their respective receptor subunits in this process. Examination of clinical surgical lung biopsies (SLBs) showed that IIP is characterized by the abnormal, heightened expression of the receptor subunits that bind IL-4 and IL-13. Specifically, IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα2 (the high-affinity IL-13 receptor subunit) was present in greater abundance in SLBs and fibroblasts from IIP patients compared with normal patients, who exhibited no evidence of pulmonary fibrosis. These clinical findings prompted us to investigate whether the targeting of pulmonary cell types that were highly responsive to IL-4 and IL-13 was a viable therapeutic option in IIP. Using a chimeric protein comprised of human IL-13 and a truncated version of an exotoxin from Pseudomonas (abbreviated IL13-PE), we observed that IL13-PE selectively targeted human pulmonary fibroblasts grown from IIP SLBs, whereas it had a minimal effect on fibroblasts grown from biopsies from normal patients. In murine models characterized by abnormal airway or interstitial fibrotic responses, the intranasal administration of IL13-PE significantly attenuated the fibrotic response through the targeting of IL-4Rα-and IL-13Rα2-expressing pulmonary cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and pulmonary fibroblasts. Together, these data demonstrate that IL-4 and IL-13 are required for the initiation and maintenance of pulmonary fibrosis, and highlight the importance of further investigation of anti-fibrotic therapeutics that prevent the action of both cytokines during clinical pulmonary fibrosis.     

变应性鼻炎病人IL-4、IL-5和GM-CSF的水平观察

变态反应性鼻炎的发病机理与诸多细胞因子有关的现象，近年来已越来越受到国内外学者的重视[1］。变态反应性鼻炎发作时细胞因子的产生及炎性介质的参与均与机体异常的免疫调节有关，即存在T辅助细胞（TH）亚群功能失调，通过释放细胞因子，促进IgE的合成与分泌，并增加炎症细胞的浸润和活化。本文观察变应性鼻炎病人血清IL-4、IL-5和GM-CSF水平变化，为变应性鼻炎的防治提供依据。1材料与方法1. 1研究对象实验组为本院变态反应专科门诊确诊为尘螨变应性鼻炎（1997年修订，海口，变应性鼻炎诊断标准）病人86例，其中男性46例，女性40…     

Paradoxical Roles of IL-4 in Tumor Immunity

Interleukin (IL)-4 is a crucial cytokine in tumor immunology. In the initial murine experiments, IL-4 exhibited potent anti-tumor ability. Tumors genetically modified to produce IL-4 were rejected, while parental tumors grew progressively. Mice rejected IL-4-producing tumors got long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. The comparative study showed that IL-4 induced the most effective immune response among several cytokines in both prophylactic and therapeutic models. All of these indicate IL-4 has strong potential as a tumor therapy agent. However, contrary evidence indeed exists, and is becoming more and more abundant which shows IL-4 is a tumor-promoting molecule. IL-4 amounts are usually elevated in human cancer patients. IL-4 knockout mice are more resistant to tumor challenge than IL-4 competent mice. Furthermore, tumor cells of various histological origins often express increased levels of IL-4 receptor in comparison to their normal counterparts. By carefully examining presently available data, we found the effects of IL-4 in tumor immunity are closely related to its sources, expressing time and dose, as well as the molecular and cellular environments. In this mini-review, we concentrate on illustrating the paradoxical roles and underlying mechanisms of IL-4 in tumor immunity and try to understand how one molecule has opposite effects.     

IL-13对成纤维细胞IL-13受体和IL-4受体表达的影响

目的研究IL-13对人肺成纤维细胞株HFL-1和人肝星状细胞株LX-2 IL-13受体和IL-4受体表达的调节作用。方法 RT-PCR法检测HFL-1细胞株和LX-2细胞株IL-13Rα1、IL-4R和IL-13Rα2 mRNA的表达;凝胶电泳定量软件Image Tool2.0对RT-PCR电泳条带进行光密度分析;ELISA法检测HFL-1细胞株和LX-2细胞株分泌可溶型IL-13Rα2以及检测细胞裂解液总IL-13Rα1、IL-4R和IL-13Rα2含量。结果 IL-13(5～100 ng/ml)对HFL-1细胞株和LX-2细胞株表达IL-13Rα1和IL-4R无影响;IL-13为5、10、20 ng/ml时能诱导HFL-1细胞株表达IL-13Rα2并呈现剂量依赖,当IL-13为50 ng/ml时,对HFL-1细胞株IL-13Rα2表达的诱导作用明显减弱,IL-13 100 ng/ml组没有检测到HFL-1细胞株IL-13Rα2的表达;LX-2细胞株IL-13Rα2表达缺失且IL-13不能诱导LX-2细胞株表达IL-13Rα2。结论 IL-13不能上调人肺成纤维细胞株HFL-1和人肝星状细胞株LX-2表达功能型受体IL-13Rα1和IL-4R,表明IL-13不能通过上调IL-13Rα1和IL-4R表达量来放大自身作用;一定浓度的IL-13能诱导人肺成纤维细胞株HFL-1表达抑制型受体IL-13Rα2,表明IL-13的自身负调控。     

Alterations in interleukin secretion (IL-2 and IL-4) by CD4 and CD4 CD45RO cells from common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) patients.

The failure of B cells from CVI patients to secrete normal amounts of antibodies has been attributed either to an intrinsic B cell defect or to a lack of cooperation from T cells. In an attempt to improve the definition of the origin of this defect in one of the main cellular compartments, we studied the ability of helper CD4 cells and their CD4 CD45RO subpopulation from CVI patients to secrete interleukins (IL-2 and IL-4) in response to mitogen stimulation. We found that CD4 and CD4 CD45RO cells from some patients secrete abnormal amounts of interleukins (in general low levels of IL-2 and high levels of IL-4) upon stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM). These irregularities may contribute to the defective differentiation of B cells in these patients.