First-year mortality and long-term results of hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures in the elderly

Hip fractures are injuries that affect not only the joint in an elderly person, but also the patient's survival. The aim of this study was to asses hemiathroplasty as a treatment for these lesions and their complications; mortality within the first year after fracture was assessed and functional results were compared with the previous conditions. Between 1 January 1995 and 31 May 2001, we treated 29 patients who suffered hip fracture (2 bilateral). The average age was 80.7 years. The mean follow-up was 23 months. We obtained information by a telephone interview. We compared independence in daily activities before and after fracture. Moreover we examined the social surroundings in which the patients lived, before and after the fracture. Of the 24 patients available for follow-up, 4 (16.7%) had clinical and surgical complications. Mortality within the first year after fracture was 24.1% (7 patients). With respect to functional results, 47.4% of patients reached a score between 26 and 54 points (fair) in postoperative time. Furthermore, the percentage of patients who needed to live in geriatric institutions after the fracture increased from 15.8% to 42.1%. We consider hemiarthroplasty to be a treatment which has a lot of advantages, since it allows the immediate return to daily activities and avoids bedrest complications. However we believe that medical society has to advance more in prevention and care of this group of patients due to the high mortality within the first year after fracture, which causes them to lose independence in daily life and to become dependant on third-party assistance. Received: 15 February 2002, Accepted: 10 May 2002 Correspondence to: J. Boretto     

Dislocation after revision of hemiarthroplasty to total hip replacement

Over a 3-year period, nine hemiarthroplasties were revised to total hip arthroplasty. The hemiarthroplasties were all performed for an original diagnosis of subcapital fracture, and the revisions were for a variety of indications including instability, loosening and acetabular erosion. Four of the revised prostheses subsequently dislocated, and one has recurrent subluxation. This dislocation rate of 50% is higher than previously reported. Factors contributing to this are discussed. These include: previous strokes, advanced age, difficulty complying with instructions, and a hip capsule not contracted by osteoarthritis. Preventative factors are discussed. It is imperative to treat this group of patients differently from those having other hip arthroplasties, and to consider prophylactic bracing post-operatively. The capsule or pseudo-capsule should be preserved wherever possible.     

老年髋关节骨折手术治疗死亡率分析

目的 总结老年髋关节骨折手术治疗的术后死亡率,探讨术后患者死亡的原因. 方法 对1999年3月至2008年1月得到随访的349例老年(60～98岁)髋关节骨折手术治疗患者进行回顾性研究,总结总体死亡率和术后1年内死亡率,分析其构成特点及术后患者死亡的原因. 结果 手术治疗老年髋关节骨折术后死亡率为8.9%(31/349),术后1年内死亡率为5.4%(19/349).围手术期死亡3例,随访期内死亡28例.死亡原因依次为心血管事件(7例)、呼吸功能衰竭(7例)、慢性疾病引起的多器官功能衰竭(5例)、肿瘤(5例)、脑血管疾病(2例)、肝硬化(2例)、感染中毒性休克(1例)、脑外伤(1例),另1例原因不详.统计结果 显示年龄、性别是影响死亡率的主要因素,股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定患者死亡率(1.8%)低于股骨近端髓内钉固定患者(17.8%),差异有统计学意义(X2=9.407,P=0.006);女性患者的股骨颈骨折发生率(59.4%)明显高于男性(41.6%),差异有统计学意义(X2=10.040,P=0.006). 结论 与相关文献比较,手术治疗老年髋关节骨折能够获得较低的死亡率.完善术前准备,选择微创的手术方法 有助于降低死亡率.     

脆性髋部骨折的近期死亡率及相关危险因素研究

 目的观察脆性髋部骨折患者3个月、1年及随访期总的死亡率并分析与死亡率相关的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2012年12月治疗且获得随访的286例年龄超过50岁的脆性髋部骨折患者资料,男100例,女 186例;年龄50～97岁,平均（77.09±10.65）岁。统计患者3个月、1年、随访期总的死亡率,并分析与死亡率相关的危险因素,包括年龄、性别、是否手术、受伤到手术时间、住院期间是否出现肺部感染、伤前合并内科疾病数量及种类。结果286例患者随访时间为6～42个月,平均（21.42±9.88）个月,3个月累计死亡率为7.69%（22/286）;随访超过1年的患者有231例,1年累计死亡率为16.02%（37/231）;随访期累计总的死亡率为17.48%（50/286）。单因素分析结果显示,与死亡率相关的危险因素包括年龄、性别、是否手术、受伤到手术时间、伤前合并内科疾病数量、住院期间肺部感染、伤前合并心血管疾病及呼吸系统疾病。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄（OR=5.385,P=0.003）、是否手术（OR=21.217,P=0.000）、伤前合并内科疾病数量（OR=9.038,P=0.000）、伤前合并心血管疾病（OR=3.201,P=0.041）是影响脆性髋部骨折患者近期死亡率的独立危险因素。结论脆性髋部骨折患者近期死亡率高,3个月时为7.69%,1年时为16.02%;多种因素与死亡率相关,其中年龄、是否手术、伤前合并内科疾病数量、伤前合并心血管疾病是影响脆性髋部骨折患者近期死亡率的独立危险因素。伤后积极处理内科合并症,条件允许下尽早手术,可降低患者近期死亡率。     

Mortality following hip fracture surgery in patients with recent myocardial infarction

INTRODUCTION

In an elective setting, surgery is best avoided for at least 6 months following myocardial infarction. However, in the presence of a femoral neck fracture, this would most probably lead to significant complications in relation to prolonged immobilisation. There is no published mortality data for patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture following a recent myocardial infarction. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the mortality of hip fracture patients with a recent myocardial infarction that have undergone surgery at our institution.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Between January 2003 and October 2005, 2270 patients were admitted to our unit with a proximal femoral fracture. Of these, 11 patients were found to have a recent myocardial infarction.

RESULTS

Of these 11 patients, 8 were female. The average age was 78.2 years (range, 59–90 years). Average delay from the time of infarction to operation was 11.2 days (range, 3–23 days). Mortality at 1 and 6 months was 45.4% and 63.5%, respectively.

DISCUSSION

This is much higher than the overall reported mortality following proximal femur fracture. This information may be useful when planning future peri-operative care and discussing overall prognosis with patients and their relatives.     

Postoperative mortality and morbidity in octogenarians and nonagenarians with hip fracture: an analysis of perioperative risk factors

Objective:To evaluate the role of high risk factors in octogenarians and nonagenarians with hip trauma,which may lead to excessive mortality and morbidity postoperatively.Methods:Fifty-four octogenarians and nonagenarians patients were enrolled in the study,receiving surgical repair of hip fracture in our hospital from January 2006 to January 2010.High risk factors were recorded preoperatively in detail.Complications and survival state were followed up by telephone for 2 years postoperatively.All the data were analyzed by Chi-square test with SPSS 13.0.Results:Twenty-six males (48.1％),aged from 80 to 94years with a mean age of 84.2 years,and twenty-eight females (51.9％),aged from 80 to 95 years with a mean age of 83.4 years,were presented in the cohort study.The hip traumas were caused by daily slight injuries (52 cases) and car accidents (2 cases),respectively.Twenty-eight patients (51.9％) with femoral neck fracture while 26 patients (48.1％)with intertrochanteric fracture were diagnosed through an anterior-posterior pelvic radiophotograph.In this series,39patients (72.2％) suffered from one or more comorbidities preoperatively.The morbidity was 48.1％ and the major cause was urinary tract infection,while a significant difference was noted between females and males.The mortality was 20.4％ with a predominant cause of acute renal failure.Conclusions:The gender should be considered as a critical high risk factor in octogenarians and nonagenarians with hip trauma postoperatively.Females are more likely to suffer complications postoperatively,which is especially obvious in senile patients over 80 years (P＜0.05).Urinary tract infection is the most frequent complication after hip surgery,followed by low limb embolism and malnutrition.The mortality is dramatically greater in patients over 80 years old than those below,and major causes are acute renal failure,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and mental deterioration.Multidisciplinary consultations and mental assessment are encouraged in patients over 80 years old after hip trauma and surgery.Hip fractures in octogenarians and nonagenarians deserve special attention because of their advanced age and comorbidities.     

高龄髋部骨折行人工髋关节置换术后患者再入院危险因素分析

目的:探讨高龄髋部骨折行人工髋关节置换术后患者再入院的发生率及危险因素分析。方法:回顾性分析2015年2月至2020年10月接受人工髋关节置换的高龄髋部骨折患者237例,根据患者术后3个月再入院情况分为两组,其中再入院组39例,男7例,女32例,年龄(84.59±4.34)岁;未再入院组198例,男34例,女164例,年龄(84.65±4.17)岁。将两组患者的一般资料、手术情况、髋关节Harris评分和并发症纳入单因素分析,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析患者再入院的独立危险因素。结果:再入院组中合并症(脑梗死和冠心病)的比例明显高于未再入院组(P<0.05),再入院组中术中出血量明显高于未再入院组(P<0.05),髋关节Harris评分明显低于未再入院组(P<0.05)。在并发症方面,再入院组发生感染、谵妄、关节脱位、贫血和静脉血栓形成的比例明显高于未再入院组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高龄髋部骨折行人工髋关节置换术后患者再入院危险因素包括脑梗死、感染、谵妄、关节脱位、贫血和静脉血栓形成(P<0.05)。结论:高龄髋部骨折行人工髋关节置换术后再入院的患者并发症明显高于未再入院患者,脑梗死、感染、谵妄、关节脱位、贫血和静脉血栓形成是导致患者再入院的危险因素,临床可根据这些危险因素采取相应的干预措施,以此减低患者再入院的发生率。     

Pre-operative digital templating in cemented hip hemiarthroplasty for neck of femur fractures

Pre-operative digital templating allows the surgeon to foresee any anatomical anomalies which may lead to intra-operative problems, and anticipate appropriate instruments and implants required during surgery. Although its role is well-established in successful elective total hip arthroplasty, little work has been done on its use in hip hemiarthroplasty in neck of femur fractures. We describe our initial experience of digital templating in 40 consecutive patients who have undergone cemented hip hemiarthroplasty, assessing templating accuracy between templated implant sizes to actual implant sizes. 81% of implanted heads were templated to within two head sizes, and 89% of implanted stems were templated to within two sizes. Although there was a moderately strong correlation of 0.52 between templated and actual head sizes, this correlation was not demonstrated in femoral stem sizes. Mean leg length discrepancy was −2.5 mm (S.D. 8.5), and the mean difference in femoral offset between the operated and non-operated hip was −1 mm (S.D. 4.4). Digital templating is a useful adjunct to the surgeon in pre-operative planning of hip hemiarthroplasty in the restoration of leg length and femoral offset. However, its accuracy is inferior to that of elective total hip arthroplasty.     

Digital templating in hip hemiarthroplasty: Is it possible to accurately predict femoral head size from magnification alone?

BackgroundTemplating is an integral part of pre-operative planning in elective hip arthroplasty to achieve favourable long-term outcomes, but its applications in trauma surgery remain limited. When templating from radiographs without a calibration marker, there is always an element of magnification which must be accounted for. Our aim was to establish our institute-specific magnification and to determine whether using this to predict femoral head size in hemiarthroplasty was more accurate than using set magnifications previously reported in the literature.Materials & methodsFifty consecutive patients who underwent hip hemiarthroplasty were retrospectively identified, their pre-operative radiographs reviewed and femoral head measured with templating software. Intra- and inter-observer reliability analyses were performed. Using this value, and two set values of 15% and 21% magnification, we attempted to predict femoral head sizes of our original cohort. The results were compared using paired t-test to ascertain if there was any significant difference in accuracy.ResultsWe established our institute-specific magnification as 17%. Inter- and intra-observer reliability were excellent. However, using this magnification we were only able to correctly predict to within ± one femoral head size in 49% of patients. There was no significant difference in accuracy comparing our institute-specific magnification with other magnifications from the literature.ConclusionWe would not recommend using magnification factor in digital templating software as this could potentially lead to errors in predicting final femoral head size in hip hemiarthroplasty and adversely affect patient outcomes.     

老年股骨转子间骨折术后一年死亡率及其危险因素分析

目的 总结老年股骨转子间骨折患者术后1年的死亡率,并探讨与死亡相关的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2005年8月至2011年8月杭州地区6家医院经手术治疗且获得随访的1854例老年股骨转子间骨折患者资料,男705例,女1149例;年龄65 ～98岁,平均79.4岁.统计患者术后1年内的死亡率及主要死亡原因,并应用logistic回归模型分析与术后1年死亡相关的危险因素. 结果 术后1年内共有297例患者死亡,死亡率为16.0％ (297/1854).主要死亡原因包括感染93例,心脏疾患38例,神经系统疾患53例,肿瘤63例.Logistic回归分析结果显示:患者年龄[OR=5.053,95％CI(1.517,16.829),P=0.000]、性别[OR=0.376,95％ CI (0.122,1.161),P=0.002]、术前内科合并症[OR =3.236,95％CI (1.553,6.746),P=0.001]、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级[OR=6.057,95％CI (1.968,18.641),P=0.000]、受伤至手术时间[OR=1.928,95％CI(0.979,3.796),P=0.009]和住院时间[OR=3.875,95％CI(0.368,6.542),P=0.001]是术后1年死亡的独立危险因素. 结论 年龄、性别、术前内科合并症、ASA分级、受伤至手术时间及住院时间为老年股骨转子间骨折患者术后1年死亡的独立危险因素.     

Surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures after total or hemiarthroplasty of the hip

Abstract We report the clinical and radiographical results of surgical treatment of 45 patients with femoral fractures after hip replacement, seen at the Orthopaedic and Trauma Center (CTO) of Florence from 1980 to 1997; fractures treated conservatively were excluded from this retrospective review. There were 30 fractures in patients with homolateral total hip prosthesis and 15 in patients with homolateral hemiarthroplasty of the hip. The mean age of the patients was greater in the second group than in the first group (79 vs. 72 years). Fractures were classified according to Duncan and Masri as types B1 (n=16), B2 (n=13), B3 (n=10) and C (n=6). They were treated surgically by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using cerclage (n=9), plates and screws (n=19), or plates and cerclage (n=2), or revision procedure using long, non-cemented stems (n=13) and a two stages revision in procedure in two cases in whom fractures occurred because of deep infection. At follow-up we evaluated healing, complications, leg length discrepancies, thigh pain, and the patients subjective satisfaction. We found non-union only in 1 case (2.4%). Our results confirm the strict correlation between surgical indications and clinical results: ORIF can be safely proposed only if the stem is well fixed. In fact, all 6 unsatisfactory outcomes (14.3%) were due to technical errors during the surgical procedures: the fractures healed (ORIF was correctly performed) but the stems were unstable and continued to give pain and discomfort.     

Multi-state analysis of hemi- and total hip arthroplasty for hip fractures in the Swedish population—Results from a Swedish national database study of 38,912 patients

Introduction

Hip fractures are a common problem of the elderly population with significant mortality and morbidity. The choice between total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty depends on multiple factors including comorbidity. The Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register (SHAR) provides a unique opportunity to study mortality and revision rates in this population. Linkage with government databases allow for in-depth research into the factors that influence risk of revision surgery and death in the hip fracture patient.

老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的危险因素分析

目的: 探讨老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的发生率及其相关危险因素为预防再次骨折提供依据。方法: 回顾分析2012年6月至2017年6月接受髋关节置换术或股骨近端髓内钉固定术治疗的65岁以上股骨颈骨折或转子间骨折452例患者的临床资料,男168例,女284例;年龄65~97(75.5±7.5)岁;股骨颈骨折191例,股骨转子间骨折261例;按照术后健侧髋部是否存在骨折,分为骨折组和无骨折组,记录两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、骨折类型、初次治疗方式、骨密度、医疗依从性、术后是否短期谵妄、伤前是否并存内科疾病及末次随访髋关节Harris评分。应用单因素Logostic回归分析筛选出术后健侧骨折的危险因素,再将有统计学意义的危险因素纳入多因素Logostic回归分析,筛选出老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的独立危险因素。结果: 452例患者中42例发生健侧髋部骨折,发生率为9.3%,两次骨折发生相隔时间平均(2.9±2.1)年。单因素Logistic回归分析结果示年龄、骨密度、医疗依从性、术后短期谵妄、伤前合并内科疾病及末次随访髋关节Harris评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析显示年龄(OR=4.227)、骨密度(OR=4.313)、合并内科疾病(OR=5.616),以及末次随访髋关节Harris评分分级低(OR=3.891),是老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论: 年龄、骨密度、合并内科疾病以及末次随访髋关节Harris评分分级低是老年髋部骨折术后健侧骨折的主要危险因素,术后3年内要加强内科疾病的治疗,抗骨质疏松,改善髋关节功能,以预防健侧髋部骨折的发生。     

Medium-term mortality after hip fractures and COVID-19: A prospective multi-centre UK study

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused 1.4 million deaths globally and is associated with a 3–4 times increase in 30-day mortality after a fragility hip fracture with concurrent COVID-19 infection. Typically, death from COVID-19 infection occurs between 15 and 22 days after the onset of symptoms, but this period can extend up to 8 weeks. This study aimed to assess the impact of concurrent COVID-19 infection on 120-day mortality after a fragility hip fracture.MethodsA multi-centre prospective study across 10 hospitals treating 8% of the annual burden of hip fractures in England between 1st March and 30th April, 2020 was performed. Patients whose surgical treatment was payable through the National Health Service Best Practice Tariff mechanism for “fragility hip fractures” were included in the study. Patients’ 120-day mortality was assessed relative to their peri-operative COVID-19 status. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.ResultsA total of 746 patients were included in this study, of which 87 (11.7%) were COVID-19 positive. Mortality rates at 30- and 120-day were significantly higher for COVID-19 positive patients relative to COVID-19 negative patients (p < 0.001). However, mortality rates between 31 and 120-day were not significantly different (p = 0.107), 16.1% and 9.4% respectively for COVID-19 positive and negative patients, odds ratio 1.855 (95% CI 0.865–3.978).ConclusionHip fracture patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection, provided that they are alive at day-31 after injury, have no significant difference in 120-day mortality. Despite the growing awareness and concern of “long-COVID” and its widespread prevalence, this does not appear to increase medium-term mortality rates after a hip fracture.     

Dissociation of bipolar hemiarthroplasty of the hip after dislocation. A report of five different cases and review of literature

Little information is available about the rare but serious disadvantage of dissociation of modular components during dislocation or after close reduction in the bipolar hemiarthroplasty of the hip. In most cases, simple dislocation after primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty can safely be reduced by close methods. Dissociation leads almost always to reoperation and possible revision of the prosthesis. To avoid this complication, strict adherence to the surgical technique during the initial procedure and extra precaution during close reduction are recommended, in order to provide enhanced security over component disassembly. In the five cases presented in this study, dissociation is reported at different circumstances, along with the different methods of treatment required in each patient.     

空心螺钉捆绑带结合半髋关节置换治疗高龄粗隆间骨折的近期疗效

目的探讨空心螺钉捆绑带结合半髋关节置换治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的近期疗效。 方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2017年8月新疆自治区人民医院收治的采用后外侧手术入路,股骨双动头置换结合空心螺钉及捆绑带重建股骨大粗隆的方法,治疗股骨粗隆间骨折尤其是股骨外侧壁破坏较为严重的高龄患者。术后第1天、第1、3、6个月及1年复查C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、血常规以及X线片,观察术后X线片是否达到骨性愈合,捆绑带及空心螺钉是否松动,股骨柄假体有无松动及下沉,使用Harris髋关节评分（HHS）评价患者髋关节功能,利用直立行走试验（TUG）评估关节活动。 结果15例患者术后1年的X线片均可见大转子骨折实现了骨性愈合,空心螺钉及捆绑带未见松动,骨水泥长柄稳定,未见明显松动及下沉,C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、血常规均正常,伤口局部无红肿,无感染征象。Harris评分：末次随访的HHS评分为（76±17）分。末次随访TUG为（17±9）s。术后2例患者出现大粗隆外侧活动后出现轻度疼痛,休息可缓解。末次随访,臀中肌外展肌力达到5级的共5例,4级共4例,3级的共3例。残留轻度跛行的3例,均为臀中肌外展肌力3级（2例）者。1例对手术疗效较不满意,跛行（1例）,其余14例表示非常满意或比较满意。所有患者均于术后3 d内下地行走。 结论采用股骨双动头置换,结合空心螺钉及捆绑带重建股骨大粗隆的方法,治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折,可获得早期初始稳定性,帮助患者早日下床活动,近期疗效较好,显著提高了患者的生活质量。     

治疗方式和行走能力对高龄髋部骨折患者死亡率的影响

目的:探讨高龄髋部骨折患者治疗方式和活动能力与死亡的关系。方法:对126例高龄髋部骨折患者进行随访研究,其中男53例,女73例,年龄61~92岁,平均72.6岁。通过患者坐起时间,行走时间,手术后5周时行走时间、距离分析治疗方式与患者活动能力的关系,以及活动能力和患者死亡率的关系。结果:高龄髋部骨折住院期间死亡5例,2年随访期内死亡30例。治疗方式与患者的活动能力明显相关,术后活动能力与患者的死亡率明显相关。结论:高龄髋部骨折患者早期恢复活动能力可明显降低死亡率,关节置换可获得最好的活动恢复。     

老年髋部骨折术后对侧髋部再骨折的危险因素分析

目的 :探讨老年髋部发生二次骨折的相关风险因素,为预防对侧髋部再骨折提供临床依据。方法 :回顾性分析2008年12月至2014年2月378例老年髋部初次骨折患者的资料,男175例,女203例;年龄60~90岁,平均(75.53±8.04)岁;股骨颈骨折125例,股骨粗隆间骨折253例。术后随访12~36个月,平均24.9个月,32例患者发生对侧髋部再骨折,男13例,女19例;年龄72~95岁,平均(81.25±5.94)岁;股骨颈骨折7例,股骨粗隆间骨折25例。根据患者术后有无对侧髋部再骨折分为骨折组和无骨折组,比较两组患者的年龄、性别、初次骨折类型、内固定方式、卧床时间、骨质疏松情况、合并内科疾病情况、术后功能锻炼、治疗的依从性、生活环境(农村/城市)和末次随访时Harris评分,对于P0.05的因素进行多因素Logistic回归性分析。结果:骨折组与无骨折组的年龄、骨质疏松情况、合并内科疾病情况、术后功能锻炼、医疗依从性及末次随访时Harris评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示:骨质疏松(OR=6.793,P=0.001),高龄(OR=4.170,P=0.002),合并内科疾病(OR=3.828,P=0.005),术后功能锻炼(OR=0.297,P=0.005)以及医疗依从性(OR=0.295,P=0.007)是老年髋部骨折术后对侧髋部再骨折的主要危险因素。结论:老年髋部骨折术后对侧再骨折主要危险因素是高龄、骨质疏松、合并内科疾病、术后功能锻炼和医疗依从性。术后需加强抗骨质疏松治疗、积极治疗内科疾病,坚持功能锻炼,以预防髋部再次骨折的发生。     

Primary hemiarthroplasty for unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: A retrospective case series

Background:

The management of unstable osteoporotic intertrochantric fractures in elderly is challenging because of difficult anatomical reduction, poor bone quality, and sometimes a need to protect the fracture from stresses of weight bearing. Internal fixation in these cases usually involves prolonged bed rest or limited ambulation, to prevent implant failure secondary to osteoporosis. This might result in higher chances of complications like pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, pneumonia, and decubitus ulcer. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of primary hemiarthroplasty in cases of unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 37 cases of primary hemiarthroplasty performed for osteoporotic unstable intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA type 31-A2.2 and 31-A2.3 and Evans type III or IV fractures). There were 27 females and 10 males with a mean age of 77.1 years (range, 62–89 years).

Results:

Two patients died due to unrelated cause (myocardial infarction) within 6 months of surgery and remaining 35 patients were followed up to an average of 24.5 months (range,18–39 months). The average surgery time was 71 min (range, 55–88 min) with an average intraoperative blood loss of 350 ml (range, 175–500 ml). Six patients needed blood transfusion postoperatively. The patients walked on an average 3.2 days after surgery (range, 2–8 days). One patient had superficial skin infection and one had bed sore with no other significant postoperative complications. One patient of Alzheimer’s disease refused to walk and had a poor result. A total of 32 out of 35 patients (91%) had excellent to fair functional results and 2 had poor result with respect to the Harris hip score (mean 84.8±9.72, range 58-97). One patient who had neurological comorbidity refused to walk post operatively and was labeled as failed result.

Conclusion:

Hemiarthroplasty for unstable osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in elderly results in early ambulation and good functional results although further prospective randomized trials are required before reaching to conclusion.