A survey of seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis

The article reports the result of serological investigation on toxoplasmosis among human,animaland fowl populations in Huimin District,Shandong Province.2269 samples from 1471 people,133pigs,343 sheeps,127 goats,75 chickens and 120 rabbits were tested by IHA method.There were 7％positives found in human,2.5～11.3％ in domestic animals and fowls.with the highest incicencein pigs.There are marked difference in incidences between the group of farmers,cadres and the group     

Acknowledgements to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and timeto the peer review,a critical process to ensure the qualityof World Journal of Gastroenterology.The editors andauthors of the articles submitted to the joumal are gratefulto the following reviewers for evaluating the articles(including those were published and those were rejectedin this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

Acknowledgments to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review, a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those were published and those were rejected in this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

Acknowledgments to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review, a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those were published and those were rejected in this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

Acknowledgements to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review, a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those were published and those were rejected in this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

Acknowledgements to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and timeto the peer review,a critical process to ensure the qualityof World Journal of Gastroenterology.The editors andauthors of the articles submitted to the journal are gratefulto the following reviewers for evaluating the articles(including those were published and those were rejectedin this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

Acknowledgments to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review,a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those published in this issue and those rejected for this issue) during the last editing time period.     

Acknowledgments to Reviewers of World Journal of Gastroenterology

Many reviewers have contributed their expertise and time to the peer review, a critical process to ensure the quality of World Journal of Gastroenterology. The editors and authors of the articles submitted to the journal are grateful to the following reviewers for evaluating the articles (including those were published and those were rejected in this issue) during the last editing period of time.     

中间型和混合型人工肝对肝衰竭支持效果对比研究

目的　比较中间型 (血浆置换 )和混合型 (血浆置换加血液灌流吸附 )人工肝支持方法对肝衰竭患者肝功能的支持效果及安全性。方法　 1999- 0 1～ 2 0 0 2 - 0 2第三军医大学西南医院住院的 5 1例重型病毒性肝炎肝衰竭患者分别进行血浆置换 (17例 )和血浆置换加血液灌流吸附 (34例 )治疗 ,观察治疗前后患者临床症状变化 ,比较治疗前、后肝肾功能、血常规、凝血酶原时间变化。结果　血浆置换和血浆置换加血液灌流吸附治疗后 ,患者的临床症状均有不同程度改善。两种方法治疗后转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、凝血酶原时间、总蛋白、凝血酶原活动度的改善程度均差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但两种治疗方法间比较各项指标变化程度均差异无显著性。两种方法治疗的不良反应均较轻。结论　中间型、混合型人工肝对重型肝炎肝衰竭患者的肝功能均有肯定的支持效果。     

血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎临床疗效观察

目的　观察人工肝支持系统血浆置换对慢性重型肝炎的疗效。方法　对 32例慢性重型肝炎患者给予血浆置换 59次。观察患者临床症状、肝肾功能、电解质、凝血酶原活动度(PTa)、血氨、血常规变化。结果　血浆置换后,患者临床症状均得到不同程度的改善。血浆总胆红素、直接胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶、天门冬氨酸转氨酶、血氨较治疗前明显降低 (P<0 01或P<0 05 ),PTa上升 (P<0 05)。不良反应较轻。早期重症肝炎 7例全部存活(100% ),中期重症肝炎 15例中存活 10例(66 7% ),晚期重症肝炎 10例存活 3例(30% )。结论　血浆置换对早、中期慢性重症肝炎疗效较好。     

血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎临床疗效观察

目的 探讨血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的疗效。方法 47例慢性乙型重型肝炎患者分成治疗组和对照组，在综合治疗的基础上，治疗组同时给予血浆置换治疗，观察两组治疗效果。结果 血浆置换后，患者临床症状有不同程度的改善；血浆总胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶、凝血酶原时间较治疗前明显降低。血浆置换的不良反应发生率为17．1％。治疗组成活率61．11％，高于对照组的31．03％（P〈0.05）。结论 血浆置换治疗重型肝炎安全、有效。     

Effect of artificial liver support system on patients with severe viral hepatitis： A study of four hundred cases

AIM: To assess the effect of artificial liver support system (ALSS) on patients with severe viral hepatitis, who were divided into treatment group and control group. METHODS: Four hundred in-hospital patients enrolled during 1995-2003 who received ALSS therapy were studied as the treatment group. Four hundred in-hospital patients enrolled during 1986-1994 who received other medical therapies served as the control group. The methods of ALSS used included plasma exchange, hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF). The effect of ALSS treatment was studied in patients at different stages of the disease. RESULTS: The cure rate of acute and subacute severe hepatitis in the treatment group was 78.9% (30/38), and was 11.9% (5/42) in the control group. The improved rate of chronic severe hepatitis in the treatment group was 43.4% (157/362), and was 15.4% (55/358) in the control group. We found that patients treated with ALSS in the early or middle stage of the disease had much higher survival rates than patients in the end stage of the disease. CONCLUSION: ALSS is an effective and safe therapy for severe viral hepatitis.     

两种膜型血浆分离器治疗重型肝炎的疗效比较

目的 观察两种不同材料制备的膜型血浆分离器Evacure-4A与PS-06进行血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的疗效。方法 63例患者在内科综合治疗基础上联合血浆置换治疗,其中应用Evacure-4A膜型血浆分离器28例(A组),应用PS-06膜型血浆分离器35例(B组),检测治疗前、后肝功能。结果 经单次血浆置换治疗后,两组患者的总胆红素及直接胆红素明显降低,A组患者分别下降(41.6±10.6)％和(42.1±11.9)％,B组患者分别下降(42.1±11.9)％和(43.4±8.3)％,两组比较t值分别为0.98和0.7 3,P值均>0.05;两组患者血清白蛋白水平均有轻度升高,A组血清白蛋白上升幅度大于B组,A组为(8.3±10.7)％,B组为(3.4±9.3)％,t=2.76,P<0.01。结论 膜型血浆分离器Evacurc-4A可以减少白蛋白丢失,优于膜型血浆分离器PS-06。     

混合型人工肝支持系统治疗慢性重型肝炎

目的 评价混合型人工肝支持系统治疗慢性重型肝炎患者的临床疗效。方法 应用内含5×10~9以上猪肝细胞的生物反应器结合血浆置换装置,构建混合型人工肝支持系统(HALSS),并用于治疗15例慢性重型病毒性肝炎患者。结果 每次治疗后患者临床症状不同程度减轻,乏力、腹胀明显改善,腹水减少。总胆红素在混合型人工肝支持系统治疗后由(493.5±139.8)μmol/L降至(250.9±91.3)μmol/L,凝血酶原活动度由(24.5±8.4)％升至(30.6±6.3)％。15例患者中11例经混合型人工肝支持系统治疗肝细胞迅速坏死得到控制,最终好转出院,4例患者病情无好转死亡。15例患者治疗中未发生严重不良反应。结论 混合型人工肝支持系统对于慢性重型肝炎是一种有效的辅助支持和治疗手段。     

人工肝支持系统治疗慢性重型肝炎的临床研究

目的探讨利用普通血液透析机进行人工肝(血浆置换联合血液透析)治疗慢性重型肝炎的临床疗效。方法对68例慢性重型肝炎进行186次人工肝支持治疗,观察治疗前、后临床症状的变化,血生化肝、肾功能指标的变化,预后情况及不良反应。结果全部病例均出现精神状态好转,肝性脑病程度减轻,乏力、腹胀减轻,食欲改善,尿量增加,全身水肿减轻;肝功能指标有明显改善:TBIL、ALT、AST、TBA、BUN、Cr、NH3均明显降低,ALB、PA 均明显提高(P<0.001～<0.05)。早、中期患者存活率明显高于晚期患者,两者比较有显差异(P<0.001)。结论利用普通血液透析机进行人工肝(血浆置换联合血液透析)治疗慢性重型肝炎操作方便,治疗安全、有效;人工肝治疗时应掌握时机,早期治疗。     

分子吸附再循环系统及血浆置换在重型肝炎治疗中的疗效比较

目的　比较分子吸附再循环系统 (molecularadsorbentrecirculatingsystem ,MARS)及血浆置换 (plasmaexchange ,PE)治疗重型肝炎患者的临床疗效。方法　 3 80例急性、亚急性及慢性重型肝炎患者中 ,MARS组 60例、PE组 3 0 0例及MARS +PE组 2 0例。比较三组的治愈好转率、肝性脑病的改善、血清胆红素 (SBIL)及凝血酶原活动度 (PTA)的变化。结果　 3 80例患者总的治愈好转率为 48 9% ( 186/3 80 ) ,其中MARS组 5 8% ( 3 5 /60 ) ,PE组 46% ( 13 8/3 0 0 ) ,MARS +PE组 64 %( 13 /2 0 ) ;67例并发肝性脑病者中 ,18例应用MARS治疗后 5例神志转清、7例神志改善、6例无效 ,有效率 67% ;49例应用PE治疗后 11例神志转清、16例神志改善、2 2例无效 ,有效率 5 5 % ,两组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;与治疗前比较 ,治疗结束及 2天后SBIL较治疗前下降 :MARS组为 2 9%及 2 1%、PE组为 3 7%及 19% ;治疗结束时PTA∶MARS组无明显变化 ,PE组则平均提高 2 0 % ,但 2天后复查又接近治疗前水平。结论　MARS及PE对重型肝炎患者均有较好的临床疗效 ,MARS治疗后病情的稳定性要优于PE ,两者结合应用疗效更优     

人工肝血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的疗效观察

目的 观察人工肝血浆置换治疗重型肝炎患者的临床疗效.方法 80例重型肝炎患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组在内科综合治疗的基础上进行血浆置换,对照组仅予以内科综合治疗,观察两组治疗前后的临床症状、体征和肝肾功能、凝血功能指标变化,并对预后进行分析,评价临床疗效.结果 血浆置换治疗后,患者临床症状均有不同程度改善,肝肾功能及凝血酶原时间明显好转,与本组治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),与对照组治疗后相比,除Alb外各指标差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);治疗组总有效率为65.0％,其中早期治疗有效率为88.9％,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 人工肝血浆置换是治疗重型肝炎的有效手段,对于早期患者疗效更好.     

血浆吸附灌流联合血浆置换加用恩替卡韦治疗乙型肝炎相关慢加急性肝衰竭的临床疗效

目的观察血浆吸附灌流(PP)联合血浆置换(PE)的组合型人工肝方法加恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗乙型肝炎相关慢加急性肝衰竭(HBV-ACLF)的临床疗效。方法将PP和使用少量血浆的PE联合在1次治疗模式中完成,治疗35例68例次肝衰竭患者,检测治疗前、结束时及治疗结束72 h时患者血清总胆红素(TBil)、凝血酶原活动度(PTA)、血清白蛋白(Alb),与同期进行的34例66例次单纯PE治疗患者做对照,两组患者皆予恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗。结果 (1)治疗1个月时并发症发生率2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗1个月时HBV DNA下降超过100倍的患者比率分别为治疗组68.6%,对照组61.8%,2者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)治疗组和对照组患者治疗1个月时好转率(62.9%,61.8%),生存率(68.6%,64.7%),累积3个月生存率(65.7%,64.7%),6个月生存率(65.7%,61.8%),差异皆无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。(3)2组患者治疗结束及治疗结束72 h时TBil均明显低于治疗前水平(P均<0.05),治疗组在治疗结束时TBil下降幅度更大(P<0.05),在治疗结束72 h时2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组患者在治疗结束时PTA无明显升高(P>0.05),而对照组在治疗结束时PTA升高(P<0.05)。治疗组患者在治疗结束时Alb较治疗前无明显变化(P>0.05),而对照组在治疗结束时Alb显著升高(P<0.05)。结论本研究建立的PP联合PE及恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗方法,血浆用量少,抗病毒疗效好,治疗HBV-ACLF患者安全有效。