抗青光眼手术对原发性开角型青光眼血流动力学的影响

目的 探讨原发性开角型青光眼（primary open-angle glaucoma,POAG）眼血流动力学变化,观察抗青光眼手术对眼血流动力学的影响。方法 利用标准化彩色多普勒成像（color Doppler imaging,CDI）技术检测POAG患者16例20眼手术前后的眼球后血流状态。结果 抗青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉和睫状后短动脉血流速度较术前明显提高,血流阻力下降。结论 抗青光眼术后眼血流可得到改善,有益于保护视功能。CDI检测技术应标准化,实现检测结果的可比性。     

彩色多普勒成像技术对老年黄斑变性眼血流动力学的研究

目的：以彩色多普勒成像（CDD）技术探讨老年黄主变性（AMD）眼血液灌注缺损。方法：应用CDI技术检测非渗出型AMD患者30例（60只眼）的眼动脉（OA），颞、鼻侧睫状后短动脉（TPCA、NPCA）及视网膜中央动脉（CRA）血流。动脉血流指标为PSV、EDV及RI。结果：非渗出型AMD与正常对照组比较，CRA、TPCA、NPCA的血流速度均明显降低（P＜0．01）。而眼动脉血流速度无明显变化（P＞0．05）。结论：（1）老年黄斑变性的鼻、颞侧睫状后短动脉的血流速度均降低，表明AMD的脉络膜血流灌注不良；（2）老年黄斑变性的视网膜中央动脉的血流速度降低，提示AMD除脉络膜灌注不良外，尚有较广泛的眼血流灌注异常。     

OCT血管成像在原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断中的应用

目的：探讨光学相干断层扫描( optical coherence tomography,OCT)血管成像技术对原发性开角型青光眼( primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)早期诊断的价值。方法：观察31例31眼早期POAG患者视盘血流情况。以分光谱振幅去相关 OCT血管成像技术测量视盘周围毛细血管密度及视盘大血管直径,分析与患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度及视野平均缺损度的相关性。结果：视盘上方毛细血管平均密度为7.34±1.40根/mm,与上方视网膜神经纤维层平均厚度呈正相关(P<0.05);视盘下方毛细血管平均密度为7.76±1.34根/mm与下方视网膜神经纤维层平均厚度呈正相关(P<0.05)。视盘大血管平均直径为94.71±11.20μm,与视野平均缺损度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论：OCT血管成像可以方便无创观察青光眼患者视盘血流情况,可以作为原发性开角型青光眼早期诊断的参考指标。     

前部缺血性视神经病变的临床分析

观察分析前部缺血性视神经病变（anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,AION）的发病危险因素、临床特征及治疗效果。 方法：回顾性分析46例51眼AION患者全身及眼部危险因素、临床症状、眼底、FFA、视野改变。治疗和控制全身性疾病,全身或局部应用糖皮质激素、血管扩张剂、神经营养剂,评价治疗效果。 结果：患者平均年龄53±10岁,全身性疾病包括高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、低血压、心脑血管疾病等。47.06%患者诉视力突然下降,64.71%患者眼底检查示视盘呈灰白色水肿,33.33%患者视野表现偏盲性缺损,56.86%患者FFA早期视盘弱荧光,晚期荧光增强。经治疗80.39%患者视力提高,视野缺损改善。 结论：AION是多病因眼病,高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、心脑血管疾病等是其发生的危险因素。突然视力下降、视盘灰白水肿、偏盲性视野缺损、FFA视盘早期弱荧光、晚期强荧光是其典型表现。综合治疗后患者可恢复一定视力视野。     

正常人眼球后动脉血流动力学参数相关性研究

目的：应用彩色多普勒成像技术（Color Doppler Imaging,CDI)对正常人视网膜中央动脉、睫状后动脉与眼动脉血流参数的相关关系进行研究。方法：应用CDI技术测量30例（60眼）正常人视网膜中央动脉（central retinal artery,CRA)、睫状后动脉（posterior ciliary artery,PCA)及眼动脉（ophthalmic artery,OA)的各段血流动力学参数。分析CRA、PCA与OA血流参数及OA段间血流参数关系。结果：CRA、PCA与OA各相应血流参数间均存在明显正相关关系（P＜0．05）。OA各部位相应血流参数间亦存在明显线性关系（P＜0．01）,并可建立直线回归方程。结论：应用CDI技术分析球后各动脉血流参数间的相互关系,对临床眼血流动力学研究具有重要的意义。     

OCT3检测视盘参数与视野的相关性研究

目的:研究第三代光学相干断层扫描仪(stratus optical co-herence tomography3000,OCT3)检测原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)视盘参数与视野平均缺损(mean defect,MD)的相关性,评估OCT3检测视盘参数在POAG早期诊断中的价值。方法:正常人43例(43眼)、48例原发性可疑型青光眼(SOAG)、55例(55眼)原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)。采用OCULUS Easyflied视野计和OCT3分别进行视野和视盘形态检测。比较OCT3检测三组间视盘参数的差异,分析青光眼组视野检测的视野平均缺损(MD)与OCT3视盘参数的关系。结果:OCT3检测三组间的视盘参数均存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。在原发性开角型青光眼组,RA与MD相关性最好(P<0.05)。结论:OCT3能够检测到青光眼的早期视盘结构的改变,且与MD有基本一致的较好相关性。OCT3检测视盘参数可用于POAG的早期诊断。     

应用OCTA分析不同分期原发性开角型青光眼患者视网膜的血流密度变化

目的分析应用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)评价不同分期原发性开角型青光眼患者(POAG)视网膜血流密度的变化。方法横断面研究。纳入2023年1月至7月郑州市第二人民医院收治的POAG者94例(122眼), 根据视野平均缺损(MD)将患者分为早期组(MD≥-6 dB)30例(44眼)、中期组(-12 dB≤MD<-6 dB)35例(40眼)和晚期组(MD<-12 dB)29例(38眼)。另选取健康志愿者31名(36眼)为对照组。采用OCTA检查比较各组视盘整体血流密度(VD)、视盘旁VD及黄斑浅层VD、黄斑深层VD。采用Pearson单因素相关性分析法检验视网膜血流与视野损害的相关性。绘制视盘整体VD、视盘周围VD及黄斑浅层VD、黄斑深层VD的受试工作者曲线(ROC), 计算曲线下面积(AUC)判断诊断效能。结果 POAG早期组、中期组及晚期组视盘区整体VD及周围VD、黄斑浅层VD及深层VD均低于对照组(均P<0.05), 且从早期组至晚期组视盘区整体VD、周围VD、黄斑区浅层VD及深层VD均逐渐降低(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示, 视盘整...     

海德堡激光眼底扫描仪对POAG患者视盘结构的研究分析

目的:评价海德堡激光眼底扫描仪(HRT-Ⅲ)对原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)不同发展阶段的诊断能力。方法:采用海德堡激光眼底扫描仪对POAG患者65例116眼和正常人60例114眼进行视盘断层扫描获取视盘结构各参数;将正常人和POAG患者以及各期POAG患者的视盘参数进行对比分析;将POAG患者的视盘结构参数与视野平均缺损值进行相关分析。结果:POAG患者与正常人的视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、盘沿容积、杯盘面积比、盘沿视盘面积比、线性杯盘比、平均视杯深度、最大视杯深度、平均RNFL厚度的差异有统计学意义。早期、进展期、晚期POAG患者的视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、盘沿容积、杯盘面积比、盘沿视盘面积比、线性杯盘比、平均视杯深度、平均视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度的差异有统计学意义。POAG患者的视杯面积、视杯容积、杯盘面积比、线性杯盘比、平均视杯深度与视野平均缺损值呈正相关,而盘沿面积、盘沿容积、盘沿视盘面积比、平均RNFL厚度则与视野平均缺损值呈负相关。结论:HRTⅢ能够有效地反映POAG各阶段的视盘改变,与视野相关性好,为POAG的诊断提供了依据。     

乙酰唑胺治疗黄斑囊样水肿的临床研究

目的：评价乙酰唑胺治疗黄斑囊样水肿(cystoid macular edema，CME)的疗效并探讨其药理机制。 方法：经眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein anglography，FFA)检查证实的CME患者37例40只眼，随机分为两组，分别给予乙胺唑胺和安慰剂4周，4周后两组交叉给药继续观察4周。在不同阶段进行视力、FFA、阈值化视野和视网膜电图(electro retinogram，ERG)检测；对其中12只眼进行了口服乙酰唑胺前后视网膜中央动脉血流的多普勒超声检测和视网膜血管计算机图像分析。 结果：乙酰唑胺治疗组52.5%的患眼黄斑水肿缓解或消退，75.0%表现为视力提高，总体10°阈值视野视敏度显著提高和ERGb波振幅明显增高，安慰剂组各项指标无明显改善，两组疗效有显著差别(P<0.05)。超声波检测显示CME眼血流缓慢。结论：乙酰唑胺具有明显提高患者视力、改善或缓解黄斑水肿的确切疗效，其机制可能与改善视网膜血流有关。 （中华眼底病杂志，1997，13：89-92）     

原发性开角型青光眼 HRT 视盘参数与视野缺损计分的关系

目的探讨原发性开角型青光眼(primary open an-gle glaucoma,POAG)病例的海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪(Hei-delberg retinal tomoscanner,HRT-Ⅱ)视盘参数与视野缺损计分的关系。方法对29例(30眼)POAG患者采用HRT-Ⅱ进行视盘检测;采用Humphrey视野计进行视野检查,运用AGIS计分系统并稍加改动对视野缺损情况进行计分,HRT参数包括视盘面积、视杯面积、盘沿面积、视杯容积、杯盘面积比、线性杯/盘比、平均视杯深度、视盘最大深度、平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视杯形态测量,将HRT视盘参数与视野计分进行相关统计学处理。结果HRT视盘参数中盘沿面积、视杯容积、杯盘面积比、平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视杯形态测量与视野缺损计分有直线相关关系。对视盘参数与视野计分进行逐步回归筛选变量时盘沿面积被选入,建立回归方程Y=12.351-5.123X(Y表示视野缺损计分,X表示盘沿面积)。结论POAG的视盘参数中盘沿面积与视野缺损计分关系最密切,视野缺损计分能对视野损害程度进行准确量化。     

Visual field defect and perfusion of the juxtapapillary retina and the neuroretinal rim area in primary open-angle glaucoma

• Background: At this time little information is available about the relationship between glaucomatous visual field defects and impaired blood flow in the optic nerve head. The purpose of this study was to examine blood flow of the juxtapapillary retina and the rim area of the optic nerve head in primary open-angle glaucoma with a borderline visual defect. • Methods: Juxtapapillary retinal and neuroretinal rim area blood flow was measured by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF). The visual field was evaluated by static perimetry (Octopus-G1). The optic nerve head was assessed on 15° color stereo photographs. We examined 116 eyes of 91 patients with POAG with controlled IOP and 66 eyes of 44 healthy individuals. The POAG group was divided into eyes with a mean defect lower than 2 dB (POAG group I) and in eyes with a mean defect equal to or greater than 2 dB (POAG group II). The mean age of POAG group I and POAG group II was 55±11 years and 57±10 years, respectively. The mean age of the control group was 45±15 years. The eyes of POAG group I had an average C/D ratio of 0.71±0.18 with an average mean defect of the visual field of 0.97±0.68 dB; the eyes of POAG group II had an average C/D ratio of 0.80±0.17 with an average mean defect of the visual field of 8.2±6.0 dB. The intraocular pressure on the day of measurement in POAG group I was 18.2±3.7 mmHg, in POAG group II 17.6±4.0 mmHg, and in the control group 15.1±2.5 mmHg. For statistical analysis, age-matched groups of 32 normal eyes of 32 subjects (mean age 52±10 years) were compared to 18 glaucomatous eyes of 18 patients (POAG group I, mean age 55±11 years) and 59 glaucomatous eyes of 59 patients (POAG group II, mean age 55±10 years). • Results: In the eyes of POAG group I and POAG group II, both juxtapapillary retinal blood flow and neuroretinal rim area blood flow were significantly decreased compared to an age-matched control group: neuroretinal rim area “flow” POAG group I −65%, POAG group II −66%; juxtapapillary retina “flow” POAG group I −52%, POAG group II −44%. All eyes of the POAG group I (MD<2 dB) and 56 of 61 eyes of the POAG group II (MD>=2 dB) showed a retinal perfusion lower than the 90% percentile of normal blood flow. We found no correlation between reduction of juxtapapillary or papillary blood flow and mean defect in POAG eyes. • Conclusion: Glaucomatous eyes with no defects or borderline visual field defects as well as glaucomatous eyes in an advanced disease stage show significantly decreased optic nerve head and juxtapapillary retinal capillary blood flow. Received: 2 December 1996 Revised version received: 7 February 1997 Accepted: 27 March 1997     

Absolute filling defects of the optic disc in fluorescein angiograms in glaucoma--a retrospective clinical study

BACKGROUND: Analysis of clinical importance of the size of filling defects in fluorescein angiograms in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), ocular hypertension and subjects with physiological excavations in comparison to visual field loss, optic nerve head morphology and hemodynamics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 75 patients (POAG, NTG, ocular hypertension) and 10 healthy subjects with physiological excavations were included in this study. In digitized video fluorescein angiograms (Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope) the size of absolute filling defects of the optic disc was quantified in the early venous phase and expressed by percentage of the optic disc. Visual fields were obtained by conventional static perimetry (Humphrey 24-2) and graded in stages of glaucoma visual field defects (Aulhorn I-V). Optic disc excavations were evaluated as cup-to-disc-area-ratios. RESULTS: The filling defects correlated with the visual-field loss stages of Aulhorn and the visual field indices MD (mean deviation), PSD (pattern standard deviation) and CPSD (corrected pattern standard deviation). There was no correlation with the index SF (short-term fluctuation) and with systemic hemodynamics (blood pressure, perfusion pressure) or the IOP. Absolute filling defects correlated with the cup-to-disc-area-ratio in NTG. The absolute filling defects were larger in patients with glaucoma (POAG, NTG) in comparison to patients without glaucomatous visual field loss (ocular hypertension, glaucoma-like discs). No difference of filling defects was found in the glaucoma group (POAG, NTG). Patients with NTG had larger excavations and lower systolic blood pressures than patients with POAG. CONCLUSION: The size of fluorescein filling defects may be useful as a parameter for the evaluation of an ischemic lesion of the optic nerve head. Absolute filling defects may differentiate POAG from ocular hypertension and NTG from glaucoma-like discs without field defects. The results support the hypothesis that in POAG and NTG disturbances of the circulation result in similar filling defects of the optic disc and visual field loss.     

图形视网膜电图检测原发性开角型青光眼视网膜功能的意义

目的 观察原发性开角型青光眼图形视网膜电图的改变及其特点,了解ＰＥＲＧ在检测ＰＯＡＧＰＹ视网膜功能方面的意义。方法 对３６例（５９只眼）ＰＯＡＧ及３２例（５９只眼）年龄相匹配的正常人进行ＰＥＢＧ检测。结果 ＰＯＡＧ患者ＰＥＲＧ的ＡＰ１、ＡＮ２、ＡＮ１、ＡＮ２／ＡＰ１下降;运用ＡＮ２＋ＡＰ１〈２．７及ＡＮ２／ＡＰ１下降;运用ＡＮ２＋ＡＰ１〈２．７及ＡＮ２／ＡＰ１〈０．７的方法,对已确认的ＰＯＡＧ进行     

Variations in ocular hemodynamics in patients with early and late glaucoma

PURPOSE: To determine the retrobulbar hemodynamics in glaucoma patients with different degrees of optic nerve damage. METHODS: Color Doppler imaging was performed in 52 patients with controlled primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and in 25 control subjects. Glaucomatous eyes were divided into early and late groups based on the perimetry findings. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index of the central retinal artery (CRA) and posterior ciliary arteries (PCA) were evaluated. RESULTS: Early glaucoma showed significantly decreased PSV in nasal PCA when compared with the normal. Late glaucoma showed significantly decreased PSV and EDV in the CRA and nasal PCA, and significantly decreased PSV in temporal PCA as compared with the control and early glaucoma. The resistive index of the CRA also increased significantly in late glaucoma. CONCLUSION: Eyes with advanced glaucomatous optic neuropathy were associated with more marked alterations in retrobulbar circulation than eyes with less nerve damage.     

Relationship between optic nerve head microcirculation and visual field loss in glaucoma

PURPOSE: To study the relationship between optic nerve head blood flow velocity and visual field loss in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS: This study included 44 eyes of 44 patients with POAG and 44 eyes of 44 patients with NTG. To evaluate optic nerve head blood flow velocity, the square blur rate (SBR) was measured by means of laser speckle flowgraphy. The correlation between SBR and Humphrey visual field indices was evaluated with linear regression analysis. RESULTS: In the NTG group, the average SBR at the superior and inferior temporal neuroretinal rim was positively correlated with mean deviation (MD) (r = 0.349, p = 0.020). The SBR at the superior or inferior temporal neuroretinal rim was positively correlated with the sum of the total deviations in the corresponding hemifields (r = 0.299, p = 0.049; r = 0.354, p = 0.019, respectively). The correlations between SBR and MD did not differ statistically between the NTG and POAG groups; however, no significant correlation between SBR and visual field indices was observed in the POAG group. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the change in the circulation of the optic nerve head may be related to visual field damage in the NTG group but may be less involved in visual field damage in the POAG group.     

原发性开角型青光眼HRT视盘结构参数与视野缺损相关性研究

目的探讨出现视野缺损与未出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼视盘结构参数的异同及视盘参数与视野平均缺损（MD）的相关性。方法应用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪（HRT-Ⅱ）和Octopus101视野G2程序对29例（50只眼）原发性开角型青光眼患者进行检查，对出现视野缺损与未出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼视盘结构参数进行比较，检测结果进行t检验；对出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼组的视盘各参数与视野平均缺损进行简单相关分析。结果视野出现缺损组与未出现缺损组的原发性开角型青光眼患者的视盘参数除视盘面积和轮廓线高度变化值外，其余各视盘参数间差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）；对出现视野缺损的原发性开角型青光眼患者HRT视盘各参数与MD进行相关分析显示，盘沿面积与MD间相关性最强（r=0．65，P=0．001）。结论HRT视盘参数能够较准确反映与视野损害相一致的青光眼性视盘改变，盘沿面积在HRT众多参数中最能反映青光眼的视野平均缺损程度。     

OCTA评估高度近视合并原发性开角型青光眼血管密度与视野缺损的相关性

目的：评估高度近视（HM）合并原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）血管密度及视盘形态学特点,分析血 管密度与视野缺损的相关性。方法：横断面研究。连续选取2019年3─12月就诊于长沙爱尔眼科 医院的HM合并POAG患者24例（44眼）,按视野平均偏差（MD）值将其分为早期POAG组（13例, 20眼）和中晚期POAG组（15例,24眼）,同时选取单纯HM 37例（50眼）作为对照组。所有患者均使用 光学相干断层扫描血管成像（OCTA）测量视盘和黄斑血管密度及结构参数,眼底照相计算视盘椭圆 度并行视野检查。单因素方差分析比较各组间血管密度、结构及视野参数的差异性,采用Pearson 或Spearman相关分析各指标与MD及视盘椭圆度的相关性。结果：与对照组相比,HM合并POAG 视盘旁毛细血管密度、中心凹深层血管密度及旁中心凹浅层血管密度降低（F=86.340、18.620、 42.757,均P<0.001）,并随病程的进展而加重。早期POAG组与对照组视盘椭圆度差异无统计学意 义（P=0.077）,中晚期POAG组视盘椭圆度小于对照组和早期POAG组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001, P=0.028）。与MD相关性最高的参数是平均视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度（r=0.782,P<0.001）, 其次是平均神经节细胞层（GCC）厚度（r=0.621,P<0.001）、旁中心凹浅层毛细血管密度（r=0.621, P<0.001）、视盘旁毛细血管密度（r=0.599,P<0.001）、中心凹深层毛细血管密度（r=0.420,P=0.002）。 视盘椭圆度与视盘旁毛细血管密度（r=0.318,P=0.002）、视盘面积（r=0.405,P<0.001）、平均RNFL 厚度（r=0.476,P<0.001）、平均GCC厚度（r=0.375,P<0.001）呈正相关。结论：HM合并POAG血管 密度的降低与视野缺损的相关性低于平均RNFL及GCC厚度,视盘椭圆度与血管密度的降低及结构 损伤存在相关性。OCTA可用于HM合并POAG的早期诊断。     

OCTA观察高度近视眼ICL植入术后视网膜血流密度的变化

目的：利用光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术（OCTA）观察高度近视眼行有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状 体（ICL）植入术对黄斑区视网膜血流密度、视网膜厚度的影响。方法：前瞻性临床研究。选取2019年 12月至2020年5月于南京医科大学附属眼科医院行ICL植入术的高度近视患者25例（43眼）,术眼 等效球镜度（SE）>-6.00 D。观察患者术前,术后1周、1个月、3个月的视力、眼压、拱高及黄斑区 视网膜血流密度、视网膜厚度的变化。数据采用方差分析进行统计分析。结果：患者手术前后各时 间点裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力总体差异均有统计学意义（F=500.975,P<0.001;F=16.032,P<0.001）, 术后各时间点指标均较术前明显提高（均P<0.001）。术后各时间点黄斑中心凹无血管区（FAZ）面积 均较术前减少（均P<0.001）,术后黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度（CRT）无明显改变。患者手术前后黄斑中 心凹、黄斑旁中心凹、颞侧、上方、鼻侧及下方各区域浅层视网膜血流密度差异均无统计学意义。 与术前相比,术后1周、1个月、3个月黄斑中心凹、颞侧、上方及下方各区域深层视网膜血流密度差 异均无统计学意义,而术后黄斑旁中心凹、鼻侧深层视网膜血流密度较术前均有所降低（均P<0.05）。 结论：OCTA观察显示高度近视眼行ICL植入术对鼻侧深层视网膜血流密度有影响,同时FAZ面积降 低,但对其余视网膜血流密度及视网膜厚度无影响。     

Open-angle glaucoma clinical presentation and management]

Both primary open-angle and normal-tension glaucoma belong to an identical spectrum of diseases. Clinical presentations of primary open-angle or high-tension glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) were studied in an attempt to determine prognostic, clinical factors and define the appropriate management. Clinical data obtained from 826 primary open-angle and normal-tension glaucoma patients were analyzed. In addition, the results of laboratory studies, including the immunological assay of heat shock protein (hsp) and gene analyses which were undertaken to identify risk factors at the molecular level, are discussed. 1. The identified prognostic factors were disk hemorrhage, peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy (PPA), maximum intraocular pressure (IOP), the recovery rate of skin temperature after exposure to cold, family history of glaucoma, systemic systolic channel blood pressure, and oral administration of Ca(2+)-channel antagonists. 2. Disk hemorrhage was observed in 30.5% of NTG patients and 15.4% of POAG patients. Cumulative probability of hemorrhagic events was 16.9% in POAG and 38.4% in NTG patients at the end of a 14.8-year follow-up. 3. The hazard ratio of disk hemorrhage decreased with the increase of IOP(26%/5 mmHg) and was 1.46 times higher in females than in males. Disk hemorrhage was closely associated with PPA: PPA becomes greater in association with the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in both POAG and NTG. No such correlation was noted in primary angle-closure glaucoma. 4. Color Doppler imaging analyses and the hourly determination of ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) indicated a difference in retrobulbar hemodynamics between OPP-mean deviation concordant and OPP-mean deviation discordant patients: a circulatory disturbance causally unrelated to OPP seems to be involved in the OPP-mean deviation discordant patients. 5. The oral administration of Ca(2+)-channel antagonists was shown to favorably influence retrobulbar hemodynamics in NTG patients. 6. Serum antigen titer to hsps(hsp 27, alpha B crystallin, human & bacterial hsp 60) was higher in both POAG and NTG patients than in normal subjects. None of the hsp-antigens was correlated to any morphometric parameters of the optic disk or any global indices of the visual field. 7. Myocilin mutation was noted in only 0.5% of POAG patients and 2.37% of NTG patients. The very low rate of occurrence precludes the value of mutation of the gene as a prognostic factor in open-angle glaucoma(OAG). 8. IOP reduction achieved by mitomycin-C trabeculectomy is effective in maintaining visual function in OAG eyes. 9. Brovincamine fumarate is effective in inhibiting the progression of glaucomatous field loss in NTG.