保留晶状体前囊的玻璃体晶状体切除术临床观察

【摘要】目的观察保留完整晶状体前囊的方法在晶状体切除联合玻璃体切除手术的临床效果。方法对伴有晶状体浑浊的玻璃体视网膜疾病68例（68眼）进行观察分析。做常规平坦部三通道玻璃体切除及晶状体切除术,玻切头从后方切除中央部晶状体后囊、晶状体核及皮质,保留周边部晶状体后囊及完整的晶状体前囊,然后进行玻璃体切除、视网膜复位等手术操作。结果术后随访12个月,本组68例中66例（97．06％）视网膜复位良好,视网膜脱离未复发;2例（2．94％）视网膜脱离复发经再次硅油填充后视网膜复位。术后6个月后行二期人工晶状体植入术。结论保留完整晶状体前囊的晶状体切除联合玻璃体切除术治疗伴晶状体浑浊的玻璃体视网膜疾病是一种缩短手术时间和减少并发症的安全而有效的手术方式。     

玻璃体切割联合保留前囊膜的晶状体切除治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变

目的　对老年糖尿病性视网膜病变患者采取玻璃体切割联合保留前囊膜的晶状体切除治疗并进行随访观察,以探讨其临床疗效。方法　以我院２０１０年３月至２０１２年８月收治的增生型糖尿病性视网膜病变老年患者５７例（６０眼）为观察对象。所有患眼均采取玻璃体切割联合保留前囊膜的晶状体切除治疗,一期不进行人工晶状体植入而行硅油填充。观察患者术前术后视力变化及并发症发生情况。结果　术后随访１２～２３（１６．４±２．５）个月,患眼术后视力较术前提高者５５眼（９１．７％）,视网膜复位率为１００％。术后有１１眼眼压增高,２眼出现虹膜新生血管,４眼发生局部虹膜粘连及４眼前囊膜３级混浊。结论　玻璃体切割联合保留前囊膜的晶状体切除是处理老年增生型糖尿病性视网膜病变的较好方法。     

保留周边部前囊膜的玻璃体晶状体联合手术的临床观察

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除保留周边部前囊膜治疗需行晶状体切除联合玻璃体切割术的眼外伤的临床疗效。

方法：诊断为眼外伤并需行晶状体切除联合玻璃体切割术的患者33例33眼,采用保留周边部前囊膜的晶状体切除术联合玻璃体切割术,术后Ⅱ期植入人工晶状体,随访6mo,观察视力、眼内压(IOP),人工晶状体位置,术中及术后并发症。

结果：所有患者视力均有不同程度提高,未发生明显的晶状体偏位和青光眼、视网膜脱离等并发症。

结论：玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除术保留周边部前囊膜治疗需行晶状体切除联合玻璃体切割术的眼外伤,减少了术中和术后并发症,视力恢复良好。     

玻璃体切割术中保留前囊膜的临床疗效观察

目的: 评价玻璃体手术中保留前囊膜的临床效果。方法: 选取 2004- 02/2005- 02 在我院行保留前囊膜的玻璃体晶状体联合切割手术患者 15 例, 其中巨大裂孔源性视网膜脱离患者 4 例, 糖尿病性视网膜病变(Ⅵ期)患者 2 例, 裂孔源性视网膜脱离患者 9 例(复发性裂孔原性视网膜脱离患者 3 例)PVR分级均在 C级以上。眼内注气者 6 例, 硅油填充者 9 例。追踪观察至少3mo, 根据其手术前后的视力及并发症对手术效果做出评价。结果: 所有患者术后视力都高于术前或与术前相等, 平均视力提高 3±3 行。有 8 例患者在术后 2mo 成功植入后房型人工晶状体( PCIOL) , 其中 2 例为硅油取出的同时植入, 另外 6 例为眼内注气患者。术后随访期间未发现角膜失代偿、瞳孔阻滞和视网膜再次脱离等并发症。结论: 完整保留前囊膜可以避免复杂性视网膜脱离患者在玻璃体联合晶状体切割术中和术后由于眼内注气或硅油填充而产生的并发症, 并有利于 PCIOL的植入,保留了虹膜的正常形态, 是一种理想的手术方式。     

玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的探讨以玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法对50例（50眼）人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离施用玻璃体切除术。其中16眼行硅油填充术，34眼行C3F8眼内填充。术后随访6～24月。结果术后视网膜最终完全复位49眼（98．00％）。15眼（30．00％）术中新发现裂孔。术后视力均有不同程度的提高。结论玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离具有术野清晰、易于寻找隐匿性裂孔、提高视网膜复位率及复发率低的优点。     

保留晶状体前囊的晶状体玻璃体视网膜联合手术

目的 回顾性比较保留晶状体前囊与否对晶状体玻璃体视网膜联合手术的疗效及术后并发症的影响。方法 将过去两年中的晶状体玻璃体视网膜联合硅油填充手术１０２例分为保留主体前囊组和未保留晶状体前囊组,比较二者的疗效及术后并发症的情况。结果 术后随访１－２个月,保留昌状体前囊组：视网膜完全复位者３２只眼,高眼压者３只眼,晶状体前囊透明者３５只眼;     

玻璃体切除眼内填充治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的观察玻璃体切除术联合眼内填充治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的疗效.方法对10例10眼人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离实施了玻璃体切除术,其中2例填充了硅油,8例行 C3F8 气体填充,对术后视网膜复位及视力恢复情况进行了回顾性分析.结果随访2～16个月,所有病例视网膜均复位,9例视力得到了提高,1例无改善.结论玻璃体切除术联合眼内填充是治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的有效方法.     

糖尿病性视网膜病变玻璃体切除术中保留前囊膜的二期人工晶状体植入术

目的 探讨糖尿病性视网膜病变(DR)行玻璃体切割联合晶状体切除术中保留晶状体前囊膜,二期行人工晶状体植入术的安全性和疗效.方法 回顾性分析26例(28只眼)玻璃体切割联合晶状体超声乳化、保留晶状体前囊膜,二期人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变(PDR)患者的临床资料.根据术前术后视力及并发症对手术效果进行评价.结果 随访期间所有患者术后视力均高于或接近于预期矫正视力.行二期人工晶状体植入术后,1只眼出现一过性高眼压;1只眼发生新生血管性青光眼;1只眼发生黄斑水肿和玻璃体积血.结论 保留前囊膜的玻璃体晶状体联合切割,二期行人工晶状体植入术治疗PDR安全、有效.     

在玻璃体切割术中保留前囊膜的临床观察

目的评价玻璃体手术中保留前囊膜的临床效果。方法选取2002年4月～2006年4月在我院行保留前囊膜的玻璃体晶状体联合切割手术治疗视网膜脱离患者36例,其中裂孔源性视网膜脱离患者17例,糖尿病性视网膜病变（VI期）患者19例。术中眼内注气者21例,硅油填充者15例。术后追踪观察至少3个月,根据其术前、术后的视力及并发症对手术效果做出评价。结果随访期间均发生不同程度前囊膜混浊、但不影响术后眼底的观察。所有患者术后视力均高于术前或与术前相等。其中16例患者二期植入后房型人工晶体。36例患者中1例发生视网膜脱离复发,1例硅油滴进入前房,未发生角膜失代偿、青光眼等并发症。结论完整保留前囊膜可以避免复杂性视网膜脱离患者术中和术后由于眼内注气或硅油填充而产生的并发症,并有利于PCIOL的植入,可以保留虹膜的正常形态,是一种理想的手术方式。     

外伤性白内障保留前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术

目的：探讨眼外伤时晶状体玻璃体切除术中保留晶状体前囊的作用。方法：对27例（27眼）外伤性白内障合并玻璃体浑浊或积血及眼内异物者，行经平坦部保留晶状体前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术，后房型人工晶状体睫状沟内固定I期植入13眼，Ⅱ期植入14眼；玻璃体腔内C3F8气体充填12眼，硅油充填2眼，观察手术疗效及并发症。结果：术后随访3－29月（平均8．4月），矫正视力＞0．3者23眼（85．2％），＞0．5者9眼（33．3％），1．0以上者2眼（7．4％），视网膜复位，术后并发症：前囊浑浊23眼（85．2％），脉络膜脱离2眼，视网膜脱离1眼。结论：眼外伤时保留晶状体前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术，有利于后房型人工晶状体植入，手术中对眼前段组织损伤轻，并为眼外伤其它并发症治疗创造有利条件。     

Silicone Oil Tamponade Combined with Lensectomy Preserving Anterior Lens Capsule

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effect and indication of silicone oil tamponade combined with lensectomy preserving anterior lens capsule.Methods: Silicone oil tamponade combined with lensectomy preserving anterior lens capsule was performed in 33 cases (33 eyes) of high myopia, proliferative vit-roretinopathy (PVR) D grade and giant retinal tear (CRT). 10 cases were only eye and 11 cases had harder nucleus of lens. The surgical methods included: 1. smashing lens nucleus and lensectomy preserving complete anterior capsule; 2. vitrectomy and membrane peeling; 3. usage of liquid perfluorocarbin or retinotomy for drainage; 4. silicone oil tamponade; 5. postoperative Nd; YAG laser for anterior capsulectomy. Results: Follow-up time was 6 months or more in 29 cases. Total retinal reattachment was achieved in 22 cases, macular retinal reattachment in 5 cases. The visual acuity was 20/800 to 20/200 in 13 cases, 20/100 to 20/50 in 12 cases. Visual acuity was significantly improved in GRT group (P < 0. 05     

Preservation of anterior capsule during vitrectomy and lensectomy for retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy

PURPOSE: To report a series of 15 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) or at high risk for advanced PVR, which underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and lensectomy (PPL) with preservation of the anterior capsule. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen consecutive patients with retinal detachment and varying degrees of PVR in one eye. METHODS: All eyes had undergone PPV and PPL with preservation and polishing of the anterior capsule and had at least 6 months of follow-up. Of the 15 eyes, grade C PVR was present preoperatively in 11 and was anterior in 5. Seven of 15 eyes had gas and 8 of 15 had silicone oil tamponade. Eight of 15 eyes had subsequent posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) placement; 5 eyes had simultaneous silicone oil removal. One eye had a PCIOL placed at the time of the PPL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, retinal reattachment, complications of gas or silicone oil tamponade, and anterior capsular clarity. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes had complete retinal reattachment at the final visit (1 of 15 had macular redetachment only). Final visual acuity was better or equal to preoperative acuity in all eyes, improving by 4 +/- 4 lines overall. No eyes had corneal decompensation, pupillary block, or other vision-threatening anterior segment complication. The anterior capsule remained centrally clear in the 13 eyes that did not have a primary central capsulotomy. One eye with minimal preoperative PVR developed hypotony. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal surgeons can preserve the anterior capsule in eyes with retinal detachment and PVR to help prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications of gas or silicone oil, simplify future PCIOL placement, and maintain a normal iris appearance.     

Vitrectomy, lensectomy and silicone oil tamponade in the management of retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment

AIM:To report the results of combined vitrectomy, lensectomy and silicone oil (SO) tamponade in treating primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) associated with choroidal detachment (CD).METHODS:A retrospective, consecutive and case series study of 21 subjects with concurrent RRD associated with CD was conducted. All subjects underwent a standard three-port 20G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with lensectomy and silicone oil tamponade. Mean follow-up time was 8 months (rang from 4 to 19 months). The primary and final anatomic success rate, visual acuity and final intraocular pressure(IOP) were recorded and analyzed.RESULTS:Of 21 subjects, 8 were women and 13 were men. Age at presentation ranged from 22 to 75 years (mean 57.4 years). The presenting vision ranged from light perception to 0.15. The initial IOP ranged from 3mmHg to 12mmHg (mean 6.2mmHg). All eyes were phakic except one pseudophakic. No intraocular lens was implanted during the primary surgical intervention. Fifteen of 21 (71.4%) eyes had retina reattached after one operation. Six eyes had recurrent inferior retinal detachment due to proliferation. Five of them were successfully reattached after one or more additional operations. Mean IOP at final follow-up was 15.2mmHg (range from 8mmHg to 20mmHg). One case declined for further operation. The final reattachment rate was 95.2%. Visual acuity improved in 19 (90.5%) eyes, was unchanged in 1 (4.8%) eye and decreased in 1 (4.8%) eye.CONCLUSION:Combination of vitrectomy, lensectomy and silicone tamponade is an effective method in treating RRD associated with CD, reducing the incidence of postoperative hypotony.     

Clear lens extraction with intraocular lens implantation during retinal detachment repair in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) [correction of autoimmune deficiency syndrome] and cytomegalovirus retinitis

OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcomes of clear lens extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation during repair of retinal detachment by vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve eyes of 10 patients with AIDS, CMV retinitis, and retinal detachment. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL placement at the time of vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for repair of retinal detachment. A targeted postoperative refractive error of -5.00 diopters (D) to -3.00 D was chosen in an attempt to counteract the hyperopic effect of silicone oil. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following factors were evaluated: postoperative visual acuity, refractive error, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 7 months (range, 1-46 months). For patients without macular necrosis, median best-corrected preoperative visual acuity was 20/75 (range, 20/20-20/800), and median best postoperative visual acuity was 20/50 (range, 20/20-20/400). Median final visual acuity was 20/140 (range, 20/25 to count fingers at 1 foot). The median postoperative refractive error (spherical equivalent) was -1.00 D (range, -4.00 D to +7.88 D). Reoperation was required in 3 of 12 eyes for recurrent macular detachment (1 with silicone oil underfill; 2 with proliferative vitreoretinopathy). The macula was attached in all eyes at last follow-up. Reattachment of the peripheral retina was achieved in 10 of 12 eyes. There were no anterior segment complications. CONCLUSIONS: Clear lens extraction with IOL placement during repair of retinal detachment with silicone oil tamponade does not seem to increase complications and may improve long-term visual rehabilitation, improve retinitis management by allowing better posterior segment visualization throughout the postoperative course, and decrease overall cost and morbidity associated with cataract extraction as a second procedure.     

松弛性视网膜切开术治疗视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网 …

目的 探讨松弛性周边视网膜切开术联合眼内激光治疗视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的效果。方法 对４４例视网膜脱离合并严重前增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的患者行松弛性周边视网膜切开术,联合眼内激光和硅油填充治疗。观察术后视网膜解剖复位,视功能及术后眼压变化情况。其中２２例取出了硅油。结果 ４４例全部获得视网膜复位（其中８例合并皱褶）,３８例获得不同程度的视力改善。２２例取出硅油后,有２１例视网膜     

Management of retinal detachment with choroidal coloboma.

Seventeen eyes with retinal detachment secondary to retinal breaks in the colobomatous area were managed by vitrectomy procedures. Endodrainage was done through the break in the colobomatous area, with simultaneous fluid-air exchange. Endolaser photocoagulation was performed along the colobomatous margin posteriorly, while the anterior portion was treated by transscleral cryopexy. Silicone oil was then exchanged with air. In nine cases, the silicone oil had to be removed for complications such as emulsification, glaucoma, and keratopathy; in three of these eyes, oil removal resulted in recurrent retinal detachment. At the 2-month follow-up visit, there was 100% anatomic success, and 12 eyes (70.6%) recovered visual acuity of 10/200 or better. Of the 11 eyes with follow-up of more than 6 months, in 9 (81.8%) the retina remained reattached at last-follow up, and in 6 eyes (54.5%) a visual acuity of 10/200 or better was obtained.     

Long-term results after epilenticular intraocular lens implantation following traumatic cataract

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the late postoperative outcome and complication rate after lensectomy with primary epilenticular intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for traumatic cataract. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 11 patients who were operated on for traumatic cataract after penetrating or blunt ocular trauma between 1997 and 2002. One patient developed cataract due to a large rupture of the posterior capsule after blunt trauma. Ten patients sustained a penetrating ocular injury with (7 eyes) or without (3 eyes) intraocular foreign body (IOFB). In all patients the IOL was implanted at the beginning of the operation into the ciliary sulcus in front of the opaque lens followed by pars-plana lensectomy and vitrectomy. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 27.4 months. Eight eyes (72.7 %) achieved a final visual acuity of 0.5 or better. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scars causing irregular astigmatism. In all patients the IOL was safely and easily implanted into the ciliary sulcus. During the subsequent pars-plana lensectomy and vitrectomy as well as during the follow-up period all IOLs remained anatomically stable and well centered. In one patient PVR retinal detachment had to be treated by pars-plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. CONCLUSIONS: Epilenticular IOL implantation followed by pars-plana lensectomy is an easy and safe method to treat traumatic cataract in the setting of penetrating ocular trauma repair. It is associated with a favorable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

全玻璃体切除术治疗巨大裂孔视网膜脱离的临床效果观察

目的观察全玻璃体切除手术治疗巨大裂孔视网膜脱离的效果。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象2003年7月至2008年1月连续在中山眼科中心就诊的原发性巨大裂孔视网膜脱离患者17例（17眼）。方法对所有17例（17眼）患者行全玻璃体切除手术治疗,术中做充分的全玻璃体切除,剥离粘连玻璃体皮质,重水压平视网膜后,切除视网膜裂孔后缘翻卷的边,眼内光凝,气饭交换和硅油填充。术中3例切除裂孔前瓣,9例切除合并裂孔前瓣的睫状体非色素上皮脱离。联合环扎1例,行晶状体咬切1例。术后平均随访24．5±8．5个月,观察视力、视网膜平伏情况及并发症,并作相应处理。主要指标视力、视网膜平伏情况及并发症。结果其中1例术后出现新裂孔,另1例术后7个月玻璃体增生牵拉导致视网膜脱离,其余15例患者在术后2～18个月顺利取出硅油,视网膜保持复位。失访1例。最后一次随访最好矫正视力：光感-指数2例,0．02±0．35例,0．5±0．76例,≥1．03例,与术前相比明显好转（χ2=17．01,P〈0．05）。结论平均随访2年的结果显示,全玻璃体切除术、部分视网膜切除、眼内光凝和硅油填充治疗巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离具有较好的手术效果。     

内窥镜引导玻璃体视网膜手术治疗伴有角膜混浊的外伤性视网膜脱离

目的探讨眼内窥镜引导玻璃体视网膜手术治疗伴有角膜混浊的外伤性视网膜脱离的效果及安全性。方法 2010年8月至2011年6月我院13例(13眼)伴有角膜混浊的外伤性视网膜脱离患者,在眼内窥镜引导下行玻璃体切割、视网膜激光光凝术及玻璃体硅油或重硅油填充术,术后随访6～15个月,观察视力、眼压、眼前段及眼底视网膜复位情况。患者术前视力:无光感者2眼,光感者5眼,手动者3眼,数指者2眼,0.02～0.05者1眼。结果所有患者视网膜均平伏,裂孔均封闭。术中1眼玻璃体内发现术前未能诊断的非磁性异物(睫毛)。术后4眼早期眼压偏低,2眼一过性眼压增高,经观察或药物治疗后恢复正常。术后6个月最佳矫正视力:无光感者2眼,光感者2眼,手动者2眼,数指者5眼,0.02～0.20者2眼。结论眼内窥镜扩展了玻璃体切割术的适应范围,提高了对伴有角膜混浊的外伤性视网膜脱离,尤其是伴有周边部视网膜裂孔者,实施玻璃体视网膜手术的准确性和安全性。