支撑喉镜联合纤维喉镜治疗巨大声带息肉

声带息肉及小结,多因长期用声过度或用声不当所致,是喉部的慢性病变.从组织病理学来看,两者属于同一病变发展过程中的两个不同阶段的表现.巨大声带息肉是指息肉的直径在0.5 cm以上,一般经药物保守治疗无效,手术摘除是唯一的治疗方法.以往大部分患者都采用间接喉镜或支撑喉镜下摘除.我科2004年10月至2006年9月对46例巨大声带息肉患者联合运用支撑喉镜和纤维喉镜手术治疗,取得了较满意的效果,现报告如下. [第一段]     

纤维喉镜与支撑喉镜下治疗声带息肉的疗效比较

目的比较对声带息肉患者采用纤维喉镜与支撑喉镜下治疗的临床疗效。方法选择2002年1月至2010年12月200例声带息肉患者随机分为纤维喉镜组支撑喉镜组,各100例,分别进行纤维喉镜及支撑喉镜组治疗。结果支撑喉镜组手术时间(46.67±18.78)min长于纤维喉镜组的(35.78±12.45)min(P<0.05);术后随访(6.23±4.12)月,两组简单型息肉总有效率(97.78%vs.95.56%)无显著性差异(P>0.05);复杂型息肉支撑喉镜组总有效率94.55%高于纤维喉镜组的81.12%(P<0.05),手术并发症发生率11.00%高于纤维喉镜组的3.00%。结论两种手术方式各有优点,又都存在不同局限性,具有一定程度的互补性;临床上应进行全面综合考虑以选择合适的手术方式。     

电子喉镜辅助支撑喉镜下治疗声带暴露困难患者48例

目的:探讨电子喉镜在支撑喉镜下声带暴露困难病例中的作用。方法:全麻支撑喉镜下声带暴露困难患者,在电子喉镜辅助下完成切除声带病变,术后随访6个月,评价其治疗效果。结果:48例声带暴露困难患者,术后随访均未见复发,声音恢复良好。结论:电子喉镜是治疗支撑喉镜下声带暴露困难较好的选择。     

全麻支撑喉镜下声带息肉手术48例治疗体会

目的：探讨全麻支撑喉镜下声带息肉手术的治疗经验。方法：总结分析48例声带息肉患者手术治疗的过程。结果：48例患者声带息肉的发生率与性别、年龄、职业有关,46例满意,2例复发。结论：全麻支撑喉镜下是声带息肉手术方法之一,视野清晰,效果良好。     

鼻内窥镜支撑喉镜下微波治疗声带小结

目的：总结鼻内窥镜支撑喉镜下微波治疗声带小结的方法。方法：在全麻下鼻内窥镜支撑喉镜下应用微波热凝治疗38例声带小结。结果：38例患者均一次手术成功，无手术并发症，35例患者治愈，3例好转。结论：在全麻下鼻内窥镜支撑喉镜下微波治疗声带小结具有安全、疗效显著的优点。     

显微支撑喉镜与纤维喉镜治疗声带息肉及小结的比较

临床上引起声嘶的病种较多，但以声带息肉及声带小结多见。我科于1995～1997年，对90例声带息肉及小结分别在显微支撑喉镜及纤维喉镜下手术治疗，治疗后进行了3个月～2年的随访观察，现报道如下。1资料与方法1．1一般资料：90例中，声带息肉58例（其中双侧声带息肉12例），声带小结32例，男47例，女43例，最大56岁，最小17岁，平均35．8岁。1．2手术方法：50例在显微支撑喉镜下进行手术，40例在纤维喉镜下手术。1．21显微支撑喉镜下手术方法；手术在全身麻醉、支撑喉镜和显微镜下进行，术前8小时禁食，术前半小时前给予鲁米那及阿托品肌注镇…     

支撑喉镜鼻镜下及纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带息肉的效果分析

目的探讨支撑喉镜鼻镜下及纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带息肉的效果。方法回顾性分析2015年4月至2017年3月102例声带息肉患者的临床资料,依据手术方案分为对照组(纤维喉镜下手术治疗,51例)与观察组(支撑喉镜鼻镜下手术治疗,51例),比较两组嗓音学指标、并发症与复发率。结果治疗后,观察组振幅微扰、标准化噪音能量、基频微扰值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组并发症发生率与1年后复发率分别为3.92%、1.96%,均低于对照组的15.69%、17.65%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论声带息肉患者通过支撑喉镜鼻镜下手术治疗,可有效调节嗓音学指标,减少并发症,且1年后复发率较低。     

显微支撑喉镜下声带手术的护理

声带疾患是由于用声不当或用声过度所引起,其手术通常采用直接喉镜或间接喉镜的方法.目前较先进的治疗方法就是显微支撑喉镜下进行声带手术.它能节约人力,充分暴露手术野,操作极为方便,提高手术成功率,特别是对直接喉镜下不易操作手术,或病人对喉部麻醉不敏感的病例.我科自2000年8月～2001年3月行显微支撑喉镜下声带手术63例,通过精心的护理,效果满意.     

支撑喉镜下声带息肉及小结手术护理

自１９８９年以来,我科开展支撑喉镜下喉肿物摘除术,其中声带息肉及小结摘除术共１２６例。我们配合医生开展了本病的专科护理,取得了良好的效果。现将护理体会报告如下。１ 临床资料 １２６例患者,男８３例;女４３例;其中年龄最大者５３岁,最小者１７岁,声带息肉６７例,声带小结５９例。２ 术前护理２．１ 对病人充分做好思想工作,使其对手术过程有基本了解,清除恐惧心理,稳定情绪。２．２ 术前需检查患者的心、肝、肾功能、血常规及血小板计数、出凝血时间,男病人术前需剃胡须。２．３ 术前一日晚口服鲁米那０．０６,术前禁…     

显微支撑喉镜下声带手术的护理

声带疾患是由于用声不当或用声过度所引起，其手术通常采用直接喉镜或间接喉镜的方法。目前较先进的治疗方法就是显微支撑喉镜下进行声带手术。它能节约人力，充分暴露手术野，操作极为方便，提高手术成功率，特别是对直接喉镜下不易操作手术，或病人喉部麻醉不敏感的病例。我科自2000年8月－2001年3月行显微支撑喉镜下声带手术63例，通过精神心的护理，效果满意。     

显微支撑喉镜下治疗喉良性增生性病变(附95例报告)

目的 探讨联合应用显微镜和支撑喉镜治疗喉部良性增生性病变的手术方法和优越性。方法 回顾性分析该科1998年6月～2003年6月间95例显微支撑喉镜下喉部良性病变手术的病例。结果 95例患者术后嗓音均恢复良好，术中无声带损伤及并发症，平均住院5d，术后嗓音恢复时间较其他手术方法治疗的患者缩短。术后随访1、2a均无复发。结论 喉良性增生性病变主要累及声带被覆层，嗓音声障碍的程度及疗效与受累范围有关。显微喉外科手术可以保留良好结构及功能，避免其他手术方法所致的创伤和并发症，具有术后嗓音功能恢复快、住院时间短等优越性。     

支撑喉镜下二氧化碳激光切除术治疗声带息肉的疗效评估

目的分析支撑喉镜下二氧化碳CO2激光切除术治疗声带息肉的疗效。方法将于2013年11月-2015年8月在该院接受手术治疗的118例声带息肉患者作为研究对象,根据具体治疗方式不同分为观察组(n=54)和对照组(n=64)。对照组患者接受支撑喉镜下常规切除治疗,观察组患者接受支撑喉镜下CO2激光切除术治疗,对比两组患者的治疗后嗓音学指标、急性时相蛋白、康复效果及康复速度差异。结果观察组患者的基频(F0)、谐噪比(HNR)值高于对照组患者,频率微扰百分值(PPQ)、振幅微扰(APQ)、声能量(NNE)值低于对照组患者(P0.05);观察组患者的术后早期血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、α_1-酸性糖蛋白(α_1-AG)、铜蓝蛋白(CER)、β_2-微球蛋白(β_2-MG)值均低于对照组患者,白蛋白(ALB)值高于对照组患者(P0.05);观察组患者的手术后痊愈率高于对照组患者,有效及无效率均低于对照组患者,首次发声时间、声音完全恢复时间和出院时间均短于对照组患者(P0.05)。结论声带息肉患者接受支撑喉镜下CO2激光切除术治疗,可以有效促进患者嗓音恢复,同时兼具小创伤及术后快速恢复的治疗优势。     

Tracheal sounds and airflow dynamics in surgically treated unilateral vocal fold paralysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in tracheal sounds and airflow dynamics in patients who underwent surgical medialization of a unilaterally paralysed vocal fold. Ten adults with unilateral vocal fold paralysis but no history of pulmonary diseases were included. Vocal fold medialization was performed by an injection of autologous fascia into the paralysed vocal fold. Recording of tracheal sounds, flow‐volume spirometry and body plethysmography were carried out before and 4–14 months after the operation. The mean number of inspiratory wheezes per respiratory cycle increased from 0·02 (range 0–0·10) to 0·42 (range 0–0·86) and the mean number of expiratory wheezes per respiratory cycle from 0·03 (range 0–0·20) to 0·36 (range 0–0·89). The increment was statistically significant (P=0·03 and P=0·04, respectively). The mean expiratory sound amplitude, in terms of root mean square (RMS), increased from 31·5 dB (range 24·0–38·0) to 34·9 dB (range 25–42) (P=0·03) and the average peak inspiratory flow (PIF) decreased from 4·63 l s^–1 (range 2·84–7·51) to 4·03 l s^–1 (range 2·27–6·68) (P=0·01). The results indicate that when the paralysed vocal fold is brought into midline by a surgical procedure, the prevalence of inspiratory and expiratory wheezes increases and sound intensity rises. According to this preliminary data tracheal sound analysis gives additional information for the assessment of the subtle changes in the larynx.     

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛用于显微支撑喉镜下成人声带息肉摘除术的临床观察

目的探讨帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛用于成人显微支撑喉镜下声带息肉摘除术的镇痛效果和安全性。方法将68例择期行声带息肉摘除术的患者随机分为帕瑞昔布钠组(P组,n=34)和0.9%的氯化钠注射液对照组(C组,n=34),P组于麻醉诱导前缓慢静注帕瑞昔布钠40mg(用0.9%的氯化钠注射液稀释至10ml),C组以0.9%的氯化钠注射液10ml缓慢静注。采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评价患者术后1、2、4、8、12、24h疼痛程度,同时观察恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制及凝血功能异常等不良反应的发生情况。结果 P组术后各时点VAS评分均明显低于C组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=8.49、8.90、8.44、7.33、7.88、6.12,P均<0.05)。两组各时点均无明显呼吸抑制及凝血功能异常,两组术后恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.09,P>0.05)。结论帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛可减轻成人显微支撑喉镜下声带息肉摘除术后疼痛,且无明显不良反应,可安全用于术后镇痛。     

瑞芬太尼联合异丙酚静脉全麻用于支撑喉镜手术的临床观察

目的对比观察瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚与枸橼酸芬太尼异氟烷静吸复合麻醉对支撑喉镜手术的麻醉效果和麻醉恢复期的影响。方法ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期支撑喉镜手术患者60例，随即分为瑞芬太尼组（R组）和芬太尼组（F组），每组30例。两组均以异丙酚单次静注1．5-2mg／kg，R组以瑞芬太尼单次静注1μg／kg，F组以枸橼酸芬太尼（宜昌人福药业）2．5μg／kg（插管前3min静注），意识消失后以琥珀酰胆碱1～1．5mg／kg静注，随后行气管插管，机控通气。麻醉维持F组以1μg／（kg·min），异丙酚7—8mg／（kg·h）连续输注维持麻醉，R组以静脉注射芬太尼0．03μg／（kg·min），吸入2％异氟醚维持麻醉。记录两组各时段生命指征（血压、心率、氧饱和度），麻醉恢复情况（自主呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间和离开恢复室时间），术中不良事件的发生和药物使用情况，观察患者拔管后即刻、离开恢复室（PACU）、拔管后30min、1h和3h的意识状态（OAAS）。结果（1）两组在麻醉诱导、麻醉维持期间和麻醉恢复各时间段血流动力学稳定，MAP、HR分别和其基础值相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；（2）自主呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间和离开PACU时间瑞芬太尼组早于对照组（P〈0．05）。（3）瑞芬太尼组在拔管后即刻、离开PACU、拔管后30min、1h OAAS评分高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论与常规静吸复合麻醉下行支撑喉镜手术相比，瑞芬太尼异丙酚静脉具有麻醉平稳、苏醒快、可控性好的特点，是支撑喉镜手术麻醉的良好选择。     

Utility of laryngeal electromyography in predicting recovery after vocal fold paralysis

OBJECTIVES: To determine the value of laryngeal electromyography in predicting recovery after vocal fold paralysis and to determine what elements of laryngeal electromyography are most predictive of outcome. DESIGN: Cohort study with retrospective data review. SETTING: University voice center. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive sample of 31 patients with vocal fold paralysis diagnosed by indirect laryngoscopy, using either nasal insertion with a flexible nasopharyngoscope or peroral with a 70 degrees Hopkins rod. Inclusion criteria were that laryngeal electromyography had to have been performed between 21 days and 6 months from the onset of symptoms and patients must have been followed a minimum of 6 months. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Vocal fold motion at 6 months from onset of symptoms. RESULTS: Nine subjects (29%) had resolved vocal fold motion, whereas 22 (71%) had persistent vocal fold paralysis. By using our laryngeal electromyography paradigm, 4 of 6 patients with a laryngeal electromyography prognosis of excellent resolved. The predictive value for a negative test was 66.7%. For patients with a fair or poor prognosis, 5 of 25 resolved. The predictive value for a positive test was 80%. Only 8 of 22 patients with persistent vocal fold paralysis had fibrillations, and spontaneous activity was not significantly related to outcome. Patients with absent or greatly decreased motor unit recruitment had a significantly higher proportion of permanent vocal fold paralysis (P<.05). Stepwise forward logistic regression determined that prognosis by laryngeal electromyography and onset time were significant predictors of outcome (P<.01). The model predicted 44.4% of resolved cases, which represents a moderate prediction. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the utility of laryngeal electromyography in assessing prognosis for recovery of vocal fold motion after laryngeal nerve injury. The results support our hypothesis that preset decision rules based on laryngeal electromyography data can be effectively used to determine a prognosis for recovery of vocal fold motion.     

膀胱镜辅助支撑喉镜在声带良性肿块声门暴露困难患者中的应用

目的探讨支撑喉镜下治疗声门暴露困难者声带良性病变的手术方法技巧。方法对43例（68侧）术中支撑喉镜暴露困难的声带肿块的病例,借助于膀胱镜进行手术。结果43例（68侧）手术均顺利完成,术后声嘶改善,治愈37例,好转6例,随访1年无复发。结论对支撑喉镜下声门暴露困难的病例,可借助于膀胱镜完成手术。     

Transient vocal cord paralysis following central venous hemodialysis catheter insertion

In this article, we present a case of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy not caused by nerve injury but due to local anesthetic infiltration that was applied prior to central venous catheterization. A 47-year-old female patient was admitted to emergency room with fatigue and nausea and was diagnosed with acute renal failure. Right jugular venous catheterization was performed for emergency hemodialysis with Seldinger technique using middle approach. Within minutes and immediately after the procedure the patient complained of hoarseness and shortness of breath, and she had stridor in her physical exam. Awake flexible fibreoptic laryngoscopy revealed unilateral right-sided vocal cord paralysis with no edema. The patient was asked to remain nil per os and observed in ER with nasal oxygen. At the 3rd hour of follow-up without any other intervention, her symptoms resolved. Due to its proximity to the internal jugular vein injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve while attempting to insert a central venous line can occur, particularly with difficult and repeated attempts. Local anesthesia led temporary ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy is described in literature. We think temporary vocal cord palsy in our case was due to local anesthetic infiltration rather than nerve injury, since it resolved spontaneously within only hours. Expectant treatment is a good choice ensuring the patient's airway is safe. Emergency physicians should be aware of this rare complication and its right management.     

声带息肉术后病人应用布地奈德雾化吸入的疗效及护理

[目的]观察声带息肉术后病人雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液的疗效。[方法]将102例声带息肉病人随机分为观察组与对照组各51例,全部病人实施声带息肉切除术,术后观察组雾化吸入布地奈德,对照组雾化吸入地塞米松及庆大霉素,比较两组病人的临床疗效。[结果]经1周治疗后,观察组病人治疗的总有效率(100.00%)高于对照组(82.35%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组未见任何副反应,对照组有3例病人在吸入过程中发生恶心反应。[结论]雾化吸入布地奈德混悬液治疗声带息肉术后病人的喉面创伤水肿有满意的临床疗效,未见不良反应。