脑血管畸形的MRI及MRA诊断

目的：研究脑动静脉畸形与海绵状血管瘤的ＭＲＩ及ＭＲＡ特征，评价不同的成像方法对脑血管畸形的诊断价值。材料与方法：对２１例脑动静脉畸形及６例海绵状血管瘤分别作了常规ＭＲ成像及ＭＲ血管成像，ＭＲＩ采用ＳＥＴ１和Ｔｕｒｂｏ ＳＥ Ｔ２加权序列，ＭＲＡ采用２Ｄ－ＦＬＡＳＨ及３Ｄ－ＦＩＳＰ序列，６例海绵状血管瘤ＭＲＡ仅使用２Ｄ－ＦＬＡＳＨ序列。所有成像以环形激化头线圈在１．０Ｔ ＭＲ仪上完成。结果：Ｔ１及Ｔ     

烟雾病的磁共振成像诊断

目的：回顾分析８例烟雾病的磁共振成像表现，探讨磁共振成像对烟雾病的诊断价值。方法：８例烟雾病中男女各４例。年龄４～４９岁，平均２０．４岁。磁共振成像应用Ｓｉｅｍｅｎｓ１．０ＴＭＲ系统和头表面线圈。均有ＳＥ序列Ｔ１ＷＩ和Ｔ２ＷＩ，７例有三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管造影（３Ｄ－ＴＯＦＭＲＡ），１例有ＤＳＡ。结果：ＳＥ序列ＭＲＩ均见丘脑－基底节区（单侧２例，双侧６例）有扩张的烟雾血管，其中以Ｔ１ＷＩ显示更为清楚直观。７例３Ｄ－ＴＯＦＭＲＡ和１例ＤＳＡ均见ＩＣＡ上端、ＭＣＡ和ＡＣＡ近端闭塞以及丘脑－基底节区的烟雾血管。这些病理血管分布侧别与ＳＥ序列磁共振成像所见一致。结论：ＳＥ序列磁共振成像和３Ｄ－ＴＯＦＭＲＡ是诊断烟雾病的有效方法。Ｔ１ＷＩ显示丘脑－基底节区烟雾血管优于Ｔ２ＷＩ。３Ｄ－ＴＯＦＭＲＡ尚适用于烟雾病血管旁路术后随诊及其高危人群普查。     

脑动静脉畸形的MRI及MRA诊断价值

目的：研究脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）的ＭＲＩ特征,探讨其诊断价值。方法：使用ＧＥｓｉｇｎａ ｅｃｈｏ ｓｐｅｅｄ１．５Ｔ超导ＭＲ机对７１例ＡＶＭ患者分别行ＭＲＩ及ＭＲＡ检查。ＭＲＩ采用ＳＥＴ１和ＦＳＥＴ２加权序列,ＭＲＡ采用３Ｄ－ＴＯＦ序列。结果：ＭＲＩ及ＭＲＡ能显示ＡＶＭ的瘤巢,ＡＶＭ的继发改变ＭＲＩ能很好显示,ＭＲＡ能显示ＡＶＭ的三维解剖结果。结论：ＭＲＡ和ＭＲＩ是无创性评从脑ＡＶＭ的有效方法,两     

A Comparison in Healing of Skull Defect Repaired with Four Different Kinds of Graft Materials in Rabbits

ＡＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＩＮＨＥＡＬＩＮＧＯＦＳＫＵＬＬＤＥＦＥＣＴＲＥＰＡＩＲＥＤＷＩＴＨＦＯＵＲＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＫＩＮＤＳＯＦＧＲＡＦＴＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＩＮＲＡＢ┐ＢＩＴＳＤＩＮＧＺｈｅｎ－ｑｉ（丁真奇）１，ＴＡＮＦｕ－ｓｈｅｎｇ（谭富生）２，...     

脑动静脉畸形的MRA初步研究

目的：分析脑ＡＶＭ３Ｄ－ＴＯＦ及３Ｄ－ＰＣ法ＭＲＡ表现,探讨其诊断意义。材料和方法：使用美国ＧＥＳｉｇｎａ１．５ＴＭＲ超导扫描仪对１４例患者分别行ＳＥ序列,３Ｄ－ＴＯＦ及３Ｄ－ＰＣＭＲＡ检查。结果：１４例患者ＡＶＭ位于颞顶叶２例,顶叶２例,颞枕叶２例,顶枕叶１例,枕叶３例,额叶３例,脑干１例;供血动脉来自大脑中Ａ５例,大脑前Ａ３例,大脑后Ａ１例,联合供血５例;引流Ｖ中６例引流入大脑深Ｖ,２例引流入乙状窦。结论：ＭＲＡ能准确显示畸形血管团及异常供血Ａ、引流Ｖ,结合ＭＲＩ可大大提高其诊断准确率,为临床筛选及术后随诊的首选方法。     

脑静脉血管瘤的MRI及MRA

目的：探讨颅内静脉血管瘤的ＭＲＩ和ＭＲＡ影像学表现及诊断和鉴别诊断。材料和方法：应用ＳｉｅｍｅｎｓＭｅｇｎｅｔｉｏｎＶｉｓｉｏｎ１．５Ｔ超导系统对诊断静脉血管瘤（ＶＡ）２０例进行分析。ＭＲＩ扫描用ＳＥＴ１和ＴｕｒｂｏＳＥＴ２加权序列。ＭＲＡ采用ｔｏｆ－ｔｉ３Ｄ－ｍｕｌｔｉ－ｓｌａｂ－ｔｒａ－ｔｕｎ序列。１６例作增强Ｔ１加权及ＭＲＡ检查。血管重建采用ＭＩＰ技术。有１１例曾行ＣＴ检查，１例行手术治疗。结果：所有病例均由ＭＲ检查作出首诊。Ｔ１加权１８例显示扩张引流静脉呈点条状低信号影，有２例未显示，经增强后显示，并有部分髓静脉显示。Ｔ２加权引流静脉多呈高信号，个别呈低信号。较大的ＶＡ亦可显示髓质静脉。ＭＲＡ１５例显示异常血管，典型的表现为脑实质内见为数不等的髓质静脉呈伞状汇入一根异常扩张的引流静脉，整个形态似“水母头”。１例ＭＲＡ未显示病灶。结论：ＭＲ是诊断ＶＡ最好的影像方法，ＭＲＡ有助于确诊本病。增强ＭＲＩ及ＭＲＡ可提高ＶＡ的检出率     

胸部肿块性病变的MR血管成像（MRA）

目的：评价胸部ＭＲＡ的临床意义，材料与方法，本文搜集１９例胸部有块病变，其中肺癌１４例，纵膈病变５例，１９例共行２０次ＭＲＩ及ＭＲＡ检查，常规ＭＲ成像序列为冠状Ｔ１ＷＩ，轴位Ｔ１ＷＩ和Ｔ２ＷＩ在此基础上行ＭＲ血管成像（ＭＲＡ）。ＭＲ扫描机为ＧＥＳｉｇｎａ１．５Ｔ超导型，工作站，ＳＵＮＭｉｃｒｏｓｙｓｔｅｍＡｄｖａｎｔａｇｅＷｉｎｄｏｗｓ１，２，６。冠状ＭＲＡ在工作站上行最大强度投影（ＭＩＰ）重建。     

动脉导管未闭伴肺动脉高压的SE,Cine,MRI和MRA诊断

目的：报道ＳＥ、ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ和ＭＲＡ对动脉导管未闭（ＰＤＡ）伴肺动脉高压的诊断价值。材料和方法：６例心超诊断ＰＤＡ不明确女性行ＭＲＩ检查。均采集横断、冠状、矢状、主动脉和左室长轴ＳＥＴ１Ｗ像，４例尚获斜冠／矢状面ＳＥＴ１Ｗ像；ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ采集主动脉、左室长轴和斜冠／矢状面像，１例还获冠状面像；２ＤＰＣ结合ＥＣＧ门控采集主动脉长轴或矢状面像，４例同时获３ＤＰＣ像。结果：６例ＰＤＡ均经手术或造影证实。横断面ＳＥ未能直接显示ＰＤＡ，４例斜冠状面（平行于肺动脉主干）ＳＥ显示ＰＤＡ；５例ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ直接显示ＰＤＡ，１例ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ间接提示ＰＤＡ；２Ｄ／３ＤＰＣ则全部显示；５例伴肺动脉高压者ＳＥ和ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ均显示其征象，且以后者为佳；对伴随的主动脉瓣和／或二尖瓣返流仅ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ显示。结论：初步经验表明斜冠状面ＳＥ、ＣｉｎｅＭＲＩ和ＰＣＭＲＡ对ＰＤＡ伴肺动脉高压病例具有重要诊断价值。     

THE INJURIOUS EFFECTS OF HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES RESULTING FROM GUNSHOT WOUNDS ON REMOTE ORGANS

ＴＨＥＩＮＪＵＲＩＯＵＳＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＨＥＭＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＲＥＳＵＬＴ┐ＩＮＧＦＲＯＭＧＵＮＳＨＯＴＷＯＵＮＤＳＯＮＲＥＭＯＴＥＯＲＧＡＮＳＬＩＳｈｕ－ｇｕａｎｇ（李曙光），ＬＩＵＹｉｎ－ｑｉｕ（刘荫秋），ＷＡＮＧＪｉａｎ－ｍｉｎ...     

DCE-MRA在腹部大血管中的应用初探

目的 探讨动态增强磁共振血管造影（ｄｙｎａｍｉｃ ｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔ－ｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄ ＭＲ ａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｌｈｙ,ＤＣＥ－ＭＲＡ）在腹部大血管疾病中的应用价值。槽糕与方法 肾性高血压或大动脉炎患者７例,均行ＭＲＩ平行及ＤＣＥ－ＭＲＡ检查中,其中４例行血管造影（ｄｉｇｉｔａｌ ｓｕｂｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ ａｎ－ｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＤＳＡ）检查。结果 ＤＣＥ－ＲＭＡ可显示肾动脉变细６处,肾动脉受压１处     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.