手术治疗外阴癌31例临床分析

目的 探讨外阴癌手术方式的选择及并发症的预防.方法 对1999年～2009年间在我院进行手术治疗的31例外阴癌患者进行回顾性分析.结果 31例患者中临床分期Ⅰ期9例(29.0%),Ⅱ期14例(45.2%),Ⅲ期8例(25.8%),均行手术治疗,其中行局部扩大切除1例,广泛外阴切除3例,广泛外阴切除加单侧淋巴结清扫7例,广泛外阴切除加双侧腹股沟淋巴清扫17例,广泛外阴切除加双侧腹股沟淋巴清扫加盆腔淋巴结清扫3例.术后切口愈合不良发生率为32.3%,无明显下肢水肿,随访5年总的生存率为67.7%,其中Ⅰ期88.9%,Ⅱ期64.3%,Ⅲ期50.0%.结论 外阴癌手术方案应个体化,在不影响疗效的前提下采取保留功能的保守性手术.腹股沟淋巴结清扫应保留大隐静脉及其主要分支.     

手术治疗外阴癌141例临床预后分析

目的探讨手术治疗对外阴癌预后的影响,并分析术后并发症及复发转移的特点。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2010年12月四川大学华西第二医院手术治疗的141例外阴癌患者的临床及预后资料。结果 5年总生存率为74.8%,手术分期Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期的5年总生存率分别为91.0%、70.4%、41.4%及33.3%（P=0.000）。有淋巴结转移及无淋巴结转移的5年生存率分别为37.4%及90.1%（P=0.000）。92例行外阴广泛切除＋腹股沟淋巴清扫术,有盆腔淋巴结清扫和无盆腔淋巴结清扫5年生存率分别为79.8%及70.2%（P=0.182）。对于27例腹股沟淋巴结转移患者,术后补充放疗或放化疗可提高5年生存率。手术范围越广,术后并发症越多,术后性生活质量越低。本组病例总的复发率为28.6%,以局部复发多见,2年内复发占总复发的60.5%（23/38）。结论外阴癌的治疗方式应根据病情个体化,在不降低生存率的前提下,对早期病例缩小手术范围,最大限度地保留外阴的生理结构;对晚期患者重视手术与放化疗的结合,减少手术创伤,提高患者生存质量。     

不同手术方法治疗原发性外阴癌51例及预后影响因素分析

目的: 观察原发性外阴癌的手术治疗效果,并探讨影响其预后的相关因素。方法: 51例经手术治疗的外阴癌患者行外阴广泛局部切除术7例,传统外阴广泛切除+腹股沟淋巴结切除28例,改良外阴广泛切除+腹股沟淋巴结切除16例。对不同的手术方式和有关预后因素进行比较。结果: 根据2009年FIGO分期,手术患者中Ⅰ期31例,Ⅱ期5例,Ⅲ期12例,Ⅳ期3例;患者5年总体生存率为80.4%。行外阴广泛局部切除术的7例患者均达5年生存,行传统外阴广泛切除+腹股沟淋巴结切除的28例患者与改良外阴广泛切除+腹股沟淋巴结切除的16例患者5年生存率分别为78.6%和75.0%,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。腹股沟淋巴结阳性患者术后辅助放疗或放化疗的患者5年生存率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论: 手术是外阴癌治疗的主要方法。早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗是提高患者5年生存率的重要因素。外阴癌的治疗需要遵循个体化的综合性治疗原则。     

早期子宫颈癌45例临床分析

目的探讨早期子宫颈癌的治疗方法、临床疗效及其影响因素。方法分析手术治疗早期子宫颈癌45例临床资料。按FIGO分期,Ⅰ期22例、Ⅱ期23例。单纯手术12例,以手术为主的综合治疗33例。广泛性全子宫切除＋双附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结清扫37例,广泛性全子宫切除＋单附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结清扫8例。观察肿瘤大小、病理分级、病理类型、临床分期及有无淋巴结转移对术后生存率的影响。结果45例中有43例获随访,其中3例死亡,全组死亡率6．98％。3年生存率92．86％（26／28）,5年生存率83．33％（15／18）。经统计分析,其预后与肿瘤大小、有无淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）。结论手术是治疗早期子宫颈癌的首选和有效的手段,早期诊断及早期治疗对改善其预后有帮     

42例宫颈癌的临床疗效分析

目的 观察宫颈癌的临床疗效.方法 Ⅰa1期行全子宫切除;Ⅰ a2～Ⅱ b1期宫颈癌行广泛性子宫全切术+盆腔淋巴结清扫木,术后加放疗或化疗治疗,Ⅱb.期～Ⅲ期以上放疗+化疗(Ⅰ期宫颈癌行子宫次广泛切除术,术后加放射治疗.Ⅱ期宫颈癌行广泛性子宫全切术+盆腔淋巴结清扫术,术后加治疗).结果 42例中,Ⅰ期宫颈癌术后生活满10年以上者5例.满5年以上者18例,生存率100%;Ⅱ期宫颈癌术后12例中5年生存率33%,Ⅲ期宫颈癌5年内生存牟为0.结论 宫颈癌的治疗,转归及预后与宫颈癌的分期,分型、分化有着及其密切的联系,分期越早,疗效越好,生存率越高;分化越高,疗效越好,生存率越高.按病理分类,鳞癌明显高于腺癌生存率.     

妇科恶性肿瘤147例回顾性分析

我院自1998年1月-2003年12月收治妇科恶性肿瘤病人147人,包括:宫颈癌54人、子宫内膜癌46人、卵巢癌42人、输卵管癌3人、阴道癌1人、外阴癌1人。手术范围是根据临床分期、病理类型、病人状态及年龄分别行广泛子宫切除术加盆腔淋巴结清扫术、全阴道及广泛子宫切除术加盐腔淋巴结清扫术、外阴癌根治术加腹股沟淋巴结清扫术、     

不同手术方式治疗外阴肿瘤的疗效及预后分析

目的探索观察不同手术方式治疗外阴肿瘤的疗效及预后分析。方法选择2006年1月-2011年12月期间在我院治疗的56例外阴肿瘤患者作为研究对象,进行随机分组,A组（外阴广泛局部切除术组）17例,B组（传统外阴广泛切除联合腹股沟淋巴结切除组）19例,C组（改良外阴广泛切除联合腹股沟淋巴结切除组）20例,术后观察三组的临床效果,随访术后5年患者的生存率,及对预后相关因素进行综合分析。结果 1.根据2009妇科肿瘤新分期（FIGO）：其中Ⅰ期19例,术后5年生存率89.4%,Ⅱ期11例,术后5年生存率72.7%,Ⅲ期17例,术后5年生存率52.9%,Ⅳ期9例,术后5年生存率33.3%;Ⅰ期较各组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2.A组生存率88.2%,B组生存率84.2%,C组生存率85.0%,三组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。3.低分化鳞状细胞癌的生存率37.5%,与其他两组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。4.术后腹股沟淋巴结为阳性的患者15例,进行放疗和化疗生存率为71.4%,明显优于其他两组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论外阴肿瘤的主要治疗方案是手术治疗,对于提高患者5年生存率及预后的是尽量早期发现,尽早诊断,尽早治疗,对于其治疗应遵循个体化治疗原则。     

宫颈癌治疗63例临床观察

目的观察宫颈癌的临床疗效。方法对于Ⅰ期宫颈癌行子宫次广泛切除术，术后加放射治疗；Ⅱ期官颈癌行广泛性子宫全切术＋盆腔淋巴结清扫术，术后加放疗；Ⅲ期以上者行放疗＋化疗。结果63例中，Ⅰ期宫颈癌术后生活满lo年以上者5例，满5年以上者18例，生存率100％；Ⅱ期宫颈癌术后12例中5年生存率33％，Ⅲ期宫颈癌5年内生存率为0。结论宫颈癌的治疗、转归及预后与宫颈癌的分期、分型、分化有着极其密切的联系，分期越早，疗效越好，生存率越高；分化越高，疗效越好．生存率越高。按病理分类，鳞癌明显高于腺癌生存率。     

Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌预后因素分析

目的：分析Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌患者的预后因素，探讨提高Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌5年生存率的治疗方式。方法：通过对164例Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌患者的治疗随访，对影响预后的相关因素进行统计分析。结果：总5年生存率为74．4％。病理类型，细胞分化程度，肌层浸润深度，盆腔淋巴结转移，手术方式均为影响预后的主要因素。结论：明确术前诊刮价值，实行手术病理分期，规范子宫广泛切除加盆腔淋巴清扫术，对高危因素患者给予术前术后放疗，是提高Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌5年生存率的关键。     

宫颈癌介入化疗栓塞对手术切除的意义

目的：探讨宫颈癌手术切除前行介入化疗栓塞的价值。方法：回顾分析2002年至2005年83例早期宫颈癌患者中,43例广泛子宫全切加盆腔淋巴结清扫术,40例宫颈癌行2～3次介入化疗栓塞＋广泛子宫全切术加盆腔淋巴结清扫术,在其不同年龄、临床分期进行比较手术情况及5年生存率。结果：介入化疗栓塞后手术切除的5年生存率为97．5％,而静脉化疗后手术切除的5年生存率为69．77％。结论：手术切除前行介入化疗栓塞明显降低宫颈癌局部复发率和远处转移率,提高5年生存率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.