胃液、胃粘膜组织总胆汁酸测定对胆汁返流性胃炎的诊断价值

目的 :探讨空腹胃液、胃粘膜组织总胆汁酸 (TAB)的含量对胆汁返流性胃炎的诊断价值。方法 :对 47例胆汁返流性胃炎 (RG)组 ,15例消化性溃疡 (PU)组 ,2 0例慢性浅表性胃炎 (CSG)组及 12例正常对照组在胃镜检查的同时 ,抽取胃液 ,钳取胃粘膜组织作 TBA含量测定。胃粘膜组织同时作 HP及病理组织学检查。结果 :胆汁返流性胃炎组胃液及胃粘膜组织 TBA含量分别为 (315 .85 5 0± 35 .946 8)μm ol/ L ;(0 .2 10 7± 0 .0 810 )μmol/ g。明显高于 PU、 CSG及正常对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。胃粘膜组织 TBA含量与胃液 TBA含量呈明显正相关 ,rs=0 .82 8,P <0 .0 0 1。胃粘膜的炎症程度也随 TBA含量的增加而加重。χ2 =15 .6 37,P <0 .0 0 5。随着 TBA含量的增加 ,HP的检出率下降 ,χ2 =9.42 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :胃液、胃粘膜组织 TBA含量对胆汁返流性胃炎有诊断价值。而胃粘膜组织 TBA含量更有价值。     

肝硬化患者血浆抗坏血酸和维生素E的测定

目的 :探讨肝硬化患者血浆抗坏血酸和维生素 E的水平及其意义。方法 :测定 6 3例肝硬化患者和 6 3例年龄及性别配对的正常人血浆抗坏血酸 ,维生素 E和过氧化脂质的含量。结果 :肝硬化组血浆抗坏血酸含量为( 42 .94± 6 .99)μm ol/ L ,明显低于对照组 ( 53.30± 9.4 5)μm ol/ L ( t=9.50 ,P =0 .0 0 0 ) ;肝硬化组血浆维生素 E含量为 ( 17.99± 3.51) μm ol/ L,明显低于对照组 ( 2 4 .59± 7.2 2 ) μm ol/ L( t=7.94 ,P=0 .0 0 0 ) ;肝硬化组血浆过氧化脂质含量为 ( 14 .0 9± 1.2 8) μm ol/ L,明显高于对照组 ( 12 .11± 1.2 0 ) μmol/ L( t=17.2 1,P=0 .0 0 0 )。而且肝硬化患者的三个指标之间均有良好的相关性 ( P=0 .0 0 0 )。结论 :肝硬化患者血浆抗坏血酸和维生素 E水平显著下降 ,体内氧化和抗氧化系统失衡。     

30例胆汁反流性胃炎胃粘膜屏障功能观察

本文总结了30例胆汁反流性胃炎(观察组)及13例无胆汁反流的浅表性胃炎(对照组)患者的空腹胃液 pH、酸度、Na~+、胆酸测定和胃粘膜屏障功能测定。观察组的空腹胃液胆酸为99.8±75.8μg/ml,Na+净流出量1.82±0.95mmol/15min,H~+分泌量7.47±5.44mmol/15min,H~+反弥散量-4.54±4.56mmol/15min,四者均显著高于对照组。空腹胃液胆酸定量可作为胆汁反流的客观指标。胆酸是一种胃粘膜屏障的损害因子,胆酸与 H~+逆弥散之间可能有因果关系。两组胃粘膜病理程度无显著差别,说明胃粘膜的保护机制较为复杂,进一步探讨这些机制,有利于探讨胆汁反流性胃炎新的防治途径。     

胃癌、慢性胃炎患者血、唾液、胃液中5-羟色胺与5-羟吲哚乙酸检测的临床意义

测定正常人及胃癌、慢性胃炎(浅表性或萎缩性)患者的血、唾液按刘氏及Shellenberger方法测定5—羟色胺(5-HT)与5—羟吲哚乙酸(5—HIAA)的含量,其正常参考值(x±S)分别为:血液0.151±0.04μg/ml与0.194±0.07μg/ml;唾液0.0745±0.05μg/ml与0.1096±0.05μg/ml.与正常值比较,患者血中5-HT及5-HIAA量均增高(p<0.01),而唾液中仅5-HIAA增高(p<0.05).经胃镜抽取胃液作5-HT及5-HIAA测定则胃癌患者胃液中5-HT含量(x±S)为0.2834士0.1436μg/ml,显著高于慢性胃炎患者胃液中的含量(p<0.05),但二者5-HIAA含量并无显著差异.     

健康成人胃粘膜屏障与空腹胃液三羟胆酸

本文测定20名健康成人的胃粘膜屏障功能和空腹胃液三羟胆酸含量。其中,16例胃液胆酸含量低,为13.48±2.92μg/ml胃液(M±SE),他们的胃粘膜屏障功能正常:Na~ 净流出量0.907±0.078mEq/15′,H~ 反弥散量—1.978±0.240mEq/15′,H~ 净流出量1.889±0.556mEq/15′。其余4例胃液胆酸合量高,均大于35μg/ml,其屏障功能显示损害。统计分析,有显著的相关存在于空腹胃液三羟胆酸含量与Na~ 净流出最(r=0.576,P<0.01)及H~ 反弥散量(r=—0.503,P<0.05)之间。     

人胎儿胃液、胆汁及胃粘膜、胆囊组织胃动素水平及其相关性

作者采用特异性胃动素(MTL)抗体,通过放射免疫法,对8例16～40周龄的人胎儿胃液、胆汁及胃粘膜、胆囊组织MTL含量进行探测。结果显示:MTL含量胃液为46.00±12.87pmol/L,胆汁为29.89±15.45Pmol/L;胃粘膜为1.34±0.45pmol/g,胆囊为0.87±0.32pmol/g.胃液、胃粘膜MTL含量分别高于胆汁及胆囊MTL水平(P<0.05)。相关分析显示:胃液与胃粘膜MTL含量,胆汁与胆囊MTL含量均呈显著正相关(N=8,r=0.8933,P<0.01;N=8,r=0.9016,P<0.01)。胃粘膜MTL含量与胎龄增长也呈显著正相关(N=8,r=0.7321,P<0.05)。     

人工肝支持系统在重症肝炎救治中的应用

应用人工肝支持系统 (血浆置换 +胆红素吸附 +血液透析 ) ,对 7例慢性重症肝炎患者进行治疗。经人工肝支持系统治疗后 ,患者症状好转 ,肝功能有所好转 [丙氨酸转移酶由 (15 9.49± 96 .6 9) U/ L 降至 (82 .42± 10 8.71) U/L,P<0 .0 5 ;血白蛋白由 (33.2 6± 2 .14) g/ L 升至 (37.0 6± 4.0 6 ) g/ L,P<0 .0 1;总胆红素由 (5 2 6 .0 4± 2 5 7.46 ) μm ol/L 降至 (389.19± 185 .2 6 ) μmol/ L,P<0 .0 0 1],尿素氮及血肌酐水平分别由 (2 4.41± 6 .5 1) mmol/ L 和 (334 .75±113.11) μm ol/ L 降至 (14.40± 5 .5 2 ) m mol/ L 和 (2 11.5 6± 6 4.0 8) μmol/ L,P<0 .0 0 1和 P<0 .0 1。 3例患者分别在治疗 1、 3、 6次后行肝移植存活 ,其中 1例在肝移植前停止人工肝支持系统治疗而肝功能稳定达 12 d。另 4例死亡。结果提示 ,人工肝支持系统是重症肝炎有益的治疗方法之一 ,并可作为肝移植前的准备     

鼻息肉及鼻黏膜一氧化氮的检测及其意义

目的:探讨一氧化氮(NO)在正常鼻黏膜和息肉组织中的分布特点及其在鼻黏膜炎症过程中的意义。方法:采用重氮化(G re iss)反应法对50例鼻息肉病患者的息肉组织、下鼻甲黏膜以及36例健康人下鼻甲、钩突、嗅裂黏膜中NO的表达进行检测;并检测所有患者手术前静脉血NO含量。结果:鼻息肉患者血清、息肉组织及下鼻甲黏膜NO含量分别为(63.5±18.4)μm ol/L、(108.5±22.7)μm ol/L和(82.8±20.6)μm ol/L;健康人血清、下鼻甲、钩突及嗅裂黏膜NO含量分别为(63.1±22.5)μm ol/L、(55.4±18.5)μm ol/L、(84.4±22.3)μm ol/L和(63.4±23.4)μm ol/L。两组血清NO含量无明显差异(P>0.05);鼻息肉组织NO含量高于下鼻甲鼻黏膜以及正常鼻腔各部位黏膜组织(P<0.05);鼻息肉患者下鼻甲黏膜NO含量高于健康人下鼻甲、嗅裂黏膜(P<0.05),与健康人钩突黏膜无显著性差异(P>0.05);正常钩突黏膜NO含量高于正常下鼻甲、嗅裂黏膜(P<0.05)。结论:NO作为一种细胞因子,在鼻息肉病发病机制和导致鼻黏膜持续性炎症中有重要作用;钩突是鼻黏膜免疫的主要区域。     

异丙酚与依托咪酯诱导对血浆皮质醇浓度的影响

目的　观察异丙酚与依托咪酯诱导对肾上腺皮质功能的影响。方法　在 2 0例择期手术麻醉的患者中分别对 2 m g/kg异丙酚与 0 .3 m g/kg依托咪酯诱导时血浆皮质醇浓度的变化进行观察。结果　异丙酚组给药后 2 h血浆皮质醇浓度由 (30 8.7± 2 7.4) nm ol/L降至 (2 6 7.7± 31.2 ) nm ol/L ,5 h后升高至 (4 0 0 .2± 2 6 .9) nm ol/L ,2 4h后恢复至给药前水平为 (30 6 .4± 35 .4) nm ol/L ;依托咪酯组给药后 2 h血浆皮质醇浓度由 (30 9.1± 36 .6 ) nm ol/L降至 (115 .9± 2 9.7) nm ol/L ,5 h时维持在 (171.1± 34.7) nm ol/L ,2 4h后恢复至给药前水平为 (311.8± 46 .2 ) nm ol/L。结论　异丙酚诱导对肾上腺皮质功能影响小 ,依托咪酯诱导则造成短暂的肾上腺皮质功能抑制。     

心肌缺血再灌注损伤时心肌肌球蛋白ATP酶活性的改变

目的　探讨心肌缺血再灌注损伤时心肌肌球蛋白 ATP酶活性的改变。方法　从正常兔及心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型兔心肌中提取肌球蛋白 ,根据酶反应 ATP分解释放的无机磷含量分别检测 Ca2 + 激活的肌球蛋白ATP酶的米氏常数 (Km)值及最大反应速度 (Vmax) ,并对两组蛋白酶活性进行比较。结果　对照组兔心肌肌球蛋白ATP酶的 Vmax为 (1.15± 0 .17)μm ol/ (mg· m in)、Km 为 (5 .4 3± 2 .18) mm ol;实验组心肌肌球蛋白 ATP酶的 Vmax为 (1.17± 0 .2 1)μmol/ (mg· min)、Km 为 (6 .0 2± 2 .0 1) m mol,两组心肌酶活性无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　心肌缺血再灌注损伤时 ,肌球蛋白 ATP酶活性没有明显改变     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.