准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光度临床分析

目的 评价准分子激光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光的临床效果。方法 应用准分子激光（ＮＩＤＥＫ ＥＣ－５０００型）治疗２４Ｄ以下，伴呈不伴５Ｄ以内散光的近视眼。２１４只治疗眼随诊６个月以上。结果 随诊１年以上的病例显示术后３个月敢光度及视力基本稳定。术后６个月时，在等值球镜度低于６Ｄ的治疗眼中，裸眼视力≥１．０者占９２．０４％，≥０．５为１００％，８０．５３％４ 裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力，９９．     

准分子激光散光性角膜切削术治疗复合性近视散光

目的 探讨准分子激光散光性角膜切削术（ｐｈｏｔｏａｓｔｉｇｍａｔｉｃ ｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅ ｋｅｒａｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ,ＰＡＲＫ）矫治复性近视散光的有效性、准确性和预测性。方法 采用Ｃｏｍｍｐａｋ－２００型准分子激光机,对３４例４６眼复性近视散光行角膜椭圆形切削,根据散光度大小分为２组;Ａ组（－１．７５～－２．７５Ｄ）,Ｂ组（－３．００～－５．２５Ｄ）,并随访０．５ａ以上,观察手术前后的视力、屈光度、     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光一年临床…

采用ＶＩＳ×２０／２０型准分子激光仪对１６９例（２８１眼）近视患者进行屈光性角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）。术前等值球镜屈光度为－１．７５－１６．００Ｄ（－８．１９Ｄ±１．５２Ｄ）分为两组：Ｉ组：－１．７５－－６．００Ｄ，１５３眼，ＩＩ组：－６．２５－－１６．００Ｄ，１２８眼，随访一年以上，术后１年实际矫正屈光度在预测矫正度±１．００Ｄ者在Ⅰ，Ⅱ，组分别为８７．６％，５４．７％，裸眼视力≥０．５，１．０者在     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光临床分析

目的评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光的临床效果。方法应用准分子激光（NIDEKEC—5000型）治疗24D以下．伴或不件5D以内散光的近视眼。214只治疗眼随诊6个月以上。结果随诊1年以上的病例显示术后3个月屈光度及视力基本稳定。术后6个月时，在等值球镜度低于6D的治疗眼中，裸眼视力≥1．0者占92．04％，≥0．5为100％，80．53％的裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力，99．12％的眼屈光度在预定矫正度数的±1．00D以内。低于10D的高度近视眼也有近似的疗效。214只治疗眼中操眼视力≥1．0者占78．97％，≥0．5为90．65％，72．43％的裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力，88．32％的眼屈光度在预定矫正度数的±1．00D以内。6只眼（2．80％）最佳矫正视力减少2行以上，有Ⅱ级以上Haze的有7眼间（3．27％）。结论准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视及近视散光具有很高程度的精确性和安全性，在＜10D的近视眼中更显示了良好的预测性和稳定性。     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光的临床观察

观察准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视和近用光的临床结果。方法３０７例５５８只眼按术前散光度数分４组,Ⅰ组：１６８只眼,无散光;Ⅱ组：２６８只眼,散光－０．２５－－１．００Ｄ;Ⅲ组：８７只眼,散光－１．２５－－２．００Ｄ;Ⅳ组：３５只眼,散光－２．２５－－４．２５Ｄ。全部病例术后随访６个月以上。     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光一年临床观察

采用ＶＩＳ×２０／２０型准分子激光仪对１６９例（２８１眼）近视患者进行屈光性角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）。术前等值球镜屈光度为－１．７５—１６．００Ｄ（－８．１９Ｄ±１．５２Ｄ）。分为两组：Ⅰ组：－１．７５—－６．００Ｄ，１５３眼：Ⅱ组：－６．２５—－１６．００Ｄ，１２８眼。随防一年以上。术后１年实际矫正屈光度在预测矫正度±１．００Ｄ者在Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别为８７．６％，５４．７％，裸眼视力≥０．５，１．０者在Ⅰ组分别为９７．４％，７４．５％，Ⅱ组分别为８６．７％，３５．９％。并发症主要有角膜上皮下雾状混浊（Ｈａｚｅ），其中Ⅱ组有９．５％的术眼发生了２—３级的Ｈａｚｅ。全组１．９％术眼发生了激素性高眼压     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光的临床研究

目的 评价准分子激光角膜切削术矫正近视的结果。方法 我院自１９９６年９月到１９９７年１０月,应用ＳＶＳＡＰＥＸ型（Ｓｕｍｍｉｔ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｉｎｃ．ＵＳＡ）准分子激光治疗仪,对１６８例近视患者（３１６只眼）行ＰＲＫ手术,对其中的１５０例（２６０只眼,占８４％）患者随诊至少３ｍｏ以上,最长１ａ;男６８例（１１６只眼,占４０．１％）,女８２例（１４４只眼,占５９．９％）。１５０例（２６０只眼     

准分子激光散光性角膜切削术治疗复合近视散光

为评价准分子激光散光性角膜切削术（ｐｈｏｔｏａｓｔｉｇｍａｔｉｃ－ｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅｋｅｒａｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ，ＰＡＲＫ）治疗复合性近视散光的效果，采用ｋｅｒ－ａｔｏｍⅠ型准分子激光机，利用准分子激光对角膜浅表层的椭圆形切削，共对５７例８２只复合近视散光眼行治疗，随访１年以上。术前近视球镜平均为－６．２３±２．５０Ｄ，散光为－１．４７±０．８２Ｄ，角膜散光为１．２１±０．４８Ｄ，最佳矫正视力为０．９７±０．１５。结果：术后视力和屈光状态在３～６个月趋于稳定，术后１年随访，近视平均为－０．５２±１．００Ｄ，散光为－０．４３±０．４３Ｄ，相比术前散光平均降低７０．７％；在术前散光≤０．７５Ｄ、１．００～１．７５Ｄ及≥２．００Ｄ三组中，其术后散光分别比术前降低６０．３％、７０．０％和７４．９％，术后角膜散光平均为０．７２±０．２７Ｄ，比术前降低４０．５％；术后裸眼视力：９０．２％达到０．５或以上，７２％达到０．８或以上。无严重手术并发症。结论：ＰＡＲＫ是矫治散光的有效安全方法，主要用于矫正由规则对称角膜散光引起的复合近视散光     

固体激光角膜切削术治疗近视散光的疗效观察

为评价固体激光角膜切削术治疗近视散光的疗效,采用ＬｉｇｈｔＢｌａｄｅ固体激光手术系统对４４例６０眼复性近视散光同时竟性进行近视和散光角膜切削术,随访６～１２个月,对手术前后屈光度变化,视力结果统计分析,并与同期手术的单纯近视进行比较。结果：６０眼平均球镜屈光度从－６．７４±２．１４（－０．７５－１６．００）Ｄ降到－０．１４７±０．２３（－０．２５－０．７５）Ｄ柱镜度从１．６２±０．５３（０．７５－４．７５）Ｄ降到０．０６４±０．２７（０－０．７５）Ｄ。裸眼视力０．５,５７眼９５％,裸视力１．０４者７眼７３．３３％。单纯近视术后裸视力０．５和１．０的分别是９４．２３％和７５％,复性近视散光和单纯近视的固体激光疗效无明显差别（Ｐ＞０．１）。结论：ＬｉｇｈｔＢｌａｄｅ固体激光手术系统治疗近视散光安全有效,预测性好。     

Excimer laser surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism

Photorefractive keratectomy using the Summit Excimer Laser has been carried out on 1333 eyes with myopia or myopic astigmatism which have been followed up for six months or longer. Of those, 607 have been followed up for one year.
Of the eyes with myopia or myopic astigmatism of up to 3 dioptres spherical equivalent, at one year 85.6% had unaided vision of 6/6, 97.2% 6/9 or better, and 99.4% 6/12 or better. Of the eyes between -3.25 and -6.00 dioptres spherical equivalent, at one year 72.1% achieved 6/6 vision unaided, 88.8% 619 or better, and 94.2% 6112 or better. Of the eyes between -6.25 and -10.00 dioptres, at one year 49.6% achieved 616 vision unaided, 76.1% 619 or better and 88.0% 6/12 or better.
To achieve these figures, 28% of the patients had astigmatic keratotomy, either two or three weeks before photorefractive keratectomy, or at the same time as photorefractive keratectomy. Photorefractive keratectomy is as predictable as radial keratotomy in eyes of under 6 dioptres myopia, but is more predictable than radial keratotomy in higher myopia. Photorefractive keratectomy has the advantages of leaving an eye which is structurally sound, and without diurnal variation of focusing.     

PRK治疗远视和散光的疗效观察

目的：评价准分子激光角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）对远视和散光的治疗效果。方法：采用美国ＳＣＡＮ－ １９５型准分子激光系统对２６ 例（４６ 眼） 远视和散光进行治疗,Ⅰ组为＋ ２．００ ～＋ ５．００ＤＳ有２４ 眼,Ⅱ组为＋ ５．２５ ～＋９．００ＤＳ有２２ 眼（ 伴散光的有２５ 眼,为＋１．２５ＤＣ～＋３．００ＤＣ） 。并进行治疗后跟踪观察。结果：术后视力：本组患者术后１ 年裸眼视力≥０．５ 者３５ 眼占７６％ ;≥０．８ 者２９ 眼占６３％ ;≥１ ．０ 者１９ 眼占４１ ％ 。其中伴有散光者２５ 眼经激光切削后,裸眼视力≥０ ．５ 者１６ 眼占６４％ ;≥０．８ 者１０ 眼占４０％ ;≥１ ．０ 者６ 眼占２４％ 。结论：ＰＲＫ治疗轻、中度远视是安全有效并且可行。     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视散光的临床分析

目的评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（ｐｈｏｔｏｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅｋｅｒａｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ，ＰＲＫ）矫正近视性角膜散光的结果。方法对２３１例（３８７只眼）近视患者按术前散光度分为Ａ（无散光）、Ｂ（散光＜２．００Ｄ）及Ｃ（散光＞２．００Ｄ）三组，并用ＰＲＫ对其近视和散光进行治疗。对手术前、后散光的变化进行比较，采用矢量分析方法，对手术矫正效应的量和方向进行分析。结果Ｂ、Ｃ两组术前散光分别为１．２９±０．４８Ｄ和３．０７±０．７２Ｄ，按术后６个月时残留散光计算，手术矫正效应分别为１．１０±０．６７Ｄ和２．４２±０．９３Ｄ，而手术效应与术前散光轴之间的夹角分别为５．８°±２．１°和４．９°±２．４°。结论ＰＲＫ治疗散光效果明显，轴向准确，但在高度散光组有一定的回退现象。     

Correction of myopic astigmatism by combined treatment with PRK and T-incision and photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy

Background: In contrast to the correction of simple myopia there is no widely accepted technique for the correction of myopic astigmatism. Currently two techniques are available: the photoastigmatic refractive keratectomy (PARK) and the combination of arcuate keratotomies with standard PRK (PRK-T). Methods: In two groups, 67 patients underwent a correction of myopic astigmatism in a total of 87 eyes (19 by PRK-T and 68 by PARK), and were followed for 1 year. The spherical equivalent was − 6.7 D in both groups and the refractive astigmatism ranged from − 1.0 to − 6.5 D. The PARK procedure was performed by means of an elliptic ablation (Kertom I, Schwind) with a 5.8 × 8.1 mm zone. The PRK-T technique consisted of two arcuate keratotomies with a free optical zone of 7 mm and a standard myopic PRK at least 6 weeks later. Results: The 1 year follow-up was completed in 57 out of 87 eyes included in the study. At 1 year post-operation, 83 % of the PRK-T group and 80 % of the PARK group had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better. The refractive astigmatism was reduced by 76 % in the PRK-T group and by 67 % in the PARK group. The spherical equivalent was − 0.59 ± 1.1 D at 1 year after PRK-T and − 0.28 ± 1.04 D after PARK. In three eyes of the PARK group (6.7 %) a visual loss of more than one Snellen line occured. Two of these eyes had a preoperative myopia of more than − 6 diopters. Conclusion: Both techniques have the potential to reduce myopic astigmatism, however, the success rate is not as high compared to spherical PRK. Also, the complication rate of 2.5 % in corrections to − 6 D is significantly higher than that with spherical myopic PRK.      

PRK治疗近视对角膜内皮细胞密度的影响

为了解准分子激光角膜切削术（ＰＲＫ）治疗近视对角膜内皮细胞密度的远期影响，我们对７１例１２４眼分别于术前、术后３个月及术后４年用非接触内皮显微镜进行了角膜内皮细胞密度检查。结果术前平均角膜内皮细胞密度为３０９８＋／－２８３个／ｍｍ２，术后３个月平均角膜内皮细胞密度为３０７１±２６８个／ｍｍ２，术后４年平均为３０１０＋／－２９４个／ｍｍ２。与生理性角膜内皮细胞在成年人年平均下降率为０．５２％〔１〕比较，均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：内皮细胞的丧失主要发生在术后早期。此外提示ＰＲＫ对角膜内皮细胞密度亦有远期的影响。鉴于该手术的对象以青壮年为为主，在今后漫长的一生中有可能需接受内眼手术。故长期观察ＰＲＫ对角膜内皮细胞密度的影响仍属必要