共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
M. Maldini S. Sosa P. Montoro A. Giangaspero M.J. Balick C. Pizza R. Della Loggia 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
An investigation of topical anti-inflammatory activity was undertaken on plants used in Central America traditional medicine.Aim of study
Four herbal drugs used in the folk medicine of Central America to treat inflammatory skin affections (Acacia cornigera bark, Byrsonima crassifolia bark, Sphagneticola trilobata leaves and Sweetia panamensis bark) were evaluated for their topical anti-inflammatory activity.Materials and methods
Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts were obtained for herbal medicines and then extracts were tested on Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis model in mice.Results
Almost all the extracts reduced the Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis in mice and the chloroform ones showed the highest activity, with ID50 (dose giving 50% oedema inhibition) values ranging from 112 μg/cm2 (Byrsonima crassifolia) to 183 μg/cm2 (Sphagneticola trilobata). As reference, ID50 of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was 93 μg/cm2.Conclusions
Lipophilic extracts from these species can be regarded as potential sources of anti-inflammatory principles. 相似文献2.
Pharmacological relevance
Presentation of the scratch assay as a convenient and inexpensive in vitro tool to gain first insights in the wound healing potential of plant extracts and natural compounds.Aim of the study
The present study deals with the optimization of the scratch assay which can be used as an in vitro model for quantification of fibroblast migration to and proliferation into the wounded area. It is suitable for the first evaluation of the wound re-epithelialization potential of crude herbal extracts, isolated compounds and pharmaceutical preparations. As a proof of concept three preparations from traditional medicinal plants were investigated.Materials and methods
Swiss 3T3 albino mouse fibroblasts were used in monolayers and platelet derived growth factor as positive control. Hexane and ethanolic extracts from Calendula officinalis and Matricaria recutita, Hypericum oil as well as the triterpenoids faradiol myristate and palmitate were studied. To differentiate between proliferation and migration antimitotic mitomycin C was added.Results
Both extracts of Calendula officinalis stimulated proliferation and migration of fibroblasts at low concentrations, e.g. 10 μg/ml enhanced cell numbers by 64.35% and 70.53%, respectively. Inhibition of proliferation showed that this effect is mainly due to stimulation of migration. Faradiol myristate and palmitate gave comparable stimulation rates at an almost 50 μg/ml concentration, indicating that they contribute partially, but not most significantly to the wound healing effects of Calendula preparations. Extracts from Matricaria recutita were only moderately active. Hypericum oil was cytotoxic at concentrations higher than 0.5 μg/ml.Conclusions
The scratch assay in the present form can be used as a promising scientific approach and platform to differentiate between plant extracts known for their wound healing and their anti-inflammatory properties. 相似文献3.
Qiang Z Ye Z Hauck C Murphy PA McCoy JA Widrlechner MP Reddy MB Hendrich S 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,137(3):1107-1112
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a caffeic acid-related compound found in high concentrations in Prunella vulgaris (self-heal), and ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid concentrated in Salvia officinalis (sage), have been traditionally used to treat inflammation in the mouth, and may also be beneficial for gastrointestinal health in general.Aim of the study
To investigate the permeabilities of RA and UA as pure compounds and in Prunella vulgaris and Salvia officinalis ethanol extracts across human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers.Materials and methods
The permeabilities and phase II biotransformation of RA and UA as pure compounds and in herbal extracts were compared using Caco-2 cells with HPLC detection.Results
The apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) for RA and RA in Prunella vulgaris extracts was 0.2 ± 0.05 × 10−6 cm/s, significantly increased to 0.9 ± 0.2 × 10−6 cm/s after β-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment. Papp for UA and UA in Salvia officinalis extract was 2.7 ± 0.3 × 10−6 cm/s and 2.3 ± 0.5 × 10−6 cm/s before and after β-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment, respectively. Neither compound was affected in permeability by the herbal extract matrix.Conclusion
RA and UA in herbal extracts had similar uptake as that found using the pure compounds, which may simplify the prediction of compound efficacy, but the apparent lack of intestinal glucuronidation/sulfation of UA is likely to further enhance the bioavailability of that compound compared with RA. 相似文献4.
Aim of the study
Eryngium creticum, Nigella sativa, and Teucrium polium have been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammations, liver disorders, and arthritis. Various studies on these plants revealed anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antimutagenic activities. Previous results of our research group, however, indicate that aqueous extracts prepared as for the traditional use (tea) have neither cytoprotective nor antimutagenic activity. Instead, there is evidence for a mutagenic potential. Since the described antimutagenic activity may not be present in effective amounts in the aqueous extracts this study focuses on ethanolic extracts.Materials and methods
Ethanolic extracts of the three plant species were prepared and tested against N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a directly acting mutagen. Since it cannot be excluded that the active constituents of the plant extracts require biotransformation or induce metabolic enzymes, causing antimutagenic or detoxifying effects, primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were used for this study. Plant ethanolic extracts were applied along with MNNG in three protocols: pre-treatment, combined treatment and post-treatment.Results and conclusions
The results of this investigation clearly indicate an inhibitory effect of the plant extracts on MNNG mutagenicity, while the extracts had no effect on cytotoxicity indicators such as necrosis and apoptosis. The effects obtained can be attributed to a direct antimutagenic activity and an increased recovery at the chromosomal level. In order to identify the responsible compounds extracts will in a next step have to be fractionated, tested and chemically analyzed. 相似文献5.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Traditionally, mistletoes of Eastern Nigeria origin, Loranthus micranthus Linn. have been used as immunostimulant for the management of certain diseases with high profile immune depleting potentials. This practice has remained till date without scientific validation.Aim of study
To obtain and validate evidence for or against its continued use as immunostimulant and afford data for further studies on this specie of mistletoe. The present work is an in vivo proof of ethnopharmacological concept of the age long immunomodulatory use of our local mistletoe.Materials and methods
Aqueous-methanol extracts of the plant leaves from five different host trees were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity using four in vivo models in mice or rats, namely; total and differential leukocyte count (TLC and DLC), the cellular mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) test, the humoral mediated antibody titration (AT) test and the cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression (CIM) test at different dose levels (100, 200 and 400 or 50, 100 and 250 mg kg−1; depending on model) against standard controls. Phytochemical and acute toxicity tests were equally carried out on all the extracts.Results
Results obtained indicate that all the mistletoes contained the same phytochemical constituents, although in varying amounts. The mistletoes exhibited statistically significantly different (p < 0.05 or p < 0.001, ANOVA) immunomodulatory (up-regulatory) activities in the overall order of that from Kola acuminata > Citrus spp > Persia americana > Parkia biglobosa > Pentaclatra macrophylla. LD50 values were generally greater than 5000 mg/kg.Conclusion
The present study confirms the Eastern Nigeria mistletoe as a potent and safe alternative or complementary medicine for the management of immunodeficiency diseases. 相似文献6.
Uwe Koetter Marilyn Barrett Svenja Lacher Aliaa Abdelrahman Deanne Dolnick 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Magnolia officinalis Rehder and Wilson [Magnoliaceae] bark and Ziziphus spinosa (Buhge) Hu ex. Chen. [Fam. Rhamnaceae] seed have a history of use in traditional Asian medicine for mild anxiety, nervousness and sleep-related problems.Aim of the study
To identify pharmacological targets, extracts of Magnolia officinalis (ME), Ziziphus spinosa (ZE), and a proprietary fixed combination (MZE) were tested for affinity with central nervous system receptors associated with relaxation and sleep.Methods
In vitro radioligand binding and cellular functional assays were conducted on: adenosine A1, dopamine (transporter, D1, D2S, D3, D4.4 and D5), serotonin (transporter, 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT4e, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7) and the GABA benzodiazepine receptor.Results
Interactions were demonstrated with the adenosine A1 receptor, dopamine transporter and dopamine D5 receptor (antagonist activity), serotonin receptors (5-HT1B and 5-HT6 antagonist activity) and the GABA benzodiazepine receptor at a concentration of 100 μg/ml or lower. ME had an affinity with adenosine A1 (Ki of 9.2 ± 1.1 μg/ml) and potentiated the GABA activated chloride current at the benzodiazepine subunits of the GABA receptor (maximum effect at 50 μg/ml). ME had a modest antagonist action with 5-HT6 and ZE with the 5-HT1B receptor.Conclusion
The interactions in the receptor binding models are consistent with the traditional anxiolytic and sleep-inducing activities of Magnolia officinalis bark and Ziziphus spinosa seed. 相似文献7.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Total iridoids and xanthones (TIXS) were extracted from Swertia mussotii Franch, one of the most important eight Tibetan medicines in China, which was recorded in the book of Jingzhu Bencao and used for clinical treatment of cholestatic hepatitis for many years. Our aim was to study the hepatoprotective effect and chemical constituents of the TIXS.Materials and methods
Crude extracts were prepared using 90% ethanol, and individual fractions were collected following HPD-300 macroporous resin column chromatography. HPLC/MS was applied to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the TIXS. Then, the alpha-naphthylisot hiocyanate-induced liver damage model was used to assess the hepatoprotective effect of the TIXS.Results
A total of 12 compounds were identified by the fingerprint chromatography of the TIXS, and swertiamarin and swertianolin were shown to be its two main components. Oral administration of the TIXS at a dose of 35, 70 or 140 mg kg−1, swertiamarin at a dose of 20 mg kg−1 or swertianolin at a dose of 20 mg kg−1, for 7 days in mice significantly reduced the alpha-naphthylisot hiocyanate-induced levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and the total and direct bilirubins, and increased the bile flow (P<0.01).Conclusion
These findings suggest that the TIXS exhibits significant hepatoprotective effect in the liver damage model induced by alpha-naphthylisot hiocyanate. Its active constituents include swertiamarin and swertianolin. 相似文献8.
Aim of the study
The present study was carried out to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Ziziphus mauritiana (Lamk.) seed extract to ascertain the folkloric claim as immunomodulator.Materials and methods
The aqueous-ethanolic seed extract (100–400 mg kg−1) of Z. mauritiana was investigated for immunomodulatory potential in mice. The extract was standardized with HPLC using betulinic acid as a marker. Functions of various immunocytes in the form of humoral (development of anti-SRBC (sheep red blood cells) antibody titers) and cell-mediated immune response (delayed type hypersensitivity, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and bactericidal activity) was studied in SRBC immunized mice. The cytokine, IFN-γ (interferon-gamma) and IL-4 (interleukin-4) secretion was also measured quantitatively by ELISA as the expression of functions of Th-1 and Th-2 respectively. Levamisole (2.5 mg kg−1) was used as standard drug.Results
The seed extract demonstrated significant (P < 0.05–0.001) up-regulation of cell-mediated, humoral immune response and Th-1 mediated cytokine IFN-γ and decline in Th-2 mediated cytokine IL-4. At higher dose of extract the results were comparable to that of the levamisole.Conclusion
The immunostimulatory potential of this seed extract is likely to be mediated through its effect on macrophage function and Th-1 mediated immunity confirming the folkloric use of this plant. 相似文献9.
Joanne Bero Habib Ganfon Marie-Caroline Jonville Michel Frédérich Fernand Gbaguidi Patrick DeMol Mansourou Moudachirou Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of crude extracts of 12 plant species traditionally used in Benin for the treatment of malaria in order to validate their use.Materials and methods
For each species, dichloromethane, methanol and total aqueous extracts were tested. The antiplasmodial activity of extracts was evaluated using the measurement of the plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase activity on chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The selectivity of the different extracts was evaluated using the MTT test on J774 macrophage-like murine cells and WI38 human normal fibroblasts.Results
The best growth inhibition of both strains of Plasmodium falciparum was observed with the dichloromethane extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum DC. (Asteraceae) (IC50 = 7.5 μg/ml on 3D7 and 4.8 μg/ml on W2), Keetia leucantha (K. Krause) Bridson (syn. Plectronia leucantha Krause) (Rubiaceae) leaves and twigs (IC50 = 13.8 and 11.3 μg/ml on 3D7 and IC50 = 26.5 and 15.8 μg/ml on W2, respectively), Carpolobia lutea G.Don. (Polygalaceae) (IC50 = 19.4 μg/ml on 3D7 and 8.1 μg/ml on W2) and Strychnos spinosa Lam. (Loganiaceae) leaves (IC50 = 15.6 μg/ml on 3D7 and 8.9 μg/ml on W2). All these extracts had a low cytotoxicity.Conclusion
Our study gives some justifications for the traditional uses of some investigated plants. 相似文献10.
Aim of the study
Rumex abyssinicus Jacq (Polygonaceae) has been used traditionally for treatment of hypertension, inflammatory and painful conditions in Ethiopia. The present study aimed to evaluate the diuretic and analgesic activities of extracts of Rumex abyssinicus at different doses in mice.Materials and methods
The effect on urine volume and urinary electrolyte (Na+, K+ and Cl−) was assessed for a period of 5 h following oral administration of aqueous (500 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg) or 80% methanolic (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg or 750 mg/kg) extract or furosemide (10 mg/kg). Acetic acid-induced writhing and hot-plate tests were employed to study the analgesic effect of 80% methanolic extracts (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg, P.O.) and compared with that of aspirin (100 mg/kg, P.O.) or morphine (10 mg/kg, sc).Results
The extracts displayed dose-dependent diuretic and analgesic effects. The highest doses of both extracts markedly and significantly increased (P < 0.001) urine volume and urinary electrolytes, qualitatively similar to that of furosemide. 1000 mg/kg of the extract reduced the number of writhing by 67.6% (P < 0.001) and conferred more than 70% protection against thermally induced pain stimuli after 45 min of treatment comparable to that of aspirin and morphine, respectively.Conclusion
These findings collectively indicate that the extracts exhibited significant diuretic and analgesic activities, providing evidence, at least in part, for its folkloric use. 相似文献11.
M. Lusakibanza G. Mesia G. Tona S. Karemere A. Lukuka M. Tits L. Angenot M. Frédérich 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
The in vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of methanolic and dichloromethane extracts from five Congolese plants were evaluated. The plants were selected following an ethnobotanical survey conducted in D.R. Congo and focusing on plants used traditionally to treat malaria. The in vivo antimalarial activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts active in vitro was also determined in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei berghei.Materials and methods
The growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum strains was evaluated using the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity. The extracts (aqueous, CH3OH, EtOH and CH2Cl2) were prepared by maceration and tested in vitro against the 3D7 (chloroquine sensitive) and W2 (chloroquine resistant) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and against the human normal fetal lung fibroblasts WI-38 to determine the selectivity index. Some extracts were also used at the dose of 300 mg/kg to evaluate their activity in mice infected since 4 days by Plasmodium berghei.Results
Two plants presented a very high activity (IC50 < 3 μg/ml). These plants were Strychnos icaja roots bark (MeOH and CH2Cl2) and Physalis angulata leaves (MeOH and CH2Cl2). One plant (Anisopappus chinensis whole plant, MeOH and CH2Cl2) presented a high activity (IC50 < 15 μg/ml). The extracts of Anisopappus chinensis and Physalis angulata showed also a good inhibition of parasitemia in vivo. Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenes were identified in these plants by a general phytochemical screening method.Conclusion
Three plants showed a very interesting antiplasmodial activity (Anisopappus chinensis, Physalis angulata and Strychnos icaja) and one of them showed a good selectivity index (>10, Anisopappus chinensis). Anisopappus chinensis and Physalis angulata were also active in vivo. 相似文献12.
13.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Leucas cephalotes (Roth.) Spreng. (Laminaceae) is an ayurvedic traditional medicinal plant used in India, Nepal and Pakistan to treat several ailments including diabetes.Aim of the study
The aim of the present study is to investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipaemic and antioxidant activities of Leucas cephalotes for its purported use in diabetes.Materials and methods
The ethanol extract of leaves of Leucas cephalotes was administered (150, 300 and 450 mg kg−1 bw) to diabetes induced (IDDM and NIDDM) rats and carbohydrate, lipid, antioxidant, urea and creatinine profiles were assessed.Results
All the three doses of extract decreased plasma glucose and lipid profiles and, improved the antioxidant status of both types of diabetic rats. The extract administration improved hepatic glycogen content and hexokinase activity, decreased glucose-6-phosphatase activity, blood urea, creatinine contents and decreased lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. Of the three doses used, 450 mg kg−1 bw dose was found to be more potent in its effects comparable to those of glibenclamide and metformin.Conclusion
Leucas cephalotes regulates both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and, improves body antioxidant defense systems in both types of diabetes. 相似文献14.
Aim of the study
The present study deals with the anti-spasmodic activity of the aqueous and the methanolic extracts of the leaves and the root barks of Zizyphus lotus (L.) Desf. on male rats.Materials and methods
This activity was assessed on contractions of isolated rat duodenum, induced by acetylcholine, KCl, and BaCl2 and compared with the effect of atropine and papaverine.Results
Both extracts of leaves and root barks caused significant relaxation of spontaneous contractions and produced a concentration-dependent inhibition (P < 0.01–0.001) of contraction induced by spasmogenic agents.Conclusion
These results indicate that Zizyphus lotus extracts contain anti-spasmodic constituents mediating their effect through cholinergic receptors and blockade Ca2+ influx. This could explain the traditional use of Zizyphus lotus in the treatment of the intestinal diseases. 相似文献15.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Xylopia aethiopica has been traditionally used in the form of the dried fruit decoction to treat bronchitis, asthma, arthritis and rheumatism in Ghana, Nigeria and Cameroon. Aim of the study is to evaluate the anti-anaphylactic and anti-inflammatory effects of a 70% aqueous ethanol extract of the fruits of Xylopia aethiopica.Materials and methods
Systemic anaphylaxis was induced by the injection of either compound 48/80 or lipopolysaccharide, LPS and survival rates of mice monitored for 1 h or 7 days respectively while IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in a local allergic reaction was studied in the pinnal inflammation model in mice. Clonidine-induced catalepsy in mice was used to evaluate the indirect antihistamine effect of Xylopia aethiopica, XAE. The effects of XAE assessed on the maximal and total oedema responses in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action of the extract.Results
Administered at 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg kg−1 p.o., XAE dose dependently suppressed compound 48/80-induced mouse systemic anaphylactic shock and offered 63% protection to mice against LPS-induced endotoxic shock at a dose of 300 mg kg−1. In addition, the extract (30–300 mg kg−1) in a dose dependent manner significantly inhibited by 23–62% the mouse pinnal inflammation. Clonidine-induced catalepsy in mice was significantly suppressed in a dose and time dependent manner when administered both prophylactically and therapeutically. In the same doses, when administered before the induction of the mouse carrageenan-induced paw oedema, the mean maximal swelling attained during 6 h was reduced to 41.02±6.94%, 35.61±4.30%, and 29.09±4.90% of the inflamed control response respectively and total paw swellings induced over the 6 h were also dose-dependently and significantly suppressed to 74.84±14.84%, 63.95±9.37%, and 48.13±10.90% of the inflamed control response respectively. Administered after the induction of the carrageenan paw oedema the mean maximal swelling attained during 6 h was suppressed to 49.84±3.95%, 43.62±1.01%, and 35.97±1.34% of the inflamed control response respectively while the total paw swellings induced over the 6 h were also dose-dependently and significantly suppressed at 100 and 300 mg kg−1 to 72.39±4.38% and 60.81±3.25% of the inflamed control response respectively.Conclusion
These findings suggest that XAE inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate allergic reactions and exhibit anti-inflammatory actions through the inhibition of histamine release from mast cells via stabilizing the cell membrane. Our results contribute towards validation of the traditional use of Xylopia aethiopica in the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, arthritis and rheumatism. 相似文献16.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Scientific validation of ethnopharmacologically used plants and their utilization for therapeutic interventions can be a source of affordable treatment especially for neglected diseases in endemic areas. Conyza sumatrensis is a plant which finds its use in treating malaria like fevers but lacks proper scientific validation. Our study has tried to address this gap by authenticating its traditional use for the treatment of malaria.Aim of the study
Evaluate the antimalarial activity of extracts derived from Conyza sumatrensis for its ethnopharmacological validation.Materials and methods
Shade dried leaves were extracted with varying concentrations of ethanol and concentrated for bio-evaluation. Swiss albino mice infected with 1×106 parasitized red blood cells, were orally administered with test extracts for 7 days in two sets of experiments. The first set was used to evaluate alcoholic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts while the second set was used to evaluate the dose response of alcoholic extract ranging from 500–1600 mg/kg. Mean survival time, parasitaemia and haemoglobin levels were considered to interpret the antimalarial potential. Phytochemical analysis for the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids tannins, total phenolics, riboflavin and thiamine was also carried out.Results
Among the three extracts administered at 1000 mg/kg, chemo suppression was significantly (p<0.001) observed in the alcoholic extract (62.59±12.52%) followed by hydroalcoholic (41.81±19.04%, p<0.01) and aqueous (32.04±19.04%, P<0.05) indicating that the active constituents leach out in ethanol. The dose response study involving the ethanol extract concluded the optimum dose to be 1000 mg/kg, as also evidenced by the haemoglobin levels.Conclusion
The plant exhibits moderate antimalarial activity which can be further prospected for active fractions or pure molecules for adjunctive therapy. 相似文献17.
Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani Ali RoohbakhshMohammad Allahtavakoli Ali Shamsizadeh 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Valeriana officinalis L. (valerian) root extract has been used as an antiepileptic herbal medicine in Iran.Aim of this study
In the present study the effect of valerian extracts on an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was evaluated. Moreover, the involvement of adenosine system in the actions of aqueous extract of valerian was evaluated.Materials and methods
Bipolar stimulating and monopolar recording electrodes were implanted stereotaxically in the right basolateral amygdala of male Sprague–Dawley rats. After kindling, the effect of aqueous (200, 500 and 800 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) and petroleum ether (PE; 50 and 100 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) extracts of valerian and CPT (selective A1 receptor antagonist; 10 and 20 μM; intracerebroventricular) on afterdischarge duration (ADD), duration of stage 5 seizure (S5D) and latency to the onset of bilateral forelimb clonuses (S4L) were measured. The effect of CPT (10 μM) on the response of aqueous extract of valerian (500 mg/kg) was also determined.Results
The results showed that aqueous extract of valerian had anticonvulsant effect. However, PE extract and CPT (20 μM) had proconvulsant effect. Administration of CPT (10 μM) before the administration of aqueous extract decreased the anticonvulsant effect of valerian.Conclusions
The results showed significant anticonvulsant effect for aqueous but not PE extract of valerian. Moreover, CPT as a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist decreased the anticonvulsant effect of valerian aqueous extract. Therefore, we concluded that part of anticonvulsant effect of valerian probably is mediated through activation of adenosine system. 相似文献18.
Lyvia I.G. Paula-Freire Fúlvio R. Mendes Graziella R. Molska Joaquim M. Duarte-Almeida Elisaldo A. Carlini 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Heteropterys tomentosa
A. Juss (Malpighiaceae), commonly mistaken as Heteropterys aphrodisiaca, is chronically used by the Brazilian population to improve general health due to its claimed protective effects against a wide range of medical conditions.Aim of the study
This study in rodents aimed to verify the adaptogenic potential of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the roots (the most commonly used portion), branches and leaves of the plant.Materials and methods
The phytochemical constitution of the extracts was analyzed through thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Restriction- and cold-induced stress in rats treated for 14 days with 100 or 300 mg/kg of the extracts were used to evaluate parameters such as ulceration, adrenals, thymus and spleen weights, as well as ACTH and corticosterone plasmatic levels. The stress response also was evaluated in mice by self-analgesia induced by restraint stress, after 7 days of treatment at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg. The learning and memory of aged rats treated with extracts of root or branches at the dose of 50 mg/kg for 80 days were evaluated in the elevated T-maze test.Results
The chemical constituents of the three parts of the plant were relatively similar in the presence of saponins, hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols and triterpenes. None of the three extracts were capable of protecting the stomach from ulcerations in rats submitted to cold restraint stress or protecting from alterations in adrenal or spleen weight (p>0.05). Furthermore, the extracts did not inhibit increases in plasma levels of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone. Moreover, the extracts did not inhibit self-analgesia induced by restraint stress in mice and did not improve the performance of aged rats in the T-maze test (p>0.05).Conclusion
The tests employed in this study did not show evidence of adaptogenic activity in the three extracts of Heteropterys tomentosa. 相似文献19.
Olivia Jansen L. Angenot M. Tits J.P. Nicolas P. De Mol J.-B. Nikiéma M. Frédérich 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiplasmodial properties of 13 plants used against malaria in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso.Materials and methods
In vitro antiplasmodial activity of dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous crude extracts obtained from vegetal samples collected in Burkina Faso was first evaluated on the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 chloroquine-sensitive strain using a colorimetric method.Results
Thirteen extracts obtained from 8 different species were found to exhibit antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 50 μg/ml). Five species demonstrated a moderate activity (15 μg/ml < IC50 < 50 μg/ml): Boswellia dalzielii (leaves), Waltheria indica (roots and aerial parts), Bergia suffruticosa (whole plant), Vitellaria paradoxa (bark) and Jatropha gossypiifolia (leaves). The best results were obtained with extracts from the Dicoma tomentosa whole plant, from Psorospermum senegalense leaves and from Gardenia sokotensis leaves. These extracts found to display promising antiplasmodial activity, with IC50 values ranging from 7.0 to 14.0 μg/ml.The most active plant extracts were then tested for in vitro activity on the Plasmodium falciparum W2 chloroquine-resistant strain and also for in vitro cytotoxicity on normal human fibroblasts (WI-38) in order to determine the selectivity index.Conclusions
Dicoma tomentosa (Asteraceae) and Psorospermum senegalense (Clusiaceae) appeared to be the best candidates for further investigation of their antiplasmodial properties, reported for the first time by this study. 相似文献20.
Vascular effects and antioxidant activity of two Combretum species from Democratic Republic of Congo
Francine Nsuadi Manga Charaf El Khattabi Jeanine Fontaine Guy Berkenboom Pierre Duez José Lami Nzunzu Stéphanie Pochet 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012