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1.
Aim of the study
Chloranthus erectus (Buch.-Ham.) Verdcourt (Chloranthaceae) is a shrub native to tropical and temperate zone of Eastern Himalaya of India and South-East Asia and have traditionally been used as a folklore medicine to treat localised swelling, joint pain, skin inflammation, fever and bodyache. In this study, an attempt has been made to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract obtained from Chloranthus erectus leaves (MECEL) in acute, sub-acute and chronic mouse models.Materials and methods
Inflammation in the hind paw of Wistar albino rat was induced by carrageenan, histamine and serotonin, and tissue granuloma pouch was induced by cotton pellet method. Anti-inflammatory drug—phenylbutazone was used as standard drug for comparison.Results
In acute carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema, oral administration of MECEL at 200 mg/kg produced significant inhibition of edema by 38.34% (p < 0.01) while the histamine- and serotonin-induced sub-acute model, the inhibition of paw edema reached 52.54% (p < 0.001) and 25.5% (p < 0.01), respectively. In a 7-day study, MECEL at 20 and 50 mg/kg produced significant suppression of cotton pellet-induced tissue granuloma formation in rats.Conclusions
This preliminary study revealed that the methanol extract of Chloranthus erectus exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the tested models, and may provide the scientific rationale for its popular folk medicine as anti-inflammatory agent. 相似文献2.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Cassia sophera Linn (Family Caesalpiniaceae), popularly known as kasundi, is used both in the Indian traditional system and folk medicine to treat several inflammatory pathologies such as asthma, arthritis and pains. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the scientific basis of anti-inflammatory activity of Cassia sophera ethanol extracts and of an isolated constituent of Cassia sophera.Materials and methods
The anti-inflammatory activity of Cassia sophera was studied using the carrageenan, dextran induced rat paw edema, and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats. The ethanol extract was administered at the concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight whereas rhamnetin (RN) was administered at a dose of 10 and 15 mg/kg, b.w. Indomethacin was used as standard drug.Results
The HPLC analysis revealed that good amounts of rhamnetin (0.18%) was present in Cassia sophera.The ethanol extracts at 400 mg/kg, showed maximum inhibition of inflammation induced by carrageenan (44%), dextran (40%), cotton pellets (37.47%). On the other hand rhamnetin (15 mg/kg) exhibited maximum anti-inflammatory effect, that is 79 and 33% at the end of 3 h with carrageenin, and dextran-induced rat paw edema, respectively. In a chronic test rhamnetin (15 mg/kg) showed 43.32% reduction in granuloma weight.Conclusion
The marked inhibitory effect on paw edema and granuloma showed that Cassia sophera possess remarkable anti-inflammatory activity which may be due to rhamnetin at least in part, supporting the folkloric usage of the plant to treat various inflammatory diseases. 相似文献3.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Traditionally the aqueous extracts of dried roots of the plant Ecbolium viride are used for menorrhagia, rheumatism and jaundice.Aim of the study
The aim was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Ecbolium viride extract in an in vivo model.Materials and methods
The ethyl acetate fraction of Ecbolium viride root extract was prepared and administered orally to rats. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ecbolium viride was determined by carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma models.Results
Oral administration of Ecbolium viride extract reduced inflammation significantly (P < 0.01) in both the carageenan paw edema and the cotton pellet granuloma models.Conclusions
The results of the study supported the traditional use of Ecbolium viride in the treatment for inflammatory disease. 相似文献4.
Liliane TrivellatoGrassi Angela Malheiros Christiane Meyre-Silva Ziliani da Silva Buss Eduardo Dalmarco Monguilhott Tânia S. Fröde Kathryn Ana Bortolini Simão da Silva Márcia Maria de Souza 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethno-pharmacological relevance
Chenopodium ambrosioides (Amarantaceae) is an annual or perennial plant popularly known as ‘erva de Santa Maria’, ‘mastruço’ and ‘erva-do-formigueiro’. This herb is used in folk medicine in the form of teas, poultices and infusions for inflammatory problems, contusions and lung infections, and as an anthelmintic and anti-fungal.Aim of the study
The aim of the present study was to further the understanding of the anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects of ethanol extract (EE) obtained from the leaves and stems of Chenopodium ambrosioides in animal models of acute pain, inflammation and wound healing, thus supporting its medicinal use for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditionsMaterials and methods
The anti-nociceptive activity of EE (150–500 mg/kg) was evaluated using the nociception induced by formalin (2.5%), prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2; 3 nmol/paw), capsaicin (CAP, 1.6 μg/paw) and bradykinin (BK, 10 nmol/paw). The anti-inflammatory activity of EE (150–500 mg/kg) was evaluated in carrageenan- (Cg, 300 μg/paw), PGE2- (3 nmol/paw), substance P- (SP, 20 nmol/paw) and BK- (3 nmol/paw) induced paw oedema. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of EE (1%, 3% and 5%) was evaluated in arachidonic acid- (AA, 2 mg/ear), oil croton- (1 μg/ear) and CAP- (250 μg/ear) induced ear oedema. The effect of this extract in the inhibition of the influx of neutrophil, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and adenosine-deaminase (ADA) activities and nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-á levels was also determined using the mouse of pleurisy induced by Cg. The excision wound model in rats was used to evaluate the wound healing efficacy of EE (1%, 3% and 5%). To exclude the possible non-specific muscle relaxant or sedative effects of EE, mice motor performance was also evaluated with the rota-rod test.Results
EE (5% per ear) was effective in reducing ear oedema induced by croton oil by 78.09%, CAP by 70.85% and AA by 77.02%. EE (500 mg/kg; p.o.) also significantly inhibited paw oedema induced by Cg by 40%, PGE2 by 51%, SP by 56% and BK by 57%. EE (500 mg/kg; p.o.) inhibited the cell influx of leucocytes by 78% and neutrophils by 53%, MPO activity by 62.22% and ADA activity by 23.07%, as well as NO by 77.77% and TNF-á levels by 50% in the fluid leakage due to the carrageenan-induced pleurisy. EE also inhibited the formalin-induced nociceptive in both phases of pain (neurogenic and inflammatory) at a dose of 500 mg/kg, resulting in inhibitions of 77.39% and 95.60%, respectively. EE (500 mg/kg; p.o.) was also effective in inhibiting the nociception induced by PGE2 (68%), CAP (53%) and BK (32%). Topical application of EE (5%) on excision wounds caused a significant reduction in wound area when compared with the untreated controls. Finally, treatment with EE (150–500 mg/kg) did not show any significant alterations in motor performance or body temperature compared with the control group.Conclusions
The results, including the inhibition of mediators (BK, NO, SP, PGE2 and TNF-á) and enzyme (MPO and ADA) activity, validate the use of the plant under study for therapeutic treatment of anti-inflammatory, painful and wound healing processes. 相似文献5.
Bamidele V. Owoyele Abdulrazaq B. NafiuIdris A. Oyewole Lukuman A. OyewoleAyodele O. Soladoye 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Parquetina nigrescens is a shrub that is commonly used in different parts of West Africa for the treatment of several ailments which includes pain, fever and inflammatory conditions.Aim of the study
The present study was designed to investigate the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of the aqueous extract of Parquetina nigrescens leaves in rats.Materials and methods
Five groups were used for each study, groups 1 and 5 served as control (saline) and reference (indomethacine) respectively, while groups 2–4 received the extract (50–200 mg/kg) orally. Formalin paw licking and hot plate latency tests were used for analgesic studies. Carrageenan oedema, cotton pellet granuloma and formaldehyde arthritis models were used to quantify the anti-inflammatory activities while the brewer’s yeast was used for inducing pyrexia.Results
The results of the analgesic study show that the extract produced significant (p < 0.05) analgesia in the hot plate and in the formalin tests. In the anti-inflammatory study, Parquetina nigrescens produced significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of the various types of inflammation. The extract also inhibited the pyrexia induced by brewer’s yeast.Conclusion
The result justifies the traditional uses of Parquetina nigrescens for the treatment of fever, inflammatory and painful conditions. 相似文献6.
Aim of study
Extracts of Pistacia integerrima galls have been dispensed by Traditional Practitioners of Subcontinent for chest diseases as well as for aches and pains in the body. This study was planned to evaluate the possible analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of Pistacia integerrima extracts.Materials and methods
Analgesia was determined using acetic acid induced abdominal constriction and formalin induced paw licking in mice. Antinociceptive effect was observed by thermally induced algesia in mice.Results
Pistacia integerrima leaves extracts showed significant response against chemically induced pain (P < 0.001) whereas galls extracts had highly significant protection (P < 0.0001) in a dose dependent manner. In thermally induced algesia, Pistacia integerrima galls extracts 200 mg/kg (p.o.), showed significant (P < 0.05) response but less than pentazocine and diclofenac, positive references. The extracts of Pistacia integerrima 50–200 mg/kg (p.o.) had modest activity against hind paw acute and chronic inflammation induced by formalin (P < 0.01).Conclusion
These results demonstrate that Pistacia integerrima extracts have antinociceptive and analgesic effects and no apparent acute toxicity on oral administration. 相似文献7.
Aim of the study
This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of a Tibetan herb Pterocephalus hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck to provide experimental evidence for its traditional use such as cold, flu and rheumatoid arthritis.Materials and methods
Investigations on the analgesic effects of P. hookeri (C.B. Clarke) Höeck were carried out, including hot-plate test and acetic acid-induced writhing. The anti-inflammatory activities were observed by utilizing the following models: carrageenin-induced edema of the hind paw of rats, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats, acetic acid-induced permeability, and xylene-induced ear edema in mice. The effects of the administration of indomethacin were also studied.Results
It has been shown that the ethanol and aqueous extracts significantly increased the hot-plate pain threshold and reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice. The ethanol and aqueous extracts remarkably inhibited the increase in vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and ear edema induced by xylene. The ethanol extract also significantly decreased the carrageenin-induced rat paw edema perimeter and inhibited the increase of granuloma weight.Conclusion
The results show that the ethanol and aqueous extracts have both central and peripheral analgesic activities and as anti-inflammatory effects, supporting the traditional application of this herb in treating various diseases associated with inflammation and pain. 相似文献8.
J. Abbah S. Amos B. Chindo I. Ngazal H.O. Vongtau B. Adzu T. Farida A.A. Odutola C. Wambebe K.S. Gamaniel 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
Nauclea latifolia Smith is used traditionally in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria and painful conditions among its several other applications. The objective of this study is to investigate the pharmacological activities of the plant relevant to the symptomatic treatment of malaria fever and other painful conditions as an initial step towards developing an effective therapy for the symptomatic management of malaria fever and relief of other painful conditions.Materials and methods
Various concentrations of the aqueous extract of the root bark of this plant were evaluated for its anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities in mice and rats. Investigation of the anti-nociceptive activities was performed using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and hot-plate tests in mice and formalin-induced pain test in rats, as models of nociception. The extract was also investigated for its effect against inflammation induced by egg-albumin and pyrexia induced by yeast in rats.Results
Our data showed that the aqueous extract of Nauclea latifolia root bark (50–200 mg/kg p.o.) significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated writhing episodes induced by acetic acid and increased the threshold for pain perception in the hot-plate test in mice, dose-dependently. The product also remarkably decreased both the acute and delayed phases of formalin-induced pain in rats and also caused a significant reduction in both yeast-induced pyrexia and egg-albumin-induced oedema in rats. These effects were produced in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion
The results suggest the presence of biologically active principles in the extract with anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities that justifies its use in malaria ethnopharmacy and subsequent development for clinical application. 相似文献9.
Fabiana C. Vilela Andressa D. BitencourtLayla D.M. Cabral Lidiane S. FranquiRoseli Soncini Alexandre Giusti-Paiva 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Sonchus oleraceus L. has been used to relieve headaches, general pain, hepatitis, infections, inflammation and rheumatism in Brazilian folk medicine. Nevertheless, scientific information regarding this species is scarce; there are no reports related to its possible anti-inflammatory effects.Aim of the study
This study was aimed at evaluating the scientific basis for the traditional use of Sonchus oleraceus using in vivo inflammatory models.Materials and methods
Carrageenan-induced paw edema, peritonitis and febrile response induced by lipopolysaccharide tests, as well as fibrovascular tissue growth induced by s.c. cotton pellet implantation were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Sonchus oleraceus hydroethanolic extract (SoHE) in rats.Results
The SoHE at test doses of 100–300 mg/kg p.o. clearly demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by reduced paw edema induced by carragenan, inhibited leukocyte recruitment into the peritoneal cavity and reduced LPS-induced febrile response, and in the model of chronic inflammation using the cotton pellet-induced fibrovascular tissue growth in rats, the SoHE significantly inhibited the formation of granulomatous tissue. The extract administered at 300 mg/kg p.o. had a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than indomethacin (10 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (1 mg/kg).Conclusion
The hydroethanolic extract of Sonchus oleraceus markedly demonstrated anti-inflammatory action in rats, which supports previous claims of its traditional use. 相似文献10.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Kigelia pinnata DC is extensively used in Indian traditional medicine for several diseases including inflammatory and painful disorders.Aim of the study
The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata flower (MKFL) to support the medicinal uses claimed by folklore practitioners.Materials and methods
MKFL is evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats and analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and formalin-induced paw licking models in mice.Results
MKFL exhibited a significant (P < 0.01) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. in rats and mice respectively.Conclusions
The results of the experimental study thus strongly support the traditional use of this plant for inflammatory and pain disorders. 相似文献11.
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the ethanolic extract of Bougainvillea xbuttiana
A.L. Alvarez Perez Gil L. Barbosa Navarro M. Patipo Vera V.L. Petricevich 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Bougainvillea xbuttiana is widely distributed in Mexico and it is used as an analgesic in folk medicine.Aim of the study
In the present study the in vivo antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the Bougainvillea xbuttiana ethanolic extract have been studied in mice.Materials and methods
The phytochemical analysis was performed. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated through writhing and formalin test in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined with the carrageenan-induced mice paw oedema model. IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were determined by enzyme-like immunosorbent assay, whereas TNF and nitrite levels were detected by standard assay with L929 cells and colorimetric Griess reactive, respectively.Results
The results showed that the ethanolic extract of the Bougainvillea xbuttiana has significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, by inhibition of nociception induced by acetic acid and paw oedema. This extract also induced a decrease in TNF levels and an increase of IL-6, IFN-γ and NO levels that we observed up to 2 h. The highest levels of IL-10 were observed up to 4 h. The ratios of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in sera from mice injected with the ethanolic extract, may be manifesting an anti-inflammatory status.Conclusions
The present study provides convincing evidences that Bougainvillea xbuttiana extract possesses significant anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. 相似文献12.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. Ex Engl. ethanolic leaf extract
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The leaves of Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum (Bignoniaceae) are used traditionally for the treatment of oedema and rheumatoid arthritis in Nigeria.Aim of the study
The aim of the work was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic leaf extract of Markhamia tomentosa.Materials and methods
The extract was screened using the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats, xylene-induced oedema in mice and the formalin-induced oedema in mice at 50, 100, 200 mg/kg doses p.o respectively. The mechanism by which the extract mediated the anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the histamine-induced rat paw oedema and serotonin-induced rat paw oedema at the highest dose (200 mg/kg).Results
The results showed that the extract produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition in carrageenan-induced, xylene-induced and the formalin tests. The extract exerted a significant inhibition of 54.55% (P<0.0001) and 42.11% (P<0.01) at 90 min in the histamine-induced and serotonin-induced rat paw oedema models respectively.Conclusions
These findings suggest that the ethanolic leaf extract of Markhamia tomentosa possesses anti-inflammatory activity possibly mediated by histamine. The results justify the use of the plant in the preparation of ethno medicines used in the treatment of ailments associated with inflammation. 相似文献13.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Xylopia aethiopica is used in a decoction of the dried fruit to treat bronchitis, asthma, arthritis, rheumatism, headache, neuralgia and colic pain. The aim of the study is to evaluate the anti‐arthritic effects of a 70% aqueous ethanol extract of the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica in a chronic inflammatory model.Materials and methods
Adjuvant arthritis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intraplantar injection of Complete Freund?s Adjuvant into the right hind paw. Foot volume was measured by water displacement plethysmometry. The oedema component of inflammation was evaluated as the percentage change in paw swelling and the total oedema induced calculated as area under the time course curves. In addition to X-ray radiography, histopathology of ankle joints supported by haematological analysis was used to assess the anti-arthritic action of the extract of Xylopia aethiopica (XAE).Results
Xylopia aethiopica extract (100, 300 and 600 mg kg−1) modified the time course curve significantly reducing hind paw oedema in the ipsilateral paw at all dose levels when administered both prophylactically and therapeutically. In addition XAE significantly suppressed the systemic spread of the arthritis from the ipsilateral to the contralateral limbs. The radiological pictures of the joints particularly metatarsal, phalanges and the ankle joint space of rats in the XAE-treated group showed protective effect against adjuvant-induced arthritis while histopathology revealed significant reduction in mononuclear infiltration, pannus formation and bone erosion. The haematological analysis in the test animals revealed significant improvement relative to the CFA model group.Conclusion
Xylopia aethiopica XAE suppresses joint inflammation and destruction in arthritic rats 相似文献14.
Diogo A. dos Santos Murilo de J. Fukui N.P. Dhammika Nanayakkara Shabana I. Khan João Paulo B. Sousa Jairo K. Bastos Sérgio F. Andrade Ademar A. da Silva Filho Nara L.M. Quintão 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010
Aim of the study
The aerial parts of Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C., popularly known as “alecrim do campo”, are used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the crude hydroalcoholic extract obtained from leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia (BdE), which have not been reported.Materials and methods
BdE was analyzed by HPLC and in vivo evaluated (doses ranging from 50 to 400 mg/kg, p.o.) by using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions, paw oedema induced by carrageenan or histamine, overt nociception models using capsaicin, glutamate or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), formalin-induced nociception and mechanical hypernociception induced by carrageenan or complete Freund adjuvant (CFA). As positive controls it was used paracetamol in both acetic acid and formalin tests; dipyrone in capsaicin, glutamate and PMA-induced nociception; indomethacin in CFA and carrageenan-induced hypernociception models. In addition, the in vitro effects of BdE on COX-2 activity and on the activation of NF-κB were also evaluated.Results
BdE (50–400 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly diminished the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid, glutamate and CFA. Furthermore, BdE also inhibited the nociceptive responses in both phases of formalin-induced nociception. BdE, administered orally, also produced a long-lasting anti-hypernociceptive effect in the acute model of inflammatory pain induced by carrageenan. It was also observed the inhibition of COX-2 activity by BdE.Conclusion
In summary, the data reported in this work confirmed the traditional anti-inflammatory indications of Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves and provided biological evidences that Baccharis dracunculifolia, like Brazilian green propolis, possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. 相似文献15.
Barua CC Pal SK Roy JD Buragohain B Talukdar A Barua AG Borah P 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,134(1):62-66
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Leaves of Plantago erosa ex Roxb are used traditionally in Northeast India in different illnesses which include wounds, cuts, bruises, insect bites, poison-ivy rashes, minor sores and snakebite, etc.Aim of the study
Plantago erosa is one of the commonly used medicinal plants in various inflammatory conditions in this region; however, due to paucity of scientific literature on its anti-inflammatory property, the present study was aimed at evaluating its anti-inflammatory activity in the leaves using in vivo models of inflammation.Materials and methods
Different models like carageenan induced paw edema in rat and mice, formalin induced paw licking in rats and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats were used for studying the anti-inflammatory activity in methanol extract of Plantago erosa (PEME) leaves.Results
The PEME at the oral doses from 300 to 600 mg/kg showed anti-inflammatory activity in various models. The extract (PEME) reduced carageenan induced paw edema in rat and mice, inhibited the formation of granulomatous tissue in cotton pellet induced granuloma after treatment and also decreased the reaction time in both early and late phases in formalin induced paw licking in rats.Conclusion
The study evidently confirmed anti-inflammatory activity of PEME and thus supported the traditional claim. The anti-inflammatory activity could be attributed to the phytoconstituent (flavonoids, alkaloids and steroid) present in the methanol extract of the plant. 相似文献16.
Ruben Marroquin-Segura Maurilio Flores-Pimentel Rodolfo Carreón-Sánchez Martha M. Garcia-Burciaga José Luis Alfredo Mora-Guevara Abigail Aguilar-Contreras Vicente Jesús Hernandez-Abad 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aims of study
Despite the ethnopharmacological relevance of Helietta parvifolia A. Gray (Rutaceae) in Mexico, we found no significant pharmacological studies of this plant in the scientific literature. The aim of the present study was to establish the anti-inflammatory effect of an aqueous extract of the stem bark of Helietta parvifolia in mice.Materials and methods
The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Helietta parvifolia was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice, and the cotton pellet granuloma method.Results
An extract dose ranging from 20 to 80 mg/kg p.o. showed a non-significant effect over the initial phase of carrageenan-induced oedema. However, it showed a significant inhibition of oedema after 3 h, which can be related to the inhibition of the release of kinin-like substances. An ID50 value of 47.4 mg/kg was obtained for the plant extract. The extract also suppressed granulomatous tissue formation during chronic inflammation. The inhibitory values were 19.2, and 22.2, corresponding to 40 and 80 mg/kg doses of extract respectively.Conclusions
Aqueous extract showed a statistically significant anti-inflammatory effect in mice during the late phase of acute inflammation and during chronic inflammation. However, the exact mechanism(s) of anti-inflammatory effects of Helietta parvifolia observed in this study remains unclear. 相似文献17.
Su S Wang T Duan JA Zhou W Hua YQ Tang YP Yu L Qian DW 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,134(2):251-258
Aim of the study
This present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 85% ethanol extract (EE) of Commiphora myrrha and its different fractions partitioned with petroleum ether extract (EPE), ethyl acetate extract (EEA), n-butanol extract (EBu), and the water extract (ECY). Moreover, the chemical constituents in EPE were analyzed and identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS/MS.Materials and methods
The anti-inflammatory activities were investigated by utilizing the paw edema mice induced by formalin. In addition, we determined the levels of PGE2 in the edema paw. While the analgesic activity was examined against thermally and chemically induced nociceptive pain in mice, using the acetic acid and hot-plate test methods. The effects of the administration of dolantin or indomethacin were also studied for references. The components in EPE were analyzed by the ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrum.Results
In the anti-inflammatory test, EE inhibited the development of paw swelling induced by formalin significantly. The pharmacological activities of the petroleum ether fraction (EPE) were stronger than the EE extract and other fractions at the dose of 100 mg/kg, and furthermore significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory factor PGE2 in the edema paw tissue at the fourth hour after formalin injection. It has been also shown that the ethanol extract (EE) significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice at the dose of 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg. The petroleum ether fraction (EPE) showed significant analgesic activity in the model at the dose of 100 mg/kg (p < 0.01), and the ethyl acetate fraction (EEA) exhibited less analgesic activity (p < 0.05). All test samples showed no significant analgesic activity on the hot plate pain threshold in mice. The UPLC-MS/MS chromatogram analysis of EPE stated that EPE contains the ingredients of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, and diterpenic acids. Moreover, seven main compounds were identified.Conclusion
These data demonstrated that the EE and EPE posses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities and may support the fact the traditional application of this herb in treating various diseases associated with inflammatory pain. 相似文献18.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Fruits of Heracleum persicum (Apiaceae) are used as pain killer in Iranian folkloric medicine.Aims of study
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract and essential oil of the plant fruits and analyzing the essential oil.Materials and methods
Essential oil and hydroalcoholic extracts of the fruits were prepared according to standard methods and the components of essential oil were identified using GC–MS method. The acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin test were used in male mice to assess analgesic activity. For evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema was used.Results
Hexyl butyrate (56.5%), octyl acetate (16.5%), hexyl 2-methylbutanoate (5.2%) and hexyl isobutyrate (3.4%) were identified as the major constituents of the oil. Oral or intraperitoneal administration of Heracleum persicum essential oil (HPEO) at doses of 50–200 mg/kg and Heracleum persicum hydroalcoholic extract (HPHE) at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions. HPEO and HPHE also significantly attenuated the pain response of the second phase of formalin test.In carrageenan test HPEO at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg and HPHE at a dose of 400 mg/kg induced a significant reduction of paw edema.Conclusions
These results clearly show the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the plant essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of action and the components responsible for these pharmacological effects. 相似文献19.
Salman Khan Omer Shehzad Jaemoo Chun Ran Joo Choi Saitbyul Park Md. Nurul Islam Jae Sue Choi Yeong Shik Kim 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2014
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Artemisia capillaris has widespread traditional and pharmacological applications such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, enhance immunity and anti-tumor activity properties. To evaluate the pharmacological activities of this plant, capillarisin, one of the potent constituent of Artemisia capillaris was studied based on anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic effects with detailed mechanism. It can be assumed that measurement of anti-nociceptive effects of capillarisin is one of the parameter for the evaluation of this herb. Capillarisin has extensive pharmacological properties and has been considered to have promising ant-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of capillarisin and underlying molecular mechanisms of action in preventing acute and subchronic inflammatory pain.Materials and methods
The inflammatory pain was induced after 40 min or 1 h of administration of vehicle, 70% EtOH extract of Artemisia capillaris (100 mg/kg) or capillarisin (20 and 80 mg/kg) by intraplantar (i.p.l.) injections of CFA and carrageenan in ICR mice, respectively. Mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia were evaluated in both acute and subchronic models. Further analysis was performed in CFA-induced mice exploring various molecular and signaling pathways such as NF-κB, AP-1, and ERK-CREB involved in the persistent pain sensations.Results
In acute model, mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia were evaluated after every 2 h until 6 h of CFA and after 4 h of carrageenan injections. Whereas, in subchronic inflammatory pain model, mechanical hyperalgesia and paw edema were measured after 4 h of CFA injection and every day after 4 h of daily treatment until 5 days with interval of day four in order to assess the tolerance effect of capillarisin. Further analysis was performed in CFA-induced mice exploring various molecular and signaling pathways such as NF-κB, AP-1 and ERK-CREB involved in the persistent of pain sensations. Pre-treatment of capillarisin strongly inhibited NF-κB mediated genes (iNOS, COX-2), involved in pain. The plasma leading nitrite production was significantly reduced by capillarisin. Moreover, i.p. administration of capillarisin markedly suppressed the adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP) in plasma and substance P in CFA-induced paw tissue.Conclusions
The present study indicates that capillarisin possessed promising anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic effects through the inhibition of various inflammatory pain signaling, suggesting that capillarisin constitutes a significant component for the treatment of inflammatory pain. 相似文献20.
Inamullah Khan Muhammad Nisar Farooq Ebad Said Nadeem Muhammad Saeed Haroon Khan Samiullah Fazli Khuda Nasiara Karim Zia Ahmad 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009