In vitro effects of cyclosporin A on the expression of adhesion molecules on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Among the different factors playing crucial roles in endothelial cell activation, cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) have been reported to demonstrate profound effects on this cell type. It has been shown that the increased release of IFN-alpha/gamma and TNF-alpha causes structural and functional modulations of the endothelial cell. These cytokines participate in the recruitment and activation of the immune system. CsA is an immunosuppressive drug that is necessary at high levels in human recipients of vascularised xenografts. This drug could contribute to a prolonged graft survival by modulation of endothelial cell activation. METHODS: The present study deals with the effects of cyclosporin A on adhesion molecule expression (i.e. ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, PECAM-1 and the L-selectin ligand CD 34) on the surface of cytokine stimulated HUVECs. The in vitro model described herein mimics the stimulation of endothelial cells by cytokines as seen during inflammatory processes after transplantation. Therefore, HUVECs were activated either with TNF-alpha, IL-1beta or with a cytokine mixture consisting of those stimulants present at an elevated level in sera of patients during allograft rejection (i.e. IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma). RESULTS: The results obtained show that the immunosuppression of CsA is not only achieved by inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation, but also by decreasing the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, which are the first target of the cellular rejection process. CONCLUSION: Co-incubation of stimulated endothelial cells with a final CsA concentration of 5 microg/ml revealed a significant down-regulating influence on the surface expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1.     

体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞在高糖状态下黏附分子表达及粒细胞黏附的性能：α-亚麻酸干预与影响

目的:观察α-亚麻酸对高糖作用下体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞分泌细胞间黏附分子1、血管细胞黏附分子1及中性粒细胞与人脐静脉内皮细胞黏附的影响。探讨α-亚麻酸在糖尿病血管合并症防治中的可能作用。方法:实验于2005-10/2006-09在解放军第四军医大学西京医院心血管内科实验室完成。①实验材料:α-亚麻酸由解放军第四军医大学药物研究所自花椒籽中提成,含量>91.6%;婴儿脐带(由解放军第四军医大学西京医院妇产科提供,家属知情同意,经医院伦理委员会批准)。②实验过程及分组:采用体外培养的第2～4代人脐静脉内皮细胞,分为正常对照组、高糖组及高糖组 α-亚麻酸(α-亚麻酸浓度分别为10,50,100和200μmol/L)组。各组细胞于不同培养环境中培养48h后收集标本。③实验评估:用酶联免疫吸附试验检测细胞培养上清中细胞间黏附分子1和血管细胞黏附分子1含量,计数法观察粒细胞与内皮细胞的黏附率。结果:高糖组内皮细胞分泌细胞间黏附分子1、血管细胞黏附分子1的量和粒细胞与人脐静脉内皮细胞黏附率较正常对照组增高。经较低浓度(10,50,100μmol/L)α-亚麻酸预处理18h后,细胞上清夜中细胞间黏附分子1、血管细胞黏附分子1的含量及粒细胞-内皮细胞黏附率较高糖组降低(P<0.05),尤以50μmol/L时为显著;以高浓度(200μmol/L)α-亚麻酸预处理,上清液中细胞间黏附分子1、血管细胞黏附分子1的含量和粒细胞黏附率较高糖组进一步增多。结论:高糖环境下,低浓度α-亚麻酸可抑制内皮细胞的炎性反应,发挥血管内皮保护作用;而高浓度的α-亚麻酸进一步加剧炎性反应,加重高糖对内皮细胞的损伤。     

Variation of adhesion molecule expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells upon multiple cytokine application

Background: The crude drug “kaki-yô” is a traditional medicine used in Japan as a hypotensive drug. Methods: The effect of five triterpenoid compounds, isolated from leaves of Diospyros kaki on stimulus-induced superoxide generation and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of protein in human neutrophils was investigated. The five compounds examined were -amyrin (A), uvaol (UV), ursolic acid (UA), 19 -hydroxy ursolic acid (HU) and 19 ,24-dihydroxy ursolic acid (DHU). Results: When the cells were preincubated with these compounds, the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was significantly suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner. These compounds also suppressed the superoxide generation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) in high concentrations. In the case of the superoxide generation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), UA, HU and DHU suppressed the superoxide generation but A and UV gave no effect. When the cells were incubated with fMLP in UA, HU and DHU, fMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation of 45 kDa proteins of the cells was dose-dependently suppressed in parallel to the suppression of fMLP-induced superoxide generation. Conclusions: Triterpenoid compounds suppress stimulus-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation and may have pharmaceutical applications.     

人脐静脉内皮细胞分离鉴定及其膜分子的表达

背景：肿瘤微环境作用于血管内皮细胞,影响其膜表面分子的表达,与肿瘤的生长、转移及免疫逃逸作用相关,但迄今相关机制尚不完全清楚。目的：分析肿瘤微环境下血管内皮细胞的膜表面分子表达量变化。方法：原代分离培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,采用不同肿瘤培养上清,用不同时间进行诱导。记录培养血管内皮细胞形态;利用免疫组织化学方法,鉴别Ⅷ因子相关抗原;荧光实时定量PCR法测定其膜表面分子mRNA表达量。结果与结论：肝癌smmc7721细胞培养上清处理后,内皮细胞抗原提呈会随着时间延长减弱,黏附白细胞能力随着时间延长而变化。胃癌SGC7901细胞培养上清处理后内皮细胞后,抗原提呈能力无明显变化;黏附能力有关分子中,CD31和细胞间黏附分子1表达降低,CD62E表达增高。说明肿瘤微环境可能通过上述黏附分子和抗原提呈分子表达的变化影响血管内皮细胞的相应功能。     

Determination of the effects of mycophenolic acid on the nucleotide pool of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro by high-performance liquid chromatography

Immunosuppressive drugs are needed to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs by the immune system. Immunosuppressive antimetabolites act by interrupting cell metabolism. Their mechanism of action can be studied in vitro by measuring the inhibition of biochemical activities which is reflected by changes in the nucleotide content. In our experiments, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from healthy volunteers were used. After PBMC stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) to mimic activation occurring at a rejection crisis, cells were exposed to varying concentrations of different immunosuppressants (i.e., mycophenolic acid, cyclosporin A and prednisolone) for 68 h at 37 degrees C. Changes in nucleotide content were observed by determining the concentrations of 15 nucleotides using a newly developed HPLC method. The results obtained for mycophenolic acid (MPA; final concentrations in a range between 0.1 and 5 micromol/l), cyclosporin A (CsA; final concentrations between 100 ng/ml and 1 microg/ml) and prednisolone (final concentrations between 0.5 and 10 micromol/l) are given as percentage changes in nucleotide content versus controls and are expressed as mean +/- confidence interval. The possibility of synergistic effects was investigated by incubating the cells with mixtures of all three immunosuppressive drugs varying the amount of mycophenolic acid. In addition, we have shown the effects of MPA/guanosine co-incubation on the intracellular nucleotide levels. Stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with phytohaemagglutinin led to a significant increase of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides versus control values (100%). Pyrimidine (CTP, UDP, UTP) and purine nucleotides (GDP, GTP, ADP, ATP) were elevated up to 153+/-14% and 142+/-17%, respectively. Under co-incubation of cells with MPA, the GTP level decreased in a dose-related manner to 56+/-3% of control at a MPA final concentration of 5 micromol/l. Concomitantly, an increase of UTP values to 203+/-18% versus control was observed under co-incubation with 1 micromol/l MPA. Co-incubation of mononuclear cells with guanosine (50 micromol/l) compensated for the effects of MPA on intracellular GTP levels. Combination of MPA, CsA and prednisolone did not alter intracellular nucleotide profiles of PBMC compared to those under MPA incubation alone. The depletion of the guanine nucleotide pool and concomitant increase of uridine nucleotides under the influence of the immunosuppressive drug mycophenolic acid is caused by its inhibitory effects on the key enzyme of de novo purine biosynthesis, inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH).     

高糖对人脐静脉内皮细胞c-Jun表达影响

目的:观察高糖对人脐静脉内皮细胞c-Jun表达的影响.方法:提取、分离人脐静脉内皮细胞,体外培养至第3代,分别用5.5,11.0,22.0,44.0 mmol/L葡萄糖培养液培养内皮细胞,并设22.0 mmol/L 甘露醇培养液培养者为对照组.以22.0 mmol/L葡萄糖分别作用0,0.5,1.0,2.0 h,应用RT-PCR和免疫细胞化学方法检测c-Jun mRNA和蛋白表达水平.结果:高搪以浓度依赖方式上调人脐静脉内皮细胞c-Jun mRNA的表达,22.0 mmol/L葡萄糖达到最强刺激效应,与5.5 mmol/L 葡萄糖组及对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).22.0 mmol/L葡萄糖刺激0.5 h c-JunmRNA表达升高,刺激1.0 h达高峰,2.0 h开始下降.22.0 mmol/L葡萄糖刺激2 h后,人脐静脉内皮c-Jun蛋白表达增加.结论:高糖可上调人脐静脉内皮细胞c-Jun mRNA和蛋白表达.     

阿托伐他汀钙调节人脐静脉内皮细胞E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1表达的浓度依赖性

目的:观察具有调脂作用的阿托伐他汀钙在不同浓度下对肿瘤坏死因子诱导体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞表达E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1的影响。方法:①实验于2002-05/2003-12在大连医科大学附属第二医院实验室完成。将健康婴儿脐带进行无菌处理,用D-Hank’s液冲洗脐静脉,1g/L胶原酶消化、离心,置于37℃、体积分数0.05CO2培养箱中培养,选择第2,3代细胞作为实验用。②用肿瘤坏死因子40μg/L、不同浓度(0.005～10μmol/L)的阿托伐他汀钙与体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞共同孵育24h后,提取细胞的总RNA,采用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应在mRNA水平进行分析。③用曲线图表示E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1表达在不同浓度阿托伐他汀钙影响下的变化趋势。结果:①在mRNA水平,阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞所表达的E-选择素与细胞黏附分子1均具有浓度依赖性。②阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞表达E-选择素mRNA呈促进作用,即阿托伐他汀钙在0～10μmol/L的浓度区间内,随着其浓度由0,0.005,0.01μmol/L渐升至10μmol/L,E-选择素mRNA的表达呈逐渐升高的趋势。③阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞表达细胞间黏附分子1的影响呈双向性,具有浓度差异性。即随着阿托伐他汀钙浓度由0,0.005,0.01μmol/L升至0.05μmol/L,细胞间黏附分子1mRNA表达呈逐渐下降趋势,而在高浓度(0.05～10μmol/L)区间,随着阿托伐他汀钙浓度0.05,0.1μmol/L渐升至10μmol/L,细胞间黏附分子1mRNA的量呈逐渐升高的趋势。结论:在基因水平,阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导血管内皮细胞黏附分子的表达有着确切的调节作用,且存在着浓度依赖性,并在不同的浓度区间,对不同的黏附分子作用不同。     

阿托伐他汀钙调节人脐静脉内皮细胞E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1表达的浓度依赖性

目的：观察具有调脂作用的阿托伐他汀钙在不同浓度下对肿瘤坏死因子诱导体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞表达E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1的影响。 方法：①实验于2002-05／2003-12在大连医科大学附属第二医院实验室完成。将健康婴儿脐带进行无菌处理，用D-Hank’s液冲洗脐静脉，1g/L胶原酶消化、离心，置于37℃、体积分数0．05 CO2培养箱中培养，选择第2,3代细胞作为实验用。②用肿瘤坏死因子40μg／L、不同浓度（0．005～10μmol／L）的阿托伐他汀钙与体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞共同孵育24h后，提取细胞的总RNA，采用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应在mRNA水平进行分析。③用曲线图表示E-选择素和细胞间黏附分子1表达在不同浓度阿托伐他汀钙影响下的变化趋势。 结果：①在mRNA水平，阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞所表达的E-选择素与细胞黏附分子1均具有浓度依赖性。②阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞表达E-选择素mRNA呈促进作用，即阿托伐他汀钙在0～10μmol／L的浓度区间内，随着其浓度由0，0．005,0．01μmol／L渐升至10μmol／L，E-选择素mRNA的表达呈逐渐升高的趋势。③阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞表达细胞间黏附分子1的影响呈双向性，具有浓度差异性。即随着阿托伐他汀钙浓度由0,0．005,0．01μmol／L升至0．05μmol／L，细胞间黏附分子1 mRNA表达呈逐渐下降趋势，而在高浓度（0．05-10μmol／L）区间，随着阿托伐他汀钙浓度0．05，0．1μmol／L渐升至10μmol／L，细胞间黏附分子1 mRNA的量呈逐渐升高的趋势。 结论：在基因水平，阿托伐他汀钙对肿瘤坏死因子诱导血管内皮细胞黏附分子的表达有着确切的调节作用，且存在着浓度依赖性，并在不同的浓度区间，对不同的黏附分子作用不同。     

西洛他唑对人脐静脉内皮细胞血管细胞黏附分子1和细胞间黏附分子1mRNA表达的影响

目的观察西洛他唑对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）血管细胞黏附分子1（VCAM-1）和细胞间黏附分子1（ICAM-1）mRNA表达的影响,探讨西洛他唑可能的抗动脉粥样硬化作用机制。方法将HUVECs用不同浓度的西洛他唑（0μg/L、0.05μg/L、0.1μg/L、1.0μg/L、10μg/L）溶液处理1小时后,用肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）10μg/L诱导24小时。半定量复合逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测定黏附分子VCAM-1和ICAM-1mRNA的表达。结果 TNF-α能上调VCAM-1和ICAM-1的表达,西洛他唑在一定程度上可抑制上述作用,随着西洛他唑浓度的增加,ICAM-1mRNA表达水平逐步下降,分别为0.239±0.012、0.205±0.012、0.166±0.010、0.136±0.008,VCAM-1mRNA表达水平也逐步下降,分别为0.114±0.048、0.093±0.051、0.083±0.045、0.068±0.039。结论西洛他唑可抑制TNF-α诱导的HUVECs的黏附分子VCAM-1和ICAM-1mRNA表达,提示西洛他唑的抗动脉粥样硬化作用可能是通过阻止血单核细胞向血管内皮细胞聚集和黏附实现的。     

Quantification of the influence of mycophenolic acid on the release of endothelial adhesion molecules

Background: Mycophenolic acid selectively inhibits inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase leading to a shortage of guanosine nucleotides. Since GTP is required for the synthesis of glycoproteins, this immunosuppressive drug also influences the production of several cell adhesion molecules. Method: Soluble endothelial cell adhesion molecules released into cell culture supernatants after an incubation period of 16 h are assessed via a standard ELISA procedure applying test kits for E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Results: Treatment with TNF- leads to the induction of E-selectin and causes a significant increase in VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 content in the supernatant in relation to the level of unstimulated cells. Due to the inhibitory effects of MPA-applied either alone or in combination with cyclosporin A and prednisolone-sE-selectin is significantly reduced and sVCAM-1 is slightly but not significantly decreased, whereas sICAM-1 levels remain unchanged. Conclusions: We demonstrate that the influence of MPA on endothelial cell adhesion molecules can readily be determined via ELISA. The results indicate that the immunosuppression by MPA is also achieved by slightly reducing the expression and consequent release of E-selectin, a pivotal molecule in the first step of leucocyte–endothelial interactions.     

人脐静脉内皮细胞分离培养及鉴定技术

目的探讨人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)体外分离原代培养的方法,并总结对培养的细胞鉴定方法。方法通过胰酶灌注法从人脐带获取内皮细胞进行分离培养,并采用免疫组化法及光镜和透射电镜观察超微结构鉴定所获得的细胞系。结果分离的HUVEC在体外7-10天左右可长成单层,光镜下胞体为单层铺路石状排列。第VⅢ因子相关抗原的检测为阳性。透射电镜下观察培养的内皮细胞胞浆内可见Weibel-Palade小体。结论用胰酶灌注法是获得脐静脉内皮细胞的有效方法。本方法为血管内皮细胞的研究提供了实验模型。     

不同浓度尿酸对体外培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞增殖过程的影响

背景:近年对尿酸特别是其与心血管疾病的研究较多,但多集中在流行病学领域,从细胞学角度探讨尿酸对内皮细胞影响的研究并不多见。目的:观察不同浓度的尿酸对体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞株(ECV304)丙二醛,一氧化氮及3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐的影响。设计:以人脐静脉内皮细胞为观察对象,随机对照实验。单位:解放军第四军医大学西京医院内分泌科。材料:脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304由解放军第四军医大学免疫教研室提供;DMEM低糖培养基,美国Gibco公司生产;胎牛血清,北京元亨圣马生物技术研究所生产;胰蛋白酶,美国Gibco公司生产;3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐,华美公司生产;二甲基亚砜(DM-SO),分析纯,天津博迪化工有限公司生产;尿酸,Sigma公司生产。一氧化氮测试盒,丙二醛测试盒,南京建成公司生产。普通倒置显微镜、酶联免疫检测仪IX70型倒置显微镜,日本Olympus生产;酶联免疫检测仪,华东电子管厂生产。方法:实验于2003-12/2004-04在第四军医大学内分泌科和烧伤科进行。内皮细胞的复苏、培养、传代、接种均参考司徒镇强等主编的《细胞培养》中的方法进行。用无血清DMEM培养24h使细胞同步化于G0/G1期,分4组实验,分别为对照组,低浓度尿酸组,中浓度尿酸组和高浓度尿酸组,每组分为24h,48h和72h3个时间点,每个时间点8个样本。对照组,低浓度尿酸组,中浓度尿酸组和高浓度尿酸组分别加入含有0mmol/L,0.1mmol/L,0.2mmol/L,0.4mmol/L尿酸的5%的血清培养液,然后将培养板放入37℃,体积分数为0.05的CO2孵箱中孵育。在24h后检测丙二醛,一氧化氮及3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐,48h及72h分别再检测3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐。主要观察指标:各组人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖情况及一氧化氮和丙二醛的含量。结果:随尿酸浓度增高,ECV304产生丙二醛的含量逐渐下降,分别为(2.97±0.05),(2.89±0.09),(2.78±0.10),(2.44±0.03)μmol/L。ECV304产生一氧化氮的量分别为(6.86±1.41),(12.5±2.7),(18.9±1.8),(21.1±1.4)μmol/L,ECV304产生一氧化氮的量和3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐吸光度逐渐增加,细胞增殖以48h增加最为明显。结论:尿酸有抗氧化性,可促进血管内皮细胞的增殖及一氧化氮的释放。     

In vitro effects of mycophenolic acid on cell cycle and activation of human lymphocytes

The immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid (MPA) selectively inhibits proliferation of T- and B-lymphocytes by blocking inosine 5′-monophosphate-dehydrogenase (IMPDH), the key enzyme for de-novo-synthesis of guanine nucleotides. In an in vitro study the effects of MPA on human peripheral blood lymphocyte activation markers and on cell cycle characteristics were investigated. Mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were incubated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and increasing doses of MPA. After 72 h incubation an aliquot of the cells was stained with propidium iodide and measured by FACS analyses to assess the DNA shape. In addition, the expression of the activation markers HLA-DR and CD25 on T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry analysis.

PHA stimulation led to a significant increase of the S-phase of cell cycle. PHA stimulation clearly increased mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of HLA-DR expression on B-lymphocytes. PHA stimulation also elevated the number of CD25 positive B-lymphocytes. Expression of HLA-DR on T-lymphocytes was not influenced by PHA, whereas CD25 expression and MFI significantly increased. All the observed PHA induced effects were reduced by co-incubation with increasing doses of MPA. The data presented show that in vitro the immunosuppressive effect of MPA can be demonstrated using FACS technology on a cellular level. MPA leads to an inhibition of cell cycle proliferation in peripheral blood lymphocytes.     

血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞及体外微血管模型的作用

目的:观察血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞及体外微血管模型的抑制作用。方法:实验于2005-01/2006-12在中国医科大学基础医学院实验病理研究室(省部级)完成。①采用改进的Jaffe式培养法体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞。②MTT法检测不同质量浓度(1,2,4,8,16,32mg/L)、不同时间(24,48,72h)血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖的影响。③流式细胞仪检测不同质量浓度(2,4,8,16,32mg/L)的血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞生长周期的影响。④建立肿瘤微血管体外生成模型,培养4,8,12h倒置显微镜观察血管网形成情况;血管网未形成之前加16mg/L血管抑素观察对血管形成的影响;肿瘤微血管体外生成模型经24h培养形成血管网后加16mg/L血管抑素观察对新生血管的影响。结果:①血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖的影响:8,16,32mg/L血管抑素能明显抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长(P<0.01),血管抑素作用于人脐静脉内皮细胞24,48,72h后细胞明显受抑制(P<0.01),这种作用具有剂量-时间依赖性。②血管抑素对人脐静脉内皮细胞生长周期的影响:血管抑素作用于人脐静脉内皮细胞后能诱导细胞凋亡。③血管抑素对体外血管模型的影响:光镜下血管抑素可抑制新生血管的形成,且能破坏新生的血管网。结论:血管抑素可能抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖,从而破坏新生血管形成,抑制肿瘤的生长和转移。     

相对分子质量透明质酸在脐静脉内皮细胞增殖及连接蛋白Ezrin磷酸化表达中的作用研究

目的探讨高相对分子质量透明质酸(nHA)和低相对分子质量透明质酸(oHA)对脐静脉内皮细胞增殖能力及膜-细胞骨架连接蛋白埃兹(Ezrin)表达的影响。方法分别用nHA和oHA处理人脐静脉内皮细胞,以5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(Brdu)酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测透明质酸(HA)作用后细胞增殖能力;用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹试验(Western blot)检测HA对Ezrin mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果与对照组相比,72 h后oHA(10μg/mL)显著促进血管内皮细胞增殖(P<0.001),24 h后促进Ezrin基因的表达,48 h后促进Ezrin蛋白磷酸化表达。而nHA(200μg/mL)则抑制血管内皮细胞的增殖(P<0.01)和Ezrin蛋白的表达磷酸化。结论oHA能有效促进血管内皮的增殖并促进其胞内连接蛋白Ezrin的表达磷酸化,nHA则抑制内皮细胞的增殖和Ezrin蛋白的表达。     

相对分子质量透明质酸在脐静脉内皮细胞增殖及连接蛋白Ezrin磷酸化表达中的作用研究

目的探讨高相对分子质量透明质酸（nHA）和低相对分子质量透明质酸（oHA）对脐静脉内皮细胞增殖能力及膜-细胞骨架连接蛋白埃兹（Ezrin）表达的影响。方法分别用nHA和oHA处理人脐静脉内皮细胞,以5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（Brdu）酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测透明质酸（HA）作用后细胞增殖能力;用荧光实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）和蛋白免疫印迹试验（Western blot）检测HA对Ezrin mRNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果与对照组相比,72 h后oHA（10μg/mL）显著促进血管内皮细胞增殖（P〈0.001）,24 h后促进Ezrin基因的表达,48 h后促进Ezrin蛋白磷酸化表达。而nHA（200μg/mL）则抑制血管内皮细胞的增殖（P〈0.01）和Ezrin蛋白的表达磷酸化。结论oHA能有效促进血管内皮的增殖并促进其胞内连接蛋白Ezrin的表达磷酸化,nHA则抑制内皮细胞的增殖和Ezrin蛋白的表达。     

Toxicity of sitosterol to human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro.

The pathogenesis of the early development of atherosclerosis in sitosterolaemia is unknown. The effect of sitosterol on vascular endothelial cells in vitro was investigated by culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells in the presence of up to 0.7 mmol l-1 of sitosterol. Liposomes were used to supply the high sterol concentrations. Exposure to 0.7 mmol l-1 of sitosterol for 72 h caused contraction of the endothelial cells and increased release of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase. After 96 h incubation the cells were partly detached from the substrate. At this time-point 0.35 mmol l-1 of sitosterol also caused perturbation of the endothelial cells. However, we could not confirm previous reports that tissue plasminogen activator production was enhanced by sitosterol.     

Direct effects of fascaplysin on human umbilical vein endothelial cells attributing the anti-angiogenesis activity

Novel anti-angiogenesis activity of fascaplysin via VEGF blockage was recently revealed by our previous study in addition to the reported cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) selective inhibition. To uncover more details of this pharmacologically prospective property, this study further investigated whether fascaplysin had direct anti-proliferation effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which might be contributing to anti-angiogenesis. The results showed that G1 cell cycle arrest was induced by 2.6 μM fascaplysin in a time-dependent manner, and exhibited more sensitive than hepatocarcinoma cells BeL-7402 and Hela cells. Approximately 56.09 ± 2.63% of the cells were arrested at the G1 phase after 24 h, and 64.94 ± 2.07% after 36 h, comparing to the 22.82 ± 1.2% in methanol treated cells. Apoptosis of HUVEC cells was induced by 1.3 μM fascaplysin and indicated by the sub-G1, Hoechst staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP-mediated nicked end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and annexin-V and propidium (PI) label. This apoptosis response was further confirmed by the detection of active caspase-3 and by western blotting using antibodies against Bax, Bcl-2, procaspase-8, and Bid, indicating that apoptosis in HUVEC cells may involve a mitochondria pathway, by the demonstration of an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Together, our results suggest that the anti-angiogenesis activity of fascaplysin is through the direct effects of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on HUVEC.     

人脐静脉内皮细胞黏附分子1表达与活血中药对单核-血管内皮细胞黏附性能的干预

目的:观察活血注射液对氧化型低密度脂蛋白损伤人脐静脉内皮细胞后血管细胞黏附分子1的表达及与人单核细胞黏附的影响,探讨中药复方制剂防治动脉粥样硬化的作用机制。方法:实验于2004-03/12在北京中医药大学东直门医院中医内科学教育部重点实验室完成。①实验材料:活血注射液由丹参、川芎、红花、赤芍组成,比例为丹参2,其余药物为1,含生药2000g/L。新生儿脐带(由中日友好医院妇产科提供,产妇及其家属知情同意,实验符合赫尔辛基宣言中的伦理学标准)。②实验过程:以培养人脐静脉内皮细胞作为靶细胞,在内皮细胞培养基中加入氧化型低密度脂蛋白制备细胞损伤模型。③实验评估:采用蛋白定量法检测人脐静脉内皮细胞与单核细胞的黏附率[将人脐静脉内皮细胞,用M199培养液(对照组)和含不同浓度(10,20,40ml/L)的活血注射液、氧化型低密度脂蛋白等实验因子的培养液(实验组)温育12,24h,再加含单核细胞的M199培养液];反转录聚合酶链反应检测人脐静脉内皮细胞的血管细胞黏附分子1的mRNA表达;用流式细胞仪测定人脐静脉内皮细胞的血管细胞黏附分子1的蛋白表达[(将人脐静脉内皮细胞,分为对照组、氧化型低密度脂蛋白组与氧化型低密度脂蛋白 活血注射液(终浓度分别为10,20,40ml/L)组,分别作用12,24h)。结果:①人单核细胞与人脐静脉内皮细胞的黏附率在氧化型低密度脂蛋白作用12,24h后升高,均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),不同剂量活血注射液可明显抑制人单核细胞与人脐静脉内皮细胞的黏附率,与氧化型低密度脂蛋白组相比差异均有显着性(P<0.01),这种作用随着剂量的增加而增强。②氧化型低密度脂蛋白能明显上调人脐静脉内皮细胞的血管细胞黏附分子1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,而不同剂量活血注射液能显著下调血管细胞黏附分子1的mRNA和蛋白的表达水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),与氧化型低密度脂蛋白组相比差异均有显着性(P<0.05,P<0.01),这种作用随着剂量的增加而增强。结论:氧化型低密度脂蛋白促进内皮细胞的血管细胞黏附分子1表达,活血注射液能通过下调血管细胞黏附分子1的表达抑制单核-血管内皮细胞黏附,保护人内皮细胞免受氧化型低密度脂蛋白所致毒性损伤,从而减少或抑制动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

内皮脂酶对人脐静脉内皮细胞黏附分子表达的影响

目的研究人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）表达黏附分子与内皮脂酶（EL）的关系，以及EL对内皮细胞黏附分子表达的影响。方法以肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）10μg／L刺激HUVECs，采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）检测细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、血管内皮黏附分子-1（VCAM-1）和E-选择素的mRNA表达变化，以50μg／L的抗EL抗体进行预处理，再检测黏附分子mRNA表达的变化。利用凝胶成像系统拍照、分析、计算黏附分子产物相对含量。结果TNF-α作用于HUVECs后，黏附分子ICAM-1、VCAM-1和E-选择素的mRNA表达均增高，与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）；该作用可被50μg／L的抗EL抗体所拮抗（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论EL参与了内皮细胞黏附分子表达的调控，推测它可能通过影响内皮细胞黏附分子表达而参与动脉粥样硬化的病理生理过程。