High-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for advanced testicular cancer

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) for the treatment of patients with advanced testicular cancer. METHODS: Fourteen patients were treated with high-dose carboplatin, etoposide and cyclophosphamide (with or without THP-adriamycin) followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The treatment was used for two refractory cases, a second relapse, and for consolidation after the first relapse in one case each. It was also used for nine cases as part of the first-line treatment following primary conventional-dose chemotherapy, and for one case as the first salvage for a late recurrent tumor of teratoma with malignant transformation. RESULTS: The first two patients who received intensive pretreatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy did not respond to HDCT. The two patients who were treated with HDCT as the first or second salvage therapy achieved successful outcomes. The results for the subsequent nine patients (consisting of two with stage IIIC, five with IIIB2, one with IIB, and one extragonadal seminoma) were two progressive disease, three no change and four partial remission. Only three are alive with NED following salvage surgery. Finally, a case of teratoma with malignant transformation did not respond well to two cycles of HDCT. There were no marked adverse reactions except one episode of severe neutropenic colitis. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated the limited efficacy of HDCT even in cases with a good to intermediate risk rating according to classification by the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group. Because treatment for relapse after HDCT is extremely difficult, new HDCT regimens consisting of drugs that are not used in induction chemotherapy need to be established.     

First-line high-dose chemotherapy combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for patients with advanced extragonadal germ cell tumors

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for patients with advanced extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCT). METHODS: Six male patients with advanced non-seminomatous EGGCT were treated with HDCT combined with PBSCT following 2-3 cycles of conventional-dose induction chemotherapy. The regimens used for HDCT were carboplatin, etoposide and ifosfamide (ICE) in five patients and ICE plus paclitaxel (T-ICE) in one patient, and that for induction therapy was cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin (PEB) in all patients. As a rule, HDCT was continuously administered until alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin normalized (beta-HCG). RESULTS: Following 1-6 courses of HDCT (median, 4 courses), beta-HCG and AFP were normalized in all patients, and five and one patient were diagnosed as showing partial remission and stable disease, respectively. Five patients underwent surgical resection of residual tumors after HDCT, yielding necrotic tissue in two, mature teratoma in two, and viable cancer tissue in one, and the surgical margin was negative in all patients. At a median follow-up of 36 months, five patients were alive and disease-free, whereas the remaining one died of disease progression. Although all patients had grade 3 hematological toxicity, there was no treatment-related death by combining PBSCT. CONCLUSIONS: First-line HDCT with PBSCT could be safely administered to patients with advanced EGGCT, and the antitumor effect of this treatment was comparatively favorable. First-line HDCT therefore may represent an attractive option for patients with advanced EGGCT.     

Long-term results of first-line sequential high-dose carboplatin, etoposide and ifosfamide chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell support for patients with advanced testicular germ cell tumor

OBJECTIVE: Standard chemotherapy shows relatively low long-term survival in patients with poor-risk testicular germ cell tumor (GCT). First-line high-dose chemotherapy (HD-CT) may improve the result. High-dose carboplatin, etoposide, ifosfamide chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) was investigated as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced testicular GCT. METHODS: Fifty-five previously untreated testicular GCT patients with Indiana 'advanced disease' criteria received three cycles of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) followed by one cycle of HD-CT plus PBSCT, if elevated serum tumor markers were observed after three cycles of the BEP regimen. RESULTS: Thirty patients were treated with BEP alone, because the tumor marker(s) declined to normal range. Twenty-five patients received BEP and HD-CT. One patient died of rhabdomyolysis due to HD-CT. Three and six (13% and 25%) out of 24 patients treated with BEP and HD-CT achieved marker-negative and marker-positive partial responses, respectively. The other patients achieved no change. Fifteen (63%) are alive and 14 (58%) are free of disease at a median follow-up time of 54 months. Severe toxicity included treatment-related death (4%). CONCLUSIONS: HD-CT with peripheral stem cell support can be successfully applied in a multicenter setting. HD-CT demonstrated modest anticancer activity for Japanese patients with advanced testicular GCT and was well tolerated. This regimen might be examined for further investigation in randomized trials in first-line chemotherapy for patients with poor-risk testicular GCT.     

High-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for advanced testicular cancer

Between June 1998 and August 2000, five patients with germ cell tumor were treated with high-dose CEI: carboplatin (1,250 mg/m2), etoposide (1,500 mg/m2), and ifosfamide (7.5 g/m2), followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) at Yokohama City University Hospital. All patients were classified into either poor risk group of International Germ Cell Consensus Classification or advanced extent of Indiana University stage, and received one cycle of high-dose CEI after 4-6 cycles of standard PEB (cisplatin, bleomycin, vinblastin) therapy. Three of the patients achieved complete response, one achieved partial response and one achieved no change after whole treatment. There were no fatal complications and no treatment-related deaths.     

High-dose chemotherapy for male germ cell tumor

Today, 20-30% of male patients with advanced germ cell tumor (GCT) do not have durable, complete remission in spite of cis-platinum (CDDP)-based chemotherapy. High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) has been tried in CDDP refractory GCT patients. Initially HDCT was performed with autologous bone marrow transplantation in heavily treated patients. However, the clinical outcome was not good and the treatment-related death rate was not ignorable. Therefore, earlier introduction of HDCT with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was preferable as it renders HDCT more effective and less toxic, and multicycle HDCT is feasible. The durable free rate of recent HDCT for refractory GCT patients is 32-65%. HDCT is also performed as first line chemotherapy for poor prognosis GCT patients. Induction chemotherapy followed by multicycles of HDCT was tried. The durable free rate of recent HDCT as first line chemotherapy is 43-73%. Although previous reports suggest the superiority of HDCT, one recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) failed to show an improvement with one cycle of HDCT followed by three cycles of standard-dose chemotherapy (SDCT) compared with four cycles of SDCT. Ongoing RCT comparing multicycles of HDCT with SDCT for poor prognostic GCT patients will clarify the role of HDCT. Recently, new regimens of HDCT containing paclitaxel have been devised. In this review, the history, current status and future of HDCT for advanced or refractory GCT will be discussed.     

High dose chemotherapy including paclitaxel (T-ICE) combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for male germ cell tumor. Preliminary report

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of high dose chemotherapy including paclitaxel (T-ICE) combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for male germ cell tumor. METHODS: Five male patients with advanced germ cell tumor underwent 1-6 courses of high dose chemotherapy including paclitaxel (T-ICE; 175 mg/m2 of paclitaxel, 1250 mg/m2 of carboplatin, 1500 mg/m2 of etoposide and 7.5 g/m2 of ifosfamide) with PBSCT after 2-3 courses of induction chemotherapy (PEB or VIP). RESULTS: In all patients, serum marker levels decreased to within the normal range by T-ICE. Two patients underwent resection of residual tumor. In one patient, viable cancer cells were detected in resected lymph node tissue and adjuvant chemotherapy was then performed. Although the follow-up period was short (7-15.5 months), four of the five patients (80%) showed no evidence of recurrent disease. No significant differences in side-effects were noted between T-ICE and conventional high dose ICE, which was previously performed in 39 patients at the Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. CONCLUSIONS: High dose chemotherapy, including T-ICE, combined with PBSCT showed an almost identical degree of side-effects as seen in previous high dose chemotherapy without paclitaxel. Although 80% of the patients showed no evidence of disease so far, the efficacy of T-ICE should be evaluated with more patients and longer follow up.     

Collection of peripheral blood stem cells with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor alone in testicular cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: High-dose chemotherapy with the transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) has been performed for the treatment of advanced testicular cancer patients. Recently, it has been reported that, in healthy donors, a large quantity of stem cells can be transferred to peripheral blood using granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) alone. Therefore, it was decided to try to harvest PBSC from three patients having testicular cancers with G-CSF alone. METHODS: The three patients with testicular cancer were 26, 56 and 62-years-old. They had undergone five, two and three cycles of chemotherapy, respectively, but no radiation therapy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was subcutaneously injected (250 microg) into each patient twice per day for 6 days. Peripheral blood stem cells were harvested for 3 days (days 4-6) and mononuclear cells (MNC), CD34-positive cells and colony-forming units of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) in PBSC collected by apheresis were measured. RESULTS: Apheresis showed that the total MNC count was 20.2 x 10(8)/kg (range, 10.6-25.9 x 10(8)/kg), the CD34-positive cell count was 0.98 x 10(6)/kg (range, 0.75-1.4 x 10(6)/kg) and the total CFU-GM count was 1.36 x 10(5)/kg (range, 0.25-3.0 x 10(5)/kg). CONCLUSION: After mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells with G-CSF alone, sufficient amounts of MNC were obtained from testicular cancer patients who had undergone chemotherapy several times. However, sufficient amounts of CD34-positive cells and CFU-GM could not be obtained. These results suggested that the G-CSF dose was not adequate for harvesting sufficient amounts of CD34-positive cells and CFU-GM.     

Treatment for Advanced Testicular Cancer with High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

Background This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy and safety of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) for the treatment of patients with advanced testicular cancer.
Methods Seven patients were treated with high-dose carboplatin, etoposide, and ifosfamide followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation. One patient received 1 cycle, 4 patients received 2 cycles, and 2 patients received 3 cycles of HDC. We performed a total of 15 autologous blood stem cell transplantations: 8 with autologous bone marrow; 6 with peripheral blood stem cells; and 1 with peripheral blood stem cells in addition to autologous bone marrow.
Results Four of the 7 patients achieved a pathologic complete response via early use of HDC and additional salvage surgery. All 4 patients are still alive without evidence of disease at 12, 30, 33, and 54 months, respectively. One patient is alive with active disease at 35 months. Two patients refractory to conventional chemotherapy died of progressive disease at 5 and 27 months, respectively. The hematologic recovery after HDC was rapid, and peripheral blood stem cells tended to have shorter hematologic recovery compared with those from autologous bone marrow, although the difference was not significant. Nonhematologic toxicity was usually mild and manageable.
Conclusion High-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation, may be safe and effective for patients with advanced testicular cancer, particularly when early use of HDC is conducted for chemotherapy-sensitive patients. A further large, long-term, follow-up study will be needed to define the role of HDC.     

造血干细胞移植

20世纪50年代初期造血干细胞移植兴起,随着医学科技发展,大剂量化疗（预处理）＋造血干细胞移植为各种晚期肿瘤和癌症治疗提供了有力的支持,目前对造血干细胞的来源、种类、采集、活性测定,异基因造血干细胞的配型、动员剂的效果、骨髓中癌细胞污染的处理、移植后并发症的诊治、疾病观察指标、临床适应证和治疗效果的评估等等都逐渐规范化,且有很多治疗成功病例的报告。     

A case of Sweet''s syndrome following septic pulmonary emboli after high-dose chemotherapy for advanced testicular cancer

A 33-year-old man with advanced testicular cancer underwent high-dose chemotherapy combined with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. After administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), multiple infiltrative erythema was identified on the face, thigh, and lower leg. A dermatologist diagnosed this as Sweet's syndrome caused by G-CSF; consequently G-CSF administration was stopped. When the skin lesions had improved, phlebitis was found at the injection site of the peripheral vein catheter. The patient then suffered from sudden left chest pain and dyspnea. Chest computed tomography showed the characteristic findings of septic pulmonary emboli (SPE). He was treated by the administration of vancomycin, fluconazole, and pazufloxacin mesilate. Although Sweet's syndrome and SPE are rare diseases, the presence of these diseases must be considered when performing chemotherapy for urological malignancy.     

异基因外周血干细胞移植治疗骨髓增生异常综合征8例临床分析

观察异基因外周血干细胞移植(allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation,allo-PBSCT)治疗骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS)的疗效.方法 对2007年5月至2012年1月在中山大学附属第三医院血液科住院的8例MDS患者采用allo-PBSCT治疗.其中男2例,女6例,年龄18 ~ 50岁(中位年龄31岁).按世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)MDS分型标准(2008年)分类,难治性细胞减少伴多系增生异常(refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia,RCMD)占2例,难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多(refractory anemia with excess blasts,RAEB)-1占1例,RAEB-2占3例,MDS进展为急性髓系白血病(MDS-AML)占2例.供者经粒细胞集落刺激因子(granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,G-CSF)5 ~10 μg/(kg·d)动员5d后,分1~2d采集外周血造血干细胞.受者输入外周血单个核细胞(5.8~11.6)×108/kg(中位数7.7×108/kg).受者预处理方案为BuCy方案6例,改良BuCy方案2例,非亲缘供者联合使用抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG).予环孢素加短疗程甲氨蝶呤方案预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD).结果 8例患者中有6例移植后造血重建,中性粒细胞≥0.5×109/L和血小板≥20×109/L的时间分别为移植后9~15d(中位数12d)及11~42 d(中位数13d);4例患者发生急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD),其中I度1例,Ⅱ度2例,Ⅳ度1例;存活超过l00d的6例患者发生局限型慢性移植物抗宿主病3例.随访时间为2.6~56.9个月(中位数27.0个月),2例患者移植后100 d内死亡,其余患者均无病存活.以Kaplan-Meier法估算,患者总体生存率及无病生存率均为(75.0±15.3)%,生存期为(43.4±8.3)个月.结论 外周血干细胞移植是治疗年轻MDS患者的有效方法.     

Higher dose of CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells is associated with better survival after haploidentical stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients

Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (SCT) is increasingly used to treat pediatric patients with malignant or nonmalignant hematological disorders. The CD34+ dose of bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) has been shown to be an important determinant of the transplant outcome in adults under various preparative regimens. However, knowledge of the effect of the CD34+ dose in pediatric haploidentical SCT is limited. We analyzed the data of 348 pediatric patients (aged 2‐18 years) with acute or chronic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and other hematological disorders that received a transplant between 2002 and 2012. The results of multivariate analysis showed that PBSC CD34+ counts greater than 1.01 × 10⁶ kg^?1 improved platelet engraftment, improved overall survival, and reduced nonrelapse mortality. In contrast, a higher PBSC CD34+ dose did not affect the incidence of acute or chronic graft‐versus‐host disease, including engraftment syndrome. These data suggest that a PBSC CD34+ dose greater than 1.01 × 10⁶ kg^?1 is optimal for pediatric haploidentical SCT.     

髓芯减压及自体外周血干细胞移植治疗成人早期股骨头坏死的临床观察

目的探讨联合应用髓芯减压、人工可诱导骨基质及自体外周血干细胞移植治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法 2006年1月至2008年7月联合应用髓芯减压、人工可诱导骨基质及自体外周血干细胞移植治疗12例（16髋）早期股骨头坏死患者,男9例,女3例;年龄32～55岁,平均45岁。左侧10例,右侧6例,其中双侧4例。Ficat分期：Ⅰ期5髋,Ⅱ期8髋,Ⅲ期3髋。术前疼痛评分平均为（17.44±5.60）分,Harris髋关节评分平均为（64.2±6.8）分,患者MRI低信号区所占股骨头体积的百分比术前为（39.50±7.33）%。术后及随访期间进行疼痛评分和Harris髋关节评分,对X线片、CT及MR检查结果进行评估。结果全部获得随访,随访时间12～16个月,Harris髋关节术后评分明显升高至平均（90.2±4.6）分。患者疼痛症状显著改善,髋关节屈伸和内外旋转功能明显恢复,MR示术后股骨头坏死区域比术前明显缩小,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。患者满意度评价：优6髋,良8髋,可1髋,差1髋,优良率为87%。结论联合应用髋关节髓芯减压、人工可诱导骨基质及自体外周血干细胞移植治疗早期股骨头坏死,可显著减轻关节疼痛,明显恢复关节功能,延缓病情发展,具有较好的临床疗效。     

Nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for advanced testicular cancer after chemotherapy

BACKGROUND: Nerve-sparing techniques are commonly used in retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with early stage testicular germ cell tumors to preserve postoperative ejaculation. The indications for nerve-sparing procedures have been extended to patients who have residual retroperitoneal tumor postchemotherapy with an increase in the incidence of local recurrence. Here, we report on 26 Japanese men with advanced testicular cancer who underwent nerve-sparing RPLND after partially successful chemotherapy. METHODS: Between January 1995 and December 2000, 26 patients with metastatic or recurrent testicular cancer underwent nerve-sparing RPLND after chemotherapy. Eight patients had seminoma and 18 had non-seminoma. Three patients received high-dose chemotherapy with carboplatin (250 mg/m2 per day x 5 days), etoposide (300 mg/m2 per day x 5 days) and ifosfamide (1.5 g/m2 per day x 5 days) in combination with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. RESULTS: In all cases, lumbar splanchnic nerves were preserved macroscopically during the operation, at least unilaterally. Twenty-two patients (84.6%) achieved antegrade ejaculation during a mean follow-up at 3.9 months (range: 1-7 months). Three patients have fathered children. Only one patient suffered a retroperitoneal recurrence during a median follow-up at 25.8 months (range: 6-76 months). CONCLUSION: Nerve-sparing procedures for RPLND are appropriate for patients with metastatic testicular cancer, even after chemotherapy. The procedure preserves ejaculatory function in the majority of the patients without increasing the risk of local recurrence. Nerve-sparing RPLND improves the quality of life in patients who require postchemotherapy RPLND to treat residual tumor.     

Long-term follow-up of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from mismatched related and unrelated donors

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is best performed with an HLA-identical sibling donor (matched related donor, MRD) to reduce the risk of early complications such as acute graft-vs.-host disease (aGvHD). However, as only about 30% of recipients have an MRD for this potentially curative approach, the use of family donors with one or two mismatches in the HLA-antigens (mismatch related donor, MMRD) or fully matched unrelated donors (MUD) ('alternative donors') has been introduced in the allogeneic SCT setting in recent years. To evaluate the feasibility of allogeneic SCT from alternative donors by using peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) we initiated a prospective, phase II study in 1996. From April 1996 to July 1998, 18 patients with various hematological malignancies underwent allogeneic SCT from alternative donors (two patients with MUD and 16 patients with MMRD). All patients received stable engraftment and none of the patients had graft rejection. The rate of aGvHD (grades II-IV) and the relapse rate at last follow-up (seven to nine yr after SCT) were with 40% and 24%, respectively, comparable with those found in patients receiving allogeneic SCT from MRD. However, five yr after allogeneic SCT only 17% were alive, which was mainly due to the treatment-related mortality (TRM) rate of 59%. We conclude that allogeneic PBSC transplantation by using alternative donors is associated with an unsatisfying long-term TRM rate. The significance of TRM and particular late deaths has to be evaluated further in this transplantation setting.     

Hepatitis B virus vaccination of recipients and donors of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to determine the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination as defined by the seroconversion to hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) positivity in peripheral blood stem cell transplants. Methods: A total of 65 recipients and their donors were enrolled in this study. Recipients were divided into four distinct groups. Group 1 consisted of individuals who were vaccinated, group 2 consisted of individuals who were naturally immunized, group 3 consisted of individuals who were HBs‐Ag positive, and group 4 consisted of individuals who were HBV naïve and not vaccinated. Results: Eighty‐eight percent of the HBV‐vaccinated recipients (14 of 16), who had vaccinated‐donors, seroconverted to anti‐HBs positivity. Eighty‐three percent of HBV‐naïve recipients (five of six), who received stem cells from HBV‐immune donors, seroconverted to anti‐HBs positivity. Two of the four HBs‐Ag positive recipients with HBV‐immune donors seroconverted to anti‐HBs positivity after transplantation. Fifty‐seven percent of previously vaccinated‐recipients (eight of 14) lost detectable anti‐HBs antibody following transplantation. Finally, 31% of HBV‐naïve recipients with HBV‐naïve donors acquired a de novo HBV infection. Conclusions: (i) Hepatitis B virus immunization of recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation results in an effective antibody response. (ii) The HBV‐immune status of the donor plays an important role in post‐transplantation HBs‐Ab on seroconversion. (iii) Systematic re‐immunization of recipients will be necessary to maintain HBV immunity in long‐term serving recipients.     

应用自体外周血干细胞移植治疗IgE型多发性骨髓瘤1例

目的探讨自体外周血干细胞移植对IgE型多发性骨髓瘤的疗效。方法盐酸多柔比星脂质体+长春新碱+地塞米松联合沙立度胺方案化疗后采用自体外周血干细胞移植治疗1例IgE型多发性骨髓瘤患者。结果治疗结束后患者临床症状完全缓解,骨髓缓解,血清IgE水平恢复正常,从确诊至今已存活41个月,移植后存活24个月,情况良好。结论自体外周血干细胞移植可改善IgE型多发性骨髓瘤患者的预后。     

亲缘单倍体相合外周血造血干细胞移植治疗重症再生障碍性贫血

【摘要】目的探讨改良白消安／环磷酰胺＋抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（Bu／Cy＋ATG）预处理方案在亲缘单倍体造血干细胞移植治疗重症再生障碍性贫血（SAA）临床应用中的有效性和安全性。方法回顾分析河北唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司医院血液肿瘤科自2009年10月至2011年5月间采用亲缘单倍体外周血干细胞移植治疗的3例SAA患者资料。供者均为母亲,1例HLA3／6位点相合,2例HLA4／6位点相合。预处理方案均为改良Bu／Cy＋ATG,具体为白消安0．8m∥kg,每天4次,连用2d;环磷酰胺50mg·kg-1·d-1,连用4d;抗胸腺细胞球蛋白2．5mg·kg-1·d-1,连用4d。环孢素＋短程甲氨蝶呤＋吗替麦考酚酯预防排斥反应。结果3例患者均达完全供者植入,2例合并Ⅱ-Ⅲ度急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）,1例患者合并局限型慢性GVHD。3例患者均发生血CMV感染,经抗病毒治疗均得以控制。随访5～25个月,3例患者至今均无病存活。结论初步经验Bu／Cy＋ATG预处理方案经改良用于亲缘单倍体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗SAA安全、有效。     

异基因外周造血干细胞移植治疗极重度骨髓型急性放射病一例

目的探讨异基因外周血造血干细胞移植治疗极重度骨髓型急性放射病的效果，积累临床经验。方法1例患者意外受60^Co照射，受照射剂量为9～15Gy，诊断为极重度骨髓型急性放射病，在受照射后第4天患者开始接受预处理，3d后进行了HLA全相合的异基因外周造血干细胞移植。移植后采用环孢素A和霉酚酸酯预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）。结果造血功能于移植后第9天开始恢复，第11天WBC升至14．74×10^9L，随后降至正常范围，血小板升至50×10^9／L，Hb在80g／L以上。经短串联重复序列聚合酶链反应及血型动态检测，证实供者细胞稳定植入，原有染色体畸变和微核均消失，血型于移植后第27天完全转变为供者型。患者未发生GVHD，但放射性损伤持续加重，并发多重感染，于移植后第68天（受照射后第75天）死于多脏器功能衰竭。结论极重度骨髓型急性放射病可以通过异基因造血干细胞移植恢复造血功能，为患者存活创造机会，但仅有造血功能恢复，而未能解决好放射线对全身组织的损伤及免疫功能重建，患者仍难长期存活。     

自体外周血干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足的疗效及其与CD34~+水平关系的研究

[目的]探讨自体外周血干细胞移植最佳动员方案及采集时机,同时观察自体外周血干细胞治疗糖尿病足的临床疗效。[方法]对2006年7月～2012年12月本科治疗的73例糖尿病足患者分别采用粒细胞集落刺激因子5、10μg/(kg.d)进行造血干细胞动员,分析粒细胞集落刺激因子动员天数、剂量与外周血白细胞、单个核细胞、CD34+细胞数的关系,在干细胞达到高峰时应用血细胞分离机分离出干细胞混悬液约50 ml,沿病变闭塞血管干走行区域注射。[结果]随着动员天数的增加,白细胞和单个核细胞、CD34+细胞数也随之增加,干细胞获得的效率与粒细胞集落刺激因子的剂量、动员时间有关,外周血中CD34+总数与单个核细胞总数呈正相关。患者注射后早期局部皮温明显升高,创面渗血增多,创面肉芽生长明显增快。患者在疼痛、间歇性跛行距离、踝肱指数(ABI)等方面的指标均有明显改善,4～6周复查DSA(数字减影血管造影)发现下肢闭塞血管有明显的侧支循环建立。[结论]自体外周血干细胞移植后患者有明显的侧支循环建立,局部血运改善,利于溃疡愈合,从而避免了截肢或最大限度降低了截肢平面。糖尿病足患者干细胞采集的最佳时机不能单凭动员天数和外周血白细胞数决定,而是由外周血单个核细胞数和CD34+的数量来决定。