锶磷灰石涂层钛种植体骨结合的动物实验

目的 观察微弧氧化锶磷灰石(strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite,Sr-HA)涂层钛种植体的成骨活性,探讨锶元素掺入羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite,HA)涂层后对骨结合的影响.方法 分别对实验组(Sr-HA涂层种植体)和对照组(HA涂层种植体)的表面形貌进行扫描电镜观察,并采用X线衍射仪分析膜层相组成.将两组种植体各12枚植入新西兰兔双侧股骨髁下外侧、胫骨结节处,术后对实验动物进行多荧光序列标记,饲养4周和12周取材,采用组织学观察、种植-骨界面线扫描分析评价涂层的骨结合能力.结果 种植体微弧氧化膜层均呈现多级孔洞状结构;X射线衍射分析显示,锶元素的掺入引起HA的衍射峰向小角度方向偏移,晶格间距增大,稳定性下降;多荧光序列标记显示,Sr-HA涂层早期即表现出成骨活性,实验组骨矿化沉积率[(4.75±0.46)μm/d]显著高于对照组[(3.21±0.44)μm/d];组织染色及能谱分析显示,骨种植界面上有生物类骨磷灰石层形成,12周时该磷灰石层转化为成熟的骨组织并与涂层形成紧密的骨结合.结论 锶元素的掺入可提高Sr-HA涂层的生物学活性,加速其表面生物类骨磷灰石层的形成,增强膜层的成骨能力,促进膜层与骨组织的结合.     

锶磷灰石在即刻种植骨缺损修复中应用的动物实验研究

目的:研究5%锶磷灰石(strontium substituted hydroxyapatite,Sr-HAP)在即刻种植时对骨缺损修复的生物学特性。方法:将6只犬随机分3组,拔除其下颌左右侧第2、4前磨牙,在其近中根牙槽窝处制备种植床,即刻植入种植体,同时在种植体远中颈部牙槽骨处造成3mm×3mm×5mm大小的骨缺损(右侧为实验组,左侧为对照组),实验组骨缺损处填入5%的锶磷灰石,对照组骨缺损处不放置任何材料。分别于术后1、2、3个月各处死2只犬,行大体观察、X线片、光镜观察。结果:动物对锶磷灰石几乎不产生炎症和排斥反应。术后1个月,X线片显示植入材料呈阻射影,有新骨生成,但骨质密度较低;光镜下可见种植体颈部远中加锶磷灰石处,材料颗粒稍有降解,降解处被紫色的新生骨所占据,颗粒内可见新生骨基质,种植体周围未见炎性细胞浸润。术后3个月,X线片显示种植体周围骨质密度更高,实验侧牙槽嵴顶比对照侧高而丰满;光镜下可见植入材料颗粒已基本和新生骨融合在一起,材料颗粒已降解得很小,被大量紫蓝色的新生骨所包绕。结论:5%的锶磷灰石具有良好的组织相容性、骨引导性及生物降解性;5%锶磷灰石在早期对于引导新生骨生成及维持骨量有一定的作用,是骨缺损,尤其是即刻种植时骨缺损修复的较好生物材料。     

水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石生物涂层的体内及体外实 …

目的：对水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石生物涂层材料的细胞相容性及动物体内植入体与骨界面的状况进行研究。方法：水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石涂层,采用细胞培养和动物实验评估涂层材料的生物相容性。结果：成骨细胞在涂层材料表面具有良好的细胞增殖率,碱性磷酸酶活性逐渐增加。植入动物体内１月后即有骨组织与涂层材料结合,３月后骨结合量增加。涂层材料在体风稳定,未见溶解脱落。结论：水热合成法制备的羟基磷灰石生物涂层材料具有     

纳米羟基磷灰石修复种植体周围骨缺损的实验研究

目的:探讨纳米羟基磷灰石材料在种植修复中的作用.方法:将纳米羟基磷灰石植入钛种植体周围的骨缺损区,观察种植体与骨界面的结合形式和程度.结果:纳米羟基磷灰石修复钛种植体骨缺损处实现良好的骨结合.结论:纳米羟基磷灰石材料的使用在实现钛种植体与周围健康骨组织的骨结合过程中起着重要的作用.     

新型骨替代材料羟基聚磷酸钙钠的组织学实验研究

羟基聚磷酸钙钠是一种新型无机高分子材料,它具有与骨组织进行能量与物质交换的能力,骨于骨组织缺损的修复。目的：考察ＨＰＡ植入骨组织后其界面形成情况。方法采用鼠胫骨内植入ＨＰＡ,光镜下考究其组织反应情况,并与羟基磷灰石和钛合金引起的组织反应相比较。结果：发现不同种类的生物材料直接影响界面区早期的组织反应,ＨＰＡ比产早地引起了新骨形成,结论ＨＰＡ一种理想的骨组织替代材料。     

羟磷灰石材料动物体内植入实验研究

目的：探讨羟磷灰石材料的生物相容性和骨结合性,方法按照ＩＳＯ标准推荐的方法进行了最长植入时间达１０４周的动物体内种植研究。结果羟磷灰石材料具有良好的生物相容性,能促进骨组织的修复,并能与骨组织形成骨性结合,结论羟磷灰石材料是一种较理想的植入材料。     

锶离子修饰骨组织工程支架材料的研究现状

羟基磷灰石等无机材料是应用广泛的骨组织工程支架材料,通过离子掺杂对无机支架材料进行改性,是增强其成骨诱导性能的一种重要方法.近年来的研究证明,锶离子有益于骨形成且无毒性作用.本文主要总结骨组织工程中锶离子修饰支架材料的研究现状,分析存在的问题和进一步的应用前景.     

牙种植术中几种骨量不足的处理

本文应用冻干骨粉、羟基磷灰石、可吸收骨诱导膜等植骨材料，和磁固位附着种植体处理牙种植术中牙槽骨骨量不足。通过对临床２７例患者的治疗，结果：１３例使用植骨材料，诱导骨组织再生，增加了牙槽骨宽度和高度，种植体植入后稳定，均健康存在。１４例患者采用磁性固位附着种植体，制作全口覆盖义齿。种植体生长良好，义齿的支持，固体，咀嚼功能恢复较好，取得了满意的效果。     

锆羟基磷灰石陶瓷骨内种植界面的扫描电镜观察

种植休植入颌骨后,它与骨组织的结合形式,主要决定于材料的性质。换言之,是该材料与组织间的细胞学、化学、生理学和机械力学反应的最直接的结果。其次是受植入手术的影响,以及种植体的组织反应。目前一些学者认为:种植体和骨界面的结合形式以骨性接合最好,即活体组织和种植体表面是直接的化学结合或物理结合。锆羟基磷灰石陶瓷的化学成份与骨组织的无机成份类似,是目前最有潜力的种植材料之一。本文应用本研究组研制的羟基磷灰石陶瓷植入狗的颌骨后,分期取样,用扫描电镜观察了种植体骨界面的形态变化,并对有关问题作了讨论。     

锶磷灰石修复颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的以不同含锶量的锶磷灰石(Sr-HAP)植入动物体内,进行各项生物学测试,为该材料的临床实际应用作前期研究.方法将24只新西兰大白兔分为3组,双侧下颌角均造成约6mm×12mm×4mm的缺损,用10%、5%、0%的Sr-HAP分别予以修复,于1、3、6个月时随机处死一组分别进行尸解、光镜、扫描电镜、四环素荧光标记、定量组织学观察.结果锶磷灰石人工骨植入后无感染和排斥反应,术后材料的部分降解早,有部分诱导成骨现象,5%和10%的锶磷灰石成骨量与纯羟基磷灰石(0%)比较在统计学上有差异,而5%与10%的锶磷灰石成骨量统计学上差异无显著性.结论①锶磷灰石有良好的组织相容性、骨引导性及生物降解性,并可能具有一定程度的骨诱导性,锶的存在提高了新骨的总生成量,延长了新骨生成的总体时间和高峰期.②锶磷灰石具有良好的生物降解率和合适的生物降解速率,能获得较满意的骨缺损修复效果.     

锶磷灰石修复下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的　用不同浓度的锶磷灰石 (Sr-HAP)植入动物体内 ,观察该材料的生物学反应 ,为其临床应用作前期研究。方法　将 2 4只新西兰大白兔分为 3组 ,双侧下颌角均造成 6mm× 12mm× 4mm的缺损 ,用不同浓度 ( 10 % ,5 % ,0 % )的含锶羟磷灰石块分别予以修复 ,术后 1月 ,3月 ,6月时随机处死一组分别进行尸解、四环素荧光标记、定量组织学观察以评估其生物性能。结果　锶磷灰石复合人工骨未引起感染和排斥反应 ,术后材料降解早 ,新生骨大量进入材料间隙 ,其成骨量明显较纯羟基磷灰石为多 ,且统计学上有差异 ,5 %的锶磷灰石烧结体内新生骨成熟度较 10 %者为高 ,但统计学上未显示出成骨量的差异 ,术后 3月时锶磷灰石周边出现强而亮的黄色荧光环 ,术后 6月时荧光环仍未消退。结论　 ( 1)锶磷灰石有良好的组织相容性、骨引导性及生物降解性 ,并具有一定程度的骨诱导性。 ( 2 )锶元素浓度并非是影响总成骨量的关键因素 ,总成骨量可能主要与生物降解的程度大小有关。 ( 3)锶的存在不但提高了新骨的总生成量 ,而且延长了新骨生成的总体时间和高峰期     

Results of fibrin clot application for acceleration of regeneration of the damaged mandible in experiment

The processes of regeneration of the damaged rat bottom jaw bone after application of enriched thrombocytes a fibrin clot were studied by morphological and radiovisiographic methods. At a natural course of regeneration the artificial aperture of bone was filled with blood and there the blood clot was formed. After 1 week the separate bone islets of a young tissue occurred in bone defect. In 2-3 weeks the aperture in a bottom jaw bone was completely closed by a young bone tissue. After operation with filling of bone bottom jaw defect by fibrin clot there was no formation of a blood clot. Already after 1 week the bone tissue defect was filled by the merged islets of again generated bone. By second week after fibrin use the further formation of bone tissue in defect and formation of a bone callosity was noted.     

引导牙周再生膜修复动物牙周骨缺损组织学观察及临床研究

目的　观察人工合成组织再生膜修复动物牙周骨缺损的组织学变化及临床疗效。方法　用 10只大白兔建立牙周骨缺损模型 ,植入人工合成再生膜材料 ,2个月后处死 ,标本行组织学观察 ;临床选择 12例牙周骨缺损病例 ,进行引导组织再生术 (GTR) ,观察疗效。结果　兔牙周骨缺损内新生骨组织形成 ,光镜下见大量的骨母细胞、骨基质和骨胶原 ;临床病例有效率达 91.6 7%。结论　人工合成组织再生膜材料有良好的生物相容性 ,且对牙周骨缺损修复有促进作用。     

Preparation of prefabricated vascularized bone graft with neoangiogenesis by combination of autologous tissue and biodegradable materials

Prefabricated vascularized bone grafts have previously been prepared by combining an autologous vessel bundle with auto-particulate cancellous bone and marrow (PCBM) and a biodegradable membrane. Only small quantities of low-density vascularized bone tissue have been formed using this method. The authors of the present study combined beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), a biodegradable ceramic, with a prefabricated vascularized bone graft to augment osteogenesis. A saphenous vessel bundle from a rat was wrapped in a biodegradable membrane. Then, autologous PCBM was mixed with beta-TCP granules and packed into the rolled membrane. In the control group, beta-TCP was omitted. Bone formation was histologically assessed 6 and 9 weeks after implantation. The volume of newly formed bone tissue in the rolled membrane was greater in the presence of beta-TCP granules than in the control. Microvessels had formed throughout the new bone tissue. When a prefabricated vascularized bone graft was onlay-grafted to the femur of the same rat, the prefabricated vascularized bone graft directly fused to the cortical surface of the femur, with no intervening fibrous tissue. These findings suggest that beta-TCP in combination with PCBM enhances the volume and density of bone tissue in prefabricated vascularized bone grafts.     

转化生长因子β1诱导鼠牙槽骨缺损 修复的实验研究

OBJECTIVE: To study the induction of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-beta 1) in reparative process of mouse experimental alveolar bone defect. METHODS: Alveolar bone defect were made in 20 mice at 1/1 region. In twelve mice (experimental group), the defect was filled with gelatin sponge infiltrated by TGF-beta 1 solution; in eight mice (control group), the defect was filled with gelatin sponge. The peripheral tissue coating alveolar bone defect was harvested for histopathologic study after 1 week, 2 weeks and 1 month, 3 months. RESULTS: The main histopathologic changes were: 1. experimental group: inflammatory cell infiltration (1W); inflammatory cell disappearance, fibroblast and capillary tachyauxesis, osteoid tissue and small amount neoformative bone tissue appearance (2 W); fibrous tissue decrease, neoformative bone tissue enlarging and maturity(1-3 M). 2. Control group; inflammatory cell infiltration (1W); inflammatory cell disappearance, fibroblast and capillary tachyauxesis (2W); osteoblast appearance around bone defect (1M); small amount neoformative bone tissue around bone defect. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta 1 can induce alveolar bone regeneration.     

Histomorphometrical Analysis following Augmentation of Infected Extraction Sites Exhibiting Severe Bone Loss and Primarily Closed by Intrasocket Reactive Soft Tissue

Background: Intrasocket reactive soft tissue can be used for primary closure during augmentation of infected extraction sites exhibiting severe bone loss prior to implant placement. The present study evaluated the histological characteristics of the initially used intrasocket reactive soft tissue, the overlying soft tissue, and the histomorphometry of the newly formed bone during implant placement. Materials and Methods: Thirty‐six consecutive patients (43 sites) were included in the study. Extraction sites demonstrating extensive bone loss on preoperative periapical and panoramic radiographs served as inclusion criteria. Forty‐three implants were inserted after a healing period of 6 months. Porous bovine xenograft bone mineral was used as a single bone substitute. The intrasocket reactive soft tissue was sutured over the grafting material to seal the coronal portion of the socket. Biopsies of the intrasocket reactive soft tissue at augmentation, healed mucosa, and bone cores at implant placement were retrieved and evaluated. Results: The intrasocket reactive soft tissue demonstrated features compatible with granulation tissue and long junctional epithelium. The mucosal samples at implant placement demonstrated histopathological characteristics of keratinized mucosa with no residual elements of granulation tissue. Histomorphometrically, the mean composition of the bone cores was – vital bone 40 ± 19% (13.7–74.8%); bone substitute 25.7 ± 13% (0.6–51%); connective tissue 34.3 ± 15% (13.8–71.9%). Conclusions: Intrasocket reactive soft tissue used for primary closure following ridge augmentation is composed of granulation tissue and long junctional epithelium. At implant placement, clinical and histological results demonstrate its replacement by keratinized gingiva. The histomorphometrical results reveal considerable bone formation. Fresh extraction sites of hopeless teeth demonstrating chronic infection and severe bone loss may be grafted simultaneously with their removal.     

正畸支抗用"图钉"样钛合金表面种植体的研制及实验研究

目的:研制一种新的“图钉”样钛合金表面种植体,并且检测其与骨组织的结合情况。方法:新的表面钛种植体,直径8.0 mm,最大厚度2.0 mm,形态犹如“图钉”。在3只成年新西兰兔两侧上颌骨内植入“图钉”样钛合金表面种植体,共6个,45 d后,安装上部结构,30 d后照X线片。使用生物力学测力仪,测量将表面种植体去除的最小剪切力。同时作组织学切片,观察种植体周围骨组织的变化。结果:6个种植体均固位良好。去除种植体需要的平均剪切力37.1 N(23.5 N~46.8 N)。组织学切片显示骨与种植体接触面有新骨形成,同时新骨沿种植体表面生长,覆盖部分种植体表面,覆盖的骨组织都是新生骨。结论:“图钉”样钛合金表面种植体与兔上颌骨结合良好,可以提供较为理想的正畸支抗。     

组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的:探讨以兔骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)为种子细胞、纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原(nHAC)为支架材料、兔自体富血小板血浆(PRP)为生长因子,构建组织工程骨修复兔下颌骨缺损能力。方法:兔下颌骨体部15mm×15mm全层骨缺损分别采取:A组,组织工程骨;B组,自体髂骨;C组,单纯nHAC材料;D组,对照组修复。术后1、3、6个月行放射性核素骨检测、骨密度测定及组织学观察。结果:放射性核素骨检测:术后1、3个月,A、B组成骨代谢能力明显优于C、D组,术后6个月时,各组之间骨代谢能力无明显差异;骨密度测定:A、B、C组骨缺损区域骨密度逐渐增加明显高于D组,术后3个月A组、B组骨密度较C组明显提高;组织学检查:A组术后1个月可见小片状类骨质出现,nHAC开始降解,术后3个月时新生骨成大片状结构,术后6个月nHAC几乎全部降解,缺损由骨组织修复,其成骨量与B组无明显差异却明显大于C组,D组仅为纤维组织修复。结论:本实验构建的组织工程骨修复颌骨缺损能力与自体髂骨相似而强于单独使用nHAC,且nHAC材料于体内可完全降解,因此BMSCs与nHAC及自体PRP复合所构建的组织工程骨是一种良好的骨缺损替代材料。