共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Purpose/Background:
Hamstring injuries are common at all levels of sport, however recurrence rates are disproportionate compared to other soft tissue injuries. Age and previous injury are supported in the literature as risk factors for hamstring injury; nonetheless, debate exists regarding modifiable risk factors. Restoration of peak torque length using lengthening eccentrics and core stability interventions appear to reduce incidence of re‐injury. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to review examination techniques and rehabilitation considerations in order to identify important risk factors to reduce recurrence after hamstring strain and total rupture.Discussion/Relation to Clinical Practice:
Novel clinical examination techniques both at time of acute injury and prior to return to sport may provide valuable prognostic information. Restoration of core stability, neuromuscular control and lengthening eccentric hamstring interventions are proposed key components to reduce hamstring re‐injury.Levels of Evidence:
Level 5 相似文献4.
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Margaret Kedia Michael Williams Lisa Jain Marie Barron Nick Bird Brian Blackwell David R. Richardson Susan Ishikawa G. Andrew Murphy 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(4):488-497
Study Design:
Single‐blind, randomized, clinical trial.Background:
The effect of eccentric training for mid‐portion Achilles tendinopathy is well documented; however, its effect on insertional Achilles tendinopathy is inconclusive. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eccentric training on pain and function for individuals with insertional Achilles tendinopathy.Methods:
All patients received a 12‐week conventional strengthening protocol. Patients who were randomly assigned to the experimental group received additional eccentric exercises. Patients completed the Short Form‐36 Health and Bodily Pain Surveys, the Foot and Ankle Outcomes Questionnaire, and the Visual Analog Scale at initial evaluation, after 6 weeks of therapy, and at 12 weeks after therapy.Results:
Thirty‐six patients (20 control and 16 experimental; average age 54 years; 72% women) completed the study. Both groups experienced statistically significant decreases in pain and improvements in function. No statistically significant differences were noted between the groups for any of the outcome measures.Conclusion:
Conventional physical therapy consisting of gastrocnemius, soleus and hamstring stretches, ice massage on the Achilles tendon, and use of heel lifts and night splints with or without eccentric training is effective for treating insertional Achilles tendinopathy.Level of Evidence:
Level 2 相似文献7.
Neal R. Glaviano William T. Langston Joseph M. Hart Susan Saliba 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(7):915-923
Background:
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation is a common intervention to address muscle weakness, however presents with many limitations such as fatigue, muscle damage, and patient discomfort that may influence its effectiveness. One novel form of electrical stimulation purported to improve neuromuscular re‐education is Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation (PENS), which is proposed to mimic muscle‐firing patterns of healthy individuals. PENS provides patterned stimulating to the agonist muscle, antagonist muscle and then agonist muscle again in an effort to replicate firing patterns.Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a single PENS treatment on knee extension torque and quadriceps activation in individuals with quadriceps inhibition.Methods:
18 subjects (10 males and 8 females: 24.2±3.4 years, 175.3±11.8cm, 81.8±12.4kg) with a history of knee injury/pain participated in this double‐blinded randomized controlled laboratory trial. Participants demonstrated quadriceps inhibition with a central activation ratio of ≤90%. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the quadriceps and central activation ratio were measured before and after treatment. The treatment intervention was a 15‐minute patterned electrical stimulation applied to the quadriceps and hamstring muscles with a strong motor contraction or a sham group, who received an identical set up as the PENS group, but received a 1mA subsensory stimulation. A 2×2 (group × time) ANCOVA was used to determine differences in maximal voluntary isometric contraction and central activation ratio between groups. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction was selected as a covariate due to baseline differences.Results:
There were no differences in change scores between pre‐ and post‐intervention for maximal voluntary isometric contraction: (PENS: 0.09±0.32Nm/kg and Sham 0.15±0.18Nm/kg, p=0.713), or central activation ratio:(PENS: ‐1.22±6.06 and Sham: 1.48±3.7, p=0.270).Conclusions:
A single Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation treatment did not alter quadriceps central activation ratio or maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Unlike other types of muscle stimulation, PENS did not result in a reduction of quadriceps torque.Level of Evidence:
Level III 相似文献8.
Aaron Horschig Stephen P. Sayers Tom LaFontaine Scott Scheussler 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2012,7(6):663-671
Background:
Complete rupture of the distal tendon of the biceps brachii is relatively rare and there is little information to guide therapists in rehabilitation after this injury. The purposes of this case report are to review the rehabilitation concepts used for treating such an injury, and discuss how to modify exercises during rehabilitation based on patient progression while adhering to physician recommended guidelines and standard treatment protocols.Case Presentation:
The patient was an active 38‐year old male experienced in weight‐training. He presented with a surgically repaired right distal biceps tendon following an accident on a trampoline adapted with a bungee suspension harness. The intervention focused on restoring range of motion and strengthening of the supporting muscles of the upper extremity without placing undue stress on the biceps brachii.Outcomes:
The patient was able to progress from a moderate restriction in ROM to full AROM two weeks ahead of the physician''s post‐operative orders and initiate a re‐strengthening protocol by the eighth week of rehabilitation. At the eighth post‐operative week the patient reported no deficits in functional abilities throughout his normal daily activities with his affected upper extremity.Discussion:
The results of this case report strengthen current knowledge regarding physical therapy treatment for a distal biceps tendon repair while at the same time providing new insights for future protocol considerations in active individuals. Most current protocols do not advocate aggressive stretching, AROM, or strengthening of a surgically repaired biceps tendon early in the rehabilitation process due to the fear of a re‐rupture. In the opinion of the authors, if full AROM can be achieved before the 6th week of rehabilitation, initiating a slow transition into light strengthening of the biceps brachii may be possible.Level of evidence:
4‐Single Case report 相似文献9.
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Matthew Mills Barnett Frank Shiho Goto Troy Blackburn Samantha Cates Michael Clark Alain Aguilar Nicole Fava Darin Padua 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(7):946-954
Background
Hip flexor tightness is theorized to alter antagonist muscle function through reciprocal inhibition and synergistic dominance mechanisms. Synergistic dominance may result in altered movement patterns and increased risk of lower extremity injury.Hypothesis/Purpose
To compare hip extensor muscle activation, internal hip and knee extension moments during double‐leg squatting, and gluteus maximus strength in those with and without clinically restricted hip flexor muscle length.Design
Causal‐comparative cross‐sectional laboratory study.Method
Using a modified Thomas Test, female soccer athletes were assigned to a restricted (>0 ° of sagittal plane hip motion above the horizontal; n=20, age=19.9 ± 1 years, ht=167.1 ± 6.4 cm, mass=64.7 ± 8.2kg) or normal (>15 ° of sagittal plane hip motion below horizontal; n=20, age=19.4 ± 1 years, ht=167.2 ± 5.5 cm, mass=61.2 ± 8.6 kg) hip flexor muscle length group. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity of the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris, and net internal hip and knee extension moments were measured between groups during a double‐leg squat. Isometric gluteus maximus strength was assessed using handheld dynamometry.Results
Individuals with restricted hip flexor muscle length demonstrated less gluteus maximus activation (p=0.008) and a lower gluteus maximus : biceps femoris co‐activation ratio (p=0.004). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in hip or knee extension moments, isometric gluteus maximus strength, or biceps femoris activation between groups.Conclusions
Female soccer athletes with hip flexor muscle tightness exhibit less gluteus maximus activation and lower gluteus maximus : biceps femoris co‐activation while producing similar net hip and knee extension moments. Thus, individuals with hip flexor muscle tightness appear to utilize different neuromuscular strategies to control lower extremity motion.Level of Evidence
3 相似文献12.
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Kevin Laudner Robert Lynall Jeffrey G. Williams Regan Wong Takashi Onuki Keith Meister 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2013,8(6):777-783
Introduction/Background:
Optimal baseball throwing mechanics require a significant contribution of thoracolumbar motion, particularly in the sagittal and transverse planes. This motion is key for proper transmission of forces from the lower to upper extremity, thereby minimizing a throwing athlete''s risk of injury and maximizing athletic performance.Purpose:
To define the active‐assisted thoracolumbar ROM of both baseball pitchers and position players and to compare these motions both within and between groups.Methods:
Fifty‐six asymptomatic, collegiate and minor league baseball pitchers and 42 position players volunteered to participate. Active‐assisted thoracolumbar flexion, extension, and bilateral rotation ROM, were measured in a standing position, using two bubble inclinometers. Two‐tailed t tests were used to determine differences in ROM between and within the pitchers and position players.Results:
The pitchers had significantly more rotation to the non‐throwing arm side as compared to the position players (p = .007, effect size = .61). The pitchers also had more rotation to the non‐throwing arm side as compared to their throwing side (p = .006, effect size = .47). There were no other significant differences between the pitchers and the position players (p > .53). Furthermore, the position players did not have a side‐to‐side rotation difference (p = .99).Conclusions:
Pitchers have a greater amount of rotation ROM towards the non‐throwing arm side as compared to position players. Pitchers also have a greater amount of rotation ROM to the non‐throwing arm side as compared to their throwing side rotation. Because pitchers often present with posterior shoulder tightness and subsequent altered shoulder horizontal adduction and internal rotation ROM, the increase in non‐throwing side rotation ROM may occur in response to these adaptations. More specifically, this increase in non‐throwing side trunk rotation ROM may allow such athletes to bring the arm across the body during the follow‐through phase of the throwing motion despite posterior shoulder tightness. However, future research is necessary to investigate this relationship. Based on these results, clinicians should consider these thoracolumbar ROM adaptations in the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of baseball players.Level of Evidence:
2b 相似文献16.
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Matheus Oliveira de Almeida Luiz Carlos Hespanhol Alexandre Dias Lopes 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2015,10(7):1026-1034