冠心病、高血压患者生活满意度与心理健康水平相关研究

目的：探讨老年冠心病、高血压患者的生活满意度和心理健康水平。方法：运用生活质量调查表和症状自评量表（SCL－90）测量患者的生活满意度及心理健康水平，并进行相关分析。结果：老年冠心病，高血压患者的生活满意度较低，与SCL－90各因了分呈负相关。结论：老年冠心病，高血压患者的生活满意度明显低于健康老年人，躯体疾病，经济收入，医疗保健对心理健康水平有明显的影响。     

老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康状况调查

目的了解老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康状况，为临床护理提供科学依据。方法应用症状评定量表（SCL-90）和自行设计的家属一般情况调查表（包括家属的姓名、性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭经济状况、与患者的关系、患者的病情）对128名老年脑卒中住院患者家属（简称调查组）进行调查，并与常模组进行对照。结果老年脑卒中患者家属SCL-90各项评定指标（除外偏执、精神病性）其余均高于常模，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其心理健康受多种因素的影响。结论老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康水平明显低于常模。因此护士做好病人护理的同时，还要重视家属的心理护理，提高生活质量。     

老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康状况调查

目的了解老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康状况,为临床护理提供科学依据。方法应用症状评定量表(SCL-90)和自行设计的家属一般情况调查表(包括家属的姓名、性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭经济状况、与患者的关系、患者的病情)对128名老年脑卒中住院患者家属(简称调查组)进行调查,并与常模组进行对照。结果老年脑卒中患者家属SCL-90各项评定指标(除外偏执、精神病性)其余均高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其心理健康受多种因素的影响。结论老年脑卒中患者家属的心理健康水平明显低于常模。因此护士做好病人护理的同时,还要重视家属的心理护理,提高生活质量。     

心理恢复疗法在老年肠梗阻护理干预中的应用效果

目的探究心理恢复疗法对老年肠梗阻患者的临床效果。方法选取2014年2月~2016年4月我院收治的79例老年肠梗阻患者作为研究对象,采取双盲法分两组,对照组39例,采取常规治疗加常规护理;观察组40例,在对照组基础上采用心理恢复疗法,比较两组症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生活质量综合评定(GQOL-74)评分及护理满意度情况。结果与干预前比较,两组护理干预后的患者SCL-90中部分因子评分改善明显,差异显著(P0.05);干预后观察组患者SCL-90部分因子评分、GQOL-74评分均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组护理满意度为97.5%,对照组护理满意度为82.05%,两组差异显著,存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采取心理恢复疗法,可有助于改善老年肠梗阻患者的精神心理状态,并且有助于提升患者的生活质量和护理满意度。     

个性化心理护理对老年脑梗死患者心理状态的影响

目的 探究脑梗死患者开展个性化心理护理对其情绪、心理方面的影响。方法 遴选2020年3月～2021年3月76例老年脑梗死患者,以随机数字表法,分为2组—对照组和观察组（均为38例）。观察组开展个性化心理护理,对照组接受常规护理。对比护理干预效果：负性情绪[汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA）评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton depression scale,HAMD）评分）、心理健康状态（SCL-90评分）、治疗依从性和护理满意度。结果 两组干预前SAS、SDS评分,SCL-90各维度评分对比无明显差异（P>0.05）,干预后观察组SAS、SDS评分更低（P<0.05）;观察组SCL-90在躯体化、强迫、人际关系、敌意、恐怖、偏执、精神病性评分均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。较对照组研究结果,观察组治疗依从性更高（92.11%vs73.68%）,同时观察组护理满意度更高（94.74%vs76.32%）,差异有统计学意义。结论 针对老年脑梗死患者开展个性化心理护理,有利于提高患者预后,消除焦虑、抑郁,提高心理健康水平,增强...     

心理社会因素对功能性消化不良的影响

目的：探讨功能性消化不良患者个性心理特征、情感表达能力、生活事件及心理健康水平。方法：采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、多伦多述情障碍量表、生活事件量表(LES)、90项症状清单(SCL-90)对56例功能性消化不良患者进行对照研究。结果：功能性消化不良患者个性内倾，情绪不稳定，神经质明显，掩饰性高，存在述情障碍。病前1年内接受负性生活事件频度和生活事件总值均较对照组高。心理健康水平较对照组低。结论：个性心理特征、情感表达能力、病前生活事件与功能性消化不良发病相关，患者普遍存在抑郁情绪和疑病倾向。     

不育患者心理健康状况调查

目的：探讨不育患者心理健康状况。方法：采用90项症状清单(SCL-90)对15例男性不育患者和31例女性不育患者进行心理健康评价，并与全国常模进行比较。结果：与正常群体进行比较，SCL-90各项指标均是不育患者得分增高，大多数项目有统计显著性。结论：不育患者存在明显的心理问题，有必要对患者进行心理干预。     

颅脑损伤后综合征患者的心理健康状况及其影响因素

目的探讨颅脑损伤后综合征（PCS）的心理健康水平以及影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）测定50例PCS患者的个性特征及心理健康水平；并对年龄、性别、个性特征、文化程度、职业满意度、家庭满意度、病程长短对PCS患者的心理健康影响进行分析。结果PCS患者的个性特征与正常人无差异（P〉0．05），但心理健康水平比中国人常模差（P〈0．01）；职业及家庭满意度差、妇性、个性神经质、个性精神质、个性内向倾向以及文化程度低与PCS患者的心理健康水平呈相关性（P〈0．05）。结论PCS忠者有着不良的心理障碍；其心理障碍与职业满意度、家庭满意度、神经质、精神质、内外向、性别及文化程度有相关性。     

偏头痛患者的心理健康水平及其影响因素

目的探讨偏头痛患者的心理健康水平及其影响因素.方法采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)测定50例偏头痛患者的个性特征及心理健康水平;同时分析了性别、年龄、个性特征、职业满意度、家庭满意度、文化程度、病程长短对偏头痛患者的心理健康的影响.结果偏头痛患者的个性特征与正常人无差异(P>0.05);偏头痛患者的心理健康水平普遍比中国人常模差(P<0.01);家庭满意度差与职业满意度差引起的负性刺激、女性、个性神经质、个性精神质、个性内向倾向以及文化程度低与偏头痛患者的心理健康水平呈相关性(P<0.05).结论偏头痛患者存在不良的心理健康水平;其不良心理健康水平与职业满意度、家庭满意度、性别、文化程度、精神质、神经质、内外向有相关性.     

肺结核病患者心理治疗前后SCL-90对照分析

目的 研究肺结核病患者心理健康状况及心理治疗的临床效果.方法 采用统一的指导语,运用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对130例肺结核患者和70例健康志愿者进行调查;然后对130例肺结核患者进行心理治疗（为期1个月的心理治疗）,第二次进行SCL-90调查.结果 肺结核患者SCL-90阳性项目数明显高于健康志愿组,差异有非常显著性;进行心理治疗后肺结核患者SCL-90阳性项目数明显减少,差异有非常显著性.结论 心理治疗对肺结核患者心理健康水平的提高是有效的,值得临床推广使用.     

Fibrous xanthomas and xanthosarcomas of the meninges and the brain

Summary Three cases of intracranial fibrous xanthomas and a case of multicentric cerebral xanthosarcoma are reported. All three fibrous xanthomas developed in the temporal area of boys in their early teens, one was within the leptomeninges (without dural attachment), the other two involved meninges and the superficial portions of the temporal lobe itself. These tumors were characterized by mono- and multinucleated cells with morphological features of histiocytes, Touton type giant cells and a storiform pattern in areas of spindleshaped tumor cells.Because of cellular atypism, giant cells and mitotic figures such tumors may suggest the diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme but the absence of glial fibers, negative Cajal impregnation, presence of reticulin fibers in close proximity to tumor cells and the morphological similarity to the bizarre cells found in atypical xanthofibromas of the skin and soft tissues help to establish the diagnosis. Since the menigeal forms are probably derived from local meningeal mesenchyme, occasional abortive whorls and pseudopsammoma bodies may be encountered, the overall picture, however, is very different from meningiomas. Two patients had a 2.5 and a 12 year long symptomfree survival, respectively. The third boy had a local recurrence 14 months after initial removal which was excised and the patient is presently doing well.The xanthosarcoma first developed in the right frontal lobe of a 26 year old woman. This tumor was almost exclusively made up of various sized anaplastic cells filled with birefringent lipids. It is suggested that this tumor which had a diffuse network of reticulin, had originated from primitive adventitial cells. It was histologically more malignant than the first three and the patient died within a year after removal of the frontal lobe tumor, from a second mass in the cerebellum. The relationship of this tumor to glioblastomas and to other types of giant cell sarcomas is discussed.This paper was presented in part at the 6th International Congress of Neuropathology in Paris, France, on August 31, 1970.     

Investigating the construct validity of the SPAI-C: comparing the sensitivity and specificity of the SPAI-C and the SAS-A

Investigates the construct validity of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C) by comparing its sensitivity and specificity with another self-report measure of social anxiety, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A). Participants were 252 adolescents (124 males and 128 females) 13-17 years old. Adolescents completed the SPAI-C and the SAS-A and were interviewed using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Child Version (ADIS-IV:C). Parents were also interviewed and composite diagnoses were formed. Youth were classified as socially phobic or non-anxious based on these composite diagnoses. By comparing clinical cutoff scores with diagnostic group classification, the sensitivity and the specificity of the SPAI-C and SAS-A were compared. Results indicated that the SPAI-C was a more sensitive measure than the SAS-A (61.5% vs. 43.6%) providing evidence of the scale's construct validity. The two measures were similar with regard to specificity (82.7% for both). Implications of these results for assessment and research are discussed.     

Alzheimer's disease and the pivotal role of the hypothalamus and the intrinsic opioid system

Although the "cholinergic hypothesis" of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease has received great attention during the past years, it has recently come under increasing criticism specifically owing to failure of therapeutic endeavors based on this premise. As the potential broad role of the intrinsic opioids in the neurochemical modulation of diverse brain functions emerges, the realization that these data may be reconciled to a unifying hypothesis underlying the nature of some chronic dementing diseases (including Alzheimer's disease, Korsakoff disease and Parkinson's disease) occurs. Certain specific characteristics of the known pathologic changes and neurotransmitter deficits of Alzheimer's disease may be explained based on an early vulnerability of the hypothalamus combined with derangements of endorphinergic functions which follow. The latter may be implicated in the subsequent degeneration of structures receiving projections from the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. This is based on the known role of endorphins in the modulation of central neurotransmitters and specifically acetylcholine activity. In addition, the reciprocal neuroendocrine and neuroimmunologic interactions mediated through the hypothalamus, may be of further importance in the evolution of Alzheimer's disease.