血清高敏C反应蛋白与脑梗死相关性初步研究

目的 探讨高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与脑梗死(cerebral infarction,CI)的关系.方法 采用乳胶凝集比浊法测定112例CI急性期和恢复期患者血清hs-CRP.结果 急性期CI血清的hs-CRP显著高于对照组和恢复期CI(P均＜0.01),恢复期CI血清hs-CRP与正常对照比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 血清hs-CRP可作为急性CI病情发展变化重要指标之一,hs-CRP可能参与急性CI发生发展过程.     

进展性脑梗死患者血清C-反应蛋白、S-100β蛋白水平变化及意义

目的探讨进展性脑梗死(PCI)患者血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)与S-100β蛋白(S-100β)水平的变化及意义。方法100例急性脑梗死(ACI)患者根据发病后7 d内神经功能缺损量表评分(SSS)的变化分为PCI组(38例)和非PCI(NPCI)组(62例)。检测两组发病后第1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d血清CRP与S-100β的水平,并与健康对照组比较。结果与NPCI组比较,PCI组发病后各时间点血清CRP及S-100β水平明显升高(均P<0.01);与健康对照组比较,NPCI组血CRP与S-100β水平在发病第1~7 d明显增高(均P<0.01),14 d恢复正常水平。ACI组血清S-100β与CRP水平呈正相关(r=0.856,P<0.01);PCI组发病第1 d血清CRP和S-100β水平与分别第7 d SSS正相关(r1=0.695,r2=0.731;均P<0.05)。结论ACI患者发病早期血清CRP及S-100β水平增高与其病情及PCI的发生相关。     

急性脑卒中与血清N末端B型利钠肽相关性的研究

目的 探讨急性脑卒中患者的血清N末端B型利钠肽 (NT-pro BNP)的变化,评价血清NT-pro BNP测定的临床意义.方法 74例患者分别为急性脑梗死 (CI) (42例)和急性脑出血 (ICH)组 (32例),根据入院时NIHSS评分分为轻度、中度和重度3个亚组,采用ECLIA法检测发病48 h内 (急性期)及发病第21天 (亚急性期)的血清NT-pro BNP水平,与健康对照组进行比较,比较急性期与亚急性期间、各亚组间的血清NT-pro BNP水平差异.结果 CI组和ICH组急性期血清NT-pro BNP显著高于对照组 (P<0.01),并在亚急性期显著下降(P<0.01);各亚组间急性期血清NT-pro BNP水平均有显著统计学差异 (P<0.01).结论 急性期脑卒中患者急性期血清NT-pro BNP水平与病情程度相关.     

血清超敏C-反应蛋白水平及 CRP 1059G/C基因多态性与脑梗死的相关性

目的 探讨超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平及CRP 1059 G/C基因多态性与脑梗死(CI)的相关性.方法 采用多聚酶链式反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测105例CI患者和121名对照者CRP 1059G/C基因型和等位基因频率;应用免疫透射比浊法测定血清hs-CRP水平.分析CI患者病情与血清hs-CRP水平及CRP 1059G/C基因型的关系.结果 CI组CRP 1059G/G 基因型和G等位基因频率显著高于对照组,G/C+C/C 基因型和C等位基因显著低于对照组(均P<0.05);CRP 1059G/G、G/C、C/C基因型血清hs-CRP水平依次降低;重度CI患者血清hs-CRP水平显著高于轻、中度组(均P<0.05),但CRP 1059G/C 基因型和等位基因频率与CI病情无关.回归分析显示血清hs-CRP水平是CI的危险因素之一;G/C+C/C基因型与降低CI的发病相关.结论 CRP 1059G/C基因型与血清hs-CRP水平相关;血清hs-CRP水平与CI病情相关;CRP 1059 基因中C等位基因可能是汉族CI的保护因素.     

急性脑梗死患者血浆纤维蛋白原和C反应蛋白水平的改变及其与病情和预后的关系

目的 探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)患者血浆纤维蛋白原(Fib)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的改变及其与病情和预后的关系.方法 检测86例脑梗死患者(CI组)、27例腔隙性脑梗死患者(LCI组)和48名健康人(正常对照组)的血浆Fib及CRP含量.在CI患者入院当天和4周时进行临床神经功能缺损程度评分(NDS)评定.结果 CI组和LCI组血浆Fib、CRP水平和异常率明显高于正常对照组(均P＜0.01);NDS重型患者血浆Fib、CRP含量明显高于中型、轻型患者(均P＜0.01);中型患者血浆CRP含量显著高于轻型患者(P＜0.01).血浆Fib和CRP含量异常组患者住院4周时显著进步和进步的比率明显低于正常对照组(均P＜0.01),而无变化和死亡的比率明显高于正常对照组(均P＜0.01).结论 ACI患者血浆Fjb和CRP水平均明显升高,病情重的患者升高更明显;血浆Fib、CRP含量升高的患者预后较差.     

疏血通对急性脑梗死患者血清C反应蛋白的影响

目的 研究疏血通对急性脑梗死患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)的影响,探讨其治疗急性脑梗死的机制.方法 128例急性脑梗死患者随机分成疏血通组和常规对照组,2周后观察疗效和血浆CRP水平的变化.结果 疏血通组有效率为94.12%,对照组有效率为75%,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);急性脑梗死患者血清CRP浓度明显高于正常对照组, 差异有统计学意义( P＜0.01);治疗2周后2组患者CRP均显著下降,且疏血通组的CRP降低幅度显著大于常规对照组,差异有统计学意义( P＜0.01).结论 疏血通治疗急性脑梗死的机制之一是降低血CRP水平.     

高三酰甘油血症对脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9和C-反应蛋白水平的影响

目的 探讨高三酰甘油(TG)血症对脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平的影响.方法 检测36例脑梗死患者(高TG血症及TG正常各18例)及17名健康对照者(正常对照组)血清TG、MMP-9和CRP水平.对MMP-9、CRP和TG水平进行相关分析.结果 脑梗死组患者中高TG患者血清MMP-9、CRP、TG水平显著高于正常TG组和正常对照组(均P<0.01),且正常TG组MMP-9、CRP水平显著高于正常对照组(均P<0.01).相关分析显示:脑梗死患者高TG组和正常TG组中血清MMP-9与CRP、TG,CRP与TG均呈正相关,而正常对照组各指标间无相关性.结论 脑梗死患者血清MMP-9和CRP水平增高,高TG血症患者增高更明显;并且血MMP-9、CRP水平与TG水平呈正相关.     

血浆D-二聚体、FDP及CRP在急性脑梗死患者中联合检测研究

目的 探讨血浆D-二聚体、FDP及CRP在急性脑梗死患者中联合检测的临床意义.方法 选择我院2009-08-2011-08急性脑梗死患者40例,所选40例脑梗死患者分为急性期(发病72 h内)和恢复期(治疗2周后).同时选取我院健康体检者40例.对所选急性脑梗死患者的急性期和恢复期、对照组抽取静脉血,分别检测D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原降解产物(FDP)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平.结果 急性脑梗死的急性期和恢复期FDP、D-二聚体及CRP水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中急性脑梗死的急性期FDP、D-二聚体及CRP水平均高于急性脑梗死的恢复期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).在急性期检测D-二聚体的阳性率显著高于FDP的检测阳性率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 血浆D-二聚体、FDP及CRP实施联合检测有助于判断急性脑梗死的发生、脑梗死的严重程度及观察疗效有重要的临床意义,值得借鉴.     

急性脑梗死患者血清MMP-9与S-100B蛋白水平变化及临床意义

目的探讨血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9蛋白)与S-100B蛋白在急性脑梗死(ACI)病理过程中的变化及临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测65例ACI患者急性期及恢复期血清MMP-9和S-100B蛋白浓度并与35例健康对照比较;比较不同梗死面积的ACI患者在急性期血清MMP-9和S-100B浓度的差异;分析急性期ACI患者MMP-9和S-100B的相关性。结果 ACI患者急性期血清MMP-9和S-100B蛋白浓度均明显高于恢复期及对照组(P0.01);急性期脑梗死面积较大的患者血清MMP-9和S-100B蛋白浓度高于脑梗死面积较小的患者(P0.01);急性期MMP-9与S-100B蛋白呈正相关性(r=0.413,P0.01)。结论 ACI患者血清MMP-9和S-100B蛋白浓度随病程、梗死面积的大小而变化,并且在急性期时MMP-9和S-100B表达呈正相关。联合检测ACI患者血清MMP-9和S-100B蛋白浓度对ACI的诊断、病情监测和疗效观察具有重要参考作用。     

急性脑梗死患者血清P-选择素和CRP含量动态变化研究

目的 探讨缺血性脑卒中患者血清P-选择素和C反应蛋白（CRP）含量的动态变化和临床意义.方法 分别运用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）的方法和免疫透射比浊法检测30例脑梗死患者和30名健康对照者例健康对照者P-选择素、CRP的血清水平.结果 缺血性脑卒中患者急性期血清P-选择素和CRP水平显著高于其恢复期及健康对照组（均P＜0.01）,恢复期P-选择素和CRP水平仍高于健康对照组（P＜0.05）.不同体积脑梗死患者的P-选择素和CRP水平不同,大梗死灶组和中梗死灶组比小梗死灶组P-选择素和CRP水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 P-选择素和CRP参与了缺血性脑卒中炎症反应和血小板活化的病理过程,血清P-选择素和CRP水平可作为缺血性脑血管病发生发展及病情监测的参考指标.     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.