46例小儿开放性颅脑损伤治疗体会

小儿开放性颅脑损伤在临床上较常见，儿童脑部的解剖、生理与成人不同，颅脑损伤时临床表现有其特殊性，具有病情变化快、复杂多变等特征。我院白2000年1月至2009年9月治疗小儿开放性颅脑损伤46例，现报告如下。     

小儿重型颅脑损伤68例临床分析

由于小儿颅脑解剖、生理、病理生理有其独特性,网状上皮系统发育不完善,故其重型颅脑损伤也有自己的特点。1996年1月至2001年3月间我科收治小儿重型颅脑损伤68例,疗效满意。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料 所有小儿重型颅脑损伤病例,按颅脑损伤的分级标准确定,本组共68例,男性46例,女性22例,年龄3个月～12岁,平均5.68岁。1.2 致伤原因 摔伤36例,高处坠落伤14例,车祸伤12例,直接暴力伤4例,其它伤2例。1.3 损伤类型 闭合性颅脑损伤62例,开放性颅脑损伤6例。其中硬膜外血肿21例,硬膜下血肿13例,脑挫裂伤11例,脑内血肿16例,其中多发脑内     

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤的临床特征及治疗

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤重、病情变化快、死亡率高,为提高其生存率,降低死亡率,本文对我院2001-2007年收治学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤42例临床资料进行分析如下.     

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤的临床特征及治疗

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤重、病情变化快、死亡率高,为提高其生存率,降低死亡率,本文对我院2001-2007年收治学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤42例临床资料进行分析如下.     

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤的临床特征及治疗

学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤重、病情变化快、死亡率高,为提高其生存率,降低死亡率,本文对我院2001-2007年收治学龄前小儿重型颅脑损伤42例临床资料进行分析如下.     

小儿重度颅脑损伤的护理

小儿重度颅脑损伤的护理安徽省立医院赵仪珍小儿颅脑损伤并非少见，我院于１９９３年１月至１２月共收治重度颅脑损伤患儿３５人，平均住院１２天，除３例（１例原发性脑干损伤、１例爆炸伤并胸腹复合伤、１例特重型颅脑损伤矢状窦破裂）经抢救无效死亡外，其余３２例在全...     

小儿颅脑损伤的特点及其对策

目的了解小儿颅脑损伤的特点。方法总结近10年我科治疗小儿颅脑损伤病例。结果228例病人中,良好156例(68%),中残31例(14%),重残22例(10%),植物生存6例(3%),死亡13例(6%)。结论小儿颅脑损伤的特点为“四少一多”。     

小儿颅脑损伤的特征与康复（附120例小结）

小儿颅脑损伤的特征与康复（附１２０例小结）宁波市第一医院胡勤乐浙江省宁波卫生学校褚玉因小儿的生理特点特殊，小儿急性颅脑损伤的临床表现及其功能康复有许多特点，本文对我院近３年诊治的１２０例患儿的临床特征及随访了解的功能康复状况作一总结。临床资料本组１２...     

小儿颅脑损伤的临床特点及治疗分析

目的 探讨小儿颅脑损伤的临床特点、治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年6月收治的61例小儿颅脑损伤的临床资料,其中手术治疗24例,保守治疗37例。结果 61例患儿痊愈46例,好转15例,无植物生存及死亡病例。结论 在小儿颅脑损伤的治疗过程中,应结合小儿自身的生理、解剖和病理特点,存在手术适应症的选取术式时强调微创,术中轻柔精细操作,保守治疗者应选取个体化的治疗方案,早期防治并发症。     

小儿颅脑损伤并发腔隙性脑梗塞

目的　探讨小儿颅脑损伤并发腔隙性脑梗塞临床特点。　　方法　回顾分析 3 0例小儿颅脑损伤后并发腔隙性脑梗塞的发病机制、临床表现特点及影像学特征。　　结果　出院痊愈 2 2例 ,改善 6例 ,轻残 2例 ;随访 1 4例中 ,1 2例良好 ,2例有间歇性头痛。　　结论　小儿颅脑损伤并发腔隙性脑梗塞的诊断主要依据临床表现和CT检查 ,治疗以保守治疗为主 ,早期高压氧治疗能明显改善患儿的预后。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Summary of legislation of 1935 of interest to the department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -     

Summary of legislation of 1941 of interest to the Department of Mental Hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -     

Asymmetry of on- and off-pathways of blue-sensitive cones of the retina of macaques

Macaque retinal ganglion cells whose receptive-field center recieves input from blue-sensitive cones show an overt asymmetry of the frequency of ON-center and OFF-center varieties, an asymmetry not present in ganglion cells whose center receives input from the other two cone types. A similar asymmetry of ON/OFF responses is found in the local electrotetinogram (d-wave) mediated by signals from blue-sensitive cones. ‘Blue-ON-center’ ganglion cells have larger receptive-field centers and shorter conduction latencies than other opponent-color varieties, suggesting an appreciable degree of receptor convergence and presumably large cell bodies. Intracellular stainings of these neurons with Procion Yellow show that they correspond to diffuse stratified (Parasol) ganglion cells whose flat-topped dendritic arborization stratifies in the sclerad half of the inner plexiform layer. In view of the known characteristics of macaque bipolar cells and of the ON/OFF asymmetry, it is proposed that these ganglion cells are postsynaptic to cone-specific flat bipolars possibly mediating sign-inverting synaptic contacts. The results also indicate a reversal, for the blue-cone pathway, of the ON/OFF lamination of the inner plexiform layer that has recently been described in other species.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.