经阴道彩色多普勒超声诊断子宫肌瘤的价值

目的：探讨子宫肌瘤的血流动力学特点及诊断意义。方法：采用经阴道彩色多普勒超声检测56例子宫肌瘤患者的子宫动脉、肌瘤周边部与内部的血流参数,与50例正常女性的子宫动脉血流参数作对照,分析其差异性。结果：肌瘤组子宫动脉收缩期最大血流速度（SP）和舒张末期血流速度（ED）与正常组对比明显增高,而血流阻力指数（RI）和收缩期峰值流影舒张末期流速比值（S／D）明显低于正常组;肌瘤周边部SP、ED、RI、S／D均高于瘤体内部。结论：经阴道彩色多普勒超声能较准确反映子宫动脉在生理与病理状态下的血流特征和子宫肌瘤的血供状况,并对提示子宫肌瘤恶性变具有一定诊断价值。     

经阴道彩色多普勒在子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤诊断中的应用

目的:探讨经阴道超声二维及彩色多普勒诊断子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤的临床应用价值。方法:对35例子宫腺肌瘤、42例子宫肌瘤患者行经阴道彩色多普勒超声,分析其二维及彩色多普勒血流特征,并测定各组子宫动脉、病灶周边及内部RI。选取50名健康妇女为正常对照组。结果:二维图像上子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤均呈特征性改变。CDFI示子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤患者子宫动脉平均RI低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。子宫肌瘤周边血流丰富,内部血流信号稀少或无;子宫腺肌瘤周边血流信号稀少,内部见丰富或星点状血流信号,子宫肌瘤周边及内部动脉RI均低于子宫腺肌瘤内部动脉RI(P<0.05)。结论:经阴道彩色多普勒为子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤的鉴别诊断提供有价值的信息。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对宫腔病变的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨应用经阴道彩色多普勒超声对子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌症、腺肌瘤的诊断价值。方法:选取收治的102例疑似宫腔病变的患者为研究对象,均行经阴道彩色多普勒超声、经腹部彩色多普勒超声及病理活检检查。以病理活检结果作为金标准,比较经阴道与经腹部彩色多普勒超声两种诊断方法的准确率、敏感度和特异度,分析并比较不同病变周边血流动力学指标水平。结果:病理检查结果显示,26例为宫腔炎症,24例为子宫肌瘤,25例为子宫腺肌症,27例为腺肌瘤;经阴道超声诊断的准确率、敏感度和特异度均高于经腹部超声诊断,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);宫腔炎症、子宫肌瘤周边收缩期峰值速度(Vs)、舒张期峰值流速(Vd)、血流搏动指数(PI)及血流阻力指数(RI),分别低于子宫腺肌症、腺肌瘤,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用经阴道彩色多普勒超声诊断子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌症及腺肌瘤临床价值较高,值得推荐。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声在诊断子宫腺肌病和子宫肌瘤中的应用

采用经阴道彩色多普勒超声（TVCDS）观察56例子宫腺肌病患者和66例子宫肌瘤患者子宫血流显像和血流阻力指数（RI）差异性。结果显示,子宫腺肌病患者子宫壁异位病灶内呈星点状彩色血流信号,可探及低流速血流,病灶周围极少探及规则血流;而子宫肌瘤内部极少探及血流,肌瘤周边呈间断环绕的彩色血流信号,大多可探及规则的低流速血流,二者差异显著（P＜0.05）。另外,子宫腺肌病组子宫动脉RI明显高于子宫肌瘤组（P＜0.05）。说明TVCDS分辨率较高,能提供高敏感性的血流信息,可作为子宫腺肌病和子宫肌瘤诊断与鉴别诊断的手段。可提高二者非手术诊断率。     

卵巢早衰患者经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查的声像图特征

目的 利用经阴道彩色多普勒超声观察卵巢早衰(POF)患者卵巢形态学特征及血流动力学参数,探讨其形态、血流特征性改变及其临床应用价值.方法 对符合临床及实验室诊断39例POF患者及39例正常育龄妇女(对照组)行阴道彩色多普勒超声检查,对两组受检者的卵巢声像图、血流动力学参数进行观察并比较.结果 POF组的卵巢大小(左右径及前后径)、回声、卵泡数目、血流动力学参数与正常组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 POF患者经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查显示,卵巢回声偏高、前后径及左右径小于正常者,卵泡数目少于正常者;卵巢动脉的收缩期峰值流速(PSV)及舒张末期流速(EDV)低于正常者,阻力指数(RI)及搏动指数(PI)高于正常者.经阴道超声检查卵巢形态及血流动力学改变有助于诊断POF.     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声检测先兆流产子宫螺旋动脉的血流变化

目的:探讨早孕子宫螺旋动脉的血流动力学变化,及与先兆流产预后的关系。方法:选择先兆流产患者98例,按预后分能维持妊娠为A组, 53例,不能维持妊娠为B组, 45例,正常宫内早孕为对照C组, 79例,经阴道彩色多普勒超声测定子宫螺旋动脉收缩期峰值流速 (PSV)、舒张期末流速 (EDV)和阻力指数 (RI)。结果:三组年龄、妊娠时间比较无明显差异(P> 0. 05);B组PSV和EDV显著性地降低,RI显著性地升高,与A组和C组比较有显著性差异(P< 0. 01)。结论:经阴道彩色多普勒超声测定早孕子宫螺旋动脉收缩期峰值流速、舒张期末流速及阻力指数对判断先兆流产预后有重要的价值。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对子宫动脉及分支血流状况的研究

目的：探讨健康生育期女性子宫血流在正常月经周期中血流动力学变化的特点及规律,为临床了解子宫的生理和病理变化提供客观的参考指标。方法：应用彩色多普勒超声对30例健康生育期女性分别于月经周期的增生期、分泌期进行检查,观测子宫动脉及分支血流收缩期峰值流速（PSV）、舒张末期流速（EDV）、血流阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）及收缩与舒张末流速比（S/D）等指标。结果：子宫动脉及分支血流的RI、PI、S/D组间比较均存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）,分泌期RI、PI、S/D较低,增生期RI、PI、S/D较高（P〈0.05）。结论：健康生育期女性在正常月经周期中子宫动脉及分支血流呈周期性变化,其血供状态与功能状态密切相关。通过检测血流参数可为临床了解子宫功能提供客观的参考指标。     

经阴道超声诊断子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤临床分析

目的：探讨经阴道二维及彩色多普勒诊断子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌瘤的临床价值。方法：对我院2009年7月—2011年7月经手术病理证实子宫肌瘤及子宫腺肌瘤127例,经阴道超声分析二维及彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）特征。结果：二维图像上均呈特征性改变;CDFI示子宫肌瘤周边血流丰富,动脉血流阻力指数RI为0.56±0.18,子宫腺肌瘤周边血流信号稀少,RI为0.76±0.06;经阴道超声诊断子宫肌瘤、腺肌瘤符合率分别为：95.8%、94.6%。结论：经阴道彩色多普勒超声为子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌瘤的鉴别诊断提供有价值信息。     

彩色多普勒超声对慢性肾病的诊断价值

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声在监测慢性肾病患者肾血流动力学方面的应用价值.方法 应用彩色多普勒超声对临床诊断的37例慢性肾病患者(肾病组)和30例健康者(对照组)进行观察,测量两组的肾脏大小及肾段动脉和叶间动脉的收缩期最大流速(Vs)及阻力指数(RI).结果 肾功能代偿期与对照组,Vs和RI无明显变化(P＞0.05)肾功能失代偿期与对照组比较RI增高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01.)结论 彩色多普勒超声对监测慢性肾病患者肾血流动力学变化有很高的价值.     

经阴道彩色多普勒血流显像技术在子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌瘤鉴别诊断中的价值

目的 探讨经阴道彩色多普勒血流显像技术(TVCDS)对子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断意义.方法以手术病理结论 为标准,回顾性分析子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤的TVCDS特征,对照比较二者瘤体包膜回声、瘤体内部回声、彩色血流信号和RI值的差异.结果 子宫肌瘤与子宫腺肌瘤声像图的鉴别以瘤体用边假包膜特征最为重要;彩色多普勒血流显示瘤体周边出现环状彩色血流,子宫肌瘤组占95.9%,子宫腺肌瘤组占30.8%,组间差异明显;子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤周边血流阻力指数(RI)分别是(0.53±0.07)和(0.67±0.057),RI≥0.7分别是1.4%和38.5%,组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 结合瘤体包膜回声、彩色血流信号和RI等超声特征能提高TVCDS对子宫肌瘤和子宫腺肌瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断率.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.