Unsedation colonoscopy can be not that painful: Evaluation of the effect of “Lamaze method of colonoscopy”

AIM: To evaluate the pain relieving effect of intervention with "Lamaze method of colonoscopy" in the process of colonoscopy.METHODS: Five hundred and eighty-five patients underwent colonoscopy were randomly divided into three groups, Lamaze group, anesthetic group and control group. Two hundred and twenty-four patients of Lamaze group, the "Lamaze method of colonoscopy" were practiced in the process of colonoscopy. The Lamaze method of colonoscopy is modified from the Lamaze method of childbirth, which helped patients to relieve pain through effective breathing control. One hundred and seventy-eight patients in anesthetic group accepted sedation colonoscopy. For 183 patients in control group, colonoscopy was performed without any intervention. The satisfactory of colon cleaning, intestinal lesions, intubation time, success ratio, pain grading and complications were recorded. All data were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: There were no significant differences at base line of the three groups(P 0.05). Anesthetic group shows advantage in intubation time than the other two groups(P 0.05). Lamaze group shows no advantagein intubation time than that in control group(P 0.05). The anesthetic group showed an apparent advantage in relieving pain(P 0.01). Therefore, the "Lamaze method of colonoscopy" performed in colonoscopy could relieve pain effectively comparing with control group(P 0.05). The patients in anesthetic group had the highest incidence of complications(P 0.05).CONCLUSION: The performance of the "Lamaze method of colonoscopy" in the process of colonoscopy could relieve patients' pain, minimize the incidence of complications, and is worthy promotion in clinical practice.     

Changes in patients’ symptoms and gastric emptying after Helicobacter pylori treatment

AIM: To investigate the changes in clinical symptoms and gastric emptying and their association in functional dyspepsia (FD) patients. METHODS: Seventy FD patients were enrolled and divided into 2 groups Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-negative group (28 patients), and H. pylori-positive group (42 patients). Patients in the H. pylori-positive group were further randomly divided into groups: H. pylori-treatment group (21 patients) and conventional treatment group (21 patients). Seventy two healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The proximal and distal stomach area was measured by ultrasound immediately after patients took the test meal, and at 20, 40, 60 and 90 min; then, gastric half-emptying time was calculated. The incidence of symptoms and gastric half-emptying time between the FD and control groups were compared. The H. pylori-negative and conventional treatment groups were given conventional treatment: domperidone 0.6 mg/(kg/d) for 1 mo. The H. pylori-treatment group was given H. pylori eradication treatment + conventional treatment: lansoprazole 30 mg once daily, clarithromycin 0.5 g twice daily and amoxicillin 1.0 g twice daily for 1 wk, then domperidone 0.6 mg/(kg/d) for 1 mo. The incidence of symptoms and gastric emptying were compared between the FD and control groups. The relationship between dyspeptic symptoms and gastric half-emptying time in the FD and control groups were analyzed. Then total symptom scores before and after treatment and gastric half-emptying time were compared among the 3 groups. RESULTS: The incidence of abdominal pain, epigastric burning sensation, abdominal distension, nausea, belching, and early satiety symptoms in the FD group were significantly higher than in the control group (50.0% vs 20.8%; 37.1% vs 12.5%; 78.6% vs 44.4%; 45.7% vs 22.2%; 52.9% vs 15.3%; 57.1% vs 19.4%; all P < 0.05). The gastric half-emptying times of the proximal end, distal end, and the whole stomach in the FD group were slower than in the control group (93.7 ± 26.2 vs 72.0 ± 14.3; 102.2 ± 26.4 vs 87.5 ± 18.2; 102.1 ± 28.6 vs 78.3 ± 14.1; all P < 0.05). Abdominal distension, belching and early satiety had an effect on distal gastric half-emptying time (P < 0.05). Abdominal distension and abdominal pain had an effect on the gastric half-emptying time of the whole stomach (P < 0.05). All were risk factors (odds ratio > 1). The total symptom score of the 3 groups after treatment was lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). Total symptom scores after treatment in the H. pylori-treatment group and H. pylori-negative group were lower than in the conventional treatment group (5.15 ± 2.27 vs 7.02 ± 3.04, 4.93 ± 3.22 vs 7.02 ± 3.04, All P < 0.05). The gastric half-emptying times of the proximal end, distal end, and the whole stomach in the H. pylori-negative and H. pylori-treatment groups were shorter than in the conventional treatment group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: FD patients have delayed gastric emptying. H. pylori infection treatment helps to improve symptoms of dyspepsia and is a reasonable choice for treatment in clinical practice.     

Risk factors associated with missed colorectal flat adenoma: A multicenter retrospective tandem colonoscopy study

AIM: To determine the miss rate for colorectal flat adenomas during colonoscopy and the risk factors. METHODS: Flat adenomas are frequently missed during colonoscopy. However, the risk factors that influence their miss rates are unclear. This was a multicenter, retrospective study in which patients diagnosed with colorectal adenomas at a diagnostic colonoscopy and followed within 3 mo by a second therapeutic colonoscopy were pooled out from the established database. The “per-patient” and “per-adenoma” adenoma miss rates (AMR) for overall adenomas and flat adenomas, and patient-, adenoma-, and procedure-related risk factors potentially associated with the “per-adenoma” AMR for flat adenomas were determined. RESULTS: Chromoscopy and high-definition colonoscopy were not taken under consideration in the study. Among 2093 patients with colorectal adenomas, 691 (33.0%) were diagnosed with flat adenomas, 514 with concomitant protruding adenomas and 177 without. The “per-patient” AMR for flat adenomas was 43.3% (299/691); the rates were 54.3% and 11.3%, respectively, for those with protruding adenomas and those without (OR = 9.320, 95%CI: 5.672-15.314, χ² = 99.084, P < 0.001). The “per-adenoma” AMR for flat adenomas was 44.3% (406/916). In multivariate analysis, older age, presence of concomitant protruding adenomas, poor bowel preparation, smaller adenoma size, location at the right colon, insufficient experience of the colonoscopist, and withdrawal time < 6 min were associated with an increased “per-adenoma” AMR for flat adenomas. The AMR for flat adenomas was moderately correlated with that for overall adenomas (r = 0.516, P < 0.0001). The AMR for flat adenomas during colonoscopy was high. CONCLUSION: Patient’s age, concomitant protruding adenomas, bowel preparation, size and location of adenomas, proficiency of the colonoscopist, and withdrawal time are factors affecting the “per-adenoma” AMR for flat adenomas.     

脊柱结核患者术后行疼痛护理干预的效果观察

目的 探讨脊柱结核患者术后行疼痛护理干预的临床效果。方法 采用随机抽签法选取2016年1月至2017年6月于解放军总医院第八医学中心脊柱微创科就诊的40例脊柱结核患者作为对照组;选取2017年7月至2019年1月于解放军总医院第八医学中心脊柱微创科就诊的40例脊柱结核患者作为观察组。对照组患者于手术后实施常规护理,观察组患者于术后在常规护理基础上实施疼痛护理干预,比较两组患者术后3d、术后1周疼痛程度和舒适度,伤口愈合时间,术后住院时间,术后并发症发生情况。结果 观察组术后3d、术后1周视觉模拟评分法(VAS)疼痛评分分别为(4.22±0.81)分、(2.22±0.81)分,均明显低于对照组[分别为(4.98±1.12)分、(2.98±1.12)分],差异均有统计学意义(t值均为3.48,P值均为0.000)。观察组术后3d、术后1周舒适度的VAS评分分别为(4.48±0.41)分、(2.20±0.80)分,均明显低于对照组[分别为(4.92±0.98)分、(2.96±1.12)分],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.62、3.49,P值分别为0.005、0.000)。观察组术后伤口愈合时间、术后住院时间分别为(13.46±1.38)d、(13.49±1.87)d,均明显短于对照组[分别为(14.76±1.92)d、(14.86±2.54)d],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为3.48、2.75,P值分别为0.000、0.003)。观察组术后并发症发生率为5.0%(2/40),明显低于对照组的25.0%(10/40),差异有统计学意义(χ ²=6.28,P=0.012)。结论 脊柱结核患者术后行疼痛护理干预可减轻患者疼痛,提升生理舒适感,减少并发症,并促使其早期伤愈出院。     

Acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation reduces discomfort associated with barostat-induced rectal distension:A randomized-controlled study

AIM:To explore the effectiveness of acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(Acu-TENS), a non-invasive modality in reduction of rectal discomfort during barostat-induced rectal distension. METHODS:Forty healthy subjects were randomized to receive 45 min of either Acu-TENS or placebo-TENS(no electrical output)over acupuncture points Hegu(largeintestine 4),Neiguan(pericardium 6)and Zusanli(stomach 36).A balloon catheter attached to a dual-drive barostat machine was then inserted into the subjects’rectum.A step-wise(4 mmHg)increase in balloon pressure was induced until maximal tolerable or 48 mmHg.Visual analogue scale and a 5-point subjective discomfort scale(no perception,first per-ception of distension,urge to defecate,discomfort/ pain and extreme pain)were used to assess rectal discomfort at each distension pressure.Blood beta-endorphin levels were measured before,immediately after intervention,at 24 mmHg and at maximal toler- able distension pressure. RESULTS:There was no difference in the demographic data and baseline plasma beta-endorphin levels between the two groups.Perception threshold levels were higher in the Acu-TENS group when compared to the placebo group,but the difference reached statistical significance only at the sensations"urge to defecate"and"pain".The distension pressures recorded at the"urge to defecate"sensation for the Acu-TENS and placebo-TENS groups were 28.0±4.5 mmHg and 24.6±5.7 mmHg,respectively(P=0.043);and the pressures recorded for the"pain"sensation for these two groups were 36.0±4.2 mmHg and 30.5± 4.3 mmHg respectively(P=0.002).Compared to the placebo group,a higher number of participants in the Acu-TENS group tolerated higher distension pressures (>40 mmHg)(65%in Acu-TENS vs 25%in placebo, P=0.02).The plasma beta-endorphin levels of the Acu-TENS group were significantly higher than that of the placebo group at barostat inflation pressure of 24 mmHg(1.31±0.40 ng/mL vs 1.04±0.43 ng/mL,P= 0.044)and at maximal inflation pressure(1.46±0.53 ng/mL vs 0.95±0.     

Patient comfort and quality in colonoscopy

AIM: To explore the relationship of patient comfort and experience to commonly used performance indicators for colonoscopy. METHODS: All colonoscopies performed in our four endoscopy centres are recorded in two reporting systems that log key performance indicators. From 2008 to 2011, all procedures performed by qualified endoscopists were evaluated; procedures performed by trainees were excluded. The following variables were measured: Caecal intubation rate (CIR), nurse-reported comfort levels (NRCL) on a scale from 1 to 5, polyp detection rate (PDR), patient experience of the procedure (worse than expected, as expected, better than expected), and use of sedation and analgesia. Pearson’ s correlation coefficient was used to identify relationships between performance indicators.RESULTS: A total of 17027 colonoscopies were performed by 23 independent endoscopists between 2008 and 2011. Caecal intubation rate varied from 79.0% to 97.8%, with 18 out of 23 endoscopists achieving a CIR of > 90%. The percentage of patients experiencing significant discomfort during their procedure (defined as NRCL of 4 or 5) ranged from 3.9% to 19.2% with an average of 7.7%. CIR was negatively correlated with NRCL-45 (r=-0.61, P < 0.005), and with poor patient experience (r=-0.54, P < 0.01). The average dose of midazolam (mean 1.9 mg, with a range of 1.1 to 3.5 mg) given by the endoscopist was negatively correlated with CIR (r=-0.59, P < 0.01). CIR was positively correlated with PDR (r=0.44, P < 0.05), and with the numbers of procedures performed by the endoscopists (r=0.64, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The best colonoscopists have a higher CIR, use less sedation, cause less discomfort and find more polyps. Measuring patient comfort is valuable in monitoring performance.     

Alcohol,postprandial plasma glucose,and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM:To identify factors associated with prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) after initial therapy.METHODS:A total of 377 HCC patients who were newly treated at Katsushika Medical Center,Japan from January 2000 to December 2009 and followed up for > 2 years,or died during follow-up,were enrolled.The factors related to survival were first analyzed in 377 patients with HCC tumor stage T1-T4 using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.A similar analysis was performed in 282 patients with tumor stage T1-T3.Additionally,factors associated with the period between initial and subsequent therapy were examined in 144 patients who did not show local recurrence.Finally,214 HCC stage T1-T3 patients who died during the observation period were classified into four groups according to their alcohol consumption and postprandial glucose levels,and differences in their causes of death were examined.RESULTS:On multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis,the following were significantly associated with survival:underlying liver disease stage [non-cirrhosis/Child-Pugh A vs B/C,hazard ratio(HR):0.603,95% CI:0.417-0.874,P = 0.0079],HCC stage(T1/T2 vs T3/T4,HR:0.447,95% CI:0.347-0.576,P < 0.0001),and mean postprandial plasma glucose after initial therapy(< 200 vs ≥ 200 mg/dL,HR:0.181,95% CI:0.067-0.488,P = 0.0008).In T1-T3 patients,uninterrupted alcohol consumption after initial therapy(no vs yes,HR:0.641,95% CI:0.469-0.877,P = 0.0055) was significant in addition to underlying liver disease stage(non-cirrhosis/Child-Pugh A vs B/C,HR:0649,95% CI:0.476-0.885,P = 0.0068),HCC stage(T1 vs T2/T3,HR:0.788,95% CI:0.653-0.945,P = 0.0108),and mean postprandial plasma glucose after initial therapy(< 200 mg/dL vs ≥ 200 mg/dL,HR:0.502,95% CI:0.337-0.747,P = 0.0005).In patients without local recurrence,time from initial to subsequent therapy for newly emerging HCC was significantly longer in the "postprandial glucose within 200 mg/dL group" than the "postprandial glucose > 200 mg/dL group"(l     

胸腔注射尿激酶减少结核性渗出性胸膜炎胸膜粘连的效果观察

目的　观察胸腔注射尿激酶减少结核性渗出性胸膜炎胸膜粘连的效果。方法 收治渗出性胸膜炎 120例。随机分成治疗组与对照组各 60例。治疗组第 1、2、3次抽液后注射尿激酶 10万IU+生理盐水 20ml,化疗方案等对照组注射生理盐水 20ml,化疗方案等其他治疗方法相同。结果 胸液吸收时间治疗组 20.2±3.1d ,对照组 19.6±4.2d(P＞0.05 )。抽液总量 ,治疗组 3648±512ml,对照组 2934±478ml(P＜0.01)。抽液次数 ,治疗组 5.2±1.6次 ,对照组 4.8±1.6次 (P＞0.05 )。形成纤维分隔、多房积液 ,治疗组 2例 ,对照组 9例 (P＜0.01)。 2月后B超查胸膜厚度 ,治疗组 1.22±0.19mm ,对照组 1.48±0.32mm(P＜0.01)；肺功能FEV1% ,治疗组 89.2%±1.6% ,对照组 82.3%±2.1% (P＜0.01)。FVC%治疗组 94.3%±2.2% ,对照组 90.2%±2.4% (P＜0.01)。结论 胸腔注射尿激酶能减少胸腔分隔、多房的形成。减轻胸膜增厚 ,改善肺功能。     

含利福布汀方案治疗缓慢生长型非结核分枝杆菌肺病的短期疗效分析

目的 探讨含利福布汀(rifabutin, Rfb)的治疗方案对缓慢生长型非结核分枝杆菌(slowly growing mycobacterium,SGM)肺病的短期疗效和安全性。方法 收集上海市肺科医院2013年1月至2014年12月期间住院确诊且规律治疗并参加随访的SGM肺病患者124例,其中治疗方案中含有Rfb的患者56例作为含Rfb组,同期确诊且治疗方案中不含Rfb的68例患者作为对照组,两组进行临床疗效和安全性的比较,两组间计量资料采用方差分析,率的比较采用卡方检验,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果 (1)细菌学疗效评价:治疗3个月末两组痰菌阴转率分别为含Rfb组28.57%(16/56),对照组26.47%(18/68),差异无统计学意义(χ ²=0.452,P=0.512);6个月末痰菌阴转率分别为含Rfb组57.14%(32/56)和对照组51.47%(35/68),差异无统计学意义(χ ²=1.125,P=0.112);治疗12个月末含Rfb组痰菌阴转率(78.57%,44/56)明显高于对照组(69.12%,47/68),差异有统计学意义(χ ²=3.089,P=0.008)。(2)影像学疗效评价:病灶吸收率含Rfb组(75.00%,42/56)明显高于对照组(60.29%,47/68),差异有统计学意义(χ ²=4.523, P=0.009);空洞吸收率分别为含Rfb组(73.21%,41/56)和对照组(63.24%,43/68),差异无统计学意义(χ ²=1.952,P=0.094);两组临床疗效对比,含Rfb组好转率(73.21%,41/56)明显高于对照组(60.29%,41/68)(χ ²=3.412,P=0.012)。 结论 含Rfb方案可加速SGM肺病患者的痰菌阴转和病灶的吸收。     

LCBDE术一期缝合治疗胆总管结石患者效果研究

目的 探讨采用腹腔镜胆总管探查术(LCBDE)一期缝合治疗胆总管结石患者的临床疗效。方法 2018年1月～2021年10月我院收治的74例胆总管结石患者,其中31例对照组患者接受LCBDE术联合T管引流治疗,另43例观察组患者接受LCBDE术胆总管一期缝合治疗。术后随访所有患者6个月。使用全自动生化分析仪检测血生化指标,采用放射免疫法检测应激反应指标肾上腺素(A)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质醇(COR)。结果 观察组手术时间、腹腔引流时间和住院日分别为(91.3±12.6)min、(3.3±1.2)d和(5.9±1.2)d,显著短于对照组【分别为(115.4±19.2)min、(4.5±1.4)d和(8.6±1.5)d,P<0.05】;手术前后,两组血清肝功能指标变化均无显著性差异(P>0.05);在术后3 d,观察组血清A、ACTH和COR水平分别为(1.2±0.3)nmol/L、(13.6±4.1)ng/mL和(212.9±21.4)ng/mL,显著低于对照组【分别为(1.6±0.4)nmol/L、(17.2±4.8)ng/mL和(256.4±35.7)ng/m...     

Effect of oxidative stress on development of silicosis

AIM: To investigate the changes of oxidative stress indicators in the serum of silicosis patients and explore the mechanism of silicosis development.METHODS: Two hundred workers who were exposed to silica dust for more than one year were recruited as dust-exposed group, 100 non-dust-exposed subjects served as control group, 32 patients with suspected 0+ silicosis as observation group, and 130 silicosis patients were taken as the silicosis group. Indicators of oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO), serum glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx), total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), nitric oxide synthase(NOS), and lipid malondialdehyde(MDA), were determined in all the groups. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, NO and GSH-Px in dust-exposed group and silicosis group increased, and SOD decreased significantly(81.162± 35.176, 270.469 ± 39.228 and 68.209 ± 21.528, respectively, P = 0.004, P = 0.002, P = 0.005). Compared with the control and dust-exposed group, T-AOC, NOS and MDA in silicosis group increased significantly(13.048 ± 4.153, 36.201 ± 7.782 and 5.054 ± 1.204, respectively, P = 0.018, P = 0.022, P = 0.011). Compared with dust-exposed group, GSH-Px in the silicosis group increased significantly(270.469 ± 39.228, P = 0.002). GSH-Px in phase Ⅲ silicosis was significantly higher than in phase Ⅰsilicosis(290.750 ± 39.129, P = 0.021). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum GSH-Px was positively correlated with silicosis staging, length of dust exposure and type of occupation(47.109 ± 8.015, P = 0.001).CONCLUSION: The imbalance of oxidative and antioxidation system is associated with the development of silicosis. The surveillance of oxidative stress indicators will benefit the prognosis of silicosis patients.     

Induction of clinical response and remission of inflammatory bowel disease by use of herbal medicines: A meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of herbal medicines in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)by conducting a meta-analysis.METHODS:Electronic databases were searched for studies investigating efficacy and/or tolerability of herbal medicines in the management of different types of IBD.The search terms were:"herb"or"plant"or"herbal"and"inflammatory bowel disease".Data were collected from 1966 to 2013(up to Feb).The"clinical response","clinical remission","endoscopic response","endoscopic remission","histological response","histological remission","relapse","any adverse events",and"seriousadverse events"were the key outcomes of interest.We used the Mantel-Haenszel,Rothman-Boice method for fixed effects and DerSimonian-Laird method for random-effects.For subgroup analyses,we separated the studies by type of IBD and type of herbal medicine to determine confounding factors and reliability.RESULTS:Seven placebo controlled clinical trials met our criteria and were included(474 patients).Comparison of herbal medicine with placebo yielded a significant RR of 2.07(95%CI:1.41-3.03,P=0.0002)for clinical remission;a significant RR of 2.59(95%CI:1.24-5.42,P=0.01)for clinical response;a non-significant RR of 1.33(95%CI:0.93-1.9,P=0.12)for endoscopic remission;a non-significant RR of 1.69(95%CI:0.69-5.04)for endoscopic response;a non-significant RR of 0.64(95%CI:0.25-1.81)for histological remission;a non-significant RR of 0.86(95%CI:0.55-1.55)for histological response;a non-significant RR of 0.95(95%CI:0.52-1.73)for relapse;a non-significant RR of 0.89(95%CI:0.75-1.06,P=0.2)for any adverse events;and a non-significant RR of 0.97(95%CI:0.37-2.56,P=0.96)for serious adverse events.CONCLUSION:The results showed that herbal medicines may safely induce clinical response and remission in patients with IBD without significant effects on endoscopic and histological outcomes,but the number of studies is limited to make a strong conclusion.     

二甲双胍联合吡格列酮治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病合并2型糖尿病患者疗效研究

目的 探讨应用二甲双胍联合吡格列酮治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的效果。方法 2018年10月～2020年10月我院收治的NAFLD合并T2DM患者86例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组43例和观察组43例,分别给予二甲双胍或二甲双胍联合吡格列酮治疗24 w。常规检测谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c);采用电化学发光法检测血清空腹胰岛素(FINS),并计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果 在治疗24 w末,观察组血清AST水平为(37.9±4.2)U/L,显著低于对照组【(50.7±3.8)U/L,P<0.05】,GGT水平为(64.1±6.2)U/L,显著低于对照组【(73.1±7.0)U/L,P<0.05】;FPG水平为(6.0±1.2)mmol/L,显著低于对照组【(6.8±1.5)mmol/L,P<0.05】,HbA1c水平为(7.2±1.1)%...     

Increased duodenal expression of miR-146a and -155 in pediatric Crohn&rsquo;s disease

AIM: To evaluate the role of microRNA (miR)-146a, -155 and -122 in the duodenal mucosa of pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and the effect of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on these miRs in duodenal epithelial and fibroblast cells. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsies derived from the macroscopically inflamed (CD inflamed: n = 10) and intact (CD intact: n = 10) duodenal mucosa of pediatric CD patients and control children (C: n = 10) were examined. Expression of miR-146a, -155 and -122 was determined by real-time polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). The expression of the above miRs was investigated in recombinant human TGF-β (1 nmol/L, 24 h) or vehicle treated small intestinal epithelial cells (CCL-241) and primary duodenal fibroblast cells derived from healthy children as well. RESULTS: Expression of miR-146a was significantly higher in the inflamed duodenal mucosa compared to the intact duodenal mucosa of children with CD (CD inflamed: 3.21 ± 0.50 vs CD intact: 0.62 ± 0.26, P≤ 0.01) and to the control group (CD inflamed: 3.21 ± 0.50 vs C: 1.00 ± 0.33, P≤ 0.05). The expression of miR-155 was significantly increased in the inflamed region of the duodenum compared to the control group (CD inflamed: 4.87 ± 1.02 vs Control: 1.00 ± 0.40, P≤ 0.001). The expression of miR-122 was unchanged in the inflamed or intact mucosa of CD patients compared to controls. TGF-β treatment significantly decreased the expression of miR-155 in small intestinal epithelial cells (TGF-β: 0.7 ± 0.083 vs Control: 1 ± 0.09, P≤ 0.05) and also the expression of miR-146a (TGF-β: 0.67 ± 0.04 vs Control: 1 ± 0.15, P≤ 0.01) and miR-155 (TGF-β: 0.72 ± 0.09 vs Control: 1 ± 0.06, P≤ 0.05) in primary duodenal fibroblasts compared to corresponding vehicle treated controls. TGF-β treatment did not influence the expression of miR-122. CONCLUSION: The elevated expression of miR-146a and -155 in the inflamed duodenal mucosa of CD patients suggests the role of these miRs in the pathomechanism of inflammatory bowel disease. Anti-inflammatory TGF-β plays an important role in the regulation of the expression of these miRs.     

Comparative analysis of endoscopic precut conventional and needle knife sphincterotomy

AIM:To compare the efficacy,complications and postprocedural hyperamylasemia in endoscopic pre-cut conventional and needle knife sphincterotomie.METHODS:We performed a retrospective analysis of two pre-cut sphincterotomy(PS) techniques,pre-cut conventional sphincterotomy(PCS),and pre-cut needle knife(PNK).The study included 143 patients;the classic technique was used in 59 patients(41.3%),and the needle knife technique was used in 84 patients(58.7%).We analyzed the efficacy of bile duct access,the need for a two-step procedure,the rates of complications and hyperamylasemia 4 h after the procedure,"endoscopic bleeding" and the need for bleeding control.Furthermore,to assess whether the anatomy of the Vater’s papilla,indications for the procedure or the need for additional procedures could inform the choice of the PS method,we evaluated the additive hyperamylasemia risk 4 h after the procedure with respect to the above mentioned variables.RESULTS:The bile duct access efficacy with PNK and PCS was 100% and 96.6%,respectively,and the difference between the two groups was not significant(P = 0.06).However,the needle knife technique required two-step access significantly more often,in 48.8% vs8.5% of cases(P < 0.0001).The only complication noted was post-ercp pancreatitis(PEP),which was observed in 4/84(4.8%) and 2/59(3.4%) patients submitted to PNK and PSC,respectively;the difference between the two procedures was not significant(P = 0.98).An analysis of other consequences of the techniques yielded the following results in the PNK and PCS groups:hyperamylasemia 4 h after the procedure > 80 U/L,41/84 vs 23/59(P = 0.32);hyperamylasemia 4 h after the procedure > 240 U/L,19/84 vs 11/59(P = 0.71);pancreatic pain,13/84 vs 7/59(P = 0.71);endoscopic bleeding,10/84 vs 8/59(P = 0.97);and the need for bleeding control,10/84 vs 7/59(P = 0.79).In the next part of the study,we analyzed the influence of the method chosen on the risk of hyperamylasemia with respect to an indication for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancr     

多学科协助团队在肺结核大咯血救治中的临床价值

目的 评估多学科协助团队(multiple disciplinary team,MDT)在肺结核大咯血患者救治中的临床价值。方法 选择2017—2018年同济大学附属上海市肺科医院收治的所有肺结核并发大咯血患者200例,将2017年96例患者中符合入选标准的82例患者作为对照组,实施常规护理+窒息风险评估+传统救治模式(止血、开放气道、生命体征监护、气管插管、支气管动脉介入手术等);将2018年104例患者中符合纳入标准的97例患者作为观察组,实施常规护理+窒息风险评估+MDT救治模式(组建MTD团队,制定日常及紧急情况会诊、急救流程)。采用SPSS 20.0软件比较两组患者救治成功的时间、咯血再发生率、咯血相关并发症的发生率、住院时间的差异性,采用χ ²检验或t检验、U检验,均以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义结果 实施MDT救治后,观察组患者救治成功的时间[100.0(88.5,119.2)h]、咯血再发生率[2.1%(2/97)]、并发症发生率[3.1%(3/97)]、住院时间[(8.8±2.6)d]均明显低于对照组[分别为268.0(229.3,300.0)h、14.6%(12/82)、13.4%(11/82)、(15.4±4.3)d](U=131.000,P=0.000;χ ²=8.276,P=0.004;χ ²=5.582,P=0.018;t=31.067,P=0.000)。结论 在确保紧急救治的基础上对肺结核并发大咯血患者实施 MDT救治,能明显缩短救治成功的时间和住院时间,降低咯血再发生率,减少咯血相关并发症的发生,可在临床加以推广。     

Evaluation of the IL-2/IL-2R system in patients with liver cirrhosis or carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the interleukin-2/interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2/IL-2R) system in patients with liver cirrhosis or carcinoma, and compare the immune function in those patients. The clinical significance of our results is also discussed. METHODS: Fifty patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 30 normal control subjects were studied. Cellular expression of the interleukin-2 receptor (mIL-2R) was examined by immunofluorescence, and the serum levels of IL-2 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The levels of IL-2 and mIL-2R expression in carcinoma patients were significantly lower than those in both patients with cirrhosis (P < 0.01) and control subjects (P < 0.01). The serum levels of IL-2 and the expression of mIL-2R in patients with cirrhosis were also lower than those in normal control subjects (P < 0.05). The serum levels of sIL-2R in carcinoma patients were significantly higher than those in both cirrhosis patients (P < 0.05) and control subjects (P < 0.01), and the sIL-2R levels in cirrhosis patients were higher than those in control subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with liver cirrhosis or carcinoma both have decreased immune function; however, this decrease is more pronounced in carcinoma patients. Such similarities in immune disturbances may be an important factor affecting the development of carcinoma in a cirrhotic liver.     

TACE联合131I美妥昔单克隆抗体灌注治疗原发性肝癌患者近期疗效研究

目的 探讨经肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)介入术时加入¹³¹I美妥昔单克隆抗体灌注治疗原发性肝癌患者的近期疗效及影响预后的因素。方法 2016年8月～2017年12月我院治疗的原发性肝癌患者84例,被分成对照组42例和观察组42例,分别给予TACE介入术治疗和在TCACE术灌注化疗药物后继续给予¹³¹Ⅰ美妥昔单克隆抗体灌注。术后随访12个月,采用多元Logistics回归分析影响患者预后的危险因素。结果 在治疗后3个月,观察组疾病缓解率和疾病控制率分别为73.8%和90.5%,显著高于对照组的50.0%和73.8%(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为28.6%,与对照组的33.3%比,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,观察组血清甲胎蛋白水平为(418.7±67.3)ng/ml,显著低于对照组【(504.7±71.5)ng/ml,P<0.05】,而血清白蛋白水平为(37.7±3.4)g/L,显著高于对照组【(34.2±3.3)g/L,P<0.05】;在治疗后12个月,观察组死亡7例(16.7%),对照组死亡12例(28.6%,P<0.05);经多元Logistics回归分析,存在门静脉癌栓、肿瘤直径 >5 cm和TNM分期Ⅳ期是导致患者出现不良预后的危险因素(OR=2.354,P=0.027;OR=2.670,P=0.011;OR=3.071,P=0.004)。结论 在采用TACE治疗原发性肝癌患者时,加入¹³¹I美妥昔单克隆抗体灌注有助于提高近期疗效,但对存在门静脉癌栓、肿瘤直径 >5 cm和TNM分期较晚的患者,治疗效果仍较差。     

超声引导下微波消融治疗早期泡型肝包虫病患者疗效初步研究*

目的 探讨采用超声引导下微波消融治疗早期泡型肝包虫病患者的疗效。方法 2018年6月～2019年10月我院诊治的早期泡型肝包虫病患者50例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(n=25例)和观察组(n=25例)。在对照组,采用常规开腹手术,在观察组,采用超声引导下微波消融治疗,术后随访1年。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为92.0%,显著高于对照组的80.0%(P<0.05);术后1 w,观察组血清总胆红素水平为(16.7±1.6)μmol/L,与对照组【(14.2±1.4)μmol/L,P>0.05】比,差异无统计学意义,血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平为(140.8±52.4)U/L,显著低于对照组【(194.7±63.2)U/L,P<0.05】,血清GGT水平为(95.1±10.2)U/L,显著低于对照组【(102.4±11.3)U/L,P<0.05】,而血清ALB水平为(35.7±3.4)g/L,显著高于对照组【(32.9±3.5)g/L,P<0.05】;在随访期间,观察组并发症发生率为4.0%,显著低于对照组的36.0%(P＜0.05)。结论 采用超声引导下微波消融治疗早期泡型肝包虫病患者可获得很好的临床疗效,可显著降低并发症发生率,值得临床进一步研究。     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗原发性肝癌患者应用氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡静脉自控镇痛控制疼痛作用研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术(LH)治疗原发性肝癌(PLC)患者应用氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)控制疼痛的效果。方法 2018年1月～2021年1月我院收治的PLC患者104例,随机分为对照组52例和观察组52例,两组患者均接受LH手术,在对照组,给予舒芬太尼联合纳布啡用于术后PCIA,而在观察组给予氢吗啡酮联合纳布啡用于术后PICA。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价术后疼痛程度,使用流式细胞仪检测外周血T细胞亚群CD3⁺细胞、CD4⁺细胞、CD8⁺细胞和NK细胞百分比。结果 在术后24 h,观察组静态VAS和动态VAS分别为(2.5±0.8)分和(3.7±1.2)分,显著低于对照组【分别为(4.3±1.2)分和(5.8±1.7),P<0.05】,在术后72 h,静态VAS和动态VAS分别为(1.1±0.4)分和(3.2±0.9)分,显著低于对照组【分别为(2.6±0.7)分和(5.1±1.3),P<0.05】;术后,两组肝功能指标变化无显著性差异(P>0.05);在术后7 d,观察组外周血...