急性原发性闭角型青光眼行白内障超声乳化术的临床观察

我们对 15例急性原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者行白内障超声乳化和后房型人工晶状体植入术 ,并对手术前后视力、眼压、周边前房深度、前房角进行了对比观察。对象 :为近两年在我科就诊的急性原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者 ,共 15例 18只眼。其中男 8例 ,女 7例 ;右眼 8例 ,左眼 4例 ,双眼 3例 ;年龄 5 5～ 81岁。所有病例都有典型的急性闭角型青光眼发作史 ,经全身及局部降眼压药物治疗后 ,停药或仅局部用Pilocarpine眼水可维持眼压 <2 1mmHg。各眼晶状体混浊程度不等 ,Ⅱ～Ⅲ级核。方法 :所有病例均于眼压降至正常后行白内障超声…     

高度近视并发白内障、青光眼联合术后迟发性驱逐性出血成功治疗一例

熊××男43岁以左眼白内障青光眼联合术后疼痛、视物不见1周主诉入院。1周前因“双眼原发性开角型青光眼,高度近视,右眼视网膜脱离、无功能”眼在当地医院行左眼白内障青光眼联合术,手术顺利,3小时后突然出现     

原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障超声乳化手术临床观察

目的:探讨原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障超声乳化手术疗效。方法:原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障32眼,其中急性期的28眼行白内障超声乳化手术;慢性期4眼行白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术。结果:术后第1d,9眼出现角膜内皮线状皱折,5眼角膜基质轻度水肿、混浊,2～4d后消退,角膜恢复透明,房水炎症细胞＋～＋＋,经术后抗炎治疗1wk,前房炎症细胞消失;术后1wk随访,急性期的28眼,眼压均在10~20mmHg之间,慢性期4眼,眼压7~9mmHg。术后2wk随访,所有患者眼压均在10~20mmHg之间。所有患者术后视力均得到不同程度的提高。结论:超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障是一种安全、有效、化繁为简的选择,避免了单纯青光眼术后再次行白内障手术的可能。     

Marchesani综合征继发性青光眼1例

患者女31岁教师自幼双眼高度近视,1年前无明显诱因发生双眼胀痛,无头痛、发热、恶心,呕吐.眼压,右眼22.29mmHg,左眼48mmHg.诊断为左眼慢性闭角型青光眼.     

巩膜灼滤联合睫状体扁平部穿刺治疗青光眼

我们于1985年2月至1991年2月曾给26例28只眼原发性闭角型青光眼持续性高眼压患者行巩膜灼滤加睫状体扁平部穿刺,效果良好。本文26例28眼均为原发性闭角型青光眼,其中两眼抗青光眼术后复发,发生原因为滤过泡阻塞所致。其中男性8例,女性18例,年龄45—80岁,右眼17只,左眼11只。经降压药物治疗。眼压仍在4.66kPa(35mmHg)以上。视力光感1眼,眼前手动5眼,数指8眼,0.01—0.1 10眼,0.1—0.4     

先天性小眼球合并青光眼的治疗方法探讨

目的:探讨先天性小眼球合并青光眼的治疗方案。方法:回顾孝感市中心医院眼科1998/2011年先天性小眼球患者10例20眼中7例14眼闭角型青光眼患者的临床资料及治疗方案,随访6～48mo。结果:本组小眼球患者10例20眼中未合并青光眼的3例6眼,眼压正常,未作特殊处理。闭角型青光眼患者7例14眼,初诊眼压22～40mmHg者5眼,>40mmHg者9眼。其中8眼行小梁切除术,术后眼压≤21mmHg者3眼,21～30mmHg者2眼,>30mmHg者1眼,患恶性青光眼者2眼;6眼先行超声乳化摘除晶状体,术后3mo再行小梁切除术,术后眼压≤21mmHg者4眼,21～30mmHg者2眼,未出现恶性青光眼患者。结论:对于先天性小眼球合并闭角型青光眼患者,单纯行青光眼滤过手术容易因恶性青光眼而导致手术失败,眼压无法控制,如果先摘除晶状体,则可降低发生恶性青光眼的风险,提高手术成功率。     

青光眼的眼压及眼脉动幅度比较分析

目的:观察比较慢性闭角型青光眼、原发性开角型青光眼、正常眼压性青光眼以及正常人的眼压,眼脉动幅度特征及其相关性。方法:收集临床确诊为慢性闭角型青光眼患者19例,原发性开角型青光眼18例,正常眼压性青光眼15例,正常人20例,用动态轮廓眼压计测量其眼压及眼脉动幅度,同时测量患者的血压及心率。运用SPSS14.0进行统计学分析。结果:慢性闭角型青光眼组的平均眼压为25.42±9.95mmHg,OPA为3.84±0.88mmHg;原发性开角型青光眼组的平均眼压为23.12±5.47mmHg,OPA为3.29±0.90mmHg;正常眼压性青光眼组的平均眼压为16.52±2.23mmHg,OPA为1.85±0.47mmHg;正常人组的平均眼压为16.31±2.67mmHg,OPA为2.47±0.80mmHg。前两组与后两组之间的眼压存在着显著性差异,四组之间的OPA均存在统计学差异。四组患者的眼压及眼脉动幅度之间存在着弱相关性,但无统计学意义。结论:慢性闭角型青光眼、原发性开角型青光眼及正常眼压性青光眼的OPA之间存在统计学差异,眼压与OPA之间存在弱相关性,但无统计学意义。     

青年原发性闭角型青光眼的临床特征

目的分析青年原发性闭角型青光眼患者的临床特点及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2009年6月至2019年6月山西省眼科医院17~40岁青年原发性闭角型青光眼51例(61眼)的病历资料,随访时间为6个月至2年。结果本研究中男15例(29.41%),女36例(70.59%),男女比例为1∶2.4。包括急性闭角型青光眼21眼(34.43%),慢性闭角型青光眼40眼(65.57%)。急性闭角型青光眼患者术后的视力较慢性闭角性青光眼提高且眼压控制明显。虹膜囊肿和瞳孔阻滞在急性闭角型青光眼中发生率高。晶状体厚度及眼轴长度在急性闭角型青光眼患与慢性闭角型青光眼差异无统计学意义,但前房深度慢性闭角型青光眼患者较浅。46眼(75.41%)行小梁切除术,14眼(22.95%)行抗青光眼联合白内障手术,1眼(1.64%)未行手术。术后并发症有前房积血、低眼压、脉络膜脱离、浅前房及睫状环阻塞性青光眼,多发生在慢性闭角型青光眼术后。结论青年闭角型青光眼因解剖因素在治疗时有其特殊性,急性闭角型青光眼常伴有虹膜囊肿,晶状体比较厚,而慢性闭角型青光眼常因为眼轴短,发病隐匿,术后容易引起并发症,尤其是睫状环阻塞性青光眼,治疗效果较差。     

白内障小切口囊外摘除联合小梁切除治疗PACG合并白内障

目的：观察白内障小切口囊外摘除联合小梁切除术治疗原发性急性、慢性闭角型青光眼的疗效。

方法：急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障23例24眼,慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障11例12眼,进行白内障小切口囊外摘除联合小梁切除术,均一期植入人工晶状体。

结果：术后随访1mo,急性闭角型青光眼组术前平均眼压30.68±7.60mmHg,术后17.83±5.95mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 慢性闭角型青光眼组术前平均眼压29.27±5.55mmHg,术后18.12±1.88mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前、术后两组间平均眼压差异无统计学意义。术后眼压控制良好者(6～21mmHg)者26眼(72%),局部使用抗青光眼药物后眼压控制良好者8眼(22%),总体有效控制率94%,眼压不能控制者(22～30mmHg)2眼(6%); 术后视力提高者32眼(89%),没有发生严重并发症。

结论：白内障小切口囊外摘除联合小梁切除术对于原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)合并白内障的治疗可以有效控制眼压、提高视力,并发症少; 其在控制眼压方面对于原发性急/慢性闭角型青光眼无差异。     

Cairn''''s小梁切除改良术治疗持续性高眼压临床报告

青光眼发作后持续性高眼压,处理方法甚多,均有其优缺点。为此,我们自1992年元月以来,采用Cairns’s,小梁切除改良术治疗本病8例8只眼,取得了较好效果,现报告如下。材料和方法患者8例8只眼,男2例2只眼,女6例6只眼。年龄45—69岁,平均58岁。眼别:右眼6只,左眼2只。青光眼类型:原发性慢性闭角型青光眼6只眼,继发性闭角型青光眼1只眼,混和性青光眼1只眼。术前眼压4.04—7.87kpa(1kpa=7.5mmHg),平均     

青光眼小梁切除术后并发症的临床分析

探讨原发性闭角型青光眼小梁切除术后并发症—浅前房和角膜后弹力层脱离的原因及防治措施。 方法:对160例187眼原发性闭角型青光眼小梁切除术后并发症—浅前房和角膜后弹力层脱离的治疗观察。 结果:患者160例187眼行小梁切除术后发生浅前房33眼,发生率为17.65%,其中1眼发生脉络膜脱离,经保守治疗治愈。在160例小梁切除术中,我科开展了5例6眼术毕向前房内注入适量透明质酸钠以预防术后浅前房,其中1例双眼发生角膜后弹力层脱离,右眼发生广泛后弹力层脱离经前房注气3次治愈,左眼脱离范围小于1/3未做处理。 结论:对于原发性闭角型青光眼小梁切除术时,手术要轻巧,操作要精细,以减少或避免严重并发症的发生     

New Management of Angle—closure Glaucoma by Phacoemulsification with Foldable Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation

Objective: To investigate the management oi angle-closure glaucoma byphacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL)implantation.Design: Retrospective, noncontrolled interventional case series.Participants: In 36 eyes with angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) , there were 18 eyes withprimary acute angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) , 14 eyes with primary chronicangle-closure glaucoma (PCCG) , 3 eyes with secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma(SACG) and 1 eye with secondary chronic angle-closure glaucoma (SCCG).Intervention: Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.Main Outcome Measures: Postoperative visual acuity, IOP, axial anterior chamberdepth.Results: After a mean postoperative follow-up time of 8. 81±7. 45 months, intraocularpressure was reduced from a preoperative mean of 23. 81 ±17. 84 mmHg to apostoperative mean of 12. 54 4. 73 mmHg ( P =0. 001). Mean anterior chamber depthwas 1. 75 ± 0. 48 mm preoperatively and 2. 29 ?0. 38 mm postoperatively     

Diurnal changes of the intraocular pressure of patients with angle-closure glaucoma.

The diurnal curves of 21 patients (40 eyes) with angle-closure glaucoma and of 21 normotensive subjects (42 eyes) were studied. The patients with angle-closure glaucoma had a V-shaped diurnal curve that was completely different from the diurnal curve of the normotensive subjects. Most of the eyes of the patients with angle-closure glaucoma had a diurnal change of the intraocular pressure of 8 mmHg or more, while in the normotensive subjects only 1 eye had a diurnal change as large as 8 mmHg.     

原发性闭角型青光眼高眼压下复合式小梁切除术的疗效

目的：探讨高眼压下原发性闭角型青光眼采用复合式小梁切除术治疗的临床疗效。
　　方法：选取33例34眼原发性闭角型青光眼患者均实行复合式小梁切除术,其中A组：18例18眼患者经联合用药48~72 h后,眼压仍在35 mmHg以上,在高眼压下施行复合式小梁切除术;B组：15例16眼患者经过药物治疗后眼压降至21 mmHg以下,施行复合式小梁切除术。术后观察视力、眼压。
　　结果：患者34眼均顺利完成手术,未发生爆发性脉络膜出血等严重的并发症。术后随访6~18mo,两组患者手术前后视力均有明显改善,分别由术前0.02±0.01、0.04±0.02提高到0.2±0.06、0.3±0.07,差异有统计学意义( P<0.01);30眼眼压均控制在9~23mmHg,3眼联合降眼压药物后眼压控制正常,1眼滤过失败, A、B组患者术后眼压较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),基本降至正常,分别为17.9±9.1、15.4±8.4mmHg,两组患者术后眼压无统计学差异(P>0.05)。
　　结论：对于持续高眼压下的原发性闭角型青光眼,应果断考虑高眼压下施行复合式小梁切除术,以防视功能进一步损害甚至丧失。只要术前全面考虑,术中精心操作,术后仔细护理,持续高眼压下的原发性闭角型青光眼施行复合式小梁切除术是安全、有效的。     

激光虹膜切除术治疗早期原发性闭角型青光眼

目的评价激光虹膜切除术治疗早期原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法对62例（112眼）早期原发性闭角型青光眼按不同类型分为3组，分别行激光虹膜切除术，观察术前及术后1h、1周、3月的眼压、前房深度、前房角等变化情况。结果所有病例治疗后中央及周边前房深度都有不同程度加深。暗室试验阳性组治疗后平均眼压（13．71±2．29）mmHg。且房角未出现关闭。原发性急性闭角型青光眼组治疗后平均眼压（14．69±2．43）mmHg，11．9％的眼出现了15。以内的房角关闭。原发性慢性闭角型青光眼组治疗后平均眼压（23．18±5．66）mmHg，房角关闭增加15。以内5只眼，增加300。600的3眼，共占50．00％。结论激光虹膜切除术是预防和治疗早期闭角型青光眼，保护视功能的一种有效手段。但由于慢性闭角型青光眼发病机制复杂，应通过术前病例的合理选择及术后的密切随访，有效控制术后病情的发展。     

Bilateral phacomorphic angle-closure glaucoma in a highly myopic patient secondary to isolated spherophakia

BackgroundAngle closure most commonly occurs in older hyperopic patients as a result of primary relative pupil block. Less frequently, angle closure occurs in highly myopic patients with conditions other than primary relative pupil block. This report presents the diagnosis, pathophysiologic mechanism, and management of a patient with both high myopia and bilateral advanced phacomorphic angle-closure glaucoma caused by isolated spherophakia.CaseA 40-year-old asymptomatic man with very high myopic astigmatism presented with chronic angle closure and an intraocular pressure of 42 mmHg in both eyes. Additionally there was a nonmyopic fundus and 24-mm axial length, with a clear crystalline lens protruding through the pupillary plane in each eye, confirmed by B-scan ultrasonography. Gonioscopy and A-scan and B-scan ultrasonography identified the pathogenesis of intraocular pressure elevation, angle closure, and high myopia to be lenticular in origin. Initial medical therapy and subsequent laser iridotomy relieved the pupil block angle closure and successfully lowered intraocular pressure.ConclusionAngle closure can occur in highly myopic eyes. Careful gonioscopy and ultrasonography can lead to the correct diagnosis and tailored management for these eyes. Phacomorphic angle-closure glaucoma from spherophakia is associated with Weill-Marchesani syndrome as well as a few other uncommon syndromes. Isolated pseudophakia is a rarely reported cause of phacomorphic angle closure.     

Goniosynechialysis with lens aspiration and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for glaucoma in spherophakia

A 17-year-old girl presented with bilateral angle-closure glaucoma associated with spherophakia. A previous bilateral laser iridotomy failed to control intraocular pressure (IOP). Goniosynechialysis with lens aspiration and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were performed in both eyes. Peripheral iridoplasty was performed 3 days later. The postoperative IOP was controlled without medication for 12 months in the right eye and 24 months in the left eye. By restructuring the physiologic aqueous outflow route, goniosynechialysis safely and effectively treated secondary glaucoma from spherophakia.     

晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入术,治疗白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法本院收治白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼37例(37眼),术前控制眼压,经视力、眼压、前房角镜和裂隙灯显微镜等检查后,均单独采用晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入。结果术后随访6~18个月,视力较术前提高,视力>0.5者20眼,占54.05%,22例术后眼压<18mmHg,另5例用1种降眼压药物眼压控制在18mmHg以下。结论晶状体超声乳化后房人工晶状体植入可有效地治疗合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼。     

Acute angle-closure glaucoma from spontaneous massive hemorrhagic retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To report a case of acute angle-closure glaucoma resulting from spontaneous hemorrhagic retinal detachment. METHODS: An 81-year-old woman visited our emergency room for severe ocular pain and vision loss in her left eye. Her intraocular pressures (IOPs) were 14 mmHg in the right eye and 58 mmHg in the left eye. Her visual acuity was 0.4 in the right eye but she had no light perception in the left eye. The left anterior chamber depth was shallow and gonioscopy of the left eye showed a closed angle. In comparison, the right anterior chamber depth was normal and showed a wide, open angle. Computed tomography and ultrasonography demonstrated retinal detachment due to subretinal hemorrhage. After systemic and topical antiglaucoma medications failed to relieve her intractable severe ocular pain, she underwent enucleation. RESULTS: The ocular pathology specimen showed that a large subretinal hemorrhage caused retinal detachment and pushed displaced the lens-iris diaphragm, resulting in secondary angle-closure glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged anticoagulant therapy may cause hemorrhagic retinal detachment and secondary angle-closure glaucoma. If medical therapy fails to relieve pain or if there is suspicion of an intraocular tumor, enucleation should be considered as a therapeutic option.     

Angle-closure glaucoma in teenagers

OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of angle-closure glaucoma in 2 teenagers. DESIGN: Observational case reports, review of literature. METHODS: Review of case histories, examinations, biometries, visual fields, and ultrasound biomicroscopy findings in 2 teenagers with angle-closure glaucoma. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, Humphrey 24-2 visual field (SITA Standard), and ultrasound biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The first case involved a 15-year-old white male who presented with an intraocular pressure of 60 mm Hg in the right eye and 24 mm Hg in the left eye and 360-degree appositional closure in both eyes. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed prominent bilateral ciliary pigment epithelial cysts pushing the iris anteriorly towards the angle. The second case involved a 14-year-old white male with a strong family history of primary angle-closure glaucoma. The patient had pupillary block and an intraocular pressure of 24 mm Hg in the right eye and 40 mm Hg in the left eye on routine eye examination. Gonioscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed appositional closure of the angle in all 4 quadrants bilaterally. CONCLUSION: Primary angle-closure glaucoma is uncommon in younger individuals. Therefore, the finding of angle-closure glaucoma in a young individual should alert the physician to the possibility of a secondary cause of angle closure, such as iris pigment epithelial cysts. In addition, special attention to family history is important as the configuration of an occludable anterior chamber angle may, in some instances, be inherited.