复杂无晶状体眼的二期后房型人工晶状体植入术

目的：探讨复杂无晶状体眼的二期后房型人工晶状体植入术的方法和效果。方法：对46例53只眼伴有不同程度眼前段结构紊乱、前房玻璃体疝、后囊膜缺损、玻璃体切除术后的复杂无晶状体眼患者，联合行眼前段重建、前段玻璃体切除、人工晶状体缝线固定等术式及二期植入后房型人工晶状体。术后随访5～18个月。结果：术后裸眼视力均达到或优于术前矫正视力，其中术后裸眼视力≥0．3者45只眼(84．9％)。术后瞳孔圆者42只眼，人工晶状体正位者48只眼，4只眼稍偏位，仅1只眼人工晶状体倾斜。结论：复杂无晶状体眼的二期后房型人工晶状体植入术可取得满意效果，熟练的操作技巧和使用高质量粘弹剂是手术成功的关键。     

儿童人工晶状体二期植入术

目的探讨人工晶状体（IOL）二期植入术矫正儿童无晶状体眼的疗效和手术适应证。方法对37例（57眼）后囊和悬韧带完整或仅中央区后囊缺损的儿童无晶状体眼,二期植入人工晶状体,术后随访3～54个月。结果术后裸眼视力均等于或高于术前矫正视力,其中术后裸眼视力≥0．5者30眼（52．63％）,术后矫正视力≥0．5者45眼（78．95％）。并发症包括虹膜后粘连9眼（15．79％）,前房渗出物7眼（12．28％）,人工品状体偏位2眼（3．51％）。结论对于尚存完整或部分后囊支撑的无晶状体眼进行前后囊软性分离,注吸周边增生的皮质,虹膜粘连分离,后囊切开,前段玻璃体切除,再植入人工晶状体,可改善患儿视功能。     

人工晶状体二期植入术

目的探讨人工晶状体二期植入术各种术式的适应证。方法对无晶状体60眼根据不同眼前段情况采用前房型、后房型及三线悬吊式3种术式。结果前房组矫正视力≥0．5者，术前占82．8％，术后占69％，另两组手术前后水平一致。主要并发症：前房组为角膜失代偿1例，继发性青光眼2例，晶状体上移位3例，囊样黄斑水肿1例。另两组无明显并发症。结论人工晶状体二期植入术后房型最安全，三线悬吊式可作为既无后囊支撑、又无虹膜支撑时的手术方法。     

眼外伤晶状体玻璃体切除术后二期IOL植入术

目的 探讨复杂性眼外伤玻璃体切除术后无晶状体眼二期人工晶状体植入术临床疗效，评估手术的可行性及安全性。方法 手术31例(31眼)，术后随访3～20月，观察视力、散光度、眼压及并发症：结果 30眼术后裸眼视力均达到或接近术前矫正视力：后房型人工晶状体睫状沟植入7眼中视力≥0．5者占28．57％，后房型人工晶状体透巩膜睫状沟缝线固定术18眼中视力≥0.5者占22．22％，虹膜型人工晶状体植入术6眼中视力≥0．5者占33．33％：1眼视力下降。结论 复杂性眼外伤行玻璃体切除术后二期人工晶状体植入，经过术前病例的选择，术中采用眼内灌注，适宜的人工晶状体植入，可获得较好的视力。     

外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术的时机和方式

目的 探讨外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术的效果及术式选择。方法 29例(29眼)外伤性白内障，一期植入后房型人工晶状体23眼，手术距外伤时间3～16小时。二期植入后房型人工晶状体6眼，手术距外伤时间3月～6年。结果 术后矫正视力达0．5以上者65．2％，手术均无严重并发症，最佳视力达0．8。结论 选择适当的手术时机和手术方式，可使外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术达到较好效果。     

无缝线切口二期后房型人工晶状体植入术疗效观察

目的评价无缝线切口二期后房型人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法对 ２２眼无晶状体眼患者分别采用３．５ ｍｍ（Ａ组 １０眼）及 ５．５ ｍｍ（Ｂ组 １２眼）的反眉状巩膜隧道切口，二期植入 ６ ｍｍ折叠式丙烯酸脂类及一体式 ＰＭＭＡ后房型人工晶状体，并与同期 １２眼６ ｍｍ常规角膜缘切口（Ｃ组），二期 ６ ｍｍ一体式 ＰＭＭＡ后房型人工晶状体植人对比。结果随访 ３～１５个月，无缝线切口组术后矫正视力均优于及等于术前最佳矫正视力，其中≥０．５者 Ａ组 ９眼（９０％），Ｂ组 ９眼（７５％）。缝线切口组，术后矫正视力优于及等于术前最佳矫正视力１０眼（８３． ５％）， ≥０．５者７眼（５８．３％）。结论采用无缝线切口二期后房型人工晶状体植人可明显降低角膜散光，减轻术后炎症反应及增加手术的安全性，是矫正无晶状体眼屈光不正的一种较理想的方法。     

儿童后房型人工晶状体二期植入临床分析

目的 总结后房型人工晶状体二期植入矫正儿童无晶状体眼的疗效，探讨儿童二期人工晶状体植入术。方法 对４０只儿童无晶状体眼，在充分离虹膜与后囊膜的粘连，形成开放的后房间隙后，根据后囊膜完整与否，采用不同术式植入式后房型人工晶状体。结果 随访１～２０ｍｏ，平均１３．８５ｍｏ，裸眼视力均等于术前矫正视力，其中，裸眼视力高于术前矫正视力者２３眼（５７．５％），矫正视力高于术前矫正视力者３３眼（８２．５％），     

外伤性白内障二期前房型人工晶状体植入

目的 探讨外伤性白内障二期植入弹性开放襻前房型人工晶状体的效果和安全性。方法 28例28眼外伤性白内障行二期弹性开放襻前房型人工晶状体植入联合周边虹膜切除术。术后随访3月以上。结果 术后3月裸眼视力≥0．5者20眼(71．4％)，达到术前最佳矫正视力者24眼(85．7％)。术后常见并发症为角膜水肿、葡萄膜炎和眼压升高。结论 外伤性白内障二期植入弹性开放襻前房型人工晶状体是一种简便、安全、有效的方法。     

外伤性白内障人工晶状体植入术时机的选择

目的：探讨外伤性白内障手术时机的选择。方法：21例单眼外伤性白内障，一期植入后房型人工晶状体19眼，二期植入后房型人工晶状体2眼，手术距外伤时间6小时－3年。结果：术后矫正视力0．5以上者达63．2％，术后并发症中后囊浑浊4眼（19％），玻璃体浑浊3眼（14．3％），虹膜后粘连2眼（9．5％），人工晶状体偏位2眼（9．5％），结论：正确把握外伤性白内障的手术时机和术式选择，可减少术中术后的并发症，提高手术的成功率和手术质量。     

玻璃体切除术后无晶状体眼二期前房型人工晶状体植入术

目的：总结54例玻璃体切除后无晶状体眼二期前房型人工晶状体植入术的临床方法和疗效。方法：分别采用传统角巩膜缘切口（31只眼）和巩膜隧切口（23只眼）行二期前房型人工晶状体植入术。术后随访时间3－21个月。结果：54例患者术后裸眼视力均达到或接近术前矫正视力,其中术后裸眼视力＞1．0者11只眼,术后矫正视力＞1．0者16只眼。采用巩膜隧道切口行二期前房型人工晶状体植入术,手术过程平稳;与传统角巩膜切口比较,术中眼压维持稳定．,术后手术性角膜散光度较小。结论：采用传统角巩膜缘切口和巩膜隧道切口行二期前房型人工晶状体植入术,手术效果均良好,两种手术切口比较,以巩膜隧道切口行二期前房型人工晶状体植入术更加安全,可靠、有效。     

外伤性白内障手术的疗效分析

目的：评价外伤性白内障的手术效果。方法：对56例（58眼）各种原因所致的外伤性白内障施行手术治疗,其中44眼行现代白内障囊外摘出或超声乳化术,同时一期后房人工晶状体植入;5眼二期后房人工晶状体植入;6眼前房人工晶状体植入;3眼人工晶状体缝线固定术。结果：术后视力0.4－1.0者39眼占67.2％,并发症主要为后囊破裂玻璃体脱出、角膜水肿、人工晶状体前膜及后发障。结论：外伤性白内障虽病情复杂,并发症较多,但通过精细手术和术前术后的合理治疗仍可获得满意疗效。     

Secondary intraocular lens implantation in aphakia.

We retrospectively studied secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 165 aphakic patients (162 eyes) from May 1983 to August 1989. Seventy-five eyes (46.3%) had secondary IOL implantation; these included seven cases of trans-sulcus scleral fixation of the posterior chamber lens. The remaining 87 eyes could not have secondary IOL implantation because of the ocular conditions. The most common reason for secondary implantation was to relieve the discomfort caused by spectacles or contact lenses (56.2%). An anterior chamber lens was used in 43 eyes (57.3%) and a posterior chamber lens in 32 eyes (42.7%). Final postoperative visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 92.0% of the eyes with posterior chamber lenses, in 71.4% of the eyes with anterior chamber lenses, and in 57.1% of the eyes with scleral-fixated posterior chamber lenses. Endothelial cell loss was greater in the eyes with anterior chamber lenses than in the eyes with posterior chamber lenses. Of the cases that could be followed, 83.3% showed endothelial cell loss of less than 30% at six months postoperatively. Postoperative complications such as cystoid macular edema, persistent fibrinous membrane formation, and neovascular glaucoma occurred in only ten (13.3%) of the 75 eyes that had secondary implantation. These complications occurred more frequently in eyes that had anterior chamber lenses with anterior vitrectomy. There were no noticeable complications in the eyes that had trans-sulcus scleral fixation of posterior chamber lenses. Updrawn pupil, prolapsed vitreous, and peripheral anterior synechia were common conditions preventing secondary IOL implantation.     

玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼行前房灌注下Ⅱ期IOL缝线固定术

目的：探讨前房灌注下玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼Ⅱ期人工晶状体(IOL)缝线固定术的方法及疗效。

方法：对30例30眼玻璃体切割术后6～12mo无晶状体眼的患者行前房灌注下后房人工晶状体缝线固定术,术后随访1.5a。

结果：患者30例30眼在前房灌注下,成功实施了后房缝线固定IOL植入术,术中出现睫状体出血1例,术后玻璃体出血1例,脉络膜脱离2例。所有患者术后视力均得到提高,视力≥0.3者24例(80%),其中视力≥0.5者8例(27%); 视力<0.3者6例(20%),其中视力<0.1者2例(7%)。

结论：前房灌注下行此类手术,术中眼压控制稳定,手术效果可靠,术后并发症少,是治疗玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼、恢复视功能的可靠手术方法。     

Late dislocation of an anterior chamber intraocular lens into the vitreous

We report the case of a patient with dislocation of an anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) into the vitreous, 5 years after surgery. The cause of the dislocation may have been the size of the pupil and habitual eye rubbing. This case report describes a rare complication of AC IOL implantation in eyes of previous iris lesions or pupil abnormalities. This complication should be kept in mind when an AC IOL implantation is planned for the correction of aphakia.     

复杂外伤性白内障的手术治疗

目的探讨复杂外伤性白内障手术的最佳时机、手术方法及临床效果。方法对41例（41眼）复杂外伤性白内障进行回顾性研究,分析术前B型超声像图特征,根据术中眼内情况比较两者的一致性;观察术后视力和并发症,并探讨影响术后视力恢复的相关因素。结果各种合并损伤术前B超检查符合率分别为：玻璃体浑浊100.00%,视网膜脱离88.89%,眼内异物81.82%,晶状体脱位80.00%,脉络膜脱离50.00%。术后视力〈0.05者3眼,0.05～0.25者13眼,0.3～0.5者18眼,0.6～1.0者7眼。角膜瞳孔区瘢痕、严重散光、继发性青光眼、虹膜缺损、瞳孔变形移位、瞳孔前膜、晶状体后囊浑浊是影响术后视力恢复的危险因素（P=0.00,0.01,0.02,0.02,0.01,0.00,0.02）。术后并发症主要有明显葡萄膜炎症反应者20眼、角膜水肿24眼、瞳孔前膜5眼、晶状体后囊浑浊12眼、人工晶状体移位2眼。结论复杂外伤性白内障选择手术时机及采取适当的手术方式,可取得很好的疗效,而术前B超检查为手术的选择提供良好的依据。     

Retinal detachment after cataract surgery. Surgical results.

The authors studied the results obtained by the Retina Associates in 376 eyes of 361 patients operated on for retinal detachment associated with aphakia or pseudophakia with a postoperative follow-up of at least 6 months. All eyes underwent scleral buckling. The series included 103 eyes with aphakia, 17 eyes with iris-fixated intraocular lens, 111 eyes with anterior chamber (AC) IOL, and 145 eyes with posterior chamber (PC) IOL. The overall success rate for retinal detachment was 93%, without significant difference among the different groups. The aphakia and PC IOL groups had significantly higher prevalence (63% and 60%, respectively) of visual acuity equal to or better than 20/40 compared with the AC IOL group (33%). The prevalence of postoperative corneal edema in the AC IOL group was significantly higher than in the aphakia and PC IOL groups. Preoperative vitreous hemorrhage, large retinal breaks, posterior retinal breaks, total retinal detachment, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and the need for performing a closed vitrectomy were significant factors in predicting ultimate failure.     

Implantation of a black diaphragm intraocular lens for traumatic aniridia.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the suitability and safety of a black diaphragm posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom. METHODS: Seven patients who had secondary implantation of a Morcher 67G black diaphragm posterior chamber IOL were identified. All patients were men with a mean age of 42 years who had previous ocular trauma resulting in extensive loss of iris tissue (traumatic aniridia). Simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty was performed in 4 cases. Minimum follow-up was 10 months (mean 19 months). RESULTS: Best corrected visual acuity improved in 5 cases and was unchanged in 1 case. The lens was well centered in 5 cases. Two cases developed secondary glaucoma, 1 requiring trabeculectomy. One case developed infective endophthalmitis but had a visual acuity of 6/18 at last follow-up, and 1 had a vitreous and anterior chamber hemorrhage, which resolved. CONCLUSIONS: The black diaphragm posterior chamber IOL overcame aphakia in eyes with considerable loss of iris tissue and may mitigate the visually disabling effects of traumatic aniridia. Although this lens appears safe, caution should be used in its implantation until more patients with longer follow-up are studied.     

曲安奈德前房内注射在外伤性白内障术中的应用

目的:探讨前房内注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide,TA)在外伤性白内障术中的安全性和有效性.方法:收集2013-01/2016-05的31例31眼外伤性白内障患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术,术中联合前房内注入TA,以帮助辨识是否有玻璃体脱出以及玻璃体所在位置.13例13眼被证实后囊膜完整,无玻璃体脱入前房患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除手术.18例18眼被证实伴有后囊膜破裂,玻璃体脱出患者行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合前部玻璃体切除手术.术后随访6~12 mo.结果:所有病例均顺利完成手术.Ⅱ期角膜穿通伤患者均顺利植入人工晶状体.18例前房内注入TA证实伴有后囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱出者,在TA辅助下,明显改善了术中玻璃体皮质的辨识度,均彻底切除了前房的玻璃体.术后随访28例患者术后最佳矫正视力大于4.5.所有患者术后眼内炎症反应轻微,均未出现持续1 wk以上的高眼压及角膜水肿,人工晶状体位置居中,瞳孔位置居中.结论:曲安奈德前房内注射使得外伤性白内障手术更安全,术中后囊破裂及玻璃体脱出的处理更容易,同时可以抑制术后炎症反应.     

外伤性白内障后囊破裂人工晶体植入的手术方式选择

目的探讨外伤性白内障晶体后囊不存在时,采用前房型人工晶体植入,抑或后房型人工晶体巩膜缝线固定术。方法外伤性白内障患者８６例（８６只眼）,其中前房型人工晶体（新型弹性开放襻）植入５６例,Ⅰ期植入２９例,Ⅱ期植入２７例;后房型人工晶体巩膜缝线固定（大Ｃ型襻,两根缝线睫状沟固定）３０例,Ⅰ期植入１４例,Ⅱ期植入１６例。结果术后随访１～４２个月。矫正视力≥０．５者,前房型人工晶体组４０例,占７１．４％;缝线固定组２７例,占９０．０％。矫正视力≥１．０者,前房型人工晶体组２２例,占３９．３％;缝线固定组１４例,占４６．７％。结论新型前房型人工晶体植入和后房型人工晶体巩膜缝线固定术均不失为常规后房型人工晶体植入失败的补救措施,但前房型人工晶体适用于年龄较大、眼前段（角膜、虹膜和前房角）条件较好,而眼后段（玻璃体、视网膜）条件较差者;后房型人工晶体巩膜缝线固定术则适用于年龄较小、眼前段条件较差而眼后段条件较好者。