伴发鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者外周血中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数特点及其与临床指标的相关性

目的 探讨伴发鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者外周血中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数特点,分析其与临床指标的相关性。方法 选择2017年3月至2019年3月于合肥市第三人民医院住院治疗的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者（CRS）患者40例,按是否伴发鼻息肉分为伴息肉的观察组18例,不伴息肉的对照组22例,比较两组患者的特征性临床表现、VAS得分、鼻内镜及鼻窦CT检查评分、患者患处黏膜内炎性细胞计数以及外周血中性粒和嗜酸性粒细胞计数的差异,并分析外周血中性粒和嗜酸性粒细胞计数与部分临床指标的相关性。结果 观察组患者在鼻塞的严重程度、鼻内镜检查结果评分、鼻窦CT检查结果评分、患处黏膜内嗜酸性粒细胞计数以及外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数与CT检查评分值及鼻内镜检查评分值均呈正相关（r=0.611、0.852,P均<0.05）,外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数和黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞计数也呈正相关（r=0.911,P<0.05）。结论 CRS伴息肉患者鼻塞程度较严重,外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数较高,且患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数与患者疾病严重程度有一定的相关性。     

嗜酸性粒细胞性和非嗜酸性粒细胞性的慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉部分临床对比研究

【目的】探讨嗜酸性粒细胞性和非嗜酸性粒细胞性伴鼻息肉慢性鼻鼻窦炎的临床特点。【方法】回顾性分析76例慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者,根据外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增高及鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞含量,将其分为嗜酸性粒细胞组和非嗜酸性粒细胞组,比较两组症状VAS评分、鼻息肉主观评分、鼻窦CT Lund-MacKay评分、嗅觉功能、鼻阻力、血清总IgE等指标间的差异。【结果】76例患者中,非嗜酸性组45例,嗜酸性组31例。非嗜酸性粒细胞组鼻息肉在临床病例中占59.2%;两组间症状VAS评分和鼻息肉主观评分无显著性差异（t=0.87,P=0.40;t=0.58,P=0.64）。鼻窦CT的Lund-MacKay评分,嗜酸性组的筛窦病变程度较非嗜酸性组严重,存在显著性差异（t=2.11,P=0.03）,而其余各鼻窦及OMC区均无显著性差异。两组间嗅觉功能以及双侧鼻腔总阻力亦无显著性差异（t=0.15,P=0.88;t=0.57,P=0.61）。【结论】嗜酸性粒细胞升高在慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉的发病中不起主导作用,对临床症状、鼻息肉大小、嗅觉功能和鼻阻力等方面没有显著影响,但可能与筛窦的病变程度存在一定相关性。     

鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的疗效评价

目的探讨经鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的疗效量化评价效果。方法收集我院2009年4月至2010年3月共156例经鼻内窥镜手术的慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉患者资料,对治疗疗效进行量化评价。结果 156例患者手术过程顺利,术后发生并发症5例,其中眶内血肿2例,术后出血3例,出血量约100～500ml不等,均在术后3d内止血,无其他严重并发症。根据1997年海口会议标准评价：治愈109例,好转29例,无效18例,有效率为88.5%。根据2009年中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会鼻科学组推荐评估,经术后3～12个月复诊评价：（1）鼻塞症状的VAS评分为（2.1±0.3）分,黏性、脓性鼻涕的VAS评分为（1.2±0.2）分,均较术前显著下降（P〈0.05）。（2）鼻内镜检查评分3个月、6个月、12个月分别为（2.4±0.3）分、（1.7±0.2）分和（0.8±0.2）分,鼻窦CT扫描量化评分（2.8±0.3）分,均较术前显著下降（P〈0.05）。结论鼻内窥镜手术是治疗慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉的有效方法,并发症发生率低,采用新的疗效量化评价指标更加准确实用。     

影响鼻内窥镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎效果的相关因素分析

目的分析影响鼻内窥镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎效果的相关因素。方法收集205例行鼻内窥镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分析影响预后的相关因素。结果术后12个月时Lund-Kennedy评分较术前评分降低明显（P〈0.05）,治愈率为76.10%;单因素分析显示,慢性鼻窦炎临床分型为I型,术前未合并鼻中隔偏曲、鼻息肉、变应性鼻炎,术前未长期使用鼻减充血剂,术后坚持应用糖皮质激素及抗生素治疗〉3个月是影响鼻内窥镜手术治疗效果的有利因素（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论慢性鼻窦炎患者术前有无合并鼻中隔偏曲、鼻息肉、变应性鼻炎,是否长期使用鼻减充血剂,术后是否坚持采取综合措施治疗等是影响鼻内窥镜手术治疗的相关因素。     

鼻内镜联合普米克令舒经鼻雾化治疗慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉的临床研究

目的：探讨鼻内镜联合普米克令舒经鼻雾化治疗方案在慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者中的应用效果。方法：将本院收治的100例慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,各50例,对照组采用普米克令舒喷鼻治疗,观察组鼻内镜联合普米克令舒经鼻雾化治疗,对比两组治疗后的临床疗效。结果：两组治疗后的鼻部症状视觉模拟评分（VAS）、鼻内镜下息肉Lurid-Kennedy评分均明显下降,观察组治疗后的鼻部症状VAS、鼻内镜下息肉Lurid-Kennedy评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组治疗后的血清皮质醇浓度明显降低,而对照组治疗前后的血清皮质醇浓度对比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：采用鼻内镜联合普米克令舒经鼻雾化治疗慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者,可有效促进鼻部症状的改善,减少鼻息肉体积,减轻对肾上腺皮质功能的影响,具备较高的应用价值。     

内窥镜微创手术治疗鼻息肉临床研究

目的考察治疗鼻-鼻窦炎、鼻息肉的治疗方法及疗效。方法患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,全部患者均采用功能性鼻内窥镜手术治疗,治疗组加用中药通窍置换液行鼻窦置换。结果 2组治愈率为84.9%和53.62%,总有效率分别为98.5%和92.7%。χ2比较比较治愈率有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,总有效率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论加用中药可以提高功能性鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻-鼻窦炎、鼻息肉临床疗效,但其治疗机理有待进一步明确。     

鼻内糖皮质激素局部应用在鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻息肉的疗效分析

目的探讨鼻息肉鼻内窥镜手术前后应用鼻内糖皮质激素与否对患者疗效的差别。方法将本院80例因鼻息肉接受鼻内窥镜手术患者随机分为两组：实验组（术前、术后应用鼻内糖皮质激素喷鼻）,对照组（术后应用鼻腔护理液喷鼻）。观察比较两组鼻息肉患者术中情况、术后临床症状及复发情况,探讨鼻内糖皮质激素对鼻息肉鼻内窥镜手术治疗效果的影响。结果术前、术后应用鼻内糖皮质激素与不用激素的患者相比,手术进程加快,疗效提高,患者复发率降低,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论术前、术后应用鼻内糖皮质激素喷鼻,能较好控制临床症状,提高治愈率,使复发延缓,并降低复发率,能有效提高鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻息肉的效果。     

鼻内窥镜术后雾化吸入辅佐治疗的临床意义

目的探讨鼻雾化吸入对鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术（ESS）后术腔疗效的影响。方法对行鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术的慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉Ⅰ型Ⅱ期和Ⅱ型Ⅱ期共240例患者随机分为两组,即治疗组和对照组。两组均静脉应用抗生素,清理鼻腔,使用滴鼻荆,治疗组加鼻雾化吸入。随访6个月,按照海口（1997）ESS疗效标准评估。结果治疗组疗效优于对照组,经χ^2检验（P〈0．01）差异有显著意义。结论鼻内窥镜术后雾化吸入能起到提高治愈率、缩短病程,经济,痛苦少,易于患者接受。     

通窍汤治疗变应性鼻炎31例疗效观察

目的:探讨通窍汤冲洗鼻腔在变应性鼻炎(AR)治疗中的意义,比较通窍汤冲洗鼻腔及鼻用激素治疗对AR患者鼻部症状的影响。方法:将62例AR病例随机分为2组。对照组使用鼻用激素治疗,治疗组使用通窍汤冲洗鼻腔。观察两组治疗前、治疗3个月后鼻部症状视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数。结果:治疗后2组患者VAS值和EOS计数均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05)。治疗后治疗组VAS评分明显低于对照组,2组间EOS计数比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通窍汤冲洗鼻腔能有效改善AR患者的鼻部症状,提高患者的生活质量,且在改善AR局部及全身症状方面疗效优于局部应用激素。     

不同的评估指标在鼻咽癌放疗后慢性鼻-鼻窦炎治疗方案选择和疗效评估中的价值

目的探讨不同病情评估方法在鼻咽癌放疗后慢性鼻窦炎（CRS）选择个性化治疗方案及疗效评估中的价值。方法将98例鼻咽癌放疗后CRS分成3组：经保守治疗（组1）、经上颌窦自然口扩大（组2）及联合下鼻道开窗（组3）为特征的鼻内镜手术治疗,分析治疗前后视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、鼻窦CTLund—Mackay评分、鼻内镜检查Lund—Kennedy评分等完整的主观、客观评价指标的特点。结果在症状的VAS评估中,保守治疗仅黏脓性鼻涕评分有统计学意义,手术治疗另有面部胀痛评分治疗前后差异有统计学意义,联合下鼻道开窗组优于单纯上颌窦自然口扩大组。保守治疗对上颌窦炎及蝶窦炎控制较差,手术对各鼻窦炎控制率较好,联合下鼻道开窗对上颌窦炎的控制优于单纯上颌窦自然口扩大。Lund—Mackay与Lund—Kennedy评分在保守治疗前后差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;Lund—Mackay评分在每组手术治疗前后、治疗后两组间及保守组与手术组治疗后的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而Lund—Kennedy评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论①黏脓性鼻涕、面部胀痛这两项VAS评分较高的患者宜选择以上颌窦自然口扩大联合下鼻道开窗术为主的综合治疗方案;②在对治疗前病变范围的评估和手术疗效的判断上,Lund—Mackay评分更能真实反映放疗后CRS的控制情况。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.