糖尿病患者的白内障超声乳化术

目的探讨糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入手术的疗效及安全性。方法对87例（135眼）糖尿病患者行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术，以80例（133眼）非糖尿病患者老年性白内障作对照组。结果术后视力〉0、5，糖尿病组合并视网膜病变者15眼，占41、7％，未合并视网膜病变者89眼，占89．9％；非糖尿病组124眼，占93．2％。糖尿病组未合并视网膜病变者与非糖尿病组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；合并视网膜病变者与非糖尿病组差异有非常显著性（P〈0．01）。对合并视网膜病变者大部分于术后3周～2个月进行激光治疗，随访3～12个月，全部保存了有用视力。结论对糖尿病患者施行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植人手术是安全的，手术可提高视力，更重要的是有利于眼底观察，为及时治疗视网膜的病变提供了条件。     

糖尿病性白内障与老年性白内障行超声乳化术后视力分析

目的:分析糖尿病性白内障患者与老年性白内障患者行超声乳化手术后两者视力不同的原因。方法:分别于术后1,2wk;3,6mo,对60眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术的糖尿病性白内障患者(糖尿病组),以及60眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术的老年性白内障患者(非糖尿病组)的手术眼行荧光眼底血管造影(FFA)检查。结果:超声乳化白内障吸除术后,非糖尿病组与糖尿病组视力改善有显著性差异。糖尿病组黄斑水肿的发生率明显高于非糖尿病组。结论:糖尿病性白内障患者行超声乳化吸除术后的黄斑水肿及因糖尿病所造成的糖尿病视网膜病变是影响术后视力的主要原因。     

抗青光眼术后白内障行超声乳化术的前房炎症反应临床研究

目的观察抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶体植入术后的前房炎症反应及其对眼压和视功能的影响。方法对40例(62眼)老年性白内障及40例(50眼)抗青光眼术后白内障患者(15眼无瞳孔粘连35眼有瞳孔粘连,开角型青光眼2例4眼,慢性闭角型青光眼17例29眼,急性闭角型青光眼11例17眼),应用激光闪光细胞检测仪(Laserflarecellmeter,LFCM)测量并比较超声乳化白内障吸除并人工晶体植入术前及术后1天、7天、30天及90天房水的平均闪辉值并观察术前后的眼压、视力及滤过泡情况。结果术前,老年性白内障及抗青光眼术后白内障患者房水的平均闪辉值无明显差别。各组术后1天、7天及30天的房水蛋白浓度均较术前为主,并有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后90天时,老年性白内障患者与术前无显著性差别,而抗青光眼术后白内障患者仍高于术前水平,并有显著性差异(P<0.05)。术后1天,无瞳孔粘连眼与有瞳孔粘连组差异有显著性。两组术后视力均明显提高,眼压控制稳定,青光眼组术后眼压下降,与术前有显著性差别。结论抗青光眼术后白内障手术后眼血-房水屏障功能破坏,炎症反应重,恢复需要更长的时间,但手术具有安全性,术后视功能及眼压恢复理想,且能进一步降低青光眼的眼压。     

高度近视眼伴严重视网膜脉络膜病变患者白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术的疗效分析

目的 分析白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶体植入术治疗高度近视伴严重视网膜脉络膜病变的白内障患者的疗效。方法 对63例（63眼）高度近视伴严重视网膜脉络膜病变的白内障患者行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶体植入术，平均年龄68岁，术前矫正视力光感～0．1，平均近视度数-12．4D，平均植入人工晶体度数＋2．77D。结果 除1眼术后视力未提高外，其余眼术后视力均有不同程度提高，术后视力≥0．1者占74．6％，≥0．3者占27％，末见视网膜裂孔和视网膜脱离等并发症。结论 超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶体植入术可在一定程度上提高高度近视伴严重视网膜脉络膜病变的白内障患者的视力，提高患者的生活质量，术中切忌追求速度和操作粗暴。     

糖尿病患者白内障行超声乳化人工晶状体植入

目的 探讨糖尿病患者白内障行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入手术的效果及安全性.方法 对92例(142眼)糖尿病患者白内障行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,以90例(140眼)非糖尿病患者老年性白内障作对照组.术前已合并糖尿病性视网膜病变者39眼,其中32眼于术后3周～2个月进行了视网膜激光光凝治疗,随访3～12个月.结果 术后3个月视力≥0.5者,糖尿病组合并视网膜病变者16眼,占41.03％ (16/39),未合并视网膜病变者93眼,占90.29％(93/103);非糖尿病组130眼,占92.86％.糖尿病组未合并视网膜病变者与非糖尿病组差异无统计学意义(x2 =6.08,P＞0.05);合并视网膜病变者与非糖尿病组差异有统计学意义(x2=56.56,P＜0.01).结论 对糖尿病患者的白内障施行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入手术是安全的,术后可以提高视力,更重要的是有利于观察眼底,为及时治疗视网膜的病变提供了条件.     

超声乳化白内障吸除术对血-房水屏障功能的影响

目的　观察小切口超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术及相关因素对血 房水屏障功能的影响。方法　使用激光蛋白细胞检测仪对 60例 (64只眼 )白内障患者超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术前、后的房水蛋白浓度进行定量检测 ,记录并比较闪光值。术后随访时间为 3个月。结果　超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术前 ,术后 1d、1周、1个月及 3个月术眼房水的平均闪光值分别为 (6 94± 0 3 4 )、(2 6 2 7± 1 3 7)、(13 96± 1 0 5)、(9 0 7± 0 43 )及 (7 16± 0 2 7)光粒子数 /ms ,其中术后 1d、1周及 1个月高于术前 ,且差异均有显著意义 (P <0 0 5) ;术后 3个月与术前比较 ,差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5)。术后早期术眼房水蛋白浓度与患者年龄呈正相关 (r =0 40 0 ,P =0 0 0 1) ,与患者的性别和眼别均无相关。术中虹膜脱出者术后 1d和 1周血 房水屏障功能破坏严重。结论　超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术在术后短期内影响术眼的血 房水屏障功能 ;激光蛋白细胞检测仪可动态评价超声乳化白内障吸除术对血 房水屏障功能的影响。 (中华眼科杂志 ,2 0 0 4,40 :2 6 2 9)     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入治疗伴有糖尿病的老年性白内障

目的：探讨伴有糖尿病的老年性白内障患者采用超声乳化白内障摘除(以下简称超乳) 人工晶状体(IOL)植入手术的方法，并总结治疗效果。方法：随机选取超乳 IOL植入手术治疗伴有糖尿病的老年性白内障患者77例(97只眼)进行回顾性研究，包括手术方法、术后矫正视力与糖尿病病程的关系、低视力原因及手术并发症等。结果：术后矫正视力0.5以上者占81.44％，其中1.0以上者占51.55％，小于0.3者占6.18％，视力好坏与糖尿病病程有一定的关系。糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)为术后低视力的主要原因。结论：对伴有糖尿病的老年性白内障患者，术前有效地控制血糖，在糖尿病视网膜病变稳定的情况下行超声乳化白内障吸除术，既可减少手术并发症，亦能提高术后视力。有效改善糖尿病患者的生活质量。     

视网膜振荡电位对糖尿病患者白内障术后视力的预测

目的 :对伴发糖尿病的白内障患者 ,于白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术前行视网膜电图振荡电位测定 ,以便对患者术后的视力进行预后评估。方法 :对伴发糖尿病的白内障 5 0例 (5 0只眼 )患者在白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术前行视网膜电图振荡电位测定 ,与术后眼底所见、术后的视力及糖尿病病程进行比较分析。结果 :术前OPs的振幅总和与术后眼底糖尿病视网膜病变程度、糖尿病病程相关 ;术前OPs的振幅总和与白内障术后视力改变明显相关。结论 :糖尿病患者白内障术前行视网膜电图振荡电位测定有助于对患者术后的视力进行预后评估。     

肝素修饰人工晶体植入在抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化术中的应用

目的观察肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体植入对抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸除术后前房炎症反应的影响。方法对60例(88眼)抗青光眼术后白内障患者施行超声乳化吸除术,所有病例随机植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体或蓝光滤过折叠型人工晶体。应用激光闪光细胞检测仪(Laserflarecellmeter,LFCM)测量并比较术前及术后1天、7天、30天及90天房水的平均闪辉值,以评价前房炎症反应。并观察术前后的视力、眼压及滤过泡和角膜内皮计数情况。结果(1)术前,二组患者房水闪辉值没有显著性差异,植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体者,手术后7天内的房水闪辉值均明显低于蓝光滤过折叠型人工晶体植入组,而术后30、90天时两种人工晶体植入者之间差异无显著性。两组术后视力均明显提高,眼压控制稳定,角膜内皮功能正常。结论抗青光眼术后白内障手术后眼血-房水屏障功能受损,植入肝素表面修饰折叠型人工晶体能显著减轻白内障术后短期内的炎症反应,增加了手术安全性。     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术疗效分析

目的　研究糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术的疗效及并发症。方法　对 2 0 0 1年 3月～ 2 0 0 2年 8月期间明确诊断为糖尿病的白内障患者 80例 ( 83只眼 )行超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术。术前空腹血糖均控制在 8mmol/ L 以下 ,术后随访观察视力、前房反应、角膜情况。结果　 80例 ( 83只眼 )糖尿病患者白内障术后视力均有不同程度的提高 ,其中 9只眼视力 <0 .1者多数为糖尿病性视网膜病变者。术后主要并发症角膜水肿、房水混浊、前房纤维素膜样渗出及前房积血均在一周左右消退 ,对术后视力无影响。结论　糖尿病患者白内障术前空腹血糖控制良好的情况下行超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术能获得较满意的疗效 ,是安全可靠的     

Disorders of the blood-aqueous barrier after phacoemulsification in diabetic patients

PURPOSE: To evaluate the function of the blood-aqueous barrier after phacoemulsification with implantation of a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) in diabetic patients. METHODS: All patients were enrolled from those scheduled for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Guangzhou from March 2002 to June 2002. The classification on diabetic retinopathy (DR) was based on the fundus examination after cataract surgery. The blood-aqueous barrier function was examined using the laser flare cell meter (Kowa FC-2000) preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 7, 30, and 90 by an independent examiner who was masked to the DR classification. Patients were operated by one experienced surgeon as per standard clinical protocol and were provided the same postoperative medical care. A linear regression and Wilcoxon test were used for the analysis. RESULTS: A total of 112 patients were divided into three groups: patients without diabetic mellitus as normal control (n=56), diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (n=2), with nonproliferation diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (n=37), and diabetic patients with proliferation diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (n=17). All patients were examined and successfully followed up for 3 months after cataract surgery. Aqueous flare mean photon counts in PDR, NPDR, and control eyes were 8.94+/-0.57, 7.03+/-0.27, and 6.94+/-0.34 before surgery and increased to 32.42+/-0.67, 26.07+/-0.83, 26.27+/-1.37 on the first day after surgery (P<0.05), then decreased to 19.86+/-0.78, 14.08+/-0.54 and 13.96+/-1.05 at 7 days after surgery (P<0.05), 13.24+/-0.29, 9.86+/-0.33, and 9.07+/-0.43 at 30 days after surgery (P<0.05); eventually, the counting decreased to 11.25+/-0.31, 7.24+/-0.67, and 7.16+/-0.27 at 90 days after surgery (P<0.05). Linear regression model suggested that other potential variables, such as age, sex, eye (left/right), phaco time, phaco energy, and hypertension were not related to the outcome. For patients without diabetes mellitus and diabetic patients with NPDR, highly statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were found between preoperative flare value and those measured on days 1, 7, and 30 after surgery, but no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were found between the preoperative flare value and those measured on postoperative days 90. However, patients with PDR still had a higher flare value even on postoperative day 90. The patients with intraoperative iris prolapse had a higher flare value between days 1 and 7 postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification with a foldable intraocular lens implantation affects the blood-aqueous barrier more severely in diabetic patients with PDR than patients with NPDR and nondiabetic patients.     

Anterior chamber inflammation following cataract surgery in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to estimate the early breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) following uneventful cataract surgery in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Aqueous flare was estimated in 54 diabetic eyes before and after cataract surgery. Fifteen eyes underwent uneventful ECCE (extracapsular cataract extraction with "can opener" capsulotomy) and 39 phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. All procedures were performed by experienced surgeons. Fifty six eyes of age-matched healthy patients undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery served, as control. Anterior chamber flare was quantified preoperatively, 1 and 3 days postoperatively, using laser-flare meter (Kowa FM-500). Laser flare values were expressed in photon counts/millisecond. RESULTS: Mean preoperative anterior chamber flare in diabetes type 2 was as follows: normal fundus--6.7, background retinopathy--8.6 and proliferative retinopathy--14.1 (p < 0.01 vs NF group). Significantly lower anterior chamber flare measurements following phacoemulsification (25.0-1 day, 17.8-3 days post surgery), than after ECCE (63.7 and 45.6, respectively) (p < 0.01) were observed in diabetic eyes. In phaco group, we noted lower flare values in eyes without retinopathy; 25.2-1 day, 14.0-3 days post surgery, than in proliferative retinopathy (31.5 and 28.4, respectively) (p < 0.05 vs no retinopathy group). CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification, as a less traumatising technique produces less BAB breakdown and seems to be more suitable than ECCE in diabetic eyes. Following phacoemulsification, eyes with proliferative retinopathy had significantly higher flare values than eyes without retinopathy.     

老年糖尿病患者白内障术后视网膜病变的连续观察

目的评价白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术后老年糖尿病患者的视力效果及视网膜病变的进展状况。方法对179例179眼老年糖尿病白内障患者行超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术。术后对术眼及对侧非手术眼视网膜病变进行比较。结果术后最佳矫正远视力≥0．5者159眼，其中无糖尿病视网膜病变者78眼，单纯性糖尿病视网膜病变者80眼，增生性糖尿病视网膜病变者1眼；视力结果取决于视网膜病变特别是黄斑病变程度。术眼中79眼、非手术眼中27眼出现视网膜病变进展，表现为视网膜内出血，火焰状出血斑，硬性及棉絮状渗出斑不同程度的增多，视网膜水肿，黄斑病变加剧及进一步的新生血管形成。结论（1）早期手术效果好，与非糖尿病老年白内障术后无明显差别；（2）晚期手术效果差，白内障手术可加速糖尿病视网膜病变进展；（3）早期手术可提高视力，便于眼底观察及激光治疗。[眼科新进展2007；27（2）：140-141]     

玻璃体切除联合白内障手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术治疗合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变23例（26眼）。行玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术的临床资料,观察术后视力改善程度及术中术后并发症。结果术后随访7—24个月,平均12．8个月。术后矫正视力较术前提高者20眼（76．92％）;视力不变者5眼（19．23％）;视力下降者1眼（3．85％）。术中未见严重并发症。术后主要并发症有角膜上皮水肿7眼（26．92％）,前房炎性反应6眼（23．08％）,玻璃体再积血3眼（11．54％）,复发性视网膜脱离2眼（7．69％）,后发性白内障8眼（30．77％）,术后虹膜后粘连4眼（15．38％）。术后15眼需补充眼内激光光凝。结论玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术治疗合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变,可使大多数患眼视力改善,并发症少,手术安全有效。     

老年性白内障合并糖尿病的手术治疗体会

目的分析老年性白内障合并糖尿病的手术治疗体会。方法 21例（30只眼）老年性白内障合并糖尿病患者,采取常规的小切口白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入手术,术前充分散瞳、并使用非甾体类药物,术中加用肾上腺素,术中足够大小的撕囊口,术后及时地眼底检查。结果术后视力≥0.3的25眼,其中视力〈0.3的5只眼,2只眼为伴有视网膜色素变性,3只眼为合并有糖尿病视网膜病变。术后主要并发症为角膜水肿、前房渗出。结论小切口白内障囊外手术是治疗老年性白内障合并糖尿病的一种较好的方法,既恢复视力,也为眼底检查和治疗提供了保障。     

超声乳化手术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效分析

目的:分析超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效。方法:对65例98眼糖尿病合并白内障的患者行超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。统计术后1,30d的视力,术后视力与糖尿病病程的关系以及观察术后并发症。结果:术后1d,裸眼视力>0.5者69眼(70.4%),0.3～0.5者18眼(18.4%),0.1～0.25者8眼(8.2%),<0.1者3眼(3.1%)。术后30d,裸眼视力>0.5者80眼(81.6%),0.3～0.5者12眼(12.2%),0.1～0.25者4眼(4.1%),<0.1者2眼(2.0%)。糖尿病病程越长,术后视力提高越不理想。术后并发症主要有角膜水肿,前房纤维素性渗出,虹膜粘连,继发青光眼。结论:超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障是安全有效的,术后视力的恢复与糖尿病病程及糖尿病视网膜病变有关。     

Quantification of blood-aqueous barrier breakdown after phacoemulsification in Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis

PURPOSE: To quantify the breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) following phacoemulsification with posterior chamber lens implantation in eyes with Fuchs' heterochromic uveitis (FHU). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 19 eyes of 19 patients with FHU (mean age 38 +/- 14 years) and 35 eyes of 35 patients with senile cataracts (mean age 63 +/- 9 years) underwent phacoemulsification with one-piece PMMA posterior chamber lens implantation. Aqueous flare was quantified using the laser flare-cell meter (LFCM, Kowa FC-1000) following medical pupillary dilation preoperatively and 1, 3, and 5 days, then 1 and 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean preoperative aqueous flare (in photon counts per millisecond) in FHU vs. controls was 11.7 +/- 3.5 vs. 5.8 +/- 1.7. Following cataract surgery, mean aqueous flare increased to 27.8 +/- 4.4 vs. 16.0 +/- 4.5 on day 1, decreased to 23.6 +/- 4.0 vs. 11.8 +/- 3.5 on day 3, and to 18.0 +/- 3.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 1.7 on day 5. In FHU eyes, it was 13.9 +/- 2.7 after 1 week, and had returned to preoperative levels after 6 weeks (10.9 +/- 2.5) and remained stable for up to 6 months (mean 10.3 +/- 2.2). Pre- and postoperatively, aqueous flare values were 2-3 times higher in FHU eyes than in control eyes with senile cataract (p = 0.01). No postoperative complications such as fibrin formation, synechiae, macrophages on the intraocular lens optic or endophthalmitis were observed in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: BAB breakdown following phacoemulsification with posterior chamber lens implantation is relatively mild in eyes with FHU and the BAB appears to be fully reestablished to preoperative levels 6 weeks postoperatively, explaining the usually good outcome of cataract surgery in this condition.     

糖尿病性白内障超声乳化术的临床观察

目的：观察糖尿病性白内障患者施行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后视力变化及其影响因素。方法：对42例48眼糖尿病性白内障患者及48例48眼单纯老年性白内障患者行超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,观察术后视力及术后并发症。结果：与对照组相比,糖尿病组术后视力较差,但两组无明显统计学差异。糖尿病组术后角膜内皮水肿、纤维素性渗出和虹膜后粘连显著增多。结论：糖尿病患者白内障术后视力的恢复与眼底病变程度、病程及术后并发症的影响有关。     

玻璃体切除联合白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。方法对16例(17眼)玻璃体视网膜疾病伴有明显的白内障者实施了此联合手术。先行常规白内障囊外摘出术或晶状体超声乳化术,再行标准三通道闭合式玻璃体切除术,最后植入人工晶状体。结果术后随访2月～3年,平均13月。16眼术后视力均有不同程度提高,1眼增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变术后2月因继发新生血管性青光眼,行广泛视网膜冷凝后视力下降。术后早期16例(17眼)均有不同程度的角膜后弹力层皱褶,术后7～10d消失。2例(2眼)术后有一过性眼压升高。1例(1眼)术后2月发生新生血管性青光眼。3例(3眼)术后后囊浑浊,未影响视力。结论此联合手术的临床效果良好,具有一定的优点,但应严格掌握适应证,并要求有熟练的手术技巧。