单形性室性早搏的射频消融治疗

目的　评价单形性室性早搏 (简称室早 )经导管射频消融治疗的有效性和安全性。方法　对 1 9例正常心脏的室早进行了导管射频消融。采用起搏标测与激动顺序标测 ,前者以起搏时与室早QRS波形态完全相同点为消融靶点 ,后者以早搏时最早心室激动点为消融靶点。结果　 1 9例室早全部起源于右室流出道 ,均呈左束支阻滞形态。消融即刻成功率 89.5 %(1 7 1 9) ,2 4h动态心电图记录消融前后室早数为 1 5 892± 2 6 5 4次 2 4h和 891± 783次 2 4h(n =1 7,P <0 .0 0 1。所有病人无任何并发症。随访期间也无不良反应和并发症发生。结论　经导管射频消融可有效而安全地消除正常心脏单形室早 ,可作为症状严重、药物治疗无效或不能耐受患者的治疗选择。     

射频消融治疗顽固性室性早搏的体会

目的 探讨顽固性室性早搏射频消融治疗的有效性和安全性。方法 对18例顽固性室性早搏患者进行导管射频消融术，采用激动顺序标测与起搏标测相结合确定消融靶点。标测到室早激动点较体表心电图ORS波提前30s以上或消融电极起搏心电图ORS波图形与室早图形完全一致时放电消融。结果 18例患者室早起源为右室流出道11例，左室游离壁5例，右室心尖部1例，左室后间隔部1例，17例消融成功，成功率94．4％，无并发症发生。结论 射频消融术(RFCA)治疗顽固性室性早搏安全有效     

射频消融治疗流出道室早与非持续性室性心动过速的研究

目的　评价频发室性流出道早搏和非持续性室性心动过速 (室速 )患者的射频消融有效性和安全性。方法　 60例患者非持续性室速和频发性室性早搏进行了导管射频消融。男 38例 ,女 2 2例 ,年龄 ( 4 6 2± 7 1 )岁 ,采用起搏标测和激动顺序标测 ,确定室速和室性早搏的起源部位 ,前者以起搏时与室早QRS波形态完全相同点为消融靶点 ,后者以早搏时最早心室激动点为消融靶点。结果　 60例室早室速与多数起源于心室流出道 ,右室流出道室早室速QRS呈左束支阻滞形态 ;左室流出道室早室速QRS波均呈右束支阻滞形态。消融即刻成功率 96 6 % ( 5 8/60 ) ,2 4小时动态心电图记录消融前室早数为( 2 0 4 1 6± 1 891 )次 ,室速 ( 31 4± 73)阵次 ,消融后室早数 ( 1 2 2± 1 40 )次 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,无室速再发。所有病人无任何并发症。随访 ( 1 9± 6)月未服用任何抗心律失常药物的 ,复发率为 3 4% ( 2 /5 8) ,随访期间亦无不良反应和并发症发生。结论　经导管射频消融可有效而安全地消除正常心脏单形室早和非持续性室性心动过速     

顽固性频发性室性早搏的射频消融治疗

目的：了解射频消融治疗顽固性频发室性早搏的效果。方法：采用心室激动顺序与起搏标测法进行室性早搏标测定位，标测到室性早搏最早激动点较体表心电图QRS波提前30ms以上或消融电极起搏心电图QRS波图形与室早图形完全一致时放电消融。结果：16例中15例成功，成功率93．3％。无并发症发生。结论：射频消融治疗频发单形室性早搏安全有效。     

顽固性室性早搏的导管射频消融治疗

目的 :评价室性早搏 (简称室早 )经导管射频消融治疗 (RFCA)的有效性和安全性。方法 :采用起搏标测法 ,对 32例症状严重、药物无效的顽固性室早患者进行了RFCA。结果 :30例起源于右室流出道及 1例起源于三尖瓣环上的室早消融成功 ;1例起源于右室心尖部的室早消融失败。消融成功率 96 8% ,2 4h动态心电图记录消融前后室早数为 1 894 7± 1 6 87次 2 4h和 1 0 6± 1 5次 2 4h(n =31 ,P <0 0 0 1 )。所有病人无任何并发症。随访 1～ 2 0个月症状消失 ,1例于术后 1月复发 ,再次消融成功 ,随访期间亦无不良反应和并发症发生。结论 :RFCA可有效而安全地消除非器质性心脏病患者的顽固性室早 ,可作为症状严重、药物治疗无效或不能耐受患者的治疗选择     

射频消融治疗起源心室流出道室性早搏

目的:报道起源心室流出道频发室性早搏的导管射频消融治疗结果。方法:采用起搏标测与激动顺序标测结合的方法对23例非器质性心脏病患者频发室性早搏行射频消融治疗。结果:19例室早起源右室流出道,其中间隔部为13例,游离壁6例;4例室早起源于左室流出道,2例为左冠状动脉窦口内,2例为流出道主动脉瓣下。21例患者消融一次成功,平均放电(4.6±3.3)次。2例患者为二次消融成功。24h动态心电记录术前、术后室早总数为(20846±3288)次/24h和(102±62)次/24h(n=16,P<0.001),临床症状基本消失,无并发症,平均随访(12±4.5)个月。结论:起源心室流出道频发药物治疗无效的室性早搏可选择导管射频消融治疗。     

导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室性早搏的初步研究

目的:探索导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室性早搏(室早)伴或不伴室早诱发的短阵室性心动过速(室速)的安全性、效率和方法学。方法:18例严重症状性室早患者入选本研究,术前室早数量平均(117±37)次/h。术前根据同步12导联体表心电图初步推测室性早搏产生部位,术中依据初步推测的室早产生部位采用心室激动顺序标测法与起搏标测法进行室早标测定位,大头消融电极标测到室早最早激动点较体表心电图QRS波提前25ms以上或消融电极起搏心电图QRS波图形与室早图形11/12以上一致时放电消融。结果:18例患者导管射频消融即时成功16例,术后室早数(6±2)次/h,较术前显著减少(P<0.05);随访12个月,18例中16例消融成功,成功率88.9%;无严重并发症发生。结论:导管射频消融治疗严重症状性室早伴或不伴室早诱发的短阵室速安全、有效,同步12导联体表心电图对室早的定位有重要的指导意义。     

单导管法射频消融顽固性右心室流出道室性早搏

目的:探讨只用1根大头导管射频消融治疗顽固性右室流出道室性早搏(室早)的临床意义。方法:选择右室流出道顽固性室早患者105例,男46例,女59例,年龄22～65岁,平均(39.3±10.9)岁,病史3～14年,平均6.8年,其中3例合并有右室流出道室速,有1例为双源性右室流出道室早,均无器质性心脏病。多种抗心律失常药物无效。体表心电图确定为右室流出道室性早搏,采用1根大头电极以起搏标测法确定消融靶点。以室性早搏在放电后消失为消融成功。结果:消融即刻成功率为100%,随访半年无一例复发,亦无其他任何并发症。结论:单导管消融顽固性右室流出道早搏安全有效。     

射频导管消融治疗特发性室性心动过速62例临床观察

目的观察射频导管消融(RFCA)治疗特发性室性心动过速(IVT)的效果。方法62例患者起源于左室间隔部IVT以激动标测到最早P电位并且起搏标测形态与VT形态一致为消融靶点;起源于其他部位IVT以激动标测到最早心室激动点并且起搏标测形态与VT形态一致为消融靶点。结果体表心电图能准确预测IVT的起源;起源于右室流出道36例(58.1%),左室间隔部21例(33.9%),右室流入道4例(6.5%),左室流出道1例(1.5%);消融成功率93.5%(58/62),复发率5.2%(3/58);消融未成功的主要因素为手术中未诱发出IVT;术后出现心包填塞1例。结论RFCA治疗IVT成功率高,并发症发生率低。     

射频导管消融治疗左室流出道起源特发性室性心律失常的经验总结

目的：观察射频导管消融(RFCA)治疗左室流出道起源的特发性室性心动过速(室速)和室性早搏(室早)的疗效和注意事项。方法：3例起源于左室流出道的特发性室速/室早接受常规电生理检查,以激动标测到最早心室激动点并与室速/室早形态一致为消融靶点,左冠状动脉窦内消融者行左冠状动脉造影。结果：体表心电图能准确预测室速/室早起源于左室流出道;但对于左室流出道室速/室早的起源精确定位(主动脉瓣下或左冠状动脉窦内)无预测作用。3例患者(室速/室早起源于主动脉瓣下1例,左冠状动脉窦内2例)全部消融成功;术后未出现手术并发症。结论：起源于左室流出道的特发性室速/室早RFCA治疗疗效好,并发症发生率低。但体表心电图对室速/室早在左室流出道起源精确定位（主动脉瓣下或左冠状动脉窦内)无预测作用。消融靶点的确定可直接采用激动标测。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.