Skin impedance and phoreographic index in psoriasis

Summary In a previous study, impedance measurements and phoreographic response were shown to quantify significant differences between involved and non-involved skin in psoriasis. The same techniques were used to objectivate the evolution on skin condition on patients treated with dioxyanthranol, difluprednate, and photochemotherapy associated with 8-methoxypsoralen. Each of these treatments was applied to four subjects.On patients treated with dioxyanthranol or difluprednate, impedance and phoreographic response return to normal values within 5–10 days and 1–2 days, respectively. It takes a longer time with photochemotherapy, and it is noteworthy that the treatment also alters the phoreographic response of noninvolved skin. The changes observed in electrophysiological parameters are discussed in relation with recent ideas on pharmacology of antipsoriatic treatments and on dynamic properties of biological membranes. The results are in good correlation with clinical data and exemplify the usefulness of these methods in following the treatment kinetics.     

先天性皮肤缺损12例临床分析

先天性皮肤缺损（ＣＡＳ）是一种少见的出生时皮肤局限或广泛缺损的疾病，以一定部位的皮肤缺损为特征，伴随多种异常、若干异常综合征及遗传方式。报告１２例ＣＡＳ，均有典型的皮肤症状，其中４例伴有其他异常：大疱性表皮松解症，趾甲缺损，胫腓骨远端细小畸形及二胫骨长短不一。     

鼻尖部皮肤混合瘤2例

例1女,40岁,鼻尖部无痛性肿物2年;例2女,36岁,鼻尖下方无痛性肿物3年。2例均表现为鼻尖部皮下结节,淡红色,表面光滑,边界清楚,中等硬度,无压痛。皮肤组织病理检查均支持"皮肤混合瘤"的诊断。     

敏感性皮肤研究进展

敏感性皮肤是一种皮肤高度敏感的状态，在这种状态下皮肤极易受到外界因素影响产生皮肤不适。它作为现代社会发生率极高的皮肤问题，影响着人们的生活质量，因此受到皮肤科医生和社会大众的广泛关注。敏感性皮肤的发生原因、诊断、皮肤生理特点等成为了研究热点。     

Aufgabe und Bedeutung einer ästhetischen Dermatologie

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Fluorescence–remission sensoring of skin tumours: preliminary results

OBJECTIVE: Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Objective evaluation by digital dermoscopy, as for pigmented lesions, does not provide sufficient data to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions. Therefore, other techniques have to be developed. SETTING: Hospitalized patients of an academic teaching hospital were evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Because the simultaneous measurement of fluorescence and remission of skin is impossible, a principle of subsequent measurement of remission and fluorescence had been developed by our group. This was combined with dermoscopic imaging. VIS-NIR remission spectroscopy was performed using the laboratory device TIDAS. Fluorescence spectroscopy was realized using a SKINSKAN. Fluorescence emission was detected by a highly sensitive PMT-detector. Based on this evaluation, we developed an optimized measuring device (FRIS, fluorescence-remission-imaging sensor) combining sensors for fluorescence, remission and digital imaging with a white light ring illumination, a drilled mirror and fibre optics. FRIS consists of an industrial personal computer with a touch screen combining three UV-VIS spectrometer modules and a white light source for remission measurements and referencing. Furthermore, included are a CCD coloured camera module and an LED white light ring-illumination. Fluorescence emission is realized by a UV-LED with a peak wavelength of 370 nm. System control uses Window frames and a specifically developed software Skinrem3.exe . Using this technology, we performed a pilot study in 19 patients with 30 NMSC-suspicious lesions including: actinic keratosis (n=10), basal cell carcinoma (BCC; n=16) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC; n=4 with two in situ carcinomas). RESULTS: Reproducibility measured or FRIS by relative standard deviation of repeated spectroscopic measurements was <0.1% for remission and 2% for fluorescence. The technology was able to generate typical pattern of remission-corrected fluorescence data. The fluorescence differences at 430 nm allow a differentiation between actinic keratoses and BCC. A decrease of the corrected lesional fluorescence >2 AU indicates BCC. To substantiate the diagnostic potency of this technology, further studies are needed. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of fluorescence and remission readings of skin provides objective data in NMSC. We developed the FRIS equipment that allows a reproducible measurement and easy handling.     

Sex,constancy, and skin bacteria

Summary Quantitative studies of the aerobic flora of seven skin sites in 16 volunteers were repeated after 3 months. The total aerobic densities of the sites differed, male carried more organisms than females and also more biotypes. Qualitative differences in the flora could be detected.     

Elderly skin and its rejuvenation: products and procedures for the aging skin

In the last few decades, there has been a substantial increase in the population of people over 60 years of age. Most of them maintain a good general health and physical activity and fitness. For these individuals there is a good number of dermatologic procedures, medications, and cosmetics that can be prescribed to improve the aspect of skin aging, providing an improvement in their self-esteem and quality of life as a result of their better look. We will discuss the mechanisms of skin aging, and the procedures and substances used to minimize its deleterious effects, such as sunscreens, estrogens, chemical peels, toxin botulinum, fillers and surgical procedures, among others. The use of makeup and the adverse reactions to cosmetics will also be mentioned.     

Quality of life issues in nonmetastatic skin cancer

Background Current knowledge of quality of life (QOL) issues affecting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer is unsatisfactory, being based either on the use of QOL questionnaires derived from dermatology patients with predominantly benign lesions or inflammatory skin rashes, or on the use of general health QOL questionnaires. Objectives We sought to determine the impact of nonmetastatic skin cancer on patients’ lives by asking such patients for their written opinions. Methods An open‐ended ‘Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheet’ was given to 100 consenting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer [50 with malignant melanoma (MM) and 50 with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)]. Results In total, 82 ‘Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheets’ were returned complete (40 MM and 42 NMSC). There were 44 different patient concerns voiced overall in the responses. The concerns were grouped into 10 main themes. Patients with MM were significantly more likely than those with NMSC to mention ‘a sense of relief/gratitude following treatment and/or a commitment to enjoy life here on’ (P = 0·001), ‘feelings of anxiety/depression/guilt/stress towards oneself or family/friends’ (P < 0·001) and ‘strengthening of emotional relationships with family and/or friends’ (P = 0·02). Patients with NMSC were significantly more likely than those with MM to mention ‘concern about the public’s lack of understanding and recognition of skin cancer’ (P = 0·02). The theme ‘realization of one’s mortality’ was commoner among patients with MM than with NMSC, while the theme ‘concern regarding possible scarring/disfigurement or the reaction of others’ was commoner among patients with NMSC than with MM, although neither of these two differences was statistically significant (P = 0·07 and P = 0·11, respectively). Conclusions QOL issues expressed by patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer highlight concerns we must address during their care. A disease‐specific QOL measure suitable for both nonmetastatic MM and nonmetastatic NMSC is needed. The psychosocial impact on patients with nonmetastatic MM must not be underestimated.     

Eczema of recipient and donor skin graft sites: Another example of “Ruocco's immunocompromised district”

A 47‐year‐old male suffered soft tissue injuries 8 years ago that had been covered by meshed split thickness skin graft. During the last 2 years, he developed a chronic eczema (atopic dermatitis) on both recipient and donor sites on the lower extremities. Eczema on skin graft sites has been described rarely. However, this case is unique since both donor and recipient site were involved. We consider our observation as another example of Ruocco's immunocompromised districts of skin.     

Quantitation of epidermal and mucosal tissue injury using contrast agents and imaging techniques

Background/purpose: Epidermal injury is common but the accuracy of visual methods is significantly impacted by the inherent skin pigmentation. We examined imaging and fluorescence techniques to quantify tissue injury as a function of skin color.
Methods: Epidermal and mucosal scratches were created in 20 light- ( L ^* 68.2±2.3) and 20 dark-skinned ( L ^* 46.4±5.2) females. Injured and uninjured sites were treated with toluidine blue (TB), fluorescein (FL) and a TB/FL mixture and photographed under conditions of white and fluorescent light. Area and intensity parameters were determined.
Results: Injured sites with TB and TB/FL had higher areas than the control for both light and dark subjects ( anova , P <0.05). The intensity of the injured TB site was higher than the control for light skin only. The areas of injured sites with FL and TB/FL were higher than the control for both groups as were the intensities of the injured sites with FL. The findings were similar for the lip skin.
Conclusions: Application of TB and FL contrasts under white and fluorescent light can be used to quantify tissue injuries for L ^* values >35 and is a promising approach for the quantitation across a range of skin pigmentation.     

主观皮肤类型与皮肤屏障功能的关系

目的:比较不同主观皮肤类型(油性、中性和干性皮肤)屏障功能指标的差异。方法:利用无创性方法对自评为油性、中性和干性皮肤的20~25岁北京城市女性(各30例)进行皮脂分泌率(SER)、角质层含水量、p H值和经皮肤水分丢失(TEWL)值的检测,并采用胶带连续粘脱后监测TEWL值变化的方法评价角质层完整性,采用角质层取样蛋白定量的方法评价角质层黏合力和丝氨酸蛋白酶活性。结果:主观皮肤类型为中性皮肤者具有最佳的屏障功能;干性皮肤和油性皮肤者面颊部的屏障功能均有不同程度的受损,表现为TEWL值明显升高、p H值升高、丝氨酸蛋白酶活性增加;但二者也有区别,油性皮肤者角质层完整性下降更明显,而干性皮肤主要是角质层黏合力明显减弱。结论:自评为油性和干性皮肤者与中性皮肤者相比,屏障功能均存在一定程度的缺陷,油性皮肤与干性皮肤均具有不同特点,且与其屏障受损的机制不同有关。