儿童挫伤性前房出血118例临床分析

目的：分析儿童挫伤性前房出血的治疗方法。方法：对我院收治的118例患均进行以下治疗。（1）臣床，静休。（2）滴散以眼包扎。（3）口服或静脉使用皮质类固醇。（4）止血芳酸，安络血等止血药的应用。（5）前房术洗。结果：按照药物等治疗后疗效进行统计，积血完全吸收：109例（92．37％）积血未完全吸收9例（7．63％）。结论：挫伤性前房出血的视力恢复与出血量多少眼球损伤的程度，有无影响视力的并发症及是否早期治疗有关。     

挫伤性前房积血53例临床分析

目的 分析挫伤性前房积血的治疗方法。方法 对我院收治的53例(53眼)挫伤性前房积血进行治疗：卧床静休，止血剂、甘露醇、皮质类固醇等的应用，有的作前房冲洗。结果 按照药物等治疗后疗效进行统计，积血完全吸收51眼(96．22％)；积血未完全吸收2眼(3．78％)。结论 挫伤性前房积血的视力恢复程度与出血量多少、眼球损伤的程度有关。并发症少和治疗早，视力恢复相对较好。     

挫伤性前房积血临床分析

目的 分析挫伤性前房积血的治疗方法和临床疗效。方法 对我院2000年1月-2004年6月78例挫伤性前房积血进行治疗，方法 是双眼包扎，半卧位，休息，应用止血剂，根据病情应用甘露醇、皮质类固醇激素，有的做前房冲洗。观察积血吸收时间、并发症和视力。结果 积血吸收时间：Ⅰ级前房积血吸收时间1-5天，Ⅱ级积血吸收时间6～10天，Ⅲ级积血吸收时间11-19天。前房积血吸收后视力：0．1以下者5例，0．1～0．3者11例，0．4～0．9者23例，1．0以上者39例。结论 挫伤性前房积血的视力恢复程度与积血量多少有关，也与挫伤程度有关。并发症少和治疗早者，视力恢复较好。     

挫伤性前房积血42例临床分析

目的分析挫伤性前房积血治疗方法和效果。方法对我院2007年1月至2009年10月收治的42例（42眼）挫伤性前房积血患者进行回顾性分析。结果经保守治疗和前房冲洗（7例）前房积血完全吸收37例（88.1%）,视力大于0.3者37例（88.1%）。结论挫伤性前房积血及时合理治疗视力恢复良好,并与出血量眼球挫伤程度及有无并发症有关。     

血栓通治疗外伤性前房积血

目的观察血栓通对外伤性前房积血的疗效。方法外伤性前房积血40例（40眼）。治疗组20例采用血栓通治疗与对照组20例治疗后，观察患眼的视力恢复情况及积血吸收的情况。结果治疗组视力好转，视力〉0．3的18眼，对照组视力〉0．3的17眼，治疗组积血完全吸收平均天数为4．5天，对照组为6．5天。结论血栓通能促进外伤性前房积血的吸收．并能有效的防止并发症的发生。     

挫伤性前房积血112例临床分析

目的 分析挫伤性前房积血的治疗方法。方法 对我院1993年10月～2003年10月收治的112例(112眼)挫伤性前房积血进行治疗，方法 是双眼包扎，半卧位，制动休息，止血剂、甘露醇、皮质类固醇等的应用，有的作前房冲洗。观察积血吸收时间、并发症和视力。结果 积血吸收时间：Ⅰ级1～5天，Ⅱ级6～10天，Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级11—20天。积血吸收后视力：0．05以下6例，0．05～0．111例，0．2．0．39例，0．4～0．610例，0．7～0．925例，1．0以上51例。结论 挫伤性前房积血的视力恢复程度与积血量多少有关，也与挫伤的程度有关。并发症少和治疗早者，视力恢复较好。     

糖尿病患者外伤性前房积血临床特点

目的探讨糖尿病患者外伤性前房积血的临床特点、并发症及预后。方法对12例（12眼）糖尿病患者外伤性前房积血进行回顾性分析。结果糖尿病患者外伤性前房积血易发生继发性前房积血，积血吸收时间长，继发性青光眼和．玻璃体积血发生率显著增高。结论糖尿病患者外伤性前房积血并发症多，视力影响大，疗效差。     

挫伤性前房积血128例临床分析

目的 探讨挫伤性前房积血的治疗时机和方案。方法 挫伤性前房积血128例，其中I级64例，Ⅱ级28例，Ⅲ级36例，运用相应的中西医疗法治疗。结果 出血吸收时间：1－3天内吸收41例，占32％；4－6天35例，占27％；7－10天23例，占19％；11－15天17例，占13％；15天以上的12例，占9％。视力恢复较满意。结论 中西医结合治疗拾零务性前房积血疗效较好，但愈后视力恢复与治疗是否及时，出血量多少及并发症有一定关系。     

眼挫伤所致前房积血48例临床分析

目的对48例（48眼）眼挫伤所致前房积血进行回顾性分析。方法48例（48眼）眼挫伤所致的前房积血，记录就诊时间、积血程度、积血吸收时间、反复出血情况。结果前房反复出血4眼（8．33％），继发性青光眼5眼（10．42％），外伤性瞳孔散大4眼（8．33％），视网膜震荡伤2眼（4．16％），晶状体半脱位1眼（2．08％），外伤性虹膜炎1眼（2．08％）。经治疗所有病人视力均有不同程度上升。结论继发性出血由于积血量大，吸收时间长，故对眼的损伤较大。预防再出血、加速积血吸收及排除积血是治疗的关键。     

应用玻璃体切割技术治疗严重的前房积血

目的：探讨玻璃体切割技术治疗严重前房积血的手术疗效。方法：对32例（32只眼）严重的前房积血（Ⅲ级以上）患者，用玻璃体切割器，经角膜缘两侧的小切口，行施切割及抽吸手术治疗。结果：32例（32只眼）患者均一次手术获得成功，术后无不良反应，出院视力≥1．0者占59．4;≥0．5者占90．6％；＜0．05者占3．1％；2例儿童不合作。结论：玻璃体切割技术治疗严重的前房积血，术后反应轻，视力恢复快，是一种安全有效的方法。     

兒童挫傷性前房出血118例臨床分析

目的分析兒童挫傷性前房出血的治瘵方法.方法對我院收治的¨8例患者均進行以下治瘵.(1)卧床,静休.(2)滴散瞳劑雙眼包扎.(3)口服或静脉使用皮質類固醇.(4)止血芳酸、安絡血等止血藥的應用.(5)前房衝洗.結果按照藥物等治療後瘵效進行統計.積血完全吸收109例(92.37%)積血未完全吸收9例(7.63%).結論挫傷性前房出血的視力恢復舆出血量多少眼球損傷的程度、有無影響視力的并發癥及是否早期治瘵有關.     

Results of intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator and expansile gas injection for submacular haemorrhage in Thais

PURPOSE: To study the results of intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and expansile gas injection for submacular haemorrhage in Thai patients. METHODS: The medical records of Thai patients who presented with submacular haemorrhage between January 1998 and December 2002 were reviewed. The inclusion criteria were acute onset of bleeding (<1 month), treatment with intravitreal injection of tPA solution (50-100 mug in 0.1 ml) and expansile gas (0.3-0.4 ml of 100% perfluoropropane or sulphur hexafluoride), and at least 6 months of follow-up. Our main outcome measures were best final postoperative visual acuity and surgical complications. RESULTS: A total of 19 eyes of 19 patients completed the inclusion criteria with a mean duration of 13.1 days. The causes of haemorrhage were age-related macular degeneration in 15 eyes (78.9%), idiopathic choroidal neovascularization in two eyes (10.5%), and traumatic, and valsalva retinopathy in one eye each (5.2%). After a mean follow-up of 13 months (range 6-39 months), postoperative visual acuity improved two lines or greater in 12 eyes (63.2%), stabilized in six eyes (31.6%) and worsened in one (5.2%). The final visual acuity measured 20/63 or better in 10 eyes (52.6%). The surgical complications were breakthrough vitreous haemorrhage (three eyes) and cataracts (three eyes), and two had retinal detachments. CONCLUSION: The treatment of submacular haemorrhage with intravitreal injection of tPA and expansile gas improved visual acuity in more than half of the patients. In all, 10 in 19 eyes demonstrated final visual acuity at a functional level.     

Early Intraocular Complications of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage after Aneurysm Rupture

The aim of this study was to identify factors predisposing for early intraocular complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The authors analysed 96 selected cases of aneurysmal SAH. Forty patients (42%) demonstrated abnormal fundus findings, including disc swelling (13.5%), retinal haemorrhages (23%), and vitreous haemorrhage (5%). The incidence of intraocular pathologies was significantly higher in patients who lost consciousness at the onset of SAH, were admitted with high scores of the Hunt-Hess and Fisher scales and low score of the Glasgow Coma Scale, as well as in those with arterial hypertension, more sizable aneurysm, and older.     

External argon laser choroidotomy for subretinal fluid drainage

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of external argon laser choroidotomy for drainage of subretinal fluid (SRF) during scleral buckling procedures for the repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Methods: Fifty eyes of 50 consecutive patients presenting to a hospital-based retinal outpatient clinic with rhegmatogenous detachments underwent choroidotomy with argon endolaser for SRF drainage. The laser parameters used were 0.5 s duration and 0.8 W power. The primary outcome measures were successful drainage of SRF and incidence of complications. The drainage was considered successful if it was sufficient to complete the planned scleral buckling procedure. The extent of subretinal haemorrhage was graded. Results: The mean age of patients was 55 years (range 16–80 years). Successful drainage of SRF was obtained in 47 eyes (94%). The complications observed at the drainage site included subretinal haemorrhage of less than I disc diameter in six eyes (12%) and retinal perforation in one eye (2%). Conclusion: External argon laser choroidotomy appears to be an effective method of draining SRF in rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.     

The incidence of complications associated with retrobulbar injection of anaesthetic for ophthalmic surgery.

A retrospective study of the incidence of complications associated with the use of retrobulbar injections was carried out on a sample of 1083 consecutive patients. The overall incidence of retrobulbar haemorrhage (1.3%) compared favourably with previous reports, but was found to be related to the experience of the surgeon. None of the more serious ocular complications of retrobulbar injection occurred in this sample. The relative safety of this technique is discussed.     

玻璃体手术治疗自发性玻璃体积血

目的观察玻璃体手术治疗非糖尿病性自发玻璃体积血的疗效及其与手术时机的关系。方法45例(46眼)非糖尿病性自发玻璃体积血行标准三通道闭合式玻璃体切除并联合眼内激光光凝等手术,并对不同时机手术的患者术后视力及并发症进行分析。结果1月以内手术者术后视力均提高。1月以上手术者14眼中术后视力提高者2眼,不变8眼,下降3眼。手术并发症主要为术中出血和医源孔及术后高眼压。术中医源孔和术后视网膜脱离均为1月以上手术者。结论玻璃体手术治疗非糖尿病性自发玻璃体浓密积血者疗效佳,并发症少。考虑玻璃体积血为视网膜裂孔所致者应及时手术。     

Silicone oil removal. II. Operative and postoperative complications.

A retrospective study of the effects of silicone oil removal was carried out on 85 patients who had undergone pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil exchange for giant retinal tears or proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Silicone oil was removed either as part of the treatment of anterior segment complications such as glaucoma and keratopathy (25 patients) or in order to prevent these complications (60 patients). The major complications of the removal of silicone oil were retinal redetachment (25%), hypotony (16%), and expulsive haemorrhage (1%). The length of time that the oil remained in the eye and the presence of anterior segment complications did not appear to have an effect on the rate of retinal redetachment or hypotony.     

One hundred consecutive cases of pars plana vitrectomy with the vitreous stripper

The results of 100 consecutive cases of pars plana vitrectomy are reported. Vitrectomy was performed on accunt of complications of diabetic retinopathy (37 eyes), complicated retinal detachment (28 eyes), vitreous haemorrhage of various causes (17 eyes), vitreous haemorrhage and complications secondary to injuries (13 eyes) and secondary cataract or vitreous in the anterior chamber creating corneal dystrophy (5 eyes). With an average follow-up time of 14.2 months, vitrectomy resulted in visual improvement in 55 eyes, unchanged visual acuity in 24 eyes and reduced visual acuity in 21 eyes. The operative and postoperative complications were: secondary vitreous haemorrhage (11 eyes), retinal detachment (8 eyes), haemorrhagic glaucoma (7 eyes), retinal tears (5 eyes), lens injury (4 eyes), corneal dystrophy (2 eyes) and endophthalmitis (1 eye).     

Sheathotomy in complicated cases of branch retinal vein occlusion

Purpose: To report the clinical experience and results of using a microsurgical technique to decompress the arteriovenous connection in complicated branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) combined with haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia. Methods: We carried out a retrospective, non‐randomized, interventional case study of the surgical sheathotomy decompression procedure. We enrolled 12 patients (seven women, five men; median age 64 years) with BRVO and decreased visual acuity (VA) caused by haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia. The mean duration of thrombosis was 7 months (2–15 months). The patients were examined for pre‐ and postoperative best corrected VA (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and fundus photography. Ten patients were examined with fluorescein angiography and eight with ocular coherence tomography (OCT). Postoperative progression of cataract was recorded, as were other complications. The mean follow‐up time was 20 months (8–39 months). Results: Best corrected VA had improved in nine patients, was unchanged in one patient and had deteriorated in two patients at the last follow‐up. Noted complications were venous haemorrhage at surgery in five patients, retinal detachment in one patient and progression of cataract in four patients. Conclusions: Microsurgical treatment with sheathotomy of BRVO is a technically feasible procedure with few complications. Postoperative increased reperfusion could explain the resolution of macular haemorrhage, oedema and ischaemia, and may improve visual function in patients with this common vascular eye disease.     

Visual function and professional preparation of persons with congenital glaucoma. IV. Complications of congenital glaucoma

The authors evaluated complications which appeared in 113 eyes in 66 patients treated for congenital glaucoma. The most frequent early complication connected with the surgical procedure was an anterior chamber haemorrhage (in 22 eyes). Individual cases exhibited intravitreal haemorrhage (5 eyes) and uveitis (2 eyes). Among the late complications prevailed complicated cataract (in 30 eyes), less frequently nystagmus (11 eyes), intraocular infection (9 eyes), squint (17 eyes) and internal hemophthalmos.