可吸收内固定物治疗关节部位骨折

目的 研究分析应用可吸收内固定物治疗关节部位骨折的方法、疗效、特点。方法 应用可吸收螺钉、可吸收棒治疗关节部位骨折66例并对临床效果进行分析。结果 61例获得随访，随访时间6～27个月，平均14个月，疗效优50例，良11例。结论 可吸收内固定物治疗关节部位骨折，符合关节部位骨折的特点，免除患者二次手术痛苦和骨关节周围软组织损伤，疗效可靠，具有良好的临床应用价值。     

可吸收钉棒内固定治疗累及关节面骨折

目的 探讨可吸收钉棒内固定治疗累及关节面骨折的效果。方法 1995年10月～2002年5月应用自身增强-聚乙酯(SR—PGA)、自身增强-聚丙酯(SR—PLLA)可吸收螺钉及固定棒手术治疗累及关节面的骨折32例。男25例，女7例。年龄20～65岁，平均33．3岁。均为外伤所致骨折，骨折关节面移位均超过2mm。术后行骨牵引或石膏外固定。结果 随访3个月～6年6个月(平均18．5个月)，骨折全部愈合，无移位、感染及局部积液．按照关节功能评定标准。优24例，良6例，可2例，优良率达93．7％。结论 可吸收内固定钉棒治疗累及关节面骨折，免除了患者二次手术取出内固定物的痛苦，是一种有效和较为理想的方法。     

应用可吸收钉棒治疗关节内骨折

目的探讨可吸收钉、棒治疗关节内骨折的效果。方法1998年6月～2004年8月，应用自身增强一聚乙酯（self-reinforced polyglycolic acid，SR—PGA）、自身增强一聚丙酯（self—reinforced poly—L—Lacticacid，SR—PLLA）可吸收螺钉、棒，手术治疗关节内骨折35例，其中男30例，女5例。年龄4～62岁。均为关节内或关节周围松质骨骨折。手术时间为伤后3h～29d。应用SR—PGA全螺纹钉9枚，SR—PLLA拉力螺钉26枚，SR—PLLA固定棒15枚。术后行骨牵引或石膏外固定。结果患者术后获随访3～60个月，平均28个月，伤口均Ⅰ期愈合；骨折于1～3个月内达临床愈合，无再移位、感染及局部积液。患者关节功能恢复满意。根据美国骨科协会（AASO）关节功能评价：优26例，良7例，可1例，差1例，优良率94．3％。结论可吸收内固定钉、棒治疗关节内及关节周围骨折，免除了患者二次手术取出内固定物的痛苦，是一种有效和较为理想的方法。     

可吸收螺钉内固定治疗关节内骨折

关节内骨折传统的内固定材料为金属内固定物,其骨折愈合后二次手术取内固定物给病人带来了一定的痛苦和经济负担.60年代以来,许多学者都在探讨使用可吸收内固定物,1984年,Rokkanen等[1]首先将此项技术应用于临床,并取得良好结果.1999年1月～2000年6月,我院使用自身增强可吸收螺钉(Biofix产品)为30例关节内骨折患者行内固定术,报道如下.     

国产聚-DL-乳酸可吸收螺钉治疗松质骨骨折

目的探讨国产聚-DL-L乳酸(PDLLA)可吸收螺钉治疗松质骨骨折的效果及安全性，方法用PDLLA可吸收螺钉治疗松质骨骨折24例．随访观察术后骨折愈合、关节功能恢复情况和影像学表现。结果14例伤口均Ⅰ期愈合．全部病例随访6～25个月．平均12．3个月。6个月时X线片显示骨折线均已消失．获得骨性愈合；涉及关节面的骨折，术后关节功能均基本恢复正常。结论PDLLA可吸收螺钉是治疗松质骨骨折尤其是关节内骨折的理想内固定物。     

可吸收内固定物治疗关节内及周围骨折

目的：评价SR-PGA可吸收螺钉及固定捧手术治疗关节内及其周围骨折的效果。方法：采用SR-PGA可吸收螺钉及固定捧手术治疗关节内及其周围骨折24例。结果：本组病例中21例获得随访，平均随访26个月。结果优20例、良1例。21例骨折均骨性愈合无移位，1例皮下有特异性液体积聚。结论；该可吸收内固定材料是治疗关节内及其周围骨折较理想的内固定物。     

可吸收螺钉在近关节端松质骨骨折中的应用

目的评价可吸收螺钉在近关节端松质骨骨折临床应用效果。方法本组54例，平均年龄39岁。使用115枚可吸收螺钉治疗四肢关节端松质骨骨折，术前、手术当天及术后定期摄X线片，并观察局部及全身反应情况。结果术后平均随访12个月(6个月～3年)，所有病例骨折对位良好，达骨性愈合。肢体功能和关节活动无明显异常，无非特异性炎症反应表现。结论可吸收螺钉是近关节端松质骨骨折的理想内固定物，固定效果确切，生物相容性好，对人体无不良反应，不影响关节内骨折的愈合，免除二次手术取内固定物的痛苦。     

可吸收螺钉(棒)治疗关节周围骨折68例疗效观察

目的:探讨可吸收内固定物在骨折中的治疗效果。方法:在关节周围松质骨手术中选用不同直径的可吸收钉(棒)。结果:所有68病例均得到了完全愈合,无并发症。结论:可吸收内固定物在关节周围松质骨骨折的治疗中效果较佳。     

应用可吸收内固定物治疗股骨头骨折

作者报告从１９９３年１月－１９９５年１月应用可吸收ＳＲ－ＰＬＬＡ螺丝钉及棒内固定治疗股骨头骨折１２例，随访６－２４个月，平均１３个月，所有骨折均临床愈合，无再移位无伤口感染。作者认为：应用ＳＲ－ＰＬＬＡ内固定物溯凤骨头骨折，完全可以将骨折固定至愈合，对骨折愈合及术后功能无不良影响，它避免了金属内固定物留在关节内的后顾之忧，是位置较深的，关节较大的股骨头等松质骨骨折的理想内固定物。     

可吸收螺钉在关节内骨折的应用

目的探讨可吸收螺钉内固定治疗关节内骨折的临床效果. 方法回顾性分析1999年6月～2004年6月的69例关节内骨折患者,其中踝关节骨折42例,肱骨内外髁骨折19例,髋臼骨折8例,均行可吸收螺钉内固定手术. 结果平均随访19个月(4个月～5年),所有病例骨折均在伤后12周内愈合,关节活动无明显异常,优良67例,可2例. 结论可吸收螺钉内固定具有操作简便,固定可靠,临床效果良好等优点,避免了患者需再次手术取出内固定物的痛苦和负担.     

可吸收棒内固定治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折

目的探讨可吸收棒治疗陈旧性腕舟骨骨折的手术疗效。方法对17例陈旧性腕舟骨骨折,按Herbert分类:D1型4例,D2型11例,D3型2例,采用骨折切开复位自体松质骨植骨,可吸收棒内固定术。结果17例获得4~26个月随访,平均9个月。术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,骨折愈合时间8~19周,平均13周。腕关节活动范围掌屈[(49.5±8.5)°,x-±s,下同],(达健侧78.3%);背伸(41.5±4.5)°,(达健侧70.5%);桡偏(16.5±2.5)°,(达健侧57.1%);尺偏(24.5±5.5)°,(达健侧60.3%)。15例腕关节活动时无疼痛。2例有疼痛。腕部握力(24.7±3.1)kg,(达健侧83.2%)。术后X线片示17例均未发生腕骨性关节炎及舟骨缺血性坏死。结论可吸收棒治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折手术操作简单,固定牢靠,可缩短骨折愈合时间及提高骨折愈合率,是治疗陈旧性舟骨骨折的一种有效的手术方法。     

Tissue-implant interface at an absorbable fracture fixation plug made of polylactide in cancellous bone of distal rabbit femur

The tissue-implant interface at a self-reinforced poly-l-lactide (SR-PLLA) expansion plug implanted in distal rabbit femoral cancellous bone was studied histologically, histomorphometrically, and microradiographically in 35 rabbits during consolidation of a transverse transcondylar osteotomy fixed with the SR-PLLA expansion plug. The absorbable plug for internal fixation of fractures and osteotomies measured 4.5 mm in diameter and 30 mm in length and had an expandable distal locking blade system. The femoral specimens were harvested in groups of 5–10 rabbits after a follow-up time of 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. The intact controlateral femur served as a control. Vigorous osteogenic response to the implant was already observed at 3 weeks postoperatively, and the osteoid surface fraction at 24 weeks was still significantly higher than in the unoperated contralateral femur. Incomplete union of the osteotomy seemed to result in increased fibrous tissue formation at the tissue-implant boundary. No signs of degradation of the SR-PLLA was observed within the entire follow-up period. The number of inflammatory cells at the tissue-implant interface was low. Consequently, the short-term biocompatibility of the implant was deemed acceptable. Clinical application of the expansion plug is being planned.     

An analysis of different types of surgical fixation for avulsion fractures of the anterior tibial spine

This is a retrospective study of 25 patients, looking at the outcome of open reduction and fixation of displaced anterior tibial spine avulsion fractures with absorbable and non-absorbable materials. The mean period of follow-up was 44 months (range, 21 to 88 months). The results of surgery were assessed clinically and radiologically. Outcome was evaluated by using the Lysholm knee scoring system. Anterior cruciate ligament laxity was assessed by using a KT-1000 arthrometer and range of movements with a goniometer. Overall, children did better than adults, but age per se did not appear to affect the final outcome. There was no significant difference between children fixed with absorbable or non-absorbable materials. Adults fixed with non-absorbable material had significantly better results than those fixed with absorbable material. Herbert screws had a tendency to migrate into the bone substance, and are best avoided. Protected early mobilisation in a knee brace was found to be safe and helped to regain early range of movements in the knee joint.     

Immobilisierung und Frühmobilisierung von Malleolarfrakturen nach Osteosynthese mit resorbierbaren Schrauben

71 patients with displaced ankle fracture were treated by using absorbable screws in the fixation of fractures. The follow-up time was 17 (13 to 33) months in average. The fixation devices were SR-PLLA (self-reinforced poly-L-lactide) and SR-PGA (self-reinforced polyglycolide) screws. 38 of the ankle fractures were immobilized with plaster cast and 33 ankle joints were mobilized immediately with a brace. An exact radiological result was achieved in 66 cases, insignificant displacement was observed in four cases and the result was poor in one patient. The result was classified as excellent in 62 patients, as good in eight patients and as poor in one patient. The patients treated postoperatively without plaster healed in a somewhat shorter time, but at one year check-up the differences in the clinical results were almost eliminated. Selected ankle fractures fixed with absorbable screws can be treated postoperatively with early mobilization without plaster.     

Comparison of costs in ankle fractures treated with absorbable or metallic fixation devices

The economic costs of ankle fractures treated operatively with self-reinforced polyglycolide acid (SR-PGA) screws, with self-reinforced poly-L-lactide acid (SR-PLLA) screws or with metallic implants was determined. All patients were divided into three groups according to the fixation material used. Open and otherwise complicated fractures were excluded. The total expense of operations in each group was taken into account. The average total cost of an ankle fracture fixed with SR-PGA screws was £3503. In the SR-PLLA group it was £3906, and in the metallic group it was £4514. Total expenses were £1011 higher in the metallic group than in the SR-PGA group, and consequently, expenses in the metallic group were £608 higher than in the SR-PLLA group. According to this study, it seems that absorbable fixation devices are more economical than metallic implants in operative treatment of ankle fractures though as part of the differences in total expense in this series is due to the age of the patients and other dissimilarities between these groups, the results have to be interpreted carefully.     

Fixation of experimental osteotomies with absorbable polylactic acid screws.

Absorbable screws made of self-reinforced poly-L-lactic acid (SR-PLLA) and poly-DL/L-lactic acid (SR-PDLLA/PLLA) were used for fixation of cancellous bone osteotomies of the distal femur in rabbits. The initial molecular weight of PLLA was 260.000 and that of PDLLA 100.000. The follow-up times were from one week to 96 weeks. Seventy-two rabbits were operated on, 36 in the PLLA group and 36 in the PDLLA/PLLA group. After sacrifice, radiographic, micro-radiographic, histologic, histo-morphometric, and oxytetracycline-labelling studies were performed. In the PLLA group 34/36 (94%) osteotomies and in the PDLLA/PLLA group 31/36 (86%) osteotomies healed without delay or angular deformity. The present investigation shows that absorbable SR-polylactic acid screws are suitable for fixation of weight loading cancellous bone osteotomies in rabbits. Based on these promising results, a clinical study where cancellous bone fractures are fixed with SR-PLLA screws has been started.     

Healing of subcapital femoral osteotomies fixed with self-reinforced poly-L-lactide screws: an experimental long-term study in sheep

Subcapital femoral osteotomies of ten young adult sheep were fixed with two bioabsorbable, self-reinforced, poly- L-lactide (SR-PLLA) lag screws of 4.5 mm in diameter. At 3 weeks radiographs were taken to check the reduction and fixation achieved. After follow-up periods of 12 weeks, 1 year and 3 years with three sheep in each group, and of 7 years and 4 months with one sheep, the sheep were killed, and the healing of the osteotomies, degradation and tissue response of the implants were examined radiographically, histologically and microradiographically. All osteotomies healed with a firm bony union. There was no dislocation or wound infection. Histologically, there was no marked tissue response in the bone tissue. At 12 weeks the implants were grossly intact, at 1 year granulation tissue and new bone formation had started to penetrate into the implant, and at 3 years the implant area was mostly replaced by connective tissue and new bone, but implant material was still seen as little islands surrounded by some lymphocytes. At 7 years and 4 months, the implant material had been degraded and replaced by tight bone. Self-reinforced poly- L-lactide lag screws seem to possess adequate mechanical properties and good biocompatibility for this demanding fixation.     

儿童肱骨外髁骨折可吸收线张力带内固定

目的 探讨可吸收线张力带在儿童肱骨外髁骨折中的疗效。方法 对12例儿童肱骨外髁骨折行可吸收线张力带固定。结果 所有患者全部随访8～24个月，临床骨愈合时间为3～4周，肘关节伸屈功能正常，无肘内、外翻畸形。结论 此方法简单，内固定可靠，可早期锻炼，疗效满意。