全髋关节置换术后翻修术患者的护理

通过对10例全髋关节翻修术患者的护理，指出术前有针对性的心理疏导，术后严密观察病情、预防感染及假体关节脱位、指导功能锻炼是护理的关键。     

全髋关节翻修术后的康复护理

[目的]探讨全髋关节翻修术患者的康复护理和体会。[方法]对32例全髋关节翻修术患者重点加强心理护理,防治感染,预防髋关节脱位及早期康复训练等护理并分析其疗效。[结果]通过对全髋关节翻修术患者的康复护理,可以达到解除疼痛、恢复髋关节功能及双下肢的等长,临床疗效评定,其优良率达90%以上,无1例发生严重并发症。[结论]全髋关节翻修术后护理,尤其是加强心理护理、预防假体脱位和早期康复训练,对髋关节翻修术的治疗效果具有重要作用。     

人工全髋关节翻修术后的护理

目的 探讨人工全髋关节翻修术围手术期的护理方法与体会.方法 对20例人工全髋关节翻修术患者进行认真的术前、术后护理,预防并发症,指导患者及时进行功能锻炼.结果 本组20例患者均顺利完成了翻修手术,无感染和深静脉血栓的发生,髋关节效果满意.结论 人工全髋关节翻修手术创伤大,做好术前心理护理、认真术前准备,术后及时监测生命...     

翻修性全髋关节置换术的手术室整体护理

目的:总结翻修性全髋关节置换手术护理的经验,探讨手术室整体护理经验.方法;回顾性分析因术后因髋臼磨损、股骨柄位置不良、感染、脱位、无菌性松动或各种技术因素造成人工关节置换手术失败,需要再次手术翻修.对此手术进行手术室整体护理.主要包括熟悉手术步骤,熟练掌握嚣械的使用方法及用途,严格的无菌技术.结果:手术过程顺利,手术成功.经整体护理,患者均未发生术后感染及其他并发症,所有患者术后髋关节功能恢复良好.结论:熟练的手术配合及有效的手术间管理为翻修性全髋关节置换术提供保障.推行手术室整体护理,对于成功实施翻修性全髋关节置换术及其术后康复起着重要作用.     

髋关节置换术后翻修原因分析

１９７４年～１９９１年对２６４例老年股骨颈骨折、股骨头缺血坏死、髋关节骨性关节炎患者行髋人工关节置换，其中人工股骨头置换１５０例，全髋关节置换１１４例。术后因假体松动、下沉、脱位，髋臼磨损等原因，引起患者疼痛，功能障碍而行翻修术１５例，翻修率为５．７％，翻修时间为术后５年～１６年，平均７．４年。翻修手术为人工股骨头再置换术３例，全髋关节置换术１２例。翻修术后随访２年～６年，平均４．７年。按Ｊａｃｏｂｓ法评价，优１１例，占７３％；良３例，占２０％；可１例，占７％。翻修原因主要与假体松动、下沉，髋臼磨损，髋臼软骨切取不彻底，臼窝太浅，植入假体时存有血迹等有关。     

人工股骨头置换术后全髋关节翻修术的临床研究

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术后全髋关节翻修术的手术指征和技巧。方法回顾性分析1997年6月至2000年6月行人工股骨头置换术后全髋关节翻修术的56例患者的临床资料。其中男性31例,女性25例;年龄64—75岁,平均68岁。翻修原因中,人工股骨头置换术后髋臼磨损29例（51．8％）,髋臼磨损及股骨头中心性脱位14例（25．0％）,股骨柄松动12例（21．4％）,股骨柄断裂1例（1．8％）。Harris评分术前平均37分（28～40分）。所有病例均一期翻修,有骨质缺损者同时植骨。结果49例患者术后获得平均7年（5—8年）随访,7例失访。末次随访Harris评分平均88分（84～90分）。全部病例术后无伤口感染和神经血管损伤。5例患者出现并发症,其中扩髓时骨皮质不全骨折1例,术后下肢深静脉血栓3例,髋关节脱位1例。随访患者中无髋臼及股骨柄假体需要再度翻修。X线片显示人工关节假体位置正常,无松动感染征象。结论髋臼磨损及股骨头中心性脱位是人工股骨头置换术后全髋关节翻修的主要原因。中期临床随访结果显示,若手术指征正确,手术技巧娴熟,该翻修手术可以获得良好的临床效果。     

全髋关节置换术患者的康复护理

目的探讨人工全髋关节置换术前后早期进行科学功能康复训练的效果。方法制定一整套人工全髋关节置换术围手术期功能康复训练程序，掌握训练进度，采取尽早开始、循序渐进、个别对待、随时调整、持之以恒的原则。结果本组68例全髋关节置换术．髋关节功能按Charnley标准评分，疗效判定优31例，良18例，可15例，差4例，优良率72％。结论功能康复训练程序具有康复快、关节功能恢复效果好、并发症少的特点。     

人工髋关节置换术后翻修原因分析

目的:分析人工髋关节置换术后翻修的原因,并评价其疗效。方法:本组30例(31髋)行人工髋关节置换术后翻修术,男12例,女18例,平均年龄63.1岁(47~74岁)。初次关节置换类型:全髋置换19例(20髋),人工股骨头置换11例。翻修原因:3例(3髋)为感染性松动,余均为无菌性松动。翻修距初次手术时间:1年以内1髋,2~3年3髋,8~10年21髋,10~15年6髋。翻修假体类型:均为混合型假体,国产12例(12髋),进口18例(19髋)。X线评价包括翻修前骨缺损,翻修前后的下肢长度,股骨偏心距,前倾角。临床功能评价采用Harris评分。结果:30例均获随访,平均随访时间4.1年,术后所有患者双下肢基本等长(差距小于1 cm)。偏心距、前倾角、颈干角恢复至初次手术前水平,术后3个月均完全负重,髋关节疼痛除2例外其余完全缓解,至最后1次随访时,按Harris评分,优16髋,良10髋,可4髋,差1髋。无感染及髋关节脱位发生。结论:翻修的常见原因为无菌性松动、髋臼磨损和感染性松动;髋关节翻修是一种近期疗效满意的方法。     

人工髋关节置换术后脱位原因分析及其护理

对104例病人行人工髋关节置换术,术后发生脱位3例.认为体位不当、外伤、翻修是脱位的主要原因.提出对病人采用闭合复位后患肢行皮牵引于外展中立位3～4周;牵引过程中加强护理,以预防压疮、肺炎、深静脉血栓及指导患肢功能锻炼为主,可保证术后恢复.     

全髋关节置换术后假体脱位的防护

目的探讨预防全髋关节置换术后假体脱位的护理方法。方法对75例全髋关节置换术患者做好围术期护理及功能锻炼指导。结果75例患者无1例发生假体脱位，均能进行日常生活。结论术前护理指导、术后正确搬动患者、保持髋关节正确位置、加强功能锻炼及出院指导，是预防THA术后假体脱位、提高手术成功率的重要措施。     

全髋关节置换术后假体脱位的防护

目的 探讨预防全髋关节置换术后假体脱位的护理方法.方法 对75例全髋关节置换术患者做好围术期护理及功能锻炼指导.结果 75例患者无1例发生假体脱位,均能进行日常生活.结论 术前护理指导、术后正确搬动患者、保持髋关节正确位置、加强功能锻炼及出院指导,是预防THA术后假体脱位、提高手术成功率的重要措施.     

微创双切口全髋关节置换术患者的术后护理

目的探讨微创双切口全髋关节置换术的术后护理.方法对24例行微创双切口全髋关节置换患者予术后常规护理,预防感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成及脂肪栓塞等并发症,分步骤的康复训练及做好出院指导.结果术后第2天患者能做主动的直腿抬高动作,术后功能改善明显,未发生护理并发症.结论微创双切口全髋关节置换术具有损伤小、恢复快、关节功能保存好等优点,术后给予正确的指导及护理,能避免并发症的发生,提高手术成功率.     

国内造血干细胞移植的经济分析及对策

目的 探讨微创双切口全髋关节置换术的术后护理。方法 对24例行微创双切口全髋关节置换患者予术后常规护理，预防感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成反脂肪栓塞等并发症，分步骤的康复训练反做好出院指导。结果 术后第2天患者能做主动的直腿抬高动作，术后功能改善明显，未发生护理并发症。结论 微创双切口全髋关节置换术具有损伤小、恢复快、关节功能保存好等优点，术后给予正确的指导反护理，能避免并发症的发生，提高手术成功率。     

Mortality After Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundIn counseling patients about the complications of revision total hip arthroplasty (revTHA), it is imperative that mortality be considered. The actual mortality rate by indication of revision is ill-defined. The purpose of this study is to determine the mortality rate after revTHA.MethodsAn institutional database identified 596 patients who had undergone revTHA between 2012 and 2018. Medical records, national, state, and local death indexes were queried for mortality status and indication for revTHA. For survivors, the last clinical visit date was used for censoring in the mortality analysis. Mortality rates were calculated for all clinical patients and then by specific indication for revision.ResultsThe overall 2-year mortality rate following revTHA was 19.5 deaths per 1000 or 1 in 51 patients. Patients presenting with a periprosthetic fracture had a significantly higher 2-year mortality rate of 74.5 deaths per 1000 or 1 in 13 patients (P < .001), while an indication of dislocation or instability had a slightly higher 2-year mortality rate of 50.3 per 1000 (1 in 20) but this difference was not significant (P = .531). Other indications such as mechanical loosening or infection did not have a significantly different mortality rate.ConclusionThe overall 2-year mortality rate following revTHA was 19.5 deaths per 1000 which was largely attributed to patients with a periprosthetic fracture (74.5 per 1000) with other indications not significantly impacting mortality. Mortality rates and specific rates by indication for revision should be considered when counseling patients prior to revTHA.     

髋臼骨折后的全髋关节置换初步疗效观察

目的　探讨髋臼骨折治疗失败后全髋关节置换的方法及临床疗效。方法　回顾性地总结分析本院近三年来 10例髋臼骨折后行全髋关节置换病例髋臼重建的方法以及临床疗效。结果　 10例髋臼骨折后行全髋关节置换的病例均取得了良好的临床疗效 ,术后髋关节功能有明显改善 ,Harris评分较术前提高 44分。结论　髋臼骨折后全髋关节置换重建髋关节功能临床疗效满意 ,是一种很好的治疗方法。     

Fatal Pulmonary Embolism After Total Hip Replacement

A retrospective study of fatal pulmonary embolism (FPE) was carried out in 1,324 cases of total hip replacement (THR), performed during 1969 to 1978. Dextran 70 (Macrodex® 6 per cent in saline, Pharmacia AB, Sweden) was given as thromboembolic prophylaxis. Sixteen patients died within 3 months. Autopsy was performed in 14 cases. Nine died from embolism, which makes an incidence of 0.7 per cent. Autopsy was performed in 8 of these cases. Seven patients died during the second and third week. Five patients had complained of acute chest pain and 4 of them had chest radiograms taken, which were normal. Only one patient had clinical symptoms of deep vein thromboses. Perfusion lung scan was performed as a screening procedure in 3 cases, all of them showing defects typical of pulmonary embolism. Four patients died from FPE, despite heparin therapy for 3–5 days. A comparison between patients with FPE and a control group showed that premonitory attacks of acute chest pain and previous operations for orthopaedic reasons were significantly more common in patients with FPE (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05), respectively). No difference could be found between the groups concerning blood loss, amount of transfusion, sex, operated side, type of prosthesis and weight.     

Fat and Thromboembolism After Total Hip Replacement

Three patients who died after total hip replacement were subjected to a necropsy examination. the object of this was to determine whether there was any evidence of a relationship between fat emboli produced by the surgery and thrombotic complications.

All three patients showed extensive fat embolisation in the lungs and antemortem thrombosis. in two of these the morphological relationship between these two phenomena was such that it seems likely that the fat emboli preceded and caused the thrombosis.