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1.
付聪  谢林  吴和珍  杨艳芳 《中国药师》2013,(11):1639-1641
目的:测定关节熏洗汤剂中升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱:Agilent Zorbax SB-C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-乙腈-水(12:10:78);检测波长:254 nm;流速:1 ml·min~(-1);柱温:30℃。结果:升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的线性范围分别为0.035~0.350μg和0.037~0.370μg(r分别为0.999 9和0.999 8),平均回收率分别为101.49%(RSD=2.5%)、98.77%(RSD=2.2%)。结论:升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的含量测定为关节熏洗汤剂的疗效提供了初步依据。  相似文献   

2.
江月华 《中南药学》2014,(5):472-475
目的采用高效液相梯度洗脱法建立复方荆芥熏洗剂中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、齐墩果酸和熊果酸含量测定方法。方法 Hypersil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流速:1.1 mL·min-1;流动相A为乙腈-甲醇(2:1),流动相B为1%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长分别为254 nm(升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷)和205 nm(齐墩果酸和熊果酸)。结果升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、齐墩果酸和熊果酸分别在0.028 40.568 0μg(r=0.999 7)、0.022 60.568 0μg(r=0.999 7)、0.022 60.452 0μg(r=0.999 8)、0.010 80.452 0μg(r=0.999 8)、0.010 80.216 0μg(r=0.999 3)、0.035 80.216 0μg(r=0.999 3)、0.035 80.716 0μg(r=0.999 5)进样量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.2%、98.0%、96.9%、97.7%,RSD(n=6)分别为0.85%、0.54%、0.93%、1.4%。结论方法简便、准确、灵敏、重复性好,可作为复方荆芥熏洗剂中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、齐墩果酸和熊果酸的含量控制方法。  相似文献   

3.
目的建立同时测定产灵丸(防风、苍术、白术等19味药物)中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、苍术素醇和苍术素4种成分的高效液相色谱法。方法色谱柱为依利特C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速为1.3 mL/min;检测波长:254 nm(升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷)、337 nm(苍术素醇、苍术素);柱温为30℃。结果升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、苍术素醇和苍术素质量浓度分别在5.22~104.40μg/mL(r=0.999 3)、4.95~99.00μg/mL(r=0.999 7)、4.89~97.80μg/mL(r=0.9995)、6.34~126.80μg/mL(r=0.999 2)时与其峰面积线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为98.79%、97.21%、100.07%、96.90%,RSD(n=6)分别为1.19%、1.13%、0.89%、0.85%。结论该定量测定方法简便、结果准确可靠并且重现性好,可作为产灵丸中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、苍术素醇和苍术素的质量控制。  相似文献   

4.
目的建立同时测定辛防通窍片中升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量的高效液相色谱法。方法采用资生堂MG C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(16∶84)为流动相,检测波长为254 nm,流速为1.0 mL/min,进样量为10μL,柱温为25℃。结果升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷进样量分别在0.151 2~6.048 0μg(r=0.999 99,n=8)和0.060 0~2.400 0μg(r=1.000 00,n=8)范围内与相应峰面积有良好线性关系,平均回收率分别为101.79%(RSD=1.44%)和101.32%(RSD=1.40%)。结论该法操作简便、结果准确、专属性强,可用于辛防通窍片的质量控制。  相似文献   

5.
目的建立RP-HPLC法同时测定九味羌活丸中升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、黄芩苷和汉黄芩苷5种有效成分的含量。方法采用Kromasil C_(18)(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,柱温为35℃,流动相为乙腈(A)-体积分数0.05%的磷酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L·min~(-1),检测波长为254 nm。结果升麻素苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、黄芩苷和汉黄芩苷分别在质量浓度0.684~6.84、0.226~2.26、1.20~12.0、20.9~209和3.84~38.4 mg·L~(-1)内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8,n=6),平均回收率分别为100.3%、100.2%、99.7%、101.0%和100.7%(RSD在1.0%~1.3%内,n=9)。结论该方法可用于九味羌活丸的质量控制。  相似文献   

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目的建立同时测定肿痛安胶囊中:天麻素、升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量的HPLC法。方法色谱柱:Phenomenex Luna C_(18)柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流速:1.0mL·min~(-1);柱温:25℃;流动相:甲醇-水梯度洗脱;检测波长:230nm;进样量:5μL。结果天麻素质量浓度在12.46~199.30μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好,r_1=0.999 5,平均回收率为101.2%,RSD值为1.6%(n=6);升麻素苷质量浓度在12.07~193.20μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好,r_2=0.999 7,平均回收率为100.1%,RSD值为1.8%(n=6);5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷质量浓度在8.12~129.90μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好,r_3=0.999 8,平均回收率为99.1%,RSD值为1.7%(n=6);欧前胡素质量浓度在12.52~200.40μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好,r_4=0.999 6,平均回收率为98.6%,RSD值为1.4%(n=6);异欧前胡素质量浓度在12.65~202.40μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好,r_5=0.999 6,平均回收率为99.0%,RSD值为0.7%(n=6)。结论该方法简单、准确,可同时测定5种成分的含量,可用于肿痛安胶囊的质量控制。  相似文献   

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摘要:目的:建立测定藿香清胃片中栀子苷、升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的含量方法。方法:采用HPLC法,栀子苷含量测定色谱条件:色谱柱:Shim-pack VP-ODS-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm);流动相:乙腈水(12∶88);流速:1.0 ml·min?-1;柱温:30℃;检测波长:240 nm。升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量测定色谱条件:色谱柱:Shim-pack VP-ODS-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm);流动相:乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 ml·min?-1;柱温:30℃;检测波长:254 nm。结果:栀子苷、升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷分别在26.020~260.200μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9)、4.514~45.140μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9)、5.131~51.310μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为99.72%,100.85%,97.78%,RSD分别为1.15%,1.83%,1.04%(n=6)。结论:所建立的方法专属性强,重复性和耐受性好,可用于藿香清胃片中栀子苷、升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的含量测定。  相似文献   

8.
《中国药房》2018,(5):625-628
目的:建立同时测定辛夷鼻炎丸中升麻素苷、甘草苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、甘草酸铵含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱切换波长法对A、B、C 3家企业共52批次辛夷鼻炎丸样品进行含量测定。色谱柱为Kromasil C18,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为220 nm(升麻素苷、甘草苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷)和250 nm(甘草酸铵),柱温为30℃,进样量为10μL。结果:升麻素苷、甘草苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、甘草酸铵检测质量浓度线性范围分别为6.138~122.77μg/m L(r=0.999 9)、2.502~50.03μg/m L(r=0.999 9)、5.988~119.75μg/m L(r=0.999 9)、12.788~255.76μg/m L(r=0.999 9);精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均<2.0%(n=6);加样回收率分别为100.32%(RSD=0.58%,n=6)、100.24%(RSD=0.56%,n=6)、101.28%(RSD=0.91%,n=6)、101.48%(RSD=0.79%,n=6)。A企业的4种成分含量测定总值普遍高于B、C企业,其中甘草苷的差异尤为显著;B企业的升麻素苷含量高于A、C企业,而5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷却低于A、C企业;B企业甘草苷的含量均是离群值。结论:该方法操作简便、重复性好,可为辛夷鼻炎丸的质量控制提供参考。  相似文献   

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邵留英  金婷  陈颖  瞿发林 《中国药师》2012,15(9):1286-1288
目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定舒筋通络酒中升麻苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为Lichrospher C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,10μm);流动相为乙腈-0.05%磷酸(12∶88);检测波长为254 nm;柱温为40℃;流速为1.0ml.min-1。结果:升麻苷在0.098~0.491μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9);5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷在0.135~0.675μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率分别为98.41%(RSD=1.84%),99.28%(RSD=1.56%)。结论:本法简单、方便、准确,可测定该制剂升麻苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的含量。  相似文献   

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目的应用HPLC,建立同时测定痹可通散中升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷和苍术素含量的方法。方法 Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-乙腈(体积比为2∶1)为流动相A,以体积分数为0.1%的磷酸水溶液为流动相B,梯度洗脱,检测波长:300 nm,流速:1.0 ml·min~(-1),柱温:30℃;进样量:20μL。结果升麻素苷、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷和苍术素的线性分别为10.00~60.00、10.00~60.00、14.00~84.00 mg·L~(-1),相关系数分别为0.999 7、0.999 6、0.999 6,平均回收率分别为98.7%、98.1%、97.7%,RSD分别为1.7%、1.6%、1.5%(n=6)。结论所建立的方法为痹可通散的质量标准提供实验依据。  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

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Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation.  相似文献   

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In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

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