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1.
Alenka Ličar Petra Cerkovnik Srdjan Novaković 《Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)》2011,28(4):1048-1053
Numerous clinical studies have shown that anti-EGFR therapies are effective only in a subset of patients with colorectal cancer.
Even though mutations in the KRAS gene have been confirmed as negative predictors of the response to EGFR-targeted therapies, not all KRAS wild-type (wt-KRAS) patients will respond to treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that additionally wild-type BRAF (wt-BRAF) genotype is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab, suggesting that BRAF genotype criteria should be used together with KRAS genotype for selecting the patients who are about to benefit from the
anti-EGFR therapy. In this study, 239 samples obtained from 215 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were tested for
the presence of the seven most common mutations in the KRAS gene and the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene. Among the tested patients, 53.8% of patients had wt-KRAS genotype and 46.2% were KRAS mutants. Around five percent (5.1%) of the tested patients bore the V600E mutation in BRAF gene. All the patients showing to have the V600E mutation in BRAF were wt-KRAS. The concordance of KRAS and BRAF mutational status between primary and metastatic tumor tissue samples was 100%. We have shown that the proportions of mutated
and non-mutated KRAS in Slovene patients, as well as the proportion of V600E mutations in BRAF is similar to genotyping results reported by other authors. The tested seven KRAS mutations on codons 12 and 13 were mutually exclusive with the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene. Summing up the results about the KRAS and the BRAF mutation carriers from our study, the portion of potentially non-responsive patients for the anti-EGFR treatment is 51.3%. 相似文献
2.
Bernard Paule Vincent Castagne Véronique Picard Raphaël Saffroy René Adam Catherine Guettier Robert Farinotti Laurence Bonhomme-Faivre 《Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England)》2010,27(4):1066-1072
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism on the therapeutic response in 23 patients treated with cetuximab plus irinotecan for irinotecan refractory
liver metastatic colorectal cancer considering their KRAS status. Indeed, irinotecan and its active metabolite (SN-38) are both substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by MDR1. Patients received cetuximab and irinotecan up to progression. The overall survival was 55% at 10 months. Overall, four patients
had an undetermined KRAS status and two patients with mutated KRAS were in progression disease. The response to treatment was observed after 3 months among the 17 wild-type KRAS patients. Two patients presented a progressive disease (1 TT and 1 CT), eight patients had a stable disease (5 CC and 3CT)
and five patients had a partial response (3 CC and 2 CT). Importantly, 2 patients (2 TT) were in complete response and still
alive 5 years after starting the treatment, which suggests that the combination of wild-type KRAS and MDR1 3435 TT may be a factor of good prognosis. These results suggest that EGFR inhibition by cetuximab may overcome this irinotecan
resistance by abrogating drug efflux depending on MDR1 3435 polymorphism. Among patients resistant to irinotecan, it is still possible to use the association of cetuximab plus
irinotecan to obtain a complete resection of hepatic metastases that is necessary to improve their survival. 相似文献
3.
Common genetic variations in the leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) genes have been considered to be implicated in the development of breast cancer. However, the results were inconsistent.
In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the associations of five polymorphisms, including LEP G2548A, LEPR Q223R, LEPR Lys109Arg, PON1 L55M, and PON1 Q192R polymorphisms, with breast cancer risk. Published literature from PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase databases, CNKI,
and Wanfang Data were retrieved. All studies evaluating the association between LEP G2548A, LEPR Q223R, LEPR Lys109Arg, PON1 L55M, or PON1 Q192R polymorphism and breast cancer risk were included. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated
using fixed- or random-effects model. Three studies (2,003 cases and 1,967 controls) for LEP G2548A polymorphism, nine studies (4,627 cases and 5,476 controls) for LEPR Q223R polymorphism, five studies (2,759 cases and 2,573 controls) for LEPR Lys109Arg polymorphism, four studies (1,517 cases and 1,379 controls) for PON1 L55M polymorphism, and five studies (1,575 cases and 2,283 controls) for PON1 Q192R polymorphism were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the results showed null significant association between LEP G2548A, LEPR Q223R, LEPR Lys109Arg, or PON1 Q192R polymorphism and breast cancer risk; however, PON1 L55M was significantly associated with breast cancer risk overall (MM vs. LL: OR = 2.16; 95% CI, 1.76–2.66). For LEPR Q223R polymorphism, further subgroup analysis suggested that the association was only statistically significant in East Asians
(OR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.36–0.70) but not in Caucasians (OR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.77–1.45) or Africans (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 0.83–2.03).
The present meta-analysis suggested that LEPR Q223R polymorphism might be implicated in the development of breast cancer in East Asians; PON1 L55M might increase breast cancer risk. However, given the limited sample size, the findings warrant further investigation. 相似文献
4.
Slattery ML Sweeney C Wolff R Herrick J Baumgartner K Giuliano A Byers T 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2007,104(2):197-209
Background An insulin-related pathway to breast cancer has been hypothesized.
Methods We examine the 19 CA repeat of the IGF1 gene, the -202 C > A IGFBP3, the G972R IRS, and the G1057D IRS2 polymorphisms among 1,175 non-Hispanic white (NHW) and 576 Hispanic newly diagnosed breast cancer cases and 1,330 NHW and
727 Hispanic controls living in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah.
Results Among post-menopausal women not recently exposed to hormones, not having the 19 CA repeat of IGF1 gene was associated with breast cancer among NHW women [odds ratio (OR) 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–3.79] and
having an R allele of G972R IRS1 increased breast cancer risk among Hispanic women (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.13–6.46). Among post-menopausal Hispanic women recently
exposed to hormones the A allele of the -202 C > A IGFBP3 polymorphism increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.06–2.33). The IGF1 19 CA repeat polymorphism interacted with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among NHW post-menopausal women; women who had
the 19/19 IGF1 genotype were at reduced risk of breast cancer (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47–0.88) if they did not use HRT. We also observed interaction
between body mass index and IGF1 19 CA repeat (p=0.06) and between weight gain and the -202 C > A IGFBP3 polymorphism (p=0.05) in NHW post-menopausal women not recently exposed to hormones.
Conclusions Our data suggest that associations between insulin-related genes and breast cancer risk among women living in the Southwestern
United States may be dependent on estrogen exposure and may differ by ethnicity. 相似文献
5.
Weijenberg MP Lüchtenborg M de Goeij AF Brink M van Muijen GN de Bruïne AP Goldbohm RA van den Brandt PA 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2007,18(8):865-879
Objective To investigate baseline fat intake and the risk of colon and rectal tumors lacking MLH1 (mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis
type 2) repair gene expression and harboring mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumor suppressor gene and in the KRAS (v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) oncogene.
Methods After 7.3 years of follow-up of the Netherlands Cohort Study (n = 120,852), adjusted incidence rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed, based on 401 colon and 130
rectal cancer patients.
Results Total, saturated and monounsaturated fat were not associated with the risk of colon or rectal cancer, or different molecular
subgroups. There was also no association between polyunsaturated fat and the risk of overall or subgroups of rectal cancer.
Linoleic acid, the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diet, was associated with increased risk of colon tumors
with only a KRAS mutation and no additional truncating APC mutation or lack of MLH1 expression (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.18–1.69 for one standard deviation (i.e., 7.5 g/day) increase in
intake, p-trend over the quartiles of intake <0.001). Linoleic acid intake was not associated with risk of colon tumors without any
of the gene defects, or with tumors harboring aberrations in either MLH1 or APC.
Conclusion Linoleic acid intake is associated with colon tumors with an aberrant KRAS gene, but an intact APC gene and MLH1 expression, suggesting a unique etiology of tumors with specific genetic aberrations. 相似文献
6.
Łukasz Kruszyna Margarita Lianeri Małgorzata Rydzanicz Krzysztof Szyfter Paweł P. Jagodziński 《Pathology oncology research : POR》2010,16(2):223-227
The SDF1-3’ G801A (rs 1801157) polymorphism is associated with increased risk of various types of cancers, including those of the neck
and head. Using PCR-RFLPs, we investigated the distribution of SDF1-3′ G801A genotypes in patients with laryngeal cancer (n = 118) and controls (n = 250) in Poland. We found that patients with SDF1-3’ A/A and G/A genotypes exhibit a 1.863-fold increased risk of laryngeal cancer (95% CI = 1.177–2.949, p = 0.0086). However, there was no significant increase in risk for the homozygous SDF1-3’ A/A genotype OR = 3.235 (95% CI = 0.5330−19.633, p = 0.3329). We also did not observe a significant association between tumor characteristics and prevalence of alleles or genotypes
for the SDF1-3′ G801A polymorphism. Our findings suggest that the SDF1-3'A variant may be associated with an increased risk of laryngeal cancer. 相似文献
7.
Teresa Warchoł Łukasz Kruszyna Margarita Lianeri Andrzej Roszak Paweł P. Jagodziński 《Pathology oncology research : POR》2011,17(1):133-137
We examined the distribution of the CCND1 A870G (rs9344) polymorphic variant in patients with cervical cancer (n = 129) and healthy individuals (n = 288) in a sample of a Polish cohort. We showed that patients with advanced cervical cancer bearing the CCND1 A/A and A/G genotypes displayed a 1.811-fold increased risk of cervical cancer (95% CI = 1.150–2.852, p = 0.0098). We also found a significantly higher frequency of the CCND1 870A allele in patients with cancer than in controls, p = 0.0116. Our investigation confirmed that the CCND1 870A gene variant may be a genetic risk factor in the incidence of advanced cervical cancer. 相似文献
8.
Slattery ML Curtin K Giuliano AR Sweeney C Baumgartner R Edwards S Wolff RK Baumgartner KB Byers T 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2008,109(1):101-111
We evaluated the association between smoking and risk of breast cancer in non-Hispanic white (NHW) and Hispanic or American
Indian (HAI) women living in the Southwestern United States. Data on lifetime exposure to active and passive smoke data were
available from 1527 NHW cases and 1601 NHW controls; 798 HAI cases and 924 HAI controls. Interleukin 6 (IL6) and Estrogen Receptor alpha (ESR1) polymorphisms were assessed in conjunction with smoking. Pack-years of smoking (≥15) were associated with increased risk
of pre-menopausal breast cancer among NHW women (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2. 4). Passive smoke increased risk of pre-menopausal
breast cancer for HAI women (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.1 everyone; OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2–4.5 nonsmokers). HAI pre-menopausal women
who were exposed to 10+ h of passive smoke per week and had the rs2069832 IL6 GG genotype had over a fourfold increased risk of breast cancer (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.5–12.8; P for interaction 0.01). Those with the ESR1 Xba1 AA genotype had a threefold increased risk of breast cancer if they smoked ≥15 pack-years relative to non-smokers (P interaction 0.01). These data suggest that breast cancer risk is associated with active and passive smoking. 相似文献
9.
Karen‐Lise Garm Spindler Niels Pallisgaard Rikke Fredslund Andersen Anders Jakobsen 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2014,135(9):2215-2222
KRAS and BRAF mutations are responsible for primary resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) MoAbs in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but it is unknown what causes wildtype (wt) patients to develop resistance during treatment. We measured circulating free DNA (cfDNA), KRAS and BRAF in plasma and report the changes during third line treatment with cetuximab and irinotecan. One‐hundred‐and‐eight patients received irinotecan 350 mg/m2 q3w and weekly cetuximab (250 mg/m2) until progression (RECIST) or unacceptable toxicity. cfDNA and number of mutated KRAS/BRAF alleles in plasma at baseline and before each cycle was analyzed by an in‐house qPCR. cfDNA and pKRAS levels decreased from baseline to cycle three and increased at time of progression (p = 0.008). The decrease was larger in responding patients than in non‐responding (p < 0.05). Two patients with primary mutant disease had different types of mutations detected in the plasma, including synchronous KRAS and BRAF. Twelve patients had a primary KRAS mutant tumor, but wild‐type disease according to baseline plasma analysis, eight of these obtained stabilization of disease. In five patients with primary wt disease a mutation appeared in plasma before radiological evidence of progression. Loss of mutations may explain observed benefit of treatment in primary mutant disease, whereas appearance of mutations during therapy may be responsible for acquired resistance in primary wt disease. Benefit from EGFR MoAbs may be influenced by the quantitative level of mutational alleles rather than by mutational status alone, and plasma levels of cfDNA, KRAS and BRAF could be used to monitor patients during treatment. 相似文献
10.
N. Kramkimel A. Thomas-Schoemann L. Sakji JL. Golmard G. Noe E. Regnier-Rosencher N. Chapuis E. Maubec M. Vidal MF. Avril F. Goldwasser L. Mortier N. Dupin B. Blanchet 《Targeted oncology》2016,11(1):59-69
Vemurafenib is a BRAF kinase inhibitor approved for first-line treatment of metastatic BRAF V600 -mutant melanoma. However, data on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship are lacking. The aim of this prospective, multicenter study was to explore the PK/PD relationship for vemurafenib in outpatients with advanced BRAF-mutated melanoma. Fifty-nine patients treated with single-agent vemurafenib were prospectively analyzed. Vemurafenib plasma concentration (n?=?159) was measured at days 15, 30, 60, and 90 after treatment initiation. Clinical and biological determinants (including plasma vemurafenib concentration) for efficacy and safety were assessed using Cox's model and multivariate stepwise logistic regression. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 5.0 (95 % confidence interval [95 % CI] 2.0–6.0) and 11.0 (95% CI 7.0–16.0) months, respectively. Twenty-nine patients (49 %) experienced any grade ≥3 toxicity and the most frequent grade ≥2 toxicity was skin rash (37 %). Severe toxicities led to definitive discontinuation in seven patients (12 %). Grade ≥2 skin rash was not statistically associated with better objective response at day 60 (p?=?0.06) and longer PFS (hazard ratio 0.47; 95 % CI 0.21–1.08; p?=?0.075). Grade ≥2 skin rash was statistically increased in patients with ECOG ?≥?1 (odds ratio 4.67; 95 % CI 1.39–15.70; p?=?0.012). Vemurafenib concentration below 40.4 mg/L at day 15 was significantly associated with a shorter PFS (1.5 [0.5–5.5] vs. 4.5 [2–undetermined] months, p?=?0.029). Finally, vemurafenib concentration was significantly greater in patients developing grade ≥2 rash (61.7?±?25.0 vs. 36.3?±?17.9 mg/L, p?<?0.0001). These results suggest that early plasma drug monitoring may help identify outpatients at high risk of non-response or grade ≥?2 skin rash. 相似文献
11.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between TCF7L2 rs12255372(G/T) or rs7903146(C/T) polymorphism and breast cancer risk, and clinico-pathologic characteristics of the patients.
Genotyping of these polymorphisms was performed on 387 breast cancer patients and 252 normal and healthy women who had no
history of any malignancy using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) method in a
hospital-based Malaysian population. The allele (P = 0.033) frequency of rs7903146 (T) polymorphism was significantly higher in the cancer patients than normal individuals.
No significant association was demonstrated between CT (ORadj = 1.386; 95% CI, 0.985–1.949) or TT (ORadj = 1.579; 95% CI, 0.869–2.870) genotype and breast cancer risk. However, women who were carriers of T allele (ORadj = 1.316; 95% CI, 1.022–1.695) or T allele genotype (ORadj = 1.419; 95% CI, 1.027–1.960) showed significant increased risk of breast cancer. Women who were GT heterozygotes (ORadj = 1.329; 95% CI, 0.948–1.862) or TT homozygotes (ORadj = 1.574; 95% CI, 0.829–2.987), and carriers of T allele genotype (ORadj = 1.365; 95% CI, 0.989–1.883) or T allele (ORadj = 1.284; 95% CI, 0.995–1.657) were not associated with breast cancer risk. The rs7903146(T) allele genotype was significantly
associated with nodal involvement (P = 0.003) but rs12255372 (T) allele genotype was not associated with the clinico-pathologic characteristics. In conclusion,
our findings suggest that rs7903146 (T) variant may elevate the risk of breast cancer, thus could be a potential candidate
for breast cancer susceptibility. The variant may also increase the metastatic potential of the tumor. 相似文献
12.
Tse D Zhai R Zhou W Heist RS Asomaning K Su L Lynch TJ Wain JC Christiani DC Liu G 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2008,19(10):1077-1083
Purpose Functional variation in DNA repair capacity through single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of key repair genes is associated
with a higher risk of developing various types of cancer. Studies have focused on the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and
base excision repair (BER) pathways. We investigated whether variant alleles in seven SNPs within these pathways increased
the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Methods DNA was extracted from prospectively collected blood specimens. The samples were genotyped for SNPs in NER genes (XPD Lys751Gln, XPD Asp312Asn, ERCC1 8092C/A, and ERCC1 118C/T), and BER genes (XRCC1 Arg399Gln, APE1 Asp148Glu, and hOGG1 Ser326Cys). The presence of variant alleles was correlated with risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma both individually and jointly.
Results Variant alleles in NER SNPs XPD Lys751Gln (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.1–2.0), ERCC1 8092 C/A (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.1–1.9), and ERCC1 118C/T (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.0–1.9) were individually associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk. An increasing number of variant
alleles in NER SNPs showed a significant trend with esophageal adenocarcinoma risk (p = 0.007).
Conclusions The presence of variant alleles in NER genes increases risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. There is evidence of an additive
role for SNPs along a common DNA repair pathway. Future larger studies of esophageal adenocarcinoma etiology should evaluate
entire biological pathways. 相似文献
13.
Gustavo Jacob Lourenço Erika Furquim Soledade Neves Silva José Augusto Rinck-Junior Carlos Takahiro Chone Carmen Silvia Passos Lima 《Tumour biology》2011,32(6):1209-1215
We examined the influence of the CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms, involved in carcinogen metabolism, on the head and neck (HN) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) risk. DNA from
142 HNSCC patients and 142 controls was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism
or multiplex-PCR for the polymorphisms analyses. Excesses of the CYP1A1 4889AG+GG and 4889AG+GG plus GSTT1 null genotype were seen in patients with heavy tobacco habit compared with controls (41.9% versus 26.8%, P = 0.03; 26.2% versus 10.3%, P = 0.04, respectively). Carriers of the referred genotypes and heavy tobacco consumption were under a 2.0-fold and 2.8-fold
increased risks for HNSCC than others, respectively. The CYP1A1 6235TC+CC plus GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were more common in pharyngeal SCC patients than in controls (5.3% versus 0.7%, P = 0.04). Carriers of the combined genotype had 16.0-fold increased risk for the disease than others. The frequency of one
null genotype of the GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene was higher in patients with pharyngeal SCC and heavy smoking status than in controls (76.3% versus 57.7%, P = 0.04). Carriers of the referred genotype and heavy tobacco status had a 2.4-fold increased risk for pharyngeal SCC than
others. In contrast, the CYP1A1 6235TC+CC genotype was more common in controls than in laryngeal SCC patients (35.9% versus 21.6%, P = 0.01). Carriers of the genotype had a 0.2-fold decreased risk for the disease than others. Our data present preliminary
evidence that inherited combined CYP1A1 A4889G and T6235C abnormalities and GSTM1 and GSTT1 pathways are important determinants of HNSCC, particularly pharyngeal SCC in heavy smoking individuals from south-eastern
Brazil. 相似文献
14.
Florian Grabellus Margarethe J. Konik Karl Worm Sien-Yi Sheu Johannes A. P. van de Nes Sebastian Bauer Werner Paulus Rupert Egensperger Kurt W. Schmid 《Tumour biology》2010,31(3):157-163
Overexpression of MET and polysomy 7 was formerly demonstrated in chordomas. We investigated mesenchymal-epithelial transition
factor (MET) protein expression and copy numbers of chromosome 7 in human chordomas. Furthermore, tumors were screened for
gene fusions (PAX3-FKHR, ASPL-TFE3, and SYT-SSX) previously shown to be associated with MET activation in sarcomas. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from 66 chordoma samples. MET protein expression was assessed
by immunohistochemistry using an immunoreactive score (IRS, scores 0–12). fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a
dual-color DNA probe (7q31) for MET amplification was performed on TMA sections and RT-PCR for PAX3-FKHR, ASPL-TFE3 (type 1 + 2), and SYT-SSX (type 1 + 2) gene
fusions on punch biopsies. All tumors (n = 66) expressed MET protein. FISH analysis of 33 tumors lacked MET gene amplification but showed polysomy of chromosome 7 in 15 (45.5%) tumors (13 low and two high polysomies). Although, polysomy
7 showed an increasing incidence with escalating MET IRS, this finding was not statistically significant. PAX3-FKHR, ASPL-TFE3,
or SYT-SSX gene fusions were not demonstrable (n = 52). We found MET protein expression in all chordomas. A clear influence of polysomy 7 on MET protein expression could
not be statistically demonstrated for this cohort. Moreover, gene fusions with the ability to cause MET overexpression do
not occur in chordomas. 相似文献
15.
Maroulio Talieri Dimitra K. Alexopoulou Andreas Scorilas Dimitris Kypraios Niki Arnogiannaki Marina Devetzi Matina Patsavela Dimitris Xynopoulos 《Tumour biology》2011,32(4):737-744
Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) represent a serine protease family having 15 members. KLK10 is a secreted protease with
a trypsin-like activity. The function of KLK10 is poorly understood, although it has been suggested that KLK10 may function
as a tumor suppressor gene. In human cancer, KLK10 gene shows organ-specific up- or down-regulation. Since KLKs are promising tumor biomarkers, the examination of KLK10 mRNA expression and its association with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression was studied using semi-quantitative PCR. One
hundred and nineteen primary CRC specimens were examined for which follow-up information was available for a median period
of 29 months (range, 1–104 months). KLK10 expression was found to be significantly associated with TNM stage (p = 0.028). Cox proportional hazard regression model using univariate analysis revealed for the first time that high status
KLK10 expression is a significant factor for disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS; p = 0.026) of patients. Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated that KLK10 expression of low status is significantly associated with longer DFS (p = 0.001) as well as OS (p = 0.021), suggesting that KLK10 gene expression may be used as a marker of unfavorable prognosis for CRC. As the epigenetics of cancer are unraveled, KLK10
may represent not only a novel biomarker, but also a promising future therapeutic target for the disease. 相似文献
16.
<Emphasis Type="Italic">ASIP</Emphasis> genetic variants and the number of non-melanoma skin cancers
Lin W Qureshi AA Kraft P Nan H Guo Q Hu FB Jensen MK Han J 《Cancer causes & control : CCC》2011,22(3):495-501
Patients with primary non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) tend to develop these cancers at multiple independent sites. We examined
the genetic factors in the development of multiple NMSCs among Caucasian women with 28 years of follow-up. We initially evaluated
19 SNPs in nine pigmentation genes with the number of NMSCs in 492 cases and 619 controls without a history of NMSC. We found
nominal significant associations between two ASIP gene–related SNPs, rs1885120 and rs910873, and an ASIP haplotype (AH) (rs4911414 allele T and rs1015362 allele G) and an increased number of NMSCs, with p-values of 0.008, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively. We further evaluated these two SNPs and AH haplotype in three data sets. In
a joint analysis with 1,507 cases and 4,335 controls, AH haplotype was independently associated with the number of NMSCs with
odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 1.45(1.25–1.68) (p-value = 6.2E–07). The AH haplotype was associated with an increased risk of developing one NMSC (OR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07–1.63).
The OR increased to 1.45(1.18–1.78) for those with 2–4 NMSCs and 1.84(1.34–2.53) for those with at least five. The findings
suggest that ASIP locus is associated with the number of NMSCs. 相似文献
17.
Hanifa Bouzourene Pierre Hutter Lorena Losi Patricia Martin Jean Benhattar 《Familial cancer》2010,9(2):167-172
Lynch syndrome is one of the most common hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome and is caused by germline mutations of
MLH1, MSH2 and more rarely MSH6, PMS2, MLH3 genes. Whereas the absence of MSH2 protein is predictive of Lynch syndrome, it is not the case for the absence of MLH1 protein.
The purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive and cost effective algorithm to select Lynch syndrome cases among patients
with MLH1 immunohistochemical silencing. Eleven sporadic CRC and 16 Lynch syndrome cases with MLH1 protein abnormalities were
selected. The BRAF c.1799T> A mutation (p.Val600Glu) was analyzed by direct sequencing after PCR amplification of exon 15. Methylation of MLH1 promoter was determined by Methylation-Sensitive Single-Strand Conformation Analysis. In patients with Lynch syndrome, there
was no BRAF mutation and only one case showed MLH1 methylation (6%). In sporadic CRC, all cases were MLH1 methylated (100%) and 8 out of 11 cases carried the above BRAF mutation (73%) whereas only 3 cases were BRAF wild type (27%). We propose the following algorithm: (1) no further molecular analysis should be performed for CRC exhibiting
MLH1 methylation and BRAF mutation, and these cases should be considered as sporadic CRC; (2) CRC with unmethylated MLH1 and negative for BRAF mutation should be considered as Lynch syndrome; and (3) only a small fraction of CRC with MLH1 promoter methylation but negative for BRAF mutation should be true Lynch syndrome patients. These potentially Lynch syndrome patients should be offered genetic counselling
before searching for MLH1 gene mutations. 相似文献
18.
Hansen Tv Jønson L Albrechtsen A Andersen MK Ejlertsen B Nielsen FC 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2009,115(2):315-323
BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ-line mutations predispose to breast and ovarian cancer. Large genomic rearrangements of BRCA1 account for 0–36% of all disease causing mutations in various populations, while large genomic rearrangements in BRCA2 are more rare. We examined 642 East Danish breast and/or ovarian cancer patients in whom a deleterious mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 was not detected by sequencing using the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay. We identified 15
patients with 7 different genomic rearrangements, including a BRCA1 exon 5–7 deletion with a novel breakpoint, a BRCA1 exon 13 duplication, a BRCA1 exon 17–19 deletion, a BRCA1 exon 3–16 deletion, and a BRCA2 exon 20 deletion with a novel breakpoint as well as two novel BRCA1 exon 17–18 and BRCA1 exon 19 deletions. The large rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2 accounted for 9.2% (15/163) of all BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in East Denmark. Nine patients had the exon 3–16 deletion in BRCA1. By SNP analysis we find that the patients share a 5 Mb fragment of chromosome 17, including BRCA1, indicating that the exon 3–16 deletion represents a Danish founder mutation.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
19.
<Emphasis Type="Italic">HER2</Emphasis> codon 655 polymorphism and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Osorio A Barroso A García MJ Martínez-Delgado B Urioste M Benítez J 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2009,114(2):371-376
To evaluate the association between HER2 codon 655 polymorphism and breast cancer risk in this meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was performed to identify all
case–control studies investigating such association. Statistical analyses were conducted with software MIX 1.54. Twenty eligible
reports, including 10,642 cases/11,259 controls, were identified. In overall analysis, the Val allele frequency in cases was
significantly higher than that in controls (OR = 1.0921, 95% CI: 1.0013–1.191, P = 0.0466), while no associations were found in both recessive and dominant models. In subgroup analysis, HER2 codon 655 polymorphism was weakly associated with breast cancer risk in recessive (OR = 2.4624, 95% CI: 1.0619–5.7104, P = 0.0357), dominant (OR = 1.2781, 95% CI: 1.0353–1.5779, P = 0.0225), and co-dominant genetic models (OR = 1.2947, 95% CI: 1.0682–1.5693, P = 0.0085) in Asian population, respectively. Meanwhile, the susceptibility to breast cancer in people aged ≤45 was significantly
increased in both recessive (OR = 2.2408; 95% CI: 1.2876–3.8998, P = 0.0043), and dominant models (OR = 1.2902, 95% CI: 1.1035–1.5085, P = 0.0014). No significant associations were observed in Caucasian, European, and Family history subgroups. So our analyses
suggest HER2 codon 655 Val allele is weakly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and SNP at HER2 codon 655 could be considered as a susceptibility biomarker for breast cancer for Asian females or women age 45 years or
younger.
Weiyang Tao and Chunyang Wang contribute equally to this work. 相似文献
20.
Ke-Da Yu Nan-Yan Rao Ao-Xiang Chen Lei Fan Chen Yang Zhi-Ming Shao 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2011,126(1):37-45
The estrogen signal is mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER). The specific role of ER-beta, a second ER, in breast carcinogenesis
is not known. A number of association studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between polymorphic sites
in the ESR2 gene and breast cancer risk, however, the results are inconsistent. We searched PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science database
(updated to 10 January 2010) and identified 13 relevant case–control studies, and approximately 28 single-nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) and one micro-satellite marker were reported in the literature. The median number of study subjects was 776 (range
158–13,550). Three genetic variants [(CA)n, rs2987983, and rs4986938] showed significant overall associations with breast cancer, and rs4986938 was reported twice.
Because rs4986938 and rs1256049 were the most extensively studied polymorphisms, we subsequently conducted a meta-analysis
to evaluate their relationship with breast cancer risk (9 studies of 10,837 cases and 16,021 controls for rs4986938; 8 studies
of 11,652 cases and 15,726 controls for rs1256049). For rs4986938, the women harboring variant allele seemed to be associated
with a decreased risk either in the dominant model [pooled OR = 0.944, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.897–0.993, fixed-effects]
or in the co-dominant model (AG vs. GG) (OR = 0.944, 95% CI 0.895–0.997, fixed-effects). rs1256049 was not associated with
breast cancer risk in any model. Five studies had investigated the effect of haplotypes in the ESR2 gene on breast cancer risk, and four of them had positive outcomes. In summary, the present systematic review suggests that
SNP rs4986938 as well as haplotypes in the ESR2 gene might be associated with breast cancer. The need for additional studies examining these issues seems of vital importance. 相似文献