抗泡球蚴重组Em18抗原多克隆抗体的纯化与鉴定

目的：制备抗泡球蚴18（Em18）抗原多克隆抗体,纯化并鉴定.方法：表达并纯化rEm18-GST蛋白.用纯化后的蛋白作为免疫原,免疫新西兰白兔获得抗rEm18-GST的多克隆抗体IgG,采用ELISA法检测抗体效价,进一步纯化抗体,获得抗Em18特异性多克隆抗体IgG,用Western blot及ELISA法检测并进行初步鉴定.结果：免疫制备获得兔抗rEm18-GST抗体,随着免疫次数的增加,抗体滴度不断升高,于第10周达到最高.ELISA检测抗体效价为1∶51 200.Western blot及ELISA法鉴定表明Em18-GST抗体去除了与GST的交叉反应.结论：获得了去除与GST交叉反应的抗Em18多克隆抗体,为进行噬菌体肽库筛选奠定基础.     

Em18.3重组蛋白的表达及其免疫诊断特性的研究

目的：在大肠杆菌中表达和纯化截短的泡球蚴rEm18.3抗原重组蛋白,对其免疫诊断特性进行鉴定.方法： IPTG诱导pET41a-Em18.3原核表达质粒,表达和纯化rEm18.3-GST重组蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳及Western blot法对其进行初步鉴定,ELISA法确定其免疫诊断特性.结果： rEm18.3-GST重组蛋白得到成功表达,SDS-PAGE电泳显示相对分子量为45 kDa.Western blot结果表明,rEm18.3-GST重组蛋白能被AE病人阳性血清识别.对56例多房棘球蚴病（AE）、88例细粒棘球蚴病（CE）、24例其他寄生虫病、24例其他疾病和24例健康者共236份血清进行ELISA检测结果显示,对AE血清诊断的敏感性为10.7%,特异性为99.4%,阳性预测值85.7%,阴性预测值78.1%.结论： rEm18.3-GST免疫诊断价值较低,Em18抗原重要的表位可能位于1-40位氨基酸.     

截短的泡球蚴Em18基因原核表达质粒的构建、表达及鉴定

目的：构建截短的泡球蚴18（Em18）基因的原核表达质粒，获得高效表达、有生物活性的重组蛋白，并对其进行初步鉴定。方法：DNAman软件设计引物，PCR法扩增并构建截短的pET41a-Em18．1原核表达质粒，测序鉴定插入序列正确性。异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导、表达和纯化rEm18．1-GST重组蛋白，采用SDS-PAGE电泳及Western免疫印迹法对其进行初步鉴定。结果：成功构建出截短的pET41a-Em18．1，SDS-PAGE检测表明rEm18．1-GST重组蛋白得到成功表达，在相对分子量为41kDa处有表达条带。Western blot结果显示rEm18．1-GST重组蛋白能被AE病人阳性血清识别。结论：截短的pET41a-Em18．1原核表达质粒表达的rEm18．1-GST重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性，为Em18抗原表位的分析奠定基础。     

应用噬菌体7肽库筛选泡球蚴Em18抗原模拟表位的初步研究

目的：从噬菌体7肽库中筛选泡球蚴Em18抗原模拟表位,为研究和开发新的包虫病诊断抗原提供实验依据.方法：用纯化后的rEm18-GST免疫新西兰白兔,获得抗rEm18-GST的多克隆抗体,进一步纯化,获得抗Em18多克隆抗体IgG,以之作为靶分子,免疫筛选噬菌体随机7肽库.经过5轮的淘筛过程,随机挑取9个蓝色噬菌斑扩增,核苷酸序列测定分析并与Em18进行同源性比较.结果：经5轮筛选后,阳性克隆得到富集,9个噬菌体克隆的氨基酸序列与Em18无同源性.结论：所得肽段可能是Em18抗原模拟表位.     

泡球蚴Em18重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达和纯化方法的优化

目的：筛选和优化泡球蚴Em18重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达和纯化的方法,为进一步筛选Em18抗原表位奠定基础.方法：原核表达pET41a-Em18重组质粒,经异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导、表达,获得rEm18-GST蛋白,采用不同的超声程序破碎大肠杆菌细胞,分别采用GST柱、His柱及两者结合方法,改变不同的平衡、洗涤和洗脱缓冲液浓度,纯化rEm18-GST蛋白.结果：（1） rEm18-GST蛋白在相对分子质量为50 kDa处有表达条带,蛋白表达量随诱导时间的延长而增加;（2）超声程序为工作1 s,间歇3 s,每个循环时程10 min,加入蛋白酶抑制剂,可降低目的蛋白的降解;（3）采用单纯His柱可获得回收量高、纯度高的rEm18-GST蛋白.结论：（1）对含有GST-tag和His-tag双重标签重组蛋白的纯化,应用His柱更有效,更经济;（2）建立和优化一套从大肠杆菌细胞中分离纯化重组Em18蛋白的有效方法.     

泡球蚴Em18抗原基因的分段表达及抗原表位的初步分析

目的构建截短的泡球蚴18(Em18)基因的原核表达质粒,获得高效表达、有生物活性的重组蛋白并对其进行初步鉴定。方法采用DNAman软件设计引物,聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法扩增并构建截短的pET41a-Em18.4原核表达质粒,测序鉴定插入序列正确性。异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导、表达和纯化rEm18.4-GST重组蛋白,采用SDS-PAGE电泳及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测对其进行初步鉴定。结果成功构建出截短的pET41a-Em18.4,SDS-PAGE检测表明rEm18.4-GST重组蛋白得到成功表达,在相对分子量为41KDa处有表达条带。但蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测结果显示rEm18.4-GST重组蛋白不能与AE患者阳性血清反应。结论成功构建出截短的pET41a-Em18.4原核表达质粒并表达的rEm18.4-GST重组蛋白,但其缺乏抗原性,可能与Em18的空间构象有关。     

兔抗破骨细胞蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶多克隆抗体的制备和应用

目的：采用已构建的pET28a-ΔPTP-oc重组质粒纯化重组蛋白,制备兔抗破骨细胞蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTP-oc）多克隆抗体并鉴定其性能。方法：将构建的pET28a-ΔPTP-oc重组质粒转化至BL21（DE3）中,应用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导重组蛋白表达。表达产物经过Q柱阴阳离子交换和Ni柱亲和层析获得纯化的PTP-oc重组蛋白,将纯化的重组蛋白作为抗原免疫家兔,获得PTP-oc多克隆抗体。采用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价,Western blotting法检测抗体的特异性。结果：成功纯化出PTP-oc重组蛋白。间接ELISA法检测,采用纯化诱导后的重组蛋白免疫家兔获得了兔抗PTP-oc多克隆抗体,多克隆抗体效价达1∶32000以上,Western blotting法检测,所得多克隆抗体有较高的特异性。结论：成功纯化了PTP-oc重组蛋白,制备出PTP-oc多克隆抗体。     

电压门控型钾通道蛋白Kv1.5抗血清的制备及特性鉴定

目的 制备电压门控型钾通道蛋白Kv 1.5的多克隆抗体,对其特性进行鉴定.方法 利用生物信息学方法分析Kv 1.5蛋白的序列,根据亲水性结构、柔韧区、抗原指数及表面概率结构等指标选择一段8个氨基酸序列,据此合成Kv 1.5多肽片段,并将其与载体蛋白钥孔戚血蓝素(KLH)偶联作为免疫抗原,免疫新西兰白兔制备抗Kv 1.5抗血清.辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化抗血清,对纯化后的抗血清进行 ELISA、Western blot鉴定.结果 成功获得抗Kv 1.5合成肽的抗血清,该抗血清效价为1∶ 64 000,可与Kv 1.5合成肽及天然Kv 1.5蛋白出现特异性反应,该抗血清识别的相应抗原的相对分子质量(Mr)为59 kD.同时,Western blot结果显示,所制备的抗血清能识别大鼠心脏天然Kv 1.5蛋白.结论 合成的多肽-KLH复合物具有免疫原性,可用于制备相应的抗血清,并且制备的抗血清经 ELISA、Western blot鉴定后特异性较好.     

兔抗人RBBP10多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

目的 制备兔抗人RBBP10多克隆抗体并进行鉴定.方法 用人工合成的RBBP10蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,ELISA及Western blot方法检测制备的抗血清效价和特异性.结果此次获得的抗血清ELISA方法检测抗体效价达到1:16000,检测RBBP10的灵敏度最低为10μg/μ1.Western blot检测表明抗体效价高,特异性强.结论 应用该方法成功制备了人RBBP10多克隆抗体,此抗体可通过免疫组化方法检测RBBP10蛋白在各种肿瘤中的表达,具有一定的应用价值.     

人胱抑素C的原核表达纯化鉴定及抗血清的制备

目的 构建人胱抑素C(cystatin C, Cys C)的原核表达载体,并用纯化的Cys C重组蛋白免疫家兔,制备Cys C抗血清. 方法 从HL-60细胞中提取总RNA,RT-PCR扩增Cys C基因,将测序正确的目的基因克隆至pET32 (a)表达载体中,并诱导其在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达;所获得的包涵体蛋白经亲和层析纯化、透析复性、Western blot鉴定后,免疫家兔制备抗血清,抗体效价和特异性分别采用ELISA、Western blot进行检测.结果 测序证实克隆的基因序列与GeneBank中的Cys C序列相符;SDS-PAGE、Western blot结果证实获得相对分子质量为35×103的Cys C 融合蛋白,其表达形式为不溶性包涵体;此包涵体蛋白经Ni2 亲和层析能有效纯化,以该蛋白免疫家兔制备抗血清,抗体效价为1∶8 000,Western blot检测证实该抗体能与目的蛋白发生特异性结合. 结论 获得了Cys C重组蛋白及特异性多克隆抗体.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.