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Several hereditary tumor syndromes are associated with characteristic skin lesions which may facilitate an early diagnosis. We summarize clinical features and recent progress in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of two selected tumor syndromes, namely nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome) and Cowden syndrome. Both are autosomal dominantly inherited disorders. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is characterized by the early onset of multiple basal cell carcinomas as as well as developmental defects and a predisposition for other benign and malignant tumors. The syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the PTCH tumor suppressor gene. Cowden syndrome is associated with pathognomonic mucocutaneous lesions, such as facial trichilemmomas, acral keratoses, and mucocutaneous papillomatosis. In addition, Cowden patients are predisposed to carcinomas of the thyroid, breast and endometrium. Cowden syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor gene. Identification of the genes causing hereditary tumor syndromes as well as generation of genetically engineered mouse models have greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases. Furthermore, novel pathogenesis-based pharmacological strategies are being developed that promise to improve prevention and therapy.  相似文献   

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Zusammenfassung Nichthereditäre Lichterkrankungen mit bekanntem Auslöser und idiopathische Photodermatosen treten im Kindesalter vergleichsweise häufig auf und sind zumindest temporär mit einer relevanten Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität betroffener Patienten sowie ihrer Eltern verbunden. Es ist daher entscheidend, dass die betreuenden Fachdisziplinen mit erworbenen, UV-assoziierten Krankheitsbildern vertraut sind, um eine rasche Diagnosestellung und effektive Therapie zu gewährleisten. Zusätzlich muss das erneute Auftreten der Photodermatosen verhindert werden, die mit potenziell schwerwiegenden Langzeitkomplikationen assoziiert sind. Dies erfordert eine stringente Prophylaxe, die nur nach altersentsprechender Aufklärung des Patienten und seiner Eltern gelingen kann.Dieser Beitrag ist Herrn Professor Dr. med. G. Heimann, Direktor der Kinderklinik des UK Aachen, anlässlich seiner Emeritierung gewidmet.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungKlinik Professor Unna  相似文献   

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Over the last years, the genetic basis of several monogenic inherited metabolic diseases has been elucidated. Interestingly, some of these disorders manifest with characteristic cutaneous symptoms that are often crucial for diagnosis. In most cases, however, besides the skin other organs are affected. Therefore, an interdisciplinary supervision of these patients is highly important. In this review we will discuss diseases that constitute a challenge not only for dermatologists but also for physicians from other specialties. A particular emphasis is put on genetic and clinical features of these disorders as well as current therapeutic concepts.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungNach einem in der Abteilung f. Kinderheilkunde der 74. Versamml. deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte in Karlsbad gehaltenen Vortrage.  相似文献   

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Leg ulcers may be caused by many different diseases. Most frequently, they are due to vasculopathies, to a lesser extent to metabolic, neuropathic or hematologic diseases. Neoplasms, connective tissue diseases, infections, trauma, and panniculitis should also be included in the differential diagnosis. A 38-year-old Caucasian female patient with hereditary prolidase deficiency developed progressive and very painful leg ulcers. The ulcers first appeared in childhood and did not respond to various treatments. Additional features of prolidase deficiency included mental retardation, short stature, extensive dental caries, and multiple malar teleangiectases. Hereditary prolidase deficiency is a very rare autosomal recessive disease. It is caused by heterogeneous mutations of the prolidase gene and affects many aspects of protein metabolism. Ion exchange chromatography and high voltage electrophoresis of urine can prove the suspected diagnosis. So far, there is no efficient therapy for hereditary prolidase deficiency. All reported treatment attempts have ended in failure.  相似文献   

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