Metastases to intramammary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer: sonographic findings

PURPOSE: To describe the sonographic characteristics of intramammary lymph node metastasis (ILNM) in patients with breast cancer and to assess the value of sonography and sonographically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in their diagnosis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts and films of 19 women with biopsy-documented ILNM who were seen in our breast diagnostic center between December 1999 and July 2003. The sonographic appearance of the nodes was analyzed and correlated with clinical and mammographic findings and with biopsy results. RESULTS: The ILNMs were clinically and mammographically occult in 7 (37%) of the 19 women. The diameter of the ILNMs was less than 1 cm in 15 (79%) cases. The volume of the central echogenic hilum was less than 50% of the total volume of the node in each of the patients. There was marked decrease in cortical echogenicity of the ILN in all cases. Metastatic involvement was established via sonographically guided FNAB in each of the 19 suspicious intramammary lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: Sonography and sonographically guided FNAB are valuable methods of assessment for ILNM in patients with known or suspected breast cancer. The most consistent sonographic features associated with ILNM were reduction in the volume of the central echogenic hilum and marked hypoechogenicity of the node's cortex.     

Sonography of Biopsy‐Proven Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Lymph Nodes of the Neck

Objective. The purpose of this series is to describe the sonographic findings of lymph nodes of the neck involved by Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Methods. We reviewed and interpreted available images of lymph nodes in patients with cervical lymphadenopathies involved by LCH for the past decade. In all patients, each abnormal lymph node was pathologically confirmed by the use of a sonographically guided core needle biopsy or an incisional biopsy. Results. We characterized 3 different kinds of imaging findings for cervical lymph nodes involved by LCH: (1) a lymphomalike lesion, (2) a lesion similar to reactive lymphadenopathy, and (3) a cystic lymph node. Conclusions. There was no specific imaging finding to diagnose lymphadenopathy involved by LCH. In our study, we characterized 3 different imaging patterns of lymph node involvement by LCH. This study represents an initial step to organize specific findings for LCH.     

不同病理类型甲状腺癌颈部转移淋巴结的声像图分析

目的探讨不同病理类型甲状腺癌颈部转移淋巴结的声像图特征。方法分析75例甲状腺癌颈部转移淋巴结的声像图的特点,其中乳头状癌50例,滤泡癌8例,髓样癌10例,未分化癌7例。结果甲状腺乳头状癌颈部转移性淋巴结局部可见团状偏高回声,部分淋巴结内可见沙砾样的微小钙化点,局部或整体可出现囊性变;甲状腺髓样癌颈部转移性淋巴结皮髓质分界不清,部分转移性淋巴结内也可见沙砾样的微小钙化点,但未见囊性变;滤泡癌和未分化癌颈部转移性淋巴结纵横比缩小,近似球形,皮髓质分界不清,淋巴门结构消失,呈低回声,均未见微小钙化点和囊性变。结论不同病理类型的甲状腺癌颈部转移淋巴结具有不同的声像图特征,病变淋巴结的超声表现与其病理改变密切相关。     

Small Atypical Cervical Nodes Detected on Sonography in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the probability of metastasis of small atypical cervical lymph nodes detected on sonography in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. Methods. .We reviewed, retrospectively and blindly, sonographic findings of 148 patients (118 men and 30 women; mean age, 58.2 years) who underwent curative neck dissection. Each lymph node was classified by using a 4‐point scale: 1, definitely benign; 2, indeterminate (small [short‐axis diameter <10 mm for levels I and II and <7 mm for levels III–VI] atypical node); 3, definitely metastatic; and 4, large (>3‐cm) metastatic. Lymph nodes were considered atypical if they met at least 1 of the following criteria: a long‐ to short‐axis diameter ratio of less than 2.0, absence of a normal echogenic hilum, and heterogeneous echogenicity of the cortex. These results were verified, on a level‐by‐level basis, with histopathologic findings. Results. Small atypical nodes were found on sonography in 63 cervical levels of 48 patients, of which 18 (28.6%) were proved to have metastatic nodes. The probability of metastasis was significantly higher with than without a large (>3‐cm) ipsilateral metastatic node (0.50 versus 0.20; P = .038) and marginally higher with than without an ipsilateral metastatic node (0.41 versus 0.16; P = .061) but not significantly associated with the T stage of the primary tumor (P = .238) or the presence of an ipsilateral tumor (P = .904). Conclusions. Metastasis was encountered in about 30% of small atypical cervical nodes on sonography in patients with SCC of the head and neck. Our results indicate that small atypical nodes must be interpreted with consideration of metastatic nodes in the ipsilateral neck.     

18F-DCFPyL PET/CT术前诊断前列腺癌区域转移淋巴结

目的 观察¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT显像术前诊断前列腺癌区域淋巴结转移的价值。方法 回顾性分析49例同时接受前列腺根治性切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的前列腺癌患者的术前¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT图像及其临床资料，统计术中清扫淋巴结总数及转移淋巴结情况，计算¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT对区域转移淋巴结的诊断效能，比较切除后转移淋巴结与非转移淋巴结的长径、中径及短径。结果 49例共清扫511枚淋巴结，其中10例共14枚淋巴结转移，¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT正确诊断出其中9例共12枚转移淋巴结。¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT术前诊断前列腺癌区域淋巴结转移的灵敏度为90.00%，特异度为100%，准确率为97.96%，阳性预测值为100%，阴性预测值为97.50%。切除后转移淋巴结与非转移淋巴结的长径均值为（1.64±0.33）cm和（1.12±0.79）cm，中径（1.05±0.23 cm）和（0.59±0.51）cm，短径（0.61±0.14）cm和（0.36±0.24）cm，差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT对前列腺癌区域淋巴结转移具有较高诊断价值。     

超声检测颈部淋巴结对弥漫性硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨超声检测颈部淋巴结对弥漫性硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌(DSV)的诊断和鉴别诊断价值.方法 4年中甲状腺恶性肿瘤192例,从甲状腺乳头状癌中筛选出20例DSV(10.4%,20/192),分析DSV病例手术前颈部转移淋巴结声像图及甲状腺病变程度与淋巴结转移的关系.结果 DSV 20例,淋巴结转移18例(均为中央区淋巴结转移)侧颈区转移16例(88.9%).转移淋巴结直径5～32 mm,平均13 mm,呈等回声5例(27.8%)或偏高回声13例(72.2%),转移淋巴结皆伴沙粒体和血流信号增加.结论 DSV发生在相对年轻的患者,90%发生颈部淋巴结转移,超声检出颈部淋巴结特征性表现有助于DSV的鉴别诊断.     

Sonographic features of axillary lymphadenopathy caused by Kikuchi disease.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to document the sonographic findings of axillary lymphadenopathy in Kikuchi disease. METHODS: The medical records and sonographic findings of 7 patients with a pathologic diagnosis of Kikuchi disease in the axillary lymph node by sonographically guided core needle biopsy (n=6) or excisional biopsy (n=1) were reviewed. On sonograms, lymph nodes were assessed for their distribution, size, shape, border, echogenicity, and internal architecture, and those sonographic features of each node were evaluated to determine whether the findings favored malignant or benign lymphadenopathy. RESULTS: Of the 7 patients (1 man and 6 women; mean age +/- SD, 34.3+/-7.7 years), 29 affected lymph nodes (5-38 mm; mean, 14.8+/-7.2 mm) were identified on sonograms. The sonographic characteristics were as follows: the shortest axis/longest axis ratio of the node (mean, 0.595) was 0.5 or greater in 22 nodes (76%); the border was sharp in 16 (55%); the cortex was hypoechoic in 20 (69%) and isoechoic in 9 (31%); the hilum was narrow in 1 (4%) and absent in 16 (55%); and cortical thickening was found in 13 (45%, concentric in 6 and eccentric in 7). Nineteen lymph nodes (66%) were classified as having malignant-favoring features, and 10 (34%) were classified as having benign-favoring features. CONCLUSIONS: Many axillary lymph nodes in Kikuchi disease look suspicious sonographically. When lymph nodes in the axilla show suspicious findings on sonograms of relatively young patients, Kikuchi disease can be considered a possible differential diagnosis, and image-guided percutaneous biopsy should be done.     

18F-FDG PET/CT半定量分析诊断颈部淋巴结转移癌的价值

目的 探讨18 F-FDG PET/CT诊断颈部淋巴结转移癌的价值.方法 回顾性分析48例颈部淋巴结肿大患者的CT、PET及PET/CT图像,在CT图像上分别以淋巴结最短径＞0.5 cm(A标准)、最短径＞1.0 cm(B标准)及最长径＞1.0 cm(C标准)为判定淋巴结转移的诊断标准;在PET图像上,以淋巴结出现异常18F-FDG摄取浓聚灶最大标准化摄取值(SUVmax)＞2.5(D标准),SUVmax＞1.93(E标准)、TSUVmax/NSUVmax＞3.11(F标准)为判定淋巴结转移的诊断标准;在PET/CT图像上,将结合CT图像A标准及PET图像E标准确定的G标准为判定以淋巴结转移的诊断标准.以病理诊断为标准,比较不同影像标准在颈部淋巴结转移中的诊断价值.结果 颈部阳性淋巴结与阴性淋巴结在最长径、最短径、SUVmax值之间的差异均有统计学意义.7种标准中,PET(E标准)及PET/CT(G标准)具有较高的诊断准确率与病理吻合度,与单纯CT比较具有较高诊断价值.不同PET及PET/CT诊断标准差异无统计学意义.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT对颈部淋巴结转移的诊断具有较高的临床价值.     

Sonographically guided core needle biopsy of cervical lymphadenopathy in patients without known malignancy.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of sonographically guided core needle biopsy (core biopsy) for diagnosing the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in patients without known malignancy. METHODS: One hundred fifty-five sonographically guided core biopsies performed in 155 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy were retrospectively evaluated. None of the 155 patients had any known primary malignancy. Final diagnoses were determined by the histologic examination from excision biopsy when performed or by the clinical and sonographic follow-up for more than 12 months. When a lymph node diagnosed as benign by sonographically guided core biopsy regressed spontaneously or by subsequent management, the diagnosis made by the sonographically guided core biopsy was considered correct. When a lymph node diagnosed as benign by sonographically guided core biopsy was unchanged or increased in size with subsequent management, excision biopsy was performed. Diagnostic yield, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and complications of core biopsy were evaluated. RESULTS: Histologic diagnosis could be made by sonographically guided core biopsy in 146 (94%) of the 155 patients. The histologic diagnoses were reactive hyperplasia in 44 patients, tuberculosis in 37, Kikuchi disease in 25, metastasis in 16, lymphoma in 16, normal in 7, and toxoplasmosis in 1. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of sonographically guided core biopsy were 97.9%, 99.1%, and 97.9%, respectively. There were no procedure-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Sonographically guided core biopsy is a safe and efficient tool for diagnosing the cause of cervical lymphadenopathy in patients without known malignancy and may obviate unnecessary excisional biopsy.     

Ultrasonographic differentiation of benign from malignant neck lymphadenopathy in thyroid cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether ultrasonography itself was able to distinguish benign from malignant lymphadenopathy in patients with thyroid cancer. METHODS: We evaluated lymph nodes in a group of patients with thyroid cancer. Nodes were detected and measured by ultrasonography, and their shape, echogenicity, size, and location were noted. Ultrasonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was performed, and smears were analyzed cytologically. RESULTS: Ultrasonographically guided FNAB was performed in 578 neck nodes in a group of 631 patients with thyroid cancer. In most cases, metastases had a round shape and various echo structures, with a predomination of hypoechoic nodes without a hilum. There were statistical differences in size between metastatic and benign nodes in terms of maximum diameter, minimum diameter, and volume. Among these, minimum diameter and the shape of the nodes seemed to be the most reliable in suggesting malignancy. A round shape with a longitudinal/transverse ratio of less than 2 of hypoechoic nodes indicated the presence of metastases, and we then performed FNAB. The absence of an echogenic hilum and the presence of cystic portions and calcifications were significantly greater in malignancies than in benign lesions (P<.001). In most cases, metastatic nodules were situated in the lower third of the neck. Reactively enlarged nodes occurred more frequently in the upper part of the neck. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography itself cannot distinguish benign from malignant lesions, but an echographic appearance suggests malignancy and helps in the selection of the node to aspirate with ultrasonographically guided FNAB, which is crucial for a final diagnosis.     

颈部淋巴结转移的超声诊断

目的探讨最能反映转移性颈淋巴结肿大的超声指标.方法回顾性分析已经病理证实的210个肿大颈淋巴结的超声表现.分别用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析判断每个超声检测指标的诊断价值.结果单因素逻辑回归分析显示所有超声检测指标均可单独用来评价颈淋巴结肿大是否来源于肿瘤转移,而多因素逻辑回归分析显示只有3种超声表现对于鉴别转移性和非转移性有统计学意义,其中淋巴结横径增加、内部回声不均匀预示颈淋巴结转移[优势比(OddsRatio)OR＜1],淋巴门有血流预示非转移性淋巴结肿大(OR＞1).结论淋巴结横径增大、内部回声不均和有否淋巴门血流是判断颈淋巴结是否转移的主要超声诊断指标.     

Laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection for malignant foot melanoma

A 39 year‐old woman with malignant foot melanoma underwent wide excision of the primary tumor with a safety margin and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for the right inguinal lymph node. SLNB was positive and a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed right iliac lymph node swelling. Positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET–CT) scan of the lymph nodes revealed abnormal uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). We performed a laparoscopic pelvic lymph node obturator, iliac lymph node) dissection. During the operation, several black lymph nodes were observed in the iliac lymph node. Pathologically, the iliac lymph node consisted of metastasized atypical melanocytes. This surgical method for pelvic lymph node dissection is not a standard procedure among institutions. There have been no reported cases of malignant melanoma with pelvic lymph node metastasis treated by laparoscopic surgery. However, due to the minimally invasive technique, this method is worth considering to be used for pelvic lymph node dissection in malignant melanoma as well as other cancers in the field of urology or gynecology.     

Laparoscopic dissection for pelvic lymph node recurrence of thymic carcinoma: A case report

Thymic carcinoma, a rare mediastinal neoplasm, is characterized by extensive local invasion and distant metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the first case report demonstrating the efficacy of laparoscopic dissection for pelvic lymph node metastases from thymic carcinoma. A 64‐year‐old man was found to have a mediastinal mass by CT and underwent radical resection. Six months after resection of his thymic carcinoma, follow‐up CT revealed a gluteal tumor and enlarged pelvic lymph nodes. The gluteal tumor was resected percutaneously. Two months after this procedure, PET showed that the three pelvic lymph nodes had abnormal uptake of ¹⁸F‐fluorodeoxyglucose and had enlarged further. The patient accordingly underwent laparoscopic dissection of these lymph nodes. Pathological examination of all resected specimens showed metastatic thymic carcinoma. We recommend laparoscopic dissection of pelvic lymph node metastases because it provides a clear intraoperative view and is minimally invasive.     

18F-FDG PET/CT参数联合临床特征预测手术治疗早期宫颈癌患者预后

目的探讨18 F-FDG PET/CT参数联合临床特征对预测早期宫颈癌患者手术治疗后预后的价值。方法回顾性分析70例术前接受18 F-FDG PET/CT检查的早期宫颈癌患者,比较术后复发组与无复发组间代谢参数的差异,评价18 F-FDG PET/CT参数结合临床特征对预后的预测价值。结果术后平均随访(53.86±15.74)个月,期间11例(11/70,15.71%)肿瘤复发。相关18 F-FDG PET/CT参数中,峰值标准摄取值(SUV peak)可预测肿瘤复发(AUC=0.672,P=0.03)。多因素比例风险模型(Cox)显示,淋巴结转移状态及SUV peak是最主要的预测因素。结论SUV peak和淋巴结转移状态是评价手术治疗后早期宫颈癌患者预后的主要指标。     

双源CT能谱参数定性诊断甲状腺乳头状癌术后颈部转移淋巴结

目的 探讨双源CT能谱参数对定性诊断甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）术后颈部转移淋巴结的价值。方法 选取PTC术后颈部淋巴结肿大患者30例、共74枚肿大淋巴结,其中49枚为转移性淋巴结（转移组）,25枚为非转移性淋巴结（非转移组）。另选30例良性病变患者作为良性增生组（30枚良性肿大淋巴结）。行双源CT平扫及增强扫描,测量并比较组间平扫、动脉期、静脉期碘浓度（分别记为IC_平扫、IC_动脉、IC_静脉）及标准化碘浓度（NIC）、能谱曲线斜率（K）。结果 3组间IC_平扫、IC_动脉、IC_静脉、NIC及K值差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）;转移组IC_平扫低于非转移组及良性增生组,IC_动脉、NIC及K值均高于非转移组及良性增生组（P均<0.05）;非转移组与良性增生组间IC_平扫、IC_动脉、IC_静脉、NIC及K值差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 双源CT能谱参数可用于定性诊断PTC术后颈部转移淋巴结。     

Patlak联合不可逆两组织隔室模型动态18F-FDG PET/CT诊断肺原发肿瘤胸部高代谢转移性淋巴结

目的 观察Patlak联合不可逆两组织隔室模型（2TC-3k）动态¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT诊断肺原发肿瘤胸部高代谢转移性淋巴结的价值。方法 前瞻性纳入16例CT显示胸部存在可疑淋巴结转移且拟接受PET/CT检查的肺原发肿瘤患者,行胸部动态和全身静态¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT扫描;计算全身静态PET/CT图像中原发肿瘤及胸部高代谢淋巴结的最大标准摄取值（SUV_max）及平均标准摄取值（SUV_mean）,纳入淋巴结SUV_max>2.5者。采用Patlak图形分析和2TC-3k分析原发肿瘤和高代谢淋巴结动态数据,获取动力学参数的一阶特征参数,建立logistic模型;以病理学为金标准,分析模型诊断胸部高代谢淋巴结转移的效能。结果 共纳入11例患者、32枚胸部高代谢淋巴结,病理学示15枚为转移性、17枚非转移性。Ki_Kurtosis诊断胸部转移性高代谢淋巴结的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.81,以71 590.45为Ki_Kurtosis的截断值,其敏感度为70.60%,特异度为86.70%;V_B_Entropy的AUC为0.79,以6.16×10^－4为V_B_Entropy的截断值,其敏感度为80.00%,特异度为82.40%。肺原发肿瘤与胸部高代谢转移性淋巴结V_B_Kurtosis （r=0.67,P<0.05）和Ki_UPP （r=0.69,P<0.05）呈正相关。Patlak动态PET/CT模型诊断胸部转移性高代谢淋巴结的AUC为0.85[95%CI（0.71,0.99）],敏感度为76.50%,特异度为93.30%;2TC-3k动态PET/CT模型的AUC为0.87[95%CI（0.74,0.99）],敏感度为82.40%,特异度为80.00%;二者联合模型的AUC为0.91[95%CI（0.80,1.00）],敏感度为94.10%,特异度为80.00%;3个模型AUC两两比较差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。结论 Patlak结合2TC-3k动态¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT对诊断肺原发肿瘤胸部高代谢转移性淋巴结具有一定价值。     

Five Cases of Axillary Lymph Node Metastatic Breast Cancer on Contrast‐Enhanced Sonography

This study was performed to determine the importance of contrast‐enhanced sonography for axillary lymph node metastatic breast cancer. Contrast‐enhanced sonographic findings in 5 patients with breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis are discussed, and imaging‐pathologic correlations are also presented in 3 cases. In all 5 cases, lymph nodes showed a perfusion defect in the late phase. Rapid arterial enhancement and wash‐out were observed in 2 cases in which we performed second injections. Contrast‐enhanced sonography may be effective for identifying metastatic lesions in lymph nodes, especially in the early stages.     

Sonography: an underutilized diagnostic tool in the assessment of metastatic groin nodes

PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic value of gray-scale sonography in differentiating benign reactive nodes from metastatic nodes in the groin. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with carcinoma of the penis, 3 patients with cutaneous melanoma, and 2 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower extremity with inguinal lymphadenopathy were studied. A total of 122 nodes in the groin were examined sonographically using a 7.5-MHz probe. Sonographic features studied included lymph node size, longitudinal/transverse diameter (L/T) ratio, presence or absence of echogenic hilum, and appearance of the cortex. Pathologic confirmation was obtained via lymph node biopsy in 14 patients and groin dissection in 18 patients. Sonographic features were correlated with final pathology. RESULTS: Forty-four of 122 nodes were metastatic and 78 were benign. L/T <2 had a sensitivity of 81% in the diagnosis of metastasis. Absent hilum had a sensitivity of only 68% but a specificity of 95%. An eccentric cortex was also highly specific for malignancy (96%). Presence of any sonographic feature suggestive of metastasis has a high sensitivity (95%) and negative predictive value (96%). The combination of L/T ratio <2 and absent hilum had the highest specificity (97%) combined with a high positive predictive value (93%). CONCLUSION: Sonography is useful in the evaluation of groin nodes for metastatic disease. It can help select a suspicious lymph node for cytologic/histologic confirmation.     

In vitro investigation of detectability of colorectal lymph nodes and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer using B-mode sonography

PURPOSE: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the feasibility of using high-frequency sonography to identify colorectal lymph nodes and to diagnose colorectal lymph node metastasis. METHODS: In part 1 of this study, resected colorectal tissues from 13 patients with colorectal cancer were scanned in a water bath using B-mode sonography performed at high frequency (10 MHz) to identify lymph nodes. The colorectal tissues were then carefully dissected to remove all lymph nodes. Detectability was calculated as the ratio of the number of sonographically detected nodes to the total number of histopathologically confirmed nodes. Student's t test was performed to compare sizes between these groups; a p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. In part 2, 4 features of lymph nodes identified on B-mode sonography--size, shape, border, and echogenicity--and their combinations were evaluated for their ability to diagnose lymph node metastasis. Discriminant and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed. RESULTS: In part 1, B-mode sonography performed in vitro detected 79 (48%) of the 165 histopathologically identified lymph nodes and 34 (87%) of the 39 histopathologically identified metastatic nodes. The mean size, or mean longest axis (+/- standard deviation), of the sonographically detected nodes (6.4 +/- 2.9 mm) was significantly larger than that of undetected nodes (3.6 +/- 1.7 mm; p < 0.01). In part 2, the most effective feature distinguishing metastatic from nonmetastatic lymph nodes was echogenicity, followed by size, shape, and border. However, a combination of at least 2 features (eg, echogenicity and size) provided better distinction of nodes than did any 1 feature. In the receiver operating characteristic curve of the 4-feature combination, an increase in sensitivity is accompanied by a decrease in specificity: at a sensitivity of 100%, specificities decreased to 60% or less. However, even with the optimal combination of features, the sensitivity and specificity did not both reach 85% at any operating point. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this node-by-node in vitro study show the current limitations and potential of sonography for assessing colorectal lymph nodes. High-frequency sonography may be insufficient for identifying lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.     

早期宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移危险因素及PET/CT诊断

目的 分析宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移危险因素,并探讨PET/CT定性及半定量诊断盆腔淋巴结转移的价值。方法 回顾性分析接受盆腔淋巴结清扫术的206例宫颈癌患者的临床资料,对年龄、BMI指数、病理类型、浸润深度、国际妇产科联盟（FIGO）分期、血清SCC水平、PET/CT淋巴结转移情况及原发灶SUV_max行单因素分析,并对上述有统计学意义的指标行多因素分析;计算PET/CT诊断宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的准确率、敏感度及特异度;记录淋巴结SUV_max值（SUV_maxLN）及其与原发灶、肝脏、腹主动脉SUV_max的比值（SUV_maxL/T、SUV_maxL/H、SUV_maxL/A）。绘制ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积（AUC）,确定最佳诊断界值。结果 单因素分析显示,年龄、BMI指数、病理类型、浸润深度、FIGO分期、血清SCC水平、PET/CT提示淋巴结转移以及原发灶SUV_max为宫颈癌淋巴结转移的重要因素（P < 0.05）。多因素分析显示血清SCC水平、肿瘤浸润深度、PET/CT提示盆腔淋巴结转移及原发灶SUV_max值是宫颈癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）。PET/CT诊断宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的敏感度为54.90%（28/51）,特异度为91.61%（142/155）,准确率为82.52%（170/206）。SUV_maxLN=4.19的诊断准确率高于传统界值（SUV_max=2.5）。与SUV_maxLN相比,以SUV_maxL/T、SUV_maxL/H、SUV_maxL/A诊断宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的ROC曲线差异无统计学意义。结论 血清SCC水平、肿瘤浸润深度、PET/CT提示盆腔淋巴结转移及原发灶SUV_max值是早期宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。PET/CT在定性及半定量评价宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移方面均具有一定价值。