禁欲时间对精子参数及精浆生化指标的影响

目的 探讨禁欲时间对精子参数及精浆生化指标的影响.方法 采用精子形态检测系统下人工修正方法进行精子形态分析.采用精子质量检测系统进行精子密度、活力分析.精浆果糖含量、中性a糖苷酶、精浆锌、酸性磷酸酶等采用分光光度比色法测定.采用DTNB改进法检测精浆肉毒碱含量.前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)采用试剂盒进行检测.根据禁欲时间分为3组:G1(禁欲1～3d)组、G2(禁欲4～5d)组和G3(禁欲6d以上)组.结果G2组精子密度[(70.64±63.79)×106]显著高于G1组[(57.40±45.36)×106,P＜0.01],G3组精子密度[(77.00±65.43)×106]显著高于G1组[(57.40±45.36)×106]和G2组[(70.64±63.79)×106,P＜0.01];而G3组精子活力[(36.30±21.46)%]和形态正常精子百分率[(17.00±9.86)%]显著低于G1组[(40.47±20.60)%,(18.32±9.83)%,均P＜0.01].G3组果糖含量[(20.86±15.54)μmol/1次射精]显著低于G1组和G2组[(26.40±16.53)、(23.45±18.08)μmol/1次射精,P＜0.01,P＜0.05],而G3组精浆中性a-糖苷酶[(47.14±33.61)mU/1次射精]、肉毒碱[(28.31±21.87)mmol/L]、锌含量[(2.67±1.47)mmol/L]均显著高于G1组[(33.67±24.14)mU/1次射精,(20.78±16.04)mmol/L,(2.21±1.01)mmol/L]和G2组[(42.05±30.63)mU/1次射精,(24.58±19.21)mmol/L,(2.07±1.01)mmol/L](P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 禁欲时间影响精子参数和精浆生化指标.     

Effect of aromatherapy on cancer complications: A systematic review

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of aromatherapy on cancer complications.MethodsIn this systematic review, international (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and CENTRAL) and national databases (SID and Magiran) were searched from inception of the databases to April 31, 2019. JBI and Jadad scales were used to assess the quality of the studies included.Resultsof 43 Studies conducted on 3239 cancer patients in 13 countries from 1995 to 2019, entered the final stage. The results showed that the aromatherapy improves the various physical and psychological complications, although few studies have shown that aromatherapy had no effect on skin reactions.ConclusionConsidering the various complications and costs in cancer patients, it seems that the aromatherapy can be used as a proper supplemental treatment to improve complications, although further studies are needed to determine the protocol and the standard dosage.     

肉碱治疗原发性弱精症疗效和安全性的系统评价

目的评价肉碱治疗原发性弱精症的疗效和安全性。方法采用Cochrane系统评价方法,电子检索1995年1月至2006年12月期间MEDLINE、EMbase、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI等资料库,辅以手工检索及追查已纳入文献的参考文献。纳入肉碱治疗原发性弱精症的随机对照试验（RCT）。由2名评价者共同评价纳入研究的质量,对符合标准的研究采用RevMan4．2．10软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入5个RCT,其中B级2个,C级3个,包括346例患者,排除失访人数后实际纳入307例进行Meta分析。Meta分析结果显示：①肉碱治疗3～6个月后,治疗组与对照组患者配偶的自然妊娠率差异有统计学意义[RR=2．46,95％CI（1．12,5．43）,P=0．03];②肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组与对照组前向活动精子数差异均无统计学意义[WMD=9．16,95％CI（0．14,18．18）,P=0．05;WMD=5．28,95％CI（-4．45,15．01）,P=0．29）];③肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组与对照组前向活动精子率差异均无统计学意义[WMD=14．56,95％CI（-4．49,33．61）,P=0．13;WMD=7．34,95％CI（-5．93,20．61）,P=0．28];④肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组与对照组活动精子数差异均无统计学意义[WMD=15．32,95％CI（-1．34,31．98）,P=0．07;WMD=6．20,95％CI（-3．00,15．39）,P=0．19];⑤肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组与对照组精子总活动率差异均无统计学意义[WMD=2．97,95％CI（-5．75,11．69）,P=0．50;WMD=4．48,95％CI（-9．17,18．14）,P=0．52];⑥肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组和对照组精液量差异均无统计学意义[WMD=-0．12,95％GI（-0．55,0．30）,P=0．57;WMD=0．03,95％CI（-0．38,0．45）,P=0．87];⑦肉碱治疗3个月和6个月后治疗组与对照组精子密度差异均无统计学意义[WMD=7．92,95％CI（-2．85,18．68）,P=0．15;WMD=1．02,95％CI（-5．09,7．14）,P=0．74]。有3个研究报告治疗期间均无严重不良反应发生。结论现有证据显示,肉碱治疗可提高原发性弱精症导致不育患者配偶的自然妊娠率,但不能改善精液分析的各项指标,无明显不良反应。由于本系统评价纳入文献的数量及质量有限,目前尚不能肯定肉碱治疗能够改善原发性弱精症导致不育患者的预后。建议进行大样本、设计良好、指标全面的临床随机对照试验,以提供更佳证据。     

吸烟对男性不育患者精子活力和动态参数的影响及相关性研究

目的 探讨吸烟对男性精液质量的影响并分析不育患者精子活力和动态参数的相关性.方法 应用伟力彩色精子质量分析系统对255例男性不育患者(吸烟组96例、非吸烟组84例和烟酒组75例)和112名正常生育男性的精子活力、直线运动速度(VSL)、曲线运动速度(VCL)、平均路径速度(VAP)、平均移动角度(MAD)、侧摆幅度(A...     

男性不育患者染色体核型与精液检测结果分析

目的探讨染色体多态性与精子DNA损伤的关系。方法对265例男性不育患者进行精液常规分析、精浆生化、精子DNA碎片化指数(DFI)检测及染色体核型分析,根据DFI结果分为DFI正常组及DFI异常组,比较两组精液常规分析情况及染色体多态性检测情况。结果 DFI正常患者182例,DFI异常患者83例;两组患者精子活力、密度、畸形率、精浆果糖、酸性磷酸酶、a-糖苷酶差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);DFI正常组染色体多态性患者2例,约占1.1%,DFI异常组染色体多态性患者12例,约占14.5%;DFI异常组检出染色体多态性多于DFI正常组(P<0.05)。结论染色体多态性可能与男性生殖异常有关,与精子DNA损伤亦可能存在一定关系。     

Effect of exercise on premenstrual symptoms: A systematic review

Introduction and purposeThe aim of this systematic review is to examine the effect of exercise on premenstrual symptoms.MethodsIn this systematic review, international databases (EBSCO Host, ScienceDirect PubMed, Google Scholar) were searched from the start of databases to 30 April 2018. Keywords used included “premenstrual syndrome” and “exercise”. For the keywords, “Medical Subject Headings” were used. Articles were screened by the two authors independently, and in case of disagreements, items were discussed until consensus was reached. All studies evaluating the effect of exercise on premenstrual symptoms were extracted from included studies without limiting the type of exercise.ResultsA total of 361 studies on the subject were examined, and 17 publications in accordance with the inclusion criteria were included in the study and evaluated. It can be said that exercise is effective in improving physical symptoms such as pain, constipation, breast sensitivity, and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and anger. However, although there is no clarity regarding other symptoms, exercise has a symptom-reducing effect.ConclusionExercise is an effective intervention for alleviating premenstrual symptoms in women with premenstrual syndrome.     

男性不育患者顶体酶活性与精子质量关系的分析

目的探讨精子顶体酶活性与精液常规分析指标的相关性,了解精子顶体酶活性在男性不育中的诊断价值。方法采用改良Kermedy法测定顶体酶活性,WJY-9000伟力彩色精子质量检测仪作精子密度、活动率和a＋b级活动力分析。分析1012例不育患者精液顶体酶活性与精子密度,活动率和活动力的相关性;并比较顶体酶活性、密度、活动率及a＋b级活动力在液化组（733例）和非液化组（279例）的差别,观察其差别是否有统计学意义。结果精子顶体酶活性与活动率、a＋b级活动力均存在正相关（P〈0．05）,与精子密度不相关（P〉0．05）。液化组的顶体酶活性、活动率、a＋b级活动力、精子密度均高于非液化组,活动率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论精子顶体酶活性与精液常规分析指标有相关性,精液液化状态影响精予质量。     

Acupuncture for treating hot flushes in men with prostate cancer: a systematic review

Goals of work  The goal of the study was to assess the effects of acupuncture as a treatment for hot flushes in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Materials and methods  The literature was searched using 14 databases with dates ranging from their inceptions to December 2008 and without language restrictions. All clinical studies of any type of acupuncture in PC patients were included. Their main outcome measures had to be vasomotor symptoms. Their methodological quality was assessed using the modified Jadad score. Results  Six studies met all the inclusion criteria. One randomised clinical trial compared the effects of manual acupuncture with acupuncture plus electro-acupuncture. The other five studies were uncontrolled observational studies and therefore had limitations. Conclusion  The evidence is not convincing to suggest acupuncture is an effective treatment for hot flush in patients with PC. Further research is required to investigate whether acupuncture has hot-flush-specific effects.     

Fatigue prevalence in men treated for prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUNDThe side effects of prostate cancer (PCa) treatment are very prominent, with cancer-related fatigue (CRF) being the most common. Fatigue is a distressing symptom that interferes with daily functioning and seriously affects patient quality of life during, and for many years after, treatment. However, compared with other types of cancer, such as breast cancer, little is known about the prevalence of PCa-related fatigue.AIMTo determine the prevalence of CRF in patients with PCa.METHODSA systematic search of EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG DATA, Technology Journal Database and the Chinese Biological Medical Database was conducted up to July 28, 2020. Included studies measured the incidence of PCa-related fatigue and differentiated fatigue outcomes (incidence) between treatment modalities and fatigue assessment times. In our meta-analysis, both fixed and random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled prevalence of PCa-related fatigue. Subgroup analyses were performed using treatment modalities and fatigue assessment times. Publication and sensitivity bias analyses were performed to test the robustness of the associations.RESULTSFourteen studies, involving 4736 patients, were eligible for the review. The pooled CRF prevalence was 40% in a total sample of 4736 PCa patients [95% confidence interval (CI): 29-52; P < 0.01; I² = 98%]. The results of the subgroup analyses showed the prevalence of CRF after androgen deprivation therapy treatment, radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy to be 42% (95%CI: 20-67, P < 0.01, I² = 91%), 21% (95%CI: 16-26, P = 0.87, I² = 0%) and 40% (95%CI: 22-58, P < 0.01, I² = 90%), respectively. The prevalence of acute and persistent fatigue was 44% (95%CI: 25-64; P < 0.01; I² = 93%) and 29% (95%CI: 25-32; P = 0.30; I² = 17%), respectively.CONCLUSIONOur meta-analysis showed that fatigue is a common symptom in men with PCa, especially those using hormone therapy.     

Effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on fatigue: A systematic review of interventional studies

AimsA number of studies have examined the beneficial effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on fatigue in different population, but the findings have been inconclusive. Herein, we systematically reviewed available interventional studies to elucidate the overall effects of CoQ10 supplementation on fatigue among adolescent and adult population.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane's library, Science direct, Scopus, Google scholar and ISI web of science databases were searched for all available literature until April 2018 for studies assessing the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on fatigue. The Cochrane bias assessment tool were used to assess the quality of studies.ResultsA total of 16 studies out of 1316 met our inclusion criteria and included in our systematic review. Among included studies 10 of them showed significant beneficial effects (p < 0.05) of CoQ10 supplementation on fatigue status among healthy, fibromyalgia, statin-related fatigue, multiple sclerosis and end-stage heart failure subjects. CoQ10 supplementation could alleviate fatigue, but differences between studies population should be taken into account.ConclusionIt seems CoQ10 has better therapeutic effects in statin-related fatigue and fibromyalgia patients compared with the other disease related fatigue. Finally, in order to draw a firm link between CoQ10 and fatigue, more clinical trials with adequate sample size and with sufficient follow-up periods are needed.     

精索静脉曲张不育患者精子动态学参数变化分析

目的 分析精索静脉曲张(VC)不育患者精子动态学参数的变化.方法 采用彩色精子质量分析系统对58例VC伴不育患者(VC组)和62例非VC不育患者(非VC组)精液标本进行精子动态学参数分析.结果 VC组精子动态学参数中的前向性(STR)、直线性(LIN)、曲线速度(VCL)、摆动性(WDB)和平均路径速度(VAP)均低于非VC组(P<0.05).结论 VC可致精子头部受损,导致精子动态学参数异常,引起男性不育.     

Effects of almond intake on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Background and aimsSeveral randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that almonds can improve oxidative stress indices, but the results are controversial. Therefore, the goal of this research was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of all RCTs that evaluated the effect of almonds on selected oxidative stress indices.MethodsA systematic search was conducted up to April 2022 on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We have selected the studies that investigated the effects of almonds on malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) levels in adults. Data were pooled by using the random-effects model. The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool.ResultsSeven RCTs involving 424 participants were analyzed. The results indicated that almond intake led to a significant decrease in MDA levels (WMD: − 6.63 nmol/ml; 95 % CI: − 8.72 to − 4.54; P < 0.001). However, no significant effect was observed on Ox-LDL (Hedges’ g: − 0.12; 95 % CI: − 0.34 to 0.10; P = 0.28). Sensitivity analysis showed that overall estimates were not affected by the elimination of any study. We did not observe any evidence regarding publication bias.ConclusionThe present meta-analysis suggests that almond intake can improve MDA levels and might play a beneficial role in the reinforcement of the antioxidant defense system and amelioration of oxidative stress in adults. There is a need for more studies with larger groups to better estimate this effect.     

精液中一氧化氮含量与精子凋亡关系的初探

目的研究精液中一氧化氮（NO）含量对精子凋亡的影响及其与男性不育之间的相关性,寻找治疗男性不育的有效途径。方法依据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准进行精液常规检测。应用硝酸还原酶法测定不育组和对照组精液中NO的含量。应用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（TdT）介导的原位末端标记（TUNEL）法检测精子凋亡情况,观察不育组精子凋亡的形态结构改变,统计2组间精子凋亡率。结果不育组精液中NO含量[（58．37±14．14）μmol/L]高于对照组[（35．20±8．23）μmol／L]（P〈0．01）;对照组精子凋亡率为9．67％±2．54％,低于不育组精子凋亡率33．98％±10．54％（P〈0．01）。将不育组分为弱精组、少精组和畸形精子组,以畸形精子组NO含量最高,凋亡率也为最高,弱精组及少精组次之。结论不育组高浓度NO和精子凋亡率呈正相关,随着NO浓度增高,精子凋亡率增加。精液中高浓度NO可能是男性生育力下降的原因之一。     

The effect of lavender on stress in individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundLavender is considered as one of the medicinal plants to manage stress. Although many preliminary studies evaluated the effect of lavender on individuals’ stress level, to the best of our knowledge, we did not find a study that summarizes the results. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the Pooled effect of lavender on the stress level of individuals using systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodA systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020 was performed on the SID, MagIran, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) databases, and Google Scholar motor engine using related MeSH/Emtree and ‎Free Text words,‎ including “Lavender*”, “Lavandula*”, “Stress*”, “Stress Disorders, Traumatic”, and “Stress, Psychological” with no time limitation until August 2021: We also searched two Iranain free local resourses including MagIran https://www.magiran.com and Scientific Information Database (SID) https://www.sid.ir. The quality assessment of studies was performed using JBI checklist. Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using I² index and Random Effects model was used to combine the data and perform the meta-analysis.ResultsIn the initial search, 1520 articles were found. After excluding the irrelevant studies, finally, 21 articles with a sample size of 791 in the intervention group and 804 in the control group were included in the meta-analysis. As a result of combining the studies, stress score after using lavender in the intervention group showed a significant decrease of 0.63 ± 0.13 (95% CI) more than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The results of subgroup analysis demonstrated that the highest standardized mean difference (SMD) before and after the intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group was related to L. angustifolia species with 0.73 ± 0.22, student groups with 2.27 ± 1.34, and diagnostic tool of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) with 0.82 ± 0.42, indicating that the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe pooled estimation of this systematic reiew and meta-analysis revealed that lavender significantly reduces individuals’ stress. Therefore, it seems that the use of lavender can be considered as a part of a stress management programs, especially in student groups.     

动态系统评价简介

系统评价作为循证医学中较高等级证据,其制作方法相对成熟,但更新机制尚不完善。动态系统评价通过周期性获取临床证据,及时更新系统评价结果,能有效提高系统评价的时效性。本文从动态系统评价的产生、特点、适用情况、实施过程、应用现状等几个方面对其进行简要介绍。     

Effects of Cynara scolymus L. on glycemic indices:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

ObjectivesCynara scolymus L. (common artichoke) and its products have been considered as potential phytotherapeutic agents for various conditions, such as cardiovascular, hepatic and gastric diseases, among others. Until now, the effects of artichoke and artichoke products administration on glycemic indices have not been sufficiently appraised. The present study evaluated the effects of artichoke and artichoke products administration on the glycemic indices.MethodsClinical trials were identified in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases; to infinity until 15 March 2020. Weighted mean differences (WMD) were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods.ResultsPooled analysis of nine Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), demonstrated that the administration of artichoke and artichoke products led to a significant reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD: −5.28 mg/dl, 95 % CI: −8.95, −1.61; p = 0.005). However, other glycemic indeces including fasting insulin (WMD: −0.45 μIU/dL, 95 % CI: −1.14, 0.25; p = 0.20), HOMA-IR (MD: −0.25, 95 % CI: −0.57, 0.07; p = 0.12) or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD: −0.09, 95 % CI: −0.20, 0.02; p = 0.09) did not alter after the administration of artichoke and artichoke products. A subgroup analysis comparing the kind of intervention, revealed that just the supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products, in a noco-supplementation form, was efficacy for the reduction of Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: −0.52, 95 % CI: −0.85, −0.19; p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products can significantly reduce the FBS concentrations in humans. Moreover, these outcomes suggested that just the supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products is more effective in the reduction of HOMA-IR levels than the co-supplementation form. However, additional clinical trials with longer study periods are necessitated to obtain a robust conclusion for producing new guidelines as part of a healthy diet.     

男性不育患者精子DFI与其他精液参数的关系

目的通过研究精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)与其他精液参数的相关性,探讨精子DFI在诊断和治疗男性不育中的临床应用价值。方法收集2019年1月至2020年1月在该院生殖中心就诊的959例男性不育患者的精液标本,通过计算机辅助分析系统进行精液常规检测,运用Diff-quik染色法对精液进行染色处理后再作形态学分析,采用精子染色质扩散试验检测精子DFI,根据精子DFI值分组,Ⅰ组精子DFI<30%,Ⅱ组精子DFI≥30%,并对精子DFI与其他精液参数的相关性进行分析。结果Ⅰ组有754例;Ⅱ组有205例。Ⅰ组的精子存活率、前向运动精子百分率(PR)、非前向运动精子百分率(NP)和正常形态精子百分率明显高于Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ⅰ组患者的年龄、不动精子百分率(IM)明显低于Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。精子DFI与精子存活率、PR、NP、正常形态精子百分率呈负相关(r=-0.409、-0.402、-0.198、-0.216,P<0.05),而与患者年龄和IM呈正相关(r=0.181、0.402,P<0.05)。结论精子DFI与多项精液参数相关,因此精子DFI检测应与精液常规检测及精子形态学分析相结合,为临床评估男性不育患者的生育力提供可靠且准确的评价指标。