CT仿真内窥镜检查时仰卧位和俯卧位对充气结肠扩张度影响的研究

目的 探讨CT仿真结肠内窥镜(CT virtual colonoscopy，CTVC)检查时仰卧位和俯卧位扫描对充气结肠扩张度的影响。方法 30例患者进行结肠镜检查之前进行了结肠CTVC检查，并进行了仰卧位和俯卧位扫描肠管扩张度的评分；比较不同体位下结肠扩张度的差异。结果 对结肠肠段而言，仰卧位和俯卧位时分别有26段(17％)和22段(15％)结肠肠段扩张不足，双体位下仅仅有5段(3％)肠段扩张不足；对结肠而言，仰卧位和俯卧位分别有15例(50％)和13例(43％)的结肠扩张不足，双体位时则下降至5例(17％)；直肠、乙状结肠和横结肠在内不同体位中的扩张度差异具有显著性意义。结论 CTVC中进行仰卧位和俯卧位扫描对于保证结肠的充分扩张是极为必要的；横结肠在仰卧位时扩张较佳，而直肠、乙状结肠在俯卧位时具有更好的扩张度。     

Technical parameters influencing the severity of injury of front-seat,belt-protected car passengers on the impact side in car-to-car side collisions with the main impact between the front and rear seats (B-pillars)

Summary Authentic car-to-car side collisions (n = 30) with the main impact area at the B-pillar were analyzed to find technical parameters corresponding with the injury severities of the front seat, belt-protected car passengers on the impact side. EES (Energy Equivalent Speed) and Av (delta v, change in velocity) were highly significant predictors of the severity of thoracic and abdominal injuries and total injury severity coded according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). At an EES or v 40 km/h all front-seat car passengers on the impact side sustained a total injury severity of Maximum AIS (MAIS) 4 and died. Although a passenger could survive the crash without injury to one or more body regions up to the highest EES- and Av-values, at EES or v 40 km/h fatal injuries were sustained in at least one body region. At an EES 35 km/h or a Av 15 km/h no front-seat car passenger on the impact side remained uninjured.