公立医院合同制用工管理对策研究

《劳动合同法》正式实施以来,事业单位合同制用工管理出现了许多难点。公立医院作为合同制用工（又称编制外用工）＂大户＂,近年来,管理缺位、人才流失等问题频频困扰管理者。目的：本文旨在分析公立医院合同制用工管理现状的基础上,明确存在的问题,为建立合理高效的用人机制,进一步提高公立医院人事管理水平,提出可行建议。方法：采用问卷调查法和访谈法,以N医院为调研对象,从用工成本、工作效率、离职率及员工满意度等方面入手,全面分析编制外用工管理的问题。结果：公立医院合同制用工方式方法及编外人员的行为态度都存在可继续改善的空间。结论：建议医院转变观念,从招聘、考核、培训、文化传承等环节入手,常抓不懈,形成可持续发展的人才管理模式。     

城市公立医院信用指标体系研究

目的:建立一套公平合理的公立医院信用评价指标体系,对城市的公立医疗机构进行评价,以保证公立医院健康、有序、持续地运行.方法:查阅文献,设计出一套初步的指标体系,再进行两轮专家咨询,然后对指标进行修改,确定权重.结果:建立医院信用评价三级指标体系,一级指标分别为病人感知质量指标、院方相关指标、第三方评价指标.分别对应二级、三级指标及各自权重.结论:通过构建一套公立医院信用评价体系,特别是将信用加入其中,可改进传统的公立医院评价方法.     

公立医院绩效评价指标体系的研究

目的:构建科学、实用并且适合公立医院的绩效评价指标体系,为医院自我评价提供参考依据,也为卫生行政部门评价、检查医院提供参考指标.方法:采用文献法和专家咨询法(Delphi法)确定绩效评价指标体系并确定各级指标的权重.结果:确定公立医院绩效评价指标体系.指标体系分为3级,一级指标4个(效果、效率、效益、效用)、二级指标9个(医疗质量、创新能力、医疗效率、人员构架、收入情况、患者费用、医疗收益、服务质量、发展潜力)、三级指标33个(基础护理合格率、人均发表论文数、平均住院日等).结论:该评价指标体系较为合理全面,计算方法简单易行,既可以横向比较医院同期的各绩效水平,也可以纵向比较某医院不同时期的差别,因此具有很强的可操作性.     

公立医院党建评价指标体系构建与实证研究

目的：构建公立医院党建评价指标体系并进行实证研究,为更好地评价医院党建工作提供依据。方法：运用访谈法、文献研究法,通过研读党章、相关政策文件,基于“扎根理论”通过Nvivo 12.0 plus软件初步构建党建评价指标体系,运用德尔菲专家咨询法确定最终的党建评价指标,运用层次分析法以及变异系数法计算各评价指标权重;根据权重确定各指标分值并设计评分问卷,运用分层抽样方法随机抽取深圳市某公立医院10个党支部进行实证研究,进一步完善评价指标体系。结果：最终确定指标体系包含5项一级指标、17项二级指标、55项三级指标。向医院党委办公室进行求证,了解各支部日常党建工作开展情况,与问卷调查所得分数基本相符。结论：本次挑选的函询专家较为权威,积极性较高,在95%CI下专家意见协调性较好,指标评估结果可信度较高。经过实证结果可知,本评价指标体系可以较好反映各支部的工作情况,可靠性良好。     

某三级公立医院院内绩效考核指标体系构建与实践

目的:探索建立符合地市级三级公立医院特点的绩效考核指标及评价体系,并通过实证研究提出三级公立医院绩效考核工作提升策略,促进医院高质量发展。方法:以三级公立医院绩效考核指标和三级医院评审标准为导向,结合案例医院总体工作计划、财务预算和管理现状,根据平衡计分卡理论,综合采用文献分析法、德尔菲法等方法,建立符合医院实际的绩效考核指标体系,并在实践中不断优化完善。结果:以医疗质量与安全、学科建设、运营效率、科研教学、科室管理和满意度评价为主线的绩效考核体系,规范了医院管理,较好地促进了医院实现稳增长、调结构、促发展的预期目标。结论:构建科学、规范、可操作的绩效考核指标体系,对于规范医疗行为、提高医疗技术水平、促进医院高质量发展具有重要意义。     

基于层次分析法的公立医院公益性评价指标体系构建

目的用层次分析(AHP)法对公立医院公益性评价各指标量化,以期为建立科学合理的评价指标体系提供一个有效的方式借鉴。方法根据德尔菲法调查结果,用AHP软件建立层次模型,构造判断矩阵,计算各指标权重。结果确定了含3个一级指标,7个二级指标和26个三级指标在内的公立医院公益性评价指标体系,指标涉及医疗服务质量,社会评价等方面。其中医疗服务质量体系评价的权重系数为0.637,明显高于权重系数为0.105的医疗服务的社会评价。结论在对所建指标体系进行一致性检验后,证明了AHP法的科学性和可行性。但是指标体系中仍存在弊端,还需逐步修改。     

对公立医院公益性评价的构想

公立医院公益性是当前社会研究的热点问题之一。新医改方案强调公立医院要以维护公益性为核心。可是什么是公立医院公益性？应该从哪些方面来评价公立医院的公益性？目前还没有一个科学合理的评价指标体系。建立公立医院公益性评价指标体系意义重大,势在必行,应该在政府层面进行评价指标体系的探索研究。文章认为可从覆盖人群、医疗技术与救助能力、医院教学科研、依法行医、诚信服务、医疗负担、医院为政府承担的政策性亏损6个方面进行构建。     

基于TOPSIS法的公立医院公益性评价研究

目的:评价武汉市公立医院公益性,验证公益性评价指标体系的科学性、合理性和适应性.方法:选用公立医院公益性评价的18个指标,采用TOPSIS方法对武汉市7家公立医院的公益性进行综合评价.结果:7家医院的公益性评价指数在0.12-0.69之间,造成这种差异的主要原因是各医院在财政投入、医院服务量、公共卫生及慈善服务等指标数据上的差异性.结论:总体上7家公立医院的公益性评价不高,提示政府只有加大对公立医院的投入,同时解决好投入的有效性问题,才能使公立医院逐步约束逐利动机,做好各项公益性工作,真正回归公益性.     

县级公立医院绩效考核指标体系构建与实践

目的 构建县级公立医院绩效考核指标体系,对职能部门及临床医技科室进行公正、客观评价。方法 集束化应用平衡计分卡、关键绩效指标及360度考评方法提取绩效考核指标,探索建立县级公立医院绩效考核指标体系并在A医院实践。结果 构建了职能部门与临床医技科室绩效考核指标体系并在A医院实施有效。结论 构建的绩效考核指标体系在医院实践并提高了医院的运营效率,改善了收支结构和费用控制,提升了医院绩效管理水平及危重症救治能力,可为其他县级公立医院绩效考核提供借鉴。     

我国医院科技影响力评价指标体系研究

应用文献调研法形成指标体系框架,通过两轮Delphi专家咨询法确定适用于我国医院科技影响力评价的指标体系,具体包括3个1级指标、9个2级指标和21个3级指标。本研究所建立的较完备的中国医院科技影响力评价指标体系,可用于评价我国医院的科技影响力水平,为医院的科研管理和科研决策提供信息支持。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.