超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的：评估超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用价值。方法：回顾分析应用超声刀行腹腔镜胆囊切除术134例。结果：134例手术均获成功，平均手术时间为25min，平均出血6ml，无术中及术后并发症发生。结论：超声刀凝血功能强，术中出血少，减少组织损伤，手术过程加快，它有助于提高LC的临床疗效，是一种安全、有效的方法，具有广阔的应用前景。     

超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的　探讨超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)中处理胆囊动脉及闭合胆囊管的可行性及优越性。　方法　回顾分析 2 0 0 1 1～ 2 0 0 1 6选择 4 6例LC手术中超声刀处理胆囊管、胆囊动脉。　结果　均在术后 3天治愈出院。 4 6例无胆漏、无术中出血。　结论　超声刀处理胆囊动脉、选择性闭合胆囊管是安全、可靠、有效的方法。     

超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

早期腹腔镜手术一般使用电凝钩和钛合金金属夹来完成组织分离、切割和止血.高强电流通过人体及金属异物存留体内会对手术及术后患者康复造成影响.超声刀采用机械振荡原理,切开、凝固组织和闭合管道,为腹腔镜微创手术的进一步发展提供了条件.2002年11月始我院应用超声刀对128例胆囊炎患者行腹腔镜手术,现报道如下.     

国产超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的探讨国产超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopiccholecystectomy,LC)中的临床应用价值。方法36例在全麻下行改良LC,21例使用国产USI超声刀(USI组),15例使用进口超声刀(GEN组)。结果2组手术均获成功,无中转开腹。术中未发生仪器故障。USI组手术时间(42.6±7.5)min,术后引流量(34.3±14.0)ml,术后住院(4.9±0.9)d,胆囊管凝切速率(335.1±180.3)μm/s,胆囊动脉凝切速率(524.2±127.8)μm/s,胆囊管变性范围(2047.6±376.3)μm;GEN组手术时间(47.0±9.0)min,术后引流量(38.0±3.9)ml,术后住院(4.3±0.9)d,胆囊管凝切速率(403.5±120.1)μm/s,胆囊动脉凝切速率(513.5±125.9)μm/s,胆囊管变性范围(2266.7±306.3)μm。2组上述指标比较差异均无显著性(P>0·05)。结论国产USI超声刀性能指标稳定,各主要指标符合临床要求,手术视野清晰,解剖层次清楚,可以满足脏器、组织的切割和止血。     

超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

<正> 超声刀(Cavitron Ultrasonic SurgicalAspirator,CUSA)是一种新型切割、凝固的电外科设备,具有无热传导、创伤小等优点而成为开展微创外科手术安全有效的工具。1995年7月,我们对胆囊结石4例用超声刀行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC),效果满意。现将CUSA在LC中的应用情况及体会介绍如下。     

超声刀在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

2002年3月以来，我院用超声刀代替高频电刀行腹腔镜胆囊切除术78例，获得满意效果，报告如下。     

超声刀在腹腔镜脾切除术中的临床应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜结合超声刀在脾切除术中的临床应用价值。方法:应用腹腔镜结合超声刀行脾切除12例,其中脾亢4例,外伤脾7例,脾肿瘤1例,均在全麻下实施腹腔镜手术。结果:12例手术均获成功,手术平均时间150m in。无严重并发症发生,仅1例术后2周发生脾窝积液并感染,经手术引流痊愈。结论:腹腔镜结合超声刀行脾切除术具有较高的实用价值,在严格掌握手术适应证的基础上,腹腔镜行中等肿大以下脾切除术是可行的。     

超声刀在甲状腺切除术中应用效果的Meta分析

目的:综合评价超声刀在开放性甲状腺切除术中的应用价值.方法:检索国内数据库上所有关于超声刀在开放性甲状腺切除术中使用的随机对照试验(RCT).按照纳入排除标准筛选和提取数据,并采用RevMan5.2软件进行统计学分析.结果:最终纳入13个随机对照试验,共1 527例患者.Meta分析结果显示,与传统手术方法比较,超声刀能缩短甲状腺全切除术和甲状腺腺叶切除术的手术时间(WMD=-22.73,95％ CI=-29.15-16.32,P＜0.00001;WMD=-16.21,95％CI=-19.74-12.69,P＜0.00001);可以减少甲状腺全切术时术中出血量和术后引流量(WMD=-31.00,95％CI=-38.85-23.15,P＜0.00001;WMD=-12.56,95％CI=-21.36-3.76,P=0.005),以及术后暂时性低钙血症发生率(OR=0.59,95％CI=0.42-0.83,P=0.003).喉返神经麻痹发生率方面,超声刀和传统手术无统计学差异(OR=1.38,95％CI=0.70-2.74,P=0.35).结论:超声刀能缩短甲状腺切除术中的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量以及术后低钙血症的发生率.     

超声刀在腹腔镜子宫切除术中的应用

目的 :探讨腹腔镜下应用超声刀行筋膜内子宫切除术 (CISH)、腹腔镜协助阴式子宫切除术(LAVH)的可行性。方法 :对用超声刀施术 2 4 0例与用单极电刀行子宫切除 16 0例和用双极电凝行子宫切除16 0例的手术时间、手术难度、术中腹腔出血量及患者术后恢复情况进行比较。结果 :超声刀手术组在手术时间 ,术中腹腔出血量 ,术后体温恢复 ,术后肛门排气时间 ,术后患者自觉症状等方面明显优于单极电刀手术组和双极电凝手术组。结论 :超声刀在子宫切除手术中具有安全、可靠、作用迅速、操作便捷等优点 ,有很高的临床应用价值     

Harmonic Scalpel versus Monopolar Electrocauterization in Cholecystectomy

Methods:From October 2010 through June 2013, a total of 198 patients were randomly allocated to LC with a Harmonic scalpel (experimental group, 117 patients) or conventional monopolar electrocautery (control group, 81 patients). The main outcome measures were operative time, blood loss, conversion to laparotomy, postoperative hospital stay, post-LC pain, and cost effectiveness.Results:The 2 groups were comparable with respect to baseline patient characteristics. When compared to conventional monopolar electrocautery, there were no significant reductions in the operative time, bleeding, frequency of conversion to laparotomy, and duration of postoperative recovery with the Harmonic scalpel (P > .05 for all).Conclusions:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using conventional monopolar electrocautery is as effective and safe as that with the Harmonic scalpel, for treating uncomplicated cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.     

超声刀在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值

目的探讨超声刀在低位小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值。方法 2008年1月~12月对75例甲状腺良性疾病行开放性小切口（2~3 cm）甲状腺切除术,术中利用冷光源拉钩作为光源兼拉钩,超声刀处理甲状腺血管和腺体。结果平均手术时间70 min（40~135 min）,术中平均出血量15 ml（5~20 ml）。术后24 h平均切口引流量25 ml（10~50ml）。无出血、神经、甲状旁腺损伤及其他并发症。75例术后平均随访16个月（14~18个月）,未见病变复发、甲状腺功能减低。结论冷光源拉钩辅助下超声刀应用于开放性小切口甲状腺切除,可以方便手术操作,止血效果可靠。     

Harmonic Scalpel Compared to Conventional Hemostasis in Thyroid Surgery

The aim of this study was to determine whether conventional hemostasis (CH) or the harmonic scalpel (HS) results in shorter operative times for thyroidectomy and to evaluate the incidence of postoperative complications with each approach. In this study, 85 consecutive patients undergone open thyroidectomy were randomized into two groups: group CH (conventional hemostasis with classic technique of tying and knots, resorbable ligature, bipolar diathermy) and group HS (harmonic scalpel). Demographics, pathological characteristics, thyroid size, operative time, blood loss, and complications using the Student’s t-test and χ²-test. The two groups were similar regarding age and sex. There were no intraoperative complications. There was no difference between the two techniques regarding the amount of blood loss for different procedures. No significant differences were found between the two groups concerning mean thyroid weight and mean hospital stay (2.2 days in HS vs. 3.7 in CH; P > 0.05). The mean operative time was significantly shorter in the HS group (47.2 min vs. 79.2 min; P < 0.001). Two (4.7 %) transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsies were observed in the CH group and no one (0 %) in the HS group. No patient developed permanent palsy. Postoperative transient hypocalcemia occurred more frequently in the CH group (21/43, 48 % vs. 7/42, 16 %). In patients undergoing thyroidectomy, HS is a reliable and safe tool. Comparing with CH techniques, its use reduces operative times, postoperative pain, drainage volume, and transient hypocalcemia.     

Ureteral Injury Due to a Harmonic Scalpel During Laparoscopic Salpingo-oophorectomy

We present an unusual complication of a ureteral injury occurring during a bilateral laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy with the Harmonic scalpel (HS). The case illustrates in the same patient the versatility of the HS as a laparoscopic surgical instrument and energy source while at the same time demonstrating the potential for adverse, unexpected complications.     

超声刀与电凝在腹腔镜结直肠癌手术中的疗效比较

目的 比较超声刀与电凝在腹腔镜结直肠癌手术中的安全性与有效性.方法 2002年5月至2006年12月间,82例结直肠癌患者行腹腔镜结直肠手术,手术中分别应用超声刀(44例)和电凝(38例),比较两组的手术时间、出血量、使用止血夹数及术后肠功能恢复时间、平均住院时间和术后并发症发生率.结果 超声刀组出血量明显少于电凝组(P＜0.05);超声刀组使用止血夹数(2.3枚/例)明显少于电凝组(5.1枚/例)(P＜0.05).而术后肠功能恢复时间和平均住院时间两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).超声刀组并发症发生率2.3%,明显低于电凝组的10.5%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 超声刀在腹腔镜结直肠外科应用中出血量少、使用止血夹数少、术后并发症少,是安全可靠的止血工具.     

Stapleless Laparoscopic Splenectomy Using Harmonic Scalpel by 2-Step Sealing

Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) has been accepted as a safe and effective procedure as compared with open splenectomy. Recently, there have been a few reports on the LigaSure vessel sealing system as an alternative hemostasis to clip ligation. Here we report the experience of LS using an alternative energy device, Harmonic Scalpel laparoscopic coagulating shears (LCS). Preliminary experience of LS with LCS for a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is reported. Generally, two-step sealing with LCS was used for vessels of the splenic pedicle approximately 5 mm in diameter without using the Endo-GIA stapler. Operative time was 93 minutes, and blood loss was 40 mL. The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day with no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The LS with LCS was performed safely using two-step sealing. Further experience is necessary to verify the safety of this procedure.     

Safe Transanal Tumor Resection Using a Harmonic Scalpel

We performed a safe and simple transanal tumor resection involving total layer resection using a harmonic scalpel as a resecting device. Here we report the results of our experience with this technique between 2005 and 2011. This study involved 32 patients who underwent transanal tumor resection using a harmonic scalpel. The subjects comprised 18 men and 14 women ranging in age from 34 to 87 years (mean: 64.5 years). The tumors measured 8 to 70 mm (mean: 31 mm) in diameter. The operation took 7 to 86 minutes (mean: 29 minutes), and the amount of bleeding was 0 to 165 mL (mean: 16.2 mL). There was no intraoperative blood loss that necessitated hemostatic procedures. Histopathologically, the lesions included hyperplastic polyp in 1 case, adenoma in 9, carcinoma in situ in 7, submucosal invasive cancer in 6, muscularis propria cancer in 4, carcinoid in 1, malignant lymphoma in 1, gastrointestinal stromal tumor in 1, mucosal prolapsed syndrome in 1, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in 1. With our technique, en bloc resection was achieved in all patients, and the use of a harmonic scalpel enabled us to complete the operation within 30 minutes, on average, without intraoperative bleeding.Key words: Rectal tumor, Transanal tumor resection, Harmonic scalpelWith technical developments and advances in colonoscopic diagnosis, such as magnifying endoscopy^1–3 and the narrow band imaging system,^4,5 and ablative surgery, such as endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)^1,6 and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD),⁷ cures have become achievable with endoscopic resection (ER) alone in many cases of early colorectal carcinoma. ER is the treatment of choice for early colorectal carcinoma. However, with large lesions, conventional EMR cannot be performed as an en bloc resection; and even with lesions smaller than 20 mm in diameter, incomplete resection or piecemeal resection often occurs. After endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection, histopathological assessment of complete resection is difficult and the risk of local recurrence is high.⁸ ESD has also been used to treat large colorectal adenomas, with recurrence rates of 0 to 9% and complication rates of only 0 to 9%.^9–11 However, compared with conventional EMR, the ESD technique is technically challenging and time consuming and requires a steep learning curve.^9,12 In addition, there are some issues involved in ER of lower rectal neoplastic lesions. Specifically, ER of these lesions is associated with higher risk of postoperative bleeding than that of lesions at other sites, because the rectum has abundant blood flow, and resection of some lower rectal lesions causes pain because of the sensory nerve distribution in this area.On the other hand, spread of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer has led to a marked improvement of the quality of life (QOL) of these patients after resection,^13,14 and the incidence of lymph node metastasis in cases of submucosal invasive (SM) cancer is as low as about 10%.^15–18 Taking these into account, radical surgical resection, including abdominoperitoneal resection that requires a permanent stoma, seems to be excessively invasive in cases of early colorectal cancer. Recent years have seen great benefits of surgical treatment for lower rectal cancer, because intersphincteric resection (ISR)¹⁹ has become more common, allowing sphincter-preserving surgery even in patients in whom creation of a permanent stoma would have otherwise been required. The feasibility of ISR under laparoscopy has also improved the postoperative QOL.²⁰ However, even at present, the QOL is not necessarily satisfactory in terms of bowel function. In this regard, transanal tumor resection is a useful procedure for tumor removal in some cases, yielding a postoperative QOL comparable with that after EMR.We perform safe transanal tumor resection involving total layer resection using a harmonic scalpel as a resecting device. Here we report the results of our experience with this technique.     

超声刀在开放结直肠癌根治手术中的应用

目的探讨在开放结直肠癌根治手术中使用腹腔镜下超声刀与使用电刀的差异。方法2007年4月至2007年12月期间我院同一治疗组收治结直肠癌患者59例，其中29例使用强生公司GEN300超声刀手术（超声刀组），另30例使用电刀手术作为对照（电刀组）。2组患者年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、Dukes分期、大体类型、组织学分化程度等因素间差异均无统计学意义。结果超声刀组均采用较电刀组短的手术切口，直肠、乙状结肠癌自脐下部至耻骨上部，不绕脐向上延长切口；右半、左半结肠癌手术切口较电刀组短约3～5cm。所有病例手术均获得成功。超声刀组和电刀组平均手术时间分别为126和119min（P〉0．05），术中平均失血量分别为50（20-140）ml和90（40-200）ml（P〉0．05）。术后胃肠功能恢复时间、平均住院时间和并发症发生率2组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。超声刀组术后腹腔引流液由血性转为浆液性的平均时间为8（2-20）h，电刀组平均为48（16～80）h（P〈0．05）。结论开放结直肠癌根治手术中使用腹腔镜下超声刀和相应手术器械操作，具有手术切口缩小、组织损伤降低等优势，深化了开放手术中的微创理念，值得推广。     

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy With Harmonic Scalpel

Background:

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the “gold standard” in the treatment of symptomatic gallbladder lithiasis. Nevertheless, some pitfalls are associated with the use of the monopolar hook, such as the risk of thermal injuries and biliary complications. By contrast, the ultrasonically activated scalpel, ie, Harmonic (Ethicon Endo Surgery INC - Johnson & Johnson Medical SPA, Somerville, NJ) in laparoscopic cholecystectomies has been increasingly used for dissection of the gallbladder and for division of vessels and the cystic duct, because it reduces the risk of thermal injuries.

Methods:

During a 2-year period, in a personal series of 95 consecutive patients, the Harmonic scalpel was used as the sole instrument for both division and dissection of the cystic artery and duct. The average length of inpatient stay, procedure duration, and complications were compared with the data of a homogenous control group of patients who were treated using monopolar electrosurgery and clips.

Results:

Neither major complications nor bile duct injuries were detected in either group, and no statistically significant difference was found between the 2 in terms of the incidence of postoperative complications. However, the mean operative time was significantly shorter in patients treated with the Harmonic scalpel.

Conclusion:

The Harmonic scalpel is not only a safe and effective instrument but also a reliable substitute for clips because it provides complete hemobiliary stasis. Even if the study revealed no differences with regard to postoperative complications, the Harmonic scalpel represents a viable alternative because of the shorter operation time and cost savings that are inherent in a procedure using it as a single instrument.     

LigaSure和超声刀在Miccoli手术中的应用研究

目的 比较LigaSure血管闭合系统与超声刀在Miccoli手术中应用的手术时间和并发症.方法 回顾性分析上海交通大学附属第六人民医院普外科2007年1月至2011年12月期间684例行Miccoli术式患者的临床资料,其中应用LigaSure血管闭合系统者335例,应用超声刀完成手术者349例.对其平均手术时间及术后常见并发症(切口内血肿、一过性声音嘶哑、永久性喉返神经麻痹及低钙血症)进行对比.结果 所有684例患者中,有263例行甲状腺全切除术,421例行甲状腺腺叶切除术.使用超声刀者手术时间略短于使用LigaSure血管闭合系统,但二者比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);二者的术后常见并发症比较差异亦无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 LigaSure血管闭合系统和超声刀设备应用于甲状腺手术均是安全、可靠的,术者可根据手术习惯及医院配备选择应用手术器械.