PTEN在不同临床分期胃癌中的表达

目的 探讨酪氨酸磷酸酶蛋白基因(PTEN)与胃癌临床分期之间的相关性,以指导临床对胃癌的诊断,为合理治疗和判断预后提供依据.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测108例不同临床分期胃癌中PTEN的表达,以χ2检验及Kendall等级相关检验其相关性.结果 108例胃癌病例中,侵及粘膜及粘膜下层12例,PTEN表达阳性率33.3%;侵及肌层40例,阳性率30.0%;侵及浆膜层及浆膜外56例,阳性率21.4%.PTEN表达与侵润程度无明显相关性(P＞0.05).有7个以下区域淋巴结转移28例,阳性率42.8%;7～15个区域淋巴结转移46例,阳性率26.0%;15个以上区域淋巴结转移34例,阳性率11.7%.PTEN表达与区域淋巴结转移有相关性(P＜0.05).无远处转移72例,阳性率30.6%;有远处转移36例,阳性率16.7%.PTEN表达与远处转移有相关性(P＜0.05).结论 PTEN在不同临床分期胃癌组织中表达不同,分期越晚,PTEN阳性率越低,且PTEN表达与肿瘤转移有明显相关性.     

非小细胞肺癌组织中PTEN基因与Ki67蛋白的表达及其意义

目的:探讨第10染色体同源丢失性磷酸酶-张力蛋白酶(PTEN)基因、Ki67蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法:用免疫组化方法检测67例NSCLC组织以及41例癌旁正常肺组织中PTEN、Ki67蛋白的表达,并分析其与各临床病理指标及细胞增殖之间的相关性.结果:PTEN在正常肺组织中阳性表达率显著高于NSCLC组织(P＜0.05),PTEN表达与组织类型、细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P＜0.05);肺癌组织中Ki67的过度表达与肺癌的临床分期、淋巴结转移相关(P＜0.05);PTEN表达与Ki67表达负相关(r=-0.239,P＜0.05).结论:PTEN蛋白表达的缺失与NSCLC的恶性侵袭有关.联合检测PTEN与Ki67的表达有助于判断NSCLC的预后.     

P53和 nM23基因在人非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨 P53和 nM23基因表达在人非小细胞肺癌中的意义.方法:收集本院 47 例非小细胞肺癌根治标本的石蜡包埋组织.微波修复抗原、SP免疫组织化学方法染色,光镜观察.结果:47 例中,低分化癌组 P53蛋白阳性率 88.88%,高分化癌组 P53 蛋白阳性率 44%,差异有高度显著性 (P＜0.01).有肺门纵隔淋巴结转移组的P53 蛋白阳性率 82.60%,无淋巴结转移组的 P53 蛋白阳性率 25.00%.差异有显著性(P＜0.05).P53 蛋白在肺腺癌与肺鳞癌中的表达差异无显著性(P＞0.05).47 例中,肺鳞癌有肺门纵隔淋巴结转移组 nM23 阳性率 21.42%;无淋巴结转移组 nM23 阳性率 62.50%,差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01).nM23 在肺鳞癌与肺腺癌,在肺腺癌中有无淋巴结转移组表达及在非小细胞肺癌高、中、低 3 种不同分化组表达差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:P53 蛋白表达程度与非小细胞肺癌的分化程度及淋巴结转移有关,而 nM23 能抑制肺鳞癌的转移.     

皮层肌动蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨皮层肌动蛋白(cortactin)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达及其与NSCLC浸润转移和预后的关系.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测100例NSCLC组织及30例癌旁正常组织中cortactin蛋白的表达,分析与肺癌临床病理特征的联系及预后的关系.结果 cortactin蛋白在NSCLC癌组中的阳性率为69％ (69/100),显著高于在癌旁正常组0％ (0/30,P＜0.001).cortactin阳性率与肿瘤的分化程度、T分期、淋巴结转移和TNM分期相关(P＜0.05),而与性别、年龄、吸烟及组织学类型等无关(P＞0.05).Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示,cortactin阳性组生存期显著低于阴性组(P =0.015).Cox多因素分析显示,cortactin不是NSCLC的独立预后因素(P＞0.05).结论 cortactin在肺癌的分化、浸润和转移中扮演着重要的作用,并对生存期有一定的影响.     

非小细胞肺癌组织中脆性组氨酸三联体和PCNA的表达

目的:观察人非小细胞肺癌组织中脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达.方法:应用免疫组织化学(SP法)检测80例非小细胞肺癌和40例肺良性病变组织中FHIT和PCNA的表达.结果:非小细胞肺癌组织中FHIT表达阳性率(57.5%)低于肺良性病变组织(90.0%)(P＜0.01);腺癌组织中FHIT的表达阳性率高于鳞癌,且表达阳性率与鳞癌分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期有关(P＜0.05);非小细胞肺癌组织中FHIT表达阳性率与患者是否有吸烟史有相关性(P＜0.05);非小细胞肺癌组织中PCNA表达阳性率(60.0%)高于肺良性病变组织(10.0%)(P＜0.01);FHIT表达阳性率与淋巴结转移、TNM分期有关(P＜0.05);非小细胞肺癌组织中FHIT和PCNA表达呈负相关(rs=-0.547,P＜0.01).结论:FHIT表达下调是肿瘤细胞增殖活跃的分子基础之一,FHIT与非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展关系密切.     

p16基因甲基化及蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达

目的 探讨p16基因甲基化及蛋白在人非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况.方法 应用甲基化特异性PCR法(MS-PCR)及免疫组化SP法检测45例非小细胞肺癌组织、21例肺良性疾病组织中p16基因甲基化及蛋白的表达情况.结果 肺良性疾病中p16基因甲基化阳性率低于癌组织,差异有显著性(P=0.001),p16基因甲基化与非小细胞肺癌细胞分化程度及淋巴结转移情况有明显的相关性(P<0.05);肺良性疾病中p16蛋白阳性率高于癌组织,差异有显著性(P=0.007);p16蛋白表达与非小细胞肺癌临床分期、细胞分化程度及淋巴结转移情况有明显的相关性(P<0.05).p16甲基化和p16蛋白表达缺失存在相关性(P=0.004).结论 p16基因甲基化及蛋白的表达情况与非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展有关.     

非小细胞肺癌中Tiam-1的表达及其临床病理意义

目的:探讨T淋巴瘤侵袭和转移诱导蛋白(Tiam-1)在非小细胞肺癌(NaSCLC)中的表达及临床意义.方法:应用免疫组化S-P法检测86例NSCLC病理标本的Tiam-1表达情况.结果:NSCLC中Tiam-1的表达阳性率为55.8%,与年龄、性别、组织学类型及分化程度间均无明显相关性(P＞0.05).Tima1阳性表达率与患者PTNM分期及淋巴结转移密切相关(P＜0.05).在获得术后随访的47例患者中,生存期＜3年者19例,阳性表达15例,生存期≥3年者28例,阳性表达9例,两组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:Tiam-1过度表达与NSCLC的发展、淋巴结转移及预后有密切关系,有可能作为临床评估NSCLC进展及预测肿瘤转移潜能和预后的指标.     

细胞周期调控因子p16和CDK4在肺癌中的表达

目的探讨肺癌中细胞周期调控因子p16和CDK4的表达意义.方法应用S-P免疫组织化学方法研究62例肺癌组织中p16和CDK4的表达情况.结果62例肺癌组织中p16和CDK4阳性率分别为58.1%和48.4%.腺癌中p16的阳性率明显高于小细胞癌(P＜0.05);淋巴结转移阳性组p16的表达显著低于阴性组(P＜0.05,r=0.27).不同组织类型肺癌中CDK4的表达未见明显差异,淋巴结转移阳性组CDK4的表达高于阴性组(P＜0.01,r=0.58).p16和CDK4的表达明显负相关(P＜0.01,r=-0.81).结论p16的表达与肺癌的组织学类型有关,腺癌中p16的阳性率高于小细胞癌,检测CDK4的表达可作为判断肺癌淋巴结转移的一项新指标.     

非小细胞肺癌组织中PTEN、P53蛋白的表达

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中PTEN、P53蛋白的表达及意义.方法：采用免疫组化方法检测75例NSCLC组织（鳞癌50例,腺癌25例;高分化18例,中分化34例,低分化23例;按临床TNM分期：Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期50例,Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期25例;有淋巴结转移45例,无淋巴结转移30例）和20例正常肺组织中PTEN、P53蛋白表达情况,分析二者在组织学分型、分化程度、临床分期和淋巴结转移方面表达差异以及相关性.结果：①肺癌标本中PTEN、P53的阳性表达率分别是48%（36/75）、53.3%（40/75）,正常肺组织标本中阳性表达率分别是95%（19/20）、0%（0/20）.②二者在肺癌组织的阳性表达均未呈现组织学分型（鳞癌、腺癌）差异（P＞0.05）;PTEN在高、中分化组肺癌组织中的表达高于低分化组（P＜0.05）,P53在不同分化组间的表达差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;PTEN在Ⅰ～Ⅱ、无淋巴结转移标本中的表达分别高于Ⅲ～Ⅳ组和淋巴结转移组,P53在Ⅰ～Ⅱ、无淋巴结转移标本的表达分别低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ组和淋巴结转移组;③PTEN、P53在肺癌组织中的表达呈负相关（rs=-0.343,P＜0.05）.结论：PTEN、P53可以作为肺癌预后的评价指标,二者在肺癌组织中表达可能相互拮抗.     

RhoC及PTEN在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义的探讨

目的观察Ras同源性原癌基因C(RhoC)及张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)组织中的表达程度及其与临床病理学之间的关系,探索RhoC与PTEN在肺癌发生及演变过程中的作用机制及两者之间的关系,为非小细胞肺癌的发生机制提供理论基础,并为NSCLC的早期诊断提供新思路。方法 (1)试验分组:60例非小细胞肺癌标本及40例正常对照肺组织。(2)采用免疫组织化学方法检测RhoC及PTEN表达情况及其与临床病理学之间的关系。结果 60例NSCLC组织中,RhoC蛋白阳性表达率分别为68.33%(41/60),显著高于正常肺组织,RhoC在NSCLC组织中阳性表达率与吸烟史、年龄及组织学类型无关,而与癌组织的分化程度、临床分期密切相关。PTEN在非小细胞肺癌组织中的阳性率为36.70%,显著低于非肺癌组织的阳性率80.00%(P0.01);PTEN的表达与肺癌患者的细胞分化程度、TNM分期、肿瘤直径相关。RhoC和PTEN两者表达强度之间呈显著负相关(P0.01)。结论 (1)在非小细胞肺癌组织中RhoC的高表达与PTEN的低表达密切相关,可能参与了NSCLC的演进。(2)PTEN基因蛋白表达缺失在不同类型和不同分化程度的非小细胞肺癌发生、发展中存在重要意义,可作为判断肺癌生物学行为和患者预后的参考指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.