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1.
目的 调查郑州市生活饮用水及其水源水中土臭素(geosmin, GSM)和2-甲基异茨醇(2-methylisoborneol,2-MIB)两种臭味物质的含量水平,分析部分水源水中臭味物质超标的原因,为预防和治理水中臭味物质的污染提供数据支持。方法 采集2021年郑州市5家自来水厂丰水期、枯水期,平水期的末梢水3份及其水源水1份,共计60份样品,按照水质国家标准对GSM和2-MIB进行检测分析。结果 郑州市5家自来水厂的末梢水及其水源水中GSM检出率为85.0%,中位值为1.43 ng/L,检出值范围为0.15~8.66 ng/L,无超标水样;2-MIB检出率为93.3%,中位值为2.37 ng/L,检出值范围为0.59~19.7 ng/L,有两家水厂丰水期的水源水超标,分别为12.1 ng/L和19.7 ng/L,超标率为3.3%。结论 郑州市生活饮用水及其水源水中存在臭味物质污染现象,尚不严重,但丰水期水源水的2-MIB存在超标现象,应引起相关部门重视,以免发生饮用水安全问题。 相似文献
2.
目的 了解广元市主城区水源水和饮用水中8种双酚类化合物(BPs)污染状况,为健康风险评价提供基础数据。方法 采用QuEChERs结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS),于2020—2021年的枯水期和丰水期,对广元市水源水和饮用水中8种BPs进行检测和分析,样品包括8份水源水、8份出厂水、44份管网末梢水和14份直饮水。结果 BPs在水源水、出厂水、末梢水和直饮水均有检出,检出率在87.5%~100.0%之间,平均检出浓度在5.57 ng/L~94.00 ng/L之间,污染物主要为双酚A(BPA,nd~187.09 ng/L),其次为双酚S(BPS,nd~4.01 ng/L),少量检出双酚F(BPF)、双酚P(BPP)、双酚Z(BPZ)、双酚AP(BPAP)和双酚AF(BPAF),未检出双酚B(BPB)。出厂水中ΣBPs平均浓度比水源水低89.3%,末梢水中ΣBPs平均浓度比出厂水低44.6%,呈现水源水>出厂水>末梢水的特点。2020—2021年,4类水样BPs检出种类由2种增加到7种,水源水中ΣBPs平均浓度由36.56 ng/L上升至151.41 ng/L... 相似文献
3.
《中国卫生检验杂志》2010,(12)
目的:建立一种快速、灵敏、准确的同时测定饮用水中11种痕量多氯联苯(PCBs)的液/液微萃取-气相色谱/三重四级杆质谱(GC-QqQ-MS/MS)联用分析方法。方法:水样采用液/液微萃取法进行富集,在HP-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm i.d.×0.25μm)上,以高纯氦气(99.999)为载气,不分流进样,采用EI源以高纯氮气(99.999%)为碰撞气在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行检测。结果:11种PCBs在5.0 ng/L~500.0 ng/L范围内具有良好的线性(R20.99),检出限在0.29 ng/L~1.50 ng/L范围,最低定量限在0.97 ng/L~4.90 ng/L范围,RSDs在3.3%~14.9%范围,方法的富集倍数为53.1~167.4倍;在加标水平为8.0 ng/L、40.0 ng/L和200.0 ng/L时,其回收率分别在94.6%~117.8%、66.5%~108.3%、84.0%~114.3%范围。结论:本方法可用于饮用水中痕量PCBs的测定。 相似文献
4.
黄河水系水体中锶的水平及分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
枯水期和丰水期黄河水系(陕西段)水体中锶含量波动分别是0.52-1.52mg/L与0.50-1.23mg/L,年平均值为0.86mg/L,其标准偏差为0.24mg/L。不系水体中锶含量的统计分布,无论在枯水期、丰水期、还是在全年度,均系正态分布。在以上研究的基础上,分析一不同季节,不同采样点位的水中锶含量差异。 相似文献
5.
[目的]通过对水厂三卤甲烷和卤乙酸的检测及其健康风险评价,了解浦东新区出厂水消毒副产物含量分布及其对人群潜在的健康风险。[方法]选取浦东新区5家水厂出厂水,于2012年的3、5和6月份,2013年的3、5和8月份以及2014年的2月份采集水样共28份,分别检测三卤甲烷和卤乙酸浓度,结合风险评价模型对人群通过饮水途径暴露于三卤甲烷和卤乙酸进行健康风险评价。[结果]出厂水消毒副产物检出浓度最高者为D水厂丰水期的氯仿(15.0μg/L);最低者为B水厂枯水期的二氯乙酸(未检出);5水厂中氯仿浓度丰水期〉枯水期,二溴一氯甲烷和溴仿浓度丰水期〈枯水期;5水厂二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸浓度范围分别为未检出~5.00μg/L和0.55~8.25μg/L,其中三氯乙酸浓度在丰水期略高于枯水期,而二氯乙酸含量变化不大。经口致癌风险中二溴一氯甲烷居首位(最高为2.90×10-5),最低为氯仿(5.30×10-7)。除丰水期溴仿(风险范围5.30×10-7~1.10×10-6)外,5水厂丰、枯水两时期的二溴一氯甲烷、一溴二氯甲烷、二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸致癌风险范围在2.00×10-6~2.90×10-5,高于美国环境保护署给出的可接受最低致癌风险(10-6)。非致癌风险氯仿最高,其次为枯水期的二氯乙酸。经口致癌和非致癌风险均表现为时期和性别差异:枯水期〉丰水期(5水厂氯仿和B水厂二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的非致癌风险表现丰水期〉枯水期),女性〉男性。[结论]5个水厂饮用水中二溴一氯甲烷和一溴二氯甲烷的致癌风险最高,氯仿和二氯乙酸非致癌风险最高,且枯水期大于丰水期,在改善饮用水加工工艺时应重视长期暴露于饮用水中消毒副产物引起的潜在健康风险,并针对枯水期和丰水期的差异进行工艺调整,降低水中消毒副产物对人群的健康危害。 相似文献
6.
《中国卫生检验杂志》2016,(13)
目的调查厦门市自来水厂采用的消毒方法、出厂水中消毒副产物污染状况及季节分布,比较不同消毒方法消毒副产物的生成量。方法 2013年分别在丰水期和枯水期对厦门市17家自来水厂出厂水进行监测研究,对主要消毒副产物三卤甲烷(THMs)以及pH值、游离余氯进行监测。结果 4家自来水厂出厂水在枯水期和丰水期的二氧化氯含量均0.1 mg/L,符合饮用水中消毒剂常规指标要求。13家液氯消毒的自来水厂出厂水在丰水期和枯水期均检出三卤甲烷,4种三卤甲烷中除三溴甲烷未检出外,其他3种都有不同程度地检出,但均远低于卫生限值。结论目前厦门市自来水厂出厂水中消毒副产物污染不严重;消毒副产物的产生量随季节有所不同,丰水期明显高于枯水期;使用二氧化氯消毒方式的自来水厂出厂水中消毒副产物的含量明显低于采用氯消毒方式的自来水厂出厂水中的含量。 相似文献
7.
目的 了解南昌市主城区饮用水中消毒副产物种类、分布,并评价其潜在健康风险。方法 于 2015年枯水期(11月)、2016年丰水期(6月)采集南昌市主城区 8家市政出厂水水样 16份 ,依据《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T5750 - 2006)检测水样中 13种消毒副产物含量;运用美国环保局健康风险评价模型评价消毒副产物通过饮水途径引起的健康风险。结果 出厂水中消毒副产物浓度均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB5749 - 2006),卤乙酸(二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸)和三卤甲烷(三氯甲烷、二溴一氯甲烷)是南昌市主城区饮用水中主要消毒副产物。消毒副产物在丰水期浓度是枯水期浓度的4.16倍,丰水期二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、三氯甲烷浓度高于枯水期,枯水期二溴一氯甲烷浓度高于丰水期(均P<0.05)。消毒副产物引起的致癌风险为2.83×10 - 5/年~7.98×10 - 5/年,中值5.91×10 - 5/年,非致癌风险为6.21×10 - 2/年~1.86×10 - 1/年,中值为1.22×10 - 1/年。致癌风险主要来自二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸和二氯一溴甲烷,丰水期以三氯乙酸和三氯甲烷贡献最大;枯水期以二溴一氯甲烷和二氯一溴甲烷贡献最大;而二氯乙酸对非致癌风险贡献最大。结论 卤乙酸和三卤甲烷是南昌市主城区饮用水中的主要消毒副产物,出厂水中消毒副产物引起的致癌风险在可接受的范围,但需提出风险控制措施,丰水期消毒副产物浓度应该得到控制。 相似文献
8.
摘要:目的 了解烟台市农村饮用水水源地农药污染状况,为烟台市农村水质调查提供基础数据。方法 于2012年7月-2013年6月,在烟台市12个县市区所有的55个主要水源地采集水样,采样分枯水期、丰水期两期进行。萃取后用Agilent 7890-7000A检测。共计检测105种农药。结果 共得到55个平行水样结果,55个水源地均可检出农药残留,水样检出农药种类在18~34种之间,总含量在103.0 ng/L 到345.7 ng/L。有机磷农药、拟除虫菊酯类农药在各个水源地中均可检出。各水源地农药残留含量由高到低依次为:有机磷农药>拟除虫菊酯类>有机氯>氨基甲酸酯类>二羧甲酰亚胺>唑类。丰水期农药总含量、有机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类农药含量高于枯水期含量,差别有统计学意义(t值分别为9.674,5.577,4.320,P值均小于0.01)。结论 烟台市农村水体均受到不同种类农药的污染,不合理用药是造成污染的主要原因。 相似文献
9.
[目的]探讨攀枝花市城市生活饮用水水源金沙、江攀枝花段江水中铁含量变化趋势。[方法]1998~2007年于枯水期、丰水期分别对8个大水厂的水源水进行检测。[结果]检测的所有水样中铁含量均超过集中式供水饮用水地表水源地铁含量限值(≤0.3mg/L)。8个水厂水源水1998~2007年各年均值,枯水期为(0.68~1.36)mg/L,丰水期为(5.99~13.31)mg/L;各水厂,10年均值,枯水期为(0.62~1.46)mg/L.丰水期为(7.44~9.64)mg/L),均有在金沙江穿越城市过程中从上游至下游逐渐增高的趋势(P〈0.01)。全部水样均值,丰水期为(8.55±2.32)mg/L,枯水期为(0.92±0.38)mg/L(P〈0.01)。[结论]攀枝花市各水厂来自金沙江的水源水铁含量均超过国家标准,随着城市工业化的发展水源水中铁含量随之升高。 相似文献
10.
目的 对浙江省某地区生活饮用水中44种典型药物活性成分污染水平进行调查。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四级杆质谱法对水源水、出厂水和末梢水中44种典型药物活性成分的污染水平和污染特征进行调查,应用多重线性回归进行统计学意义分析。结果 饮用水水源水、出厂水、末梢水中,检出28种药物活性成分,大多数药物活性成分的污染水平为水源水>出厂水>末梢水。金刚烷胺的检出率最高,总检出率为66.9%。枯水期和丰水期的检出率分别为91.4%、32.8%,检出浓度最大值为347.7 ng/L和4.910 ng/L。此外,强力霉素和罗红霉素在枯水期和丰水期的检出率均超过18%。剩余的药物活性成分中,大部分药物在枯水期的检出率和检出浓度均大于丰水期。结论 浙江省某地区生活饮用水源中44种典型药物活性成分污染水平总体不高,但金刚烷胺、强力霉素和罗红霉素的污染情况相对较严重,应引起足够的重视。 相似文献
11.
某固体废物拆解基地环境中类二(口恶)英多氯联苯污染水平分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 了解某废旧变压器、电容器拆解基地环境中类二(口恶)英多氯联苯(dioxin-like PCBs,DL-PCBs)的污染水平 及其分布情况.方法 于2005年12月,采集该地区空气、大气颗粒相、河水、土壤、蔬菜等样品,并对样品进行提取、净化,采用同位素内标法、高分辨气相色谱.高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱联用仪(HRGC-HRMS)测定样品中DL-PCBs的含量.结果 拆解场及周边空气中DL-PCBs浓度为4 031.77~4 942.34 pg/m3 TEQ为1.832~2.666 pg/m3;大气颗粒相中DL-PCBs浓度为325.45~3 499.77 pg/m3 TEQ为0.370 9~1.536 3 pg/m3;土壤中DL-PCBs含量为2 316.59~19 100.30 pg/g干重,TEQ为1.358~15.264 pg/g干重;水中DL-PCBs浓度为5.731~237.640 ng/L,TEQ为2.585~73.046 pg/L;蔬菜中DL-PCBs含量为1 078.45~1 620.04 pg/g湿重,TEQ为0.778 3~1.126 2 pg/g湿重.在空气、大气颗粒相、土壤、水、蔬菜样品中,PCB-118的含量均为最高;PCB-126的TEQ最高.在无邻位PCBs中,PCB-77的含量最高;在单邻位PCBs中,PCB-118的含量最高,其次是PCB-105、PCB-156和PCB-167.除PCB-169在空气样品中未被检出外,12种同族异构体在空气、大气颗粒相、土壤、水、蔬菜样品中均被检出.结论 该地区自然环境受到DL-PCBs的严重污染,并已转入至蔬菜中.建议今后开展DL-PCBs对该地区人群的健康影响及对食品的污染状况的研究. 相似文献
12.
目的建立水体中20种多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)的稳定性同位素内标-全自动固相膜萃取-气相色谱质谱联用测定法,并应用于实际水样的测定。方法采集福州瓶装矿泉水(地下水)、自来水(生活饮用水管道末梢水),闽侯大学城内河水(地表水)和溪源宫溪水(生活水源水)等水样,气相色谱质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometer,GC-MS)分析本底值,用含13C12稳定性同位素的PCBs定量内标(surrogate solution,SS)定量。各水样20、40和80 ng/L3个浓度加标(n=7),计算SS回收率进行前处理质控,计算PCBs回收率和相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)以验证方法,并将此法用于闽江流域上游支流至下游入海口共17个横断面江水的测定。结果方法检出限(method detection limits,MDL)为1.9~6.6 ng/L,水样回收率为70.9%~127%,RSD为0.5%~13%,定量内标SS的回收率为40%~90%。实际水样均未检出PCBs。结论本方法采用全自动固相萃取膜技术,比传统手工固相萃取柱法节省试剂,自动化程度高,同时运用稳定性同位素内标,结合GC-MS技术,结果更准确可靠,可运用于实际水样PCBs的测定。 相似文献
13.
[目的]建立新生儿脐带血中多氯联苯(PCBs)的分析方法,并对电子垃圾拆解区新生儿PCBs暴露水平进行评估。[方法]血清样品经正己烷和甲基叔丁基醚混合溶液(1:1)萃取,经干燥得到脂肪并称取其质量。脂肪经正己烷溶解、硫酸净化、酸性硅胶柱净化及浓缩定容后,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测分析PCBs含量。采用EI源电离方式与选择离子检测法(SIM),以外标法进行定量。[结果]加标回收率76.0%~113.0%;方法检出限0.01~0.12ng/g;电子垃圾拆解区新生儿体内28种PCBs的总浓度为338.56 ng/g lipid。[结论该方法检测新生儿脐带血中28种PCBs的同系物,灵敏度高、重复性好、回收率良好,可用于相关样品的检测。广东省汕头贵屿镇电子垃圾拆解区新生儿PCBs已处于较高暴露水平,值得重视。 相似文献
14.
Kelly SM Eisenreich KM Baker JE Rowe CL 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2008,27(12):2565-2574
We conducted field studies over three years to assess body burdens and maternal transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as well as indices of sexual dimorphism in snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) of the upper Hudson River (NY, USA.) We collected adult turtles in areas known to be contaminated with PCBs and in nearby reference areas for measurement of body size, precloacal length, and penis size. We analyzed PCB concentrations in eggs collected over three years and in whole blood from adults in one year. Total PCB concentrations (mean +/- standard error) in eggs were 2,800 +/- 520 and 59 +/- 5 ng/g wet weight in the contaminated area and the reference area, respectively. Eggs from the contaminated area were significantly enriched in tri-, penta-, and hepta-PCBs relative to the reference area. Blood from adults in the contaminated area averaged 475 +/- 200 and 125 +/- 34 ng/g wet weight for males and females, respectively. In the reference area, blood PCB concentrations were 7 +/- 3 and 4 +/- 1 ng/g wet weight for males and females, respectively. Significant positive relationships were found between carapace length and blood PCB concentration for both sexes in the contaminated area; however, only a marginal relationship was found between female carapace length and concentration of PCBs in their eggs. Our results suggest that PCB contamination of the upper Hudson River presents risks of establishing high body burdens and of maternal transfer of PCBs to eggs, although our measures of gross morphology revealed no discernable expression of abnormal sexual development or reproduction. 相似文献
15.
Crimmins BS Brown PD Kelso DP Foster GD 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2002,42(4):396-404
Water, sediments, and aquatic biota were sampled in a tidal river-marsh on the Potomac River near Washington, DC (USA) to
assess baseline concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and bioaccumulation in finish species. The mean sediment
total-PCB concentration in the wetland was 50 ng/g dry weight, and mean concentrations in biota ranged from 150 ng/g to 450
ng/g wet weight. The highest PCB concentrations were observed in channel catfish. The median biota-sediment accumulation factor
(BSAF) estimated in all finfish species for total-PCBs was 2.9. However, some of the individual and co-eluting PCB congeners
had median BSAFs that were substantially greater (e.g., congener numbers 42, 74, 182/187/128, and 171) or lower (e.g., congener
numbers 18/15, 45, 185, and 208) than the total-PCB average. Apparent bioaccumulation factors (biota/water PCB concentration
ratios) for PCB congeners showed a parabolic relation with n-octanol/water partition coefficients, confirming some previous investigations. There was no clear trend between apparent
bioaccumulation factors and trophic level. Organic-carbon-normalized sediment distribution constants (sediment/water PCB concentration
ratios) were linearly related to the apparent bioaccumulation factors for all the finfish species investigated.
Received: 30 May 2001/Accepted: 26 December 2001 相似文献
16.
Neigh AM Zwiernik MJ Bradley PW Kay DP Park CS Jones PD Newsted JL Blankenship AL Giesy JP 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2006,25(2):428-437
In 1990, a portion of the Kalamazoo River in Michigan, USA, was designated a Superfund site because of the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the sediment and floodplain soils. During a four-year period from 2000 to 2003, several avian species were monitored for reproductive effects and concentrations of PCBs in tissues attributed to food chain transfer from contaminated sediments. The tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) was chosen as a model receptor for contamination of passerine species. A top-down methodology was used to evaluate the bioaccumulation of PCBs, including non-ortho and mono-ortho congeners, in tree swallow eggs, nestlings, and adults at the Kalamazoo River area of concern (KRAOC) and at an upstream reference site. Generally, a sixfold difference in tissue concentrations of total PCBs was observed between the two sites with concentrations in eggs and nestlings at the KRAOC ranging from 0.95 to 15 microg PCB/g wet weight. Concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (TEQsWHO Avian) for PCBs, based on bird-specific World Health Organization toxic equivalence factors, were 10- to 30-fold greater in the KRAOC than at the reference location. Egg and nestling TEQsWHO-Avian ranged from 0.21 to 2.4 ng TEQ/g wet weight at the KRAOC. Hazard quotients calculated from literature-derived toxicity reference values were below 1.0 at both the target and the reference site based on the no-observed-adverse-effect level and the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level. 相似文献
17.
Qin Zhang Lirong Gao Minghui Zheng Lidan Liu Cheng Li 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2014,92(5):585-589
Few studies have been conducted to investigate the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in freshwater since the volume of water needed for dioxin analysis is large. In this study, 19 water samples from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were analysed for the levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs). The results showed that the concentration ranges of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were 0.6–8.5 and 2.0–15.8 pg/L, respectively, which were relatively low compared with those reported in the literature. The WHO-TEQ concentration range of dioxins was 0.002–0.040 pg/L. The PCA results indicated that the main sources of PCDD/Fs may be the applications of pentachlorophenol or sodium pentachlorophenate and domestic wood and coal burning. For dl-PCBs, domestic wood burning and coal burning were the main sources. 相似文献
18.
Lána R Vávrová M Cáslavský J Skoumalová M Bílková A Sucman E 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2008,81(6):574-577
The determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water, sediment and fish samples from the Czech Republic was carried
out using high resolution gas chromatography with electron capture detection. PCBs concentrations in water and sediment samples
were rather low and corresponded with the findings from some prior studies. On the other hand, investigated samples of fish
tissue were highly contaminated (on average 1.3–266 ng/g fat for individual PCBs), thus, a continuing contamination of fish
species with PCBs was proved. 相似文献
19.
目的探讨杭州湾南岸小海鲜食品和滩涂环境中多氯联苯的污染水平及其相关性。方法2010—2011年沿杭州湾南岸的6个滩涂养殖区采集7种小海鲜食品和相应的滩涂沉积物,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定所采集海鲜食品及滩涂环境样品中多氯联苯含量,并分析海鲜与滩涂样品中多氯联苯污染水平的相关性。结果7大类880份小海鲜食品中多氯联苯残留量为43.69~147.14 μg/kg,环境沉积物多氯联苯残留量为8.41~25.87 μg/kg,各养殖区域的小海鲜和沉积物多氯联苯含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);沉积物中多氯联苯含量与小海鲜体内多氯联苯水平呈正相关关系(P<0.05),并在生物体内不断富集放大。结论杭州湾南岸小海鲜食品和滩涂环境中均检出多氯联苯残留,小海鲜中多氯联苯污染与环境中多氯联苯残留有关。 相似文献
20.
Verreault J Letcher RJ Muir DC Chu S Gebbink WA Gabrielsen GW 《Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC》2005,24(10):2486-2499
The present study investigated new or lesser-studied and legacy organochlorine (OC) contaminants and metabolites in plasma and eggs of glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) collected from major breeding colonies on Bear Island in the Norwegian Arctic. Hexachlorobutadiene was below the method limit of detection (< 0.07 ng/g lipid wt) in all samples. The sum (sum) of 20 chlorobornane congener concentrations ranged between 294 and 986 ng/g lipid weight and 104 and 1,121 ng/g lipid weight in plasma and eggs, respectively, whereas those of sum 20polychlorinated naphthalene ranged between 1.34 and 126 ng/g lipid weight in plasma and 1.82 and 162 ng/g lipid weight in eggs. Bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone concentrations ranged between 5.24 and 143 ng/ g lipid weight plasma, which is the first report of this contaminant in arctic biota north of Sweden. Based on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQs), partial dioxin-like toxicity varied between 3.04 and 20.8 ng TEQ/g lipid weight in plasma and 0.94 and 46.5 ng TEQ/g lipid weight in eggs, and largely was due to concentrations of non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with a very minor contribution from mono-ortho PCBs and polychlorinated naphthalenes. The major aryl sulfone metabolite in plasma was an unidentified hexachlorinated MeSO2-PCB congener (range: 13.5-551 ng/g lipid wt), whereas the pentachlorinated congeners 3'- and 4'-MeSO2-CB101 (range: 4.49-38.1 ng/g lipid wt) dominated in eggs. The predominant halogenated phenolic compound (HPC) in plasma was consistently the PCB metabolite 4-OH-CB187 (range: 0.29-17.5 ng/g wet wt), whereas in eggs, detectable HPCs were at very low and transient concentrations. As part of a complex profile of contaminant exposure, these chemical classes and metabolites may be contributing factors to enhance physiological stress in breeding glaucous gulls. 相似文献