护理人员灵性照护实施的研究进展

文章综述了护理人员灵性照护的相关概念、实施现状及其主要测评工具,从人口学因素、个体特质因素、社会环境因素等方面分析了我国临床护理人员实施灵性照护的影响因素。在此基础上,提出促进我国临床护理人员灵性照护实施的策略,以期为构建本土化的灵性照护模式和体系以及进一步促进对患者的整体照护提供参考。     

灵性照护在晚期癌症患者中的研究进展

【】 综述了灵性的相关概念,晚期癌症患者灵性需求评估及需求现状,通过意义疗法、尊严疗法、宗教疗法等多方面可以满足患者的灵性需求,从而提高患者生活质量、改善患者心境、节约医疗资源等。但是目前我国临床开展灵性照护还面临诸多问题,因此有待进一步探索适合我国国情的灵性照护模式。     

晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求现状的研究

目的了解晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法选取120例晚期肿瘤患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求量表分别调查研究对象的一般资料、对灵性照护的需求水平。结果晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求总分为(39.4±6.04)分;分层回归分析结果显示,宗教信仰、年龄、性别是晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求的影响因素(P0.05)。结论晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求处于高等水平,宗教信仰、年龄、性别为其影响因素,护理人员可通过患者对灵性照护需求量表的5个维度为切入点对其进行护理干预,满足晚期肿瘤患者对护士提供灵性照护的需求,提高患者的灵性安适度。     

慢性病患者灵性困扰评估及相关因素研究进展

灵性困扰在慢性病人群中普遍存在,其严重影响患者的生命质量。我国对慢性病人群灵性困扰的研究尚处于起步阶段。文章综述灵性困扰的相关概念、慢性病患者灵性困扰研究现状及其主要评估工具,从人口学因素、病理因素、心理因素等方面分析了影响慢性病患者灵性困扰的相关因素。在此基础上,提出促进灵性困扰识别及照护的建议,为准确评估慢性病患者灵性困扰水平,建立符合我国国情及文化的灵性照护模式,提高患者的生命质量提供参考。     

冠心病病人实施基于灵性情感为导向的照护模式对其消极情绪及生活质量的影响

[目的]探究基于灵性情感为导向的照护模式对冠心病病人消极情绪及生活质量的影响。[方法]将86例冠心病病人按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组实施传统的护理照护,观察组则在对照组基础上引入基于灵性情感为导向的照护模式,两组病人在干预前后接受焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)以及生活质量量表测评。[结果]干预后观察组病人的SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组(P0.05);干预后观察组病人生理功能、生理职能、躯体疾病、一般情况、精力、社会功能、情感功能及精神健康的评分均高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]对冠心病病人采用引入基于灵性情感为导向的照护模式,有助于减轻其焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高其生活质量。     

基于Kano模型的老年重度慢性心力衰竭住院患者灵性照护需求现状及其属性分析

目的 对老年重度慢性心力衰竭（CHF）住院患者灵性照护需求现状及其属性进行分析研究,为满足患者灵性照护需求,提高灵性照护质量提供参考和方向。方法 2021年12月—2022年7月,使用一般资料调查表、患者灵性照护需求量表、基于Kano模型的患者灵性照护需求量表对天津市某三级甲等医院的381例老年重度CHF住院患者进行调查研究。结果 老年重度CHF住院患者灵性照护需求总分为29.75±5.74分。灵性照护需求12个条目中,惊喜属性为3条,且都在保留区Ⅳ;线性属性为5条,其中3条位于优势区Ⅰ,2条位于待改进区Ⅱ;基本属性为2条,均处于待改进区Ⅱ;无关属性为2条,均处于次要改进区Ⅲ。在“分享自我感悟”维度中,惊喜和线性属性均为2条,基本属性为1条;在“帮助思考”维度中,线性和无关属性分别为2条、1条;在“营造良好氛围”维度中,惊喜和基本属性各占1条;在“探索精神信仰”维度中,线性属性1条;在“帮助宗教修行”维度中,无关属性1条。结论 老年重度CHF住院患者灵性照护需求处于中等水平,且其基本、惊喜属性需求主要分布在“营造良好氛围”“分享自我感悟”维度,线性属性需求主要分布在“分享自我感悟”“帮...     

灵性照护在护理教育领域中的研究进展

综述了灵性照护教育的研究现状、教育内容、教学及评价方法等,认为灵性照护教育的实施任重道远,国内应加以重视,如积极开展相关的研究,采取各种有效措施,在护理教育系统加入灵性照护相关课程;重视临床灵性照护,从而改善护患关系,为患者提供更高质的整体护理服务,提高患者生命质量。     

缓和照护需求识别评估工具的研究进展

国家统计局数据[1]显示,我国每年死亡人数约960 万～990 万人,2015 年经济学人智库发布的全球死亡质量报告[2]显示,我国公民死亡质量居于倒数第9 位.缓和照护(palliative care,PC),是一种改善患有不可治愈性疾病患者及其家庭生活质量的照护模式,提供以缓解服务对象生理、心理、社会和灵性痛苦为核...     

癌症病人灵性照护的研究进展

从灵性照护相关概念与内涵、研究方法、工具及其必要性,探讨癌症病人灵性照护的研究现状,指出护士给予灵性照护对于癌症病人的重要性,强调灵性照护对癌症病人生存质量提高的积极作用与未来有关灵性照护的研究方向。     

乳腺癌患者灵性健康水平及灵性需求分析

目的：调查我国乳腺癌患者灵性健康现状及灵性需求,为临床制订乳腺癌患者个性化灵性照护提供理论依据。方法：便利抽取66例住院治疗的乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用慢性病治疗功能评估-灵性量表-12进行现场问卷调查。采用质性研究中的现象学方法,对12例乳腺癌患者进行访谈,运用Colaizzi现象学分析法进行资料分析,并提炼主题。结果：66例乳腺癌患者灵性健康总分为(31.21±8.86)分,处于中等水平。灵性需求包括4个主题：学习心理疏导方法;增强个人尊严,降低病耻感;探寻生命意义,体现人生价值;了解自护知识,渴望回归社会。结论：乳腺癌患者对灵性需求较大,临床工作中应注重对患者灵性照护,提高个人尊严及对自我价值感,帮助患者重回社会。     

Spirituality and nursing practice

Summary

• ? Spirituality is often equated or used synonymously with the word religion but it appears this concept can be defined in broader terms.
• ? Nurses do not appear to consider spirituality adequately in clinical practice but if holistic care is to be given to patients it is essential that the spiritual component of individuals is addressed.
• ? This paper explores the concepts of spirituality and clinical practice. Clarification of the term spirituality is given followed by a critical review of the literature in order to establish its relevance to nursing practice and to what extent patients' spiritual needs are met. Aspects of spiritual assessment and spiritual care are also outlined.
• ? It is suggested that nurse education may help nurses incorporate spirituality into clinical practice by increasing their knowledge and understanding of such a concept.

     

Spiritual-care process and content: lessons learned from the ECHO Project

PURPOSE: To describe the process and content of spiritual caregiving delivered by a minister to 18 homeless male addicts in recovery and to determine whether and how advanced practice nurses can integrate similar counseling into practice. DATA SOURCES: Notes from the minister's clinical sessions with individuals in the study sample were analyzed to identify the procedures used in spiritual counseling and the overall content of the interactions. Results were then reviewed in light of the literature on the nurse's role in spiritual caregiving to determine realistic implications for practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Advanced practice nurses are currently mandated to integrate spiritual care into clinical practice as part of their holistic-practice model. Although theoretically sound, in practice, the time-dependent and specialized nature of spiritual caregiving may be more appropriately and effectively delivered by ministers as part of the primary care team when time, personal, and other constraints exist.     

口服化疗乳腺癌患者灵性需求和照护的真实体验

目的深入了解与探讨口服化疗乳腺癌患者对于灵性需求和照护的真实体验。方法 2014年1-7月,采用目的抽样法选取在上海市某三级甲等医院住院的9名乳腺癌患者为研究对象,采用现象学研究方法,对其进行半结构式访谈,现场录音,借助NVivo 8.0软件,根据Colaizzi的7步分析法对资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果口服化疗乳腺癌患者的灵性需求可归纳为4个主题:精神寄托的需求,提升希望的需求,面对死亡的需求和自我实现的需求;灵性照护可归纳为3个主题:尊重宗教信仰,提升希望及死亡教育。结论口服化疗乳腺癌患者的居家支持性护理应该满足患者的灵性需求,给予灵性照护。     

老年慢性心力衰竭患者居家期间灵性照护需求及照护体验的研究

目的 深入探讨在延续护理模式下老年慢性心力衰竭患者居家期间的灵性照护需求及照护体验,为临床护理提供依据。方法 应用质性研究中的现象学方法,对12例老年慢性心力衰竭患者进行访谈,运用Colaizzi现象学分析法进行资料分析,并提炼主题。结果 灵性照护需求主题：（1）找回选择权力;（2）回归角色统一;（3）提升尊严;（4）重拾生命意义。照护体验主题：（1）渴望开通24 h家庭访视和电话访问服务;（2）期待护理协调员的动态支持;（3）向往志愿帮扶活动。结论 老年慢性心力衰竭患者居家期间应该满足其灵性照护需求,医护人员应提供24 h动态咨询服务,充分发挥护理协调员作用,并激活社会支持系统,共同助力老年慢性心力衰竭患者健康养老,安度晚年。     

Spiritual crisis: a concept analysis

Title.  Spiritual crisis: a concept analysis.
Aim.  This paper is a report of an analysis of the concept of spiritual crisis.
Background.  The term spiritual crisis has been used ambiguously in the literature, resulting in lack of clarity. A holistic approach includes spirituality in nursing care of the whole person.
Data sources.  Papers available online between 1998 and 2007 in the CINAHL, Medline and PsycInfo databases were retrieved for analysis. The search engine Google was also used to examine additional references to 'spiritual crisis'.
Review methods.  Spiritual crisis, spiritual emergency and life crisis were the terms initially used to search each database. The search was expanded to include spirituality to draw more literature into the review.
Findings.  Using Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis, a definition of spiritual crisis was identified. Spiritual crisis can be described as a unique form of grieving or loss, marked by a profound questioning of or lack of meaning in life, in which an individual or community reaches a turning point, leading to a significant alteration in the way life is viewed. Possible antecedents include sudden acute illness and loss of important relationships. Potential consequences may include physical and emotional responses.
Conclusion.  People with terminal illness, depression, and those who are grieving losses may be at special risk of spiritual crisis. The literature suggests an interdisciplinary approach, nurses' self-exploration of spirituality, and refraining from defining spirituality by religious affiliation as part of improving practice.     

The human being’s spiritual experiences in a mental healthcare context; their positive and negative meaning and impact on health – a hermeneutic approach

The study aims at describing different meanings of patients’ spiritual experiences and their impact on patients’ health in mental healthcare. The different contents of patients’ spiritual experiences are often understood by caregivers as the expressions of patients’ religious speculation. The study has a hermeneutic approach, inspired by Gadamer. Its theoretical pre‐understanding is Caring Science perspective, according to which the human being is a unity of body, psyche and spirit. The sources are 32 stories selected from William James’ book (1956) The Varieties of Religious Experience. They are hermeneutically interpreted and discussed in the light of international research on patients’ spirituality to gain a deeper understanding. The results are three main themes: (i) the positive meanings of spirituality, (ii) the negative meanings of spirituality and (iii) the both negative and positive meaning of spirituality. Therefore, it is a very important task for mental caregivers to address patients’ spiritual dimension to help them adequately.     

Elderly patients' perceptions of their spiritual needs and care: a pilot study

This paper describes a pilot study, in a small sample of elderly patients, designed to ascertain their perceptions of their spiritual needs and care. According to the nursing literature, spiritual care is part of the nurse's role. But it is not clear what spiritual needs are or how nurses are expected to give spiritual care. Ten patients from a care of the elderly assessment unit located in a hospital in Edinburgh, Scotland were interviewed about their spiritual needs in the summer of 1995. Eight patients admitted to having experienced spiritual needs at some time in their lives, six while in hospital. The types of needs experienced related to religion, meaning, love and belonging, morality, and death and dying. Their spiritual needs could have been better met if, for example, a quiet room for reflection/prayer had been available and if they had been told about hospital church services and provided with transport to attend. Although limited, the findings contribute to our understanding of spiritual need and spiritual care from the elderly in-patients' view point. Further research, however, is needed to explore the type of spiritual help other elderly patients and other patient groups in different geographical locations feel they would like.     

A Phenomenological Description of the Experience of Spiritual Distress

The purpose of this study was to describe the phenomenon of spiritual distress in order to clarify the nursing diagnosis of spiritual distress and to evaluate its defining characteristics. Phenomenological interview procedures were used. Ten participants were asked to describe a time in their life when they had been concerned about the meaning of life, death, and/or their beliefs (the major defining char-acteristic of this nursing diagnosis). The data were analyzed using a hermeneutical approach. The thematic structure of this experience indicated a biphasic process through which participants moved from distress to change and growth. Implications for nursing are discussed and suggestions made for further research on spiritual distress.     

Spiritual Needs and Perception of Quality of Care and Satisfaction With Care in Hematology/Medical Oncology Patients: A Multicultural Assessment

Context

Assessment and response to patients' spiritual concerns are crucial components of high-quality supportive care. Better measures of spiritual needs across the cultural spectrum may help direct necessary interventions.